Search

PurposeMethodsResultsConclusionsThe aim of this retrospective case review is to present a novel surgical technique used in the treatment of recalcitrant lower eyelid retraction.This study was performed as a retrospective case review of 4 patients who have failed standard conservative surgical interventions for lower eyelid retraction repair. 3 patients developed lower eyelid retraction following surgical intervention for orbital trauma and 1 patient developed lower eyelid retraction in the setting of granulomatosis with polyangiitis. The surgical technique was identical in each patient and performed by an oculofacial plastic surgeon, sometimes together with an oral and maxillofacial surgeon. Follow-up results for all patients were assessed at 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months.All four patients demonstrated initial improvement in lower eyelid position, fullness, and height. A common finding was mild lateral postoperative entropion, which was easily overcome with an upper eyelid tarsoconjunctival flap. There were no surgical complications sustained in any of the cases.This retrospective case review provides a novel surgical option for the correction of recalcitrant lower eyelid retraction. The excellent vascularity provided by this flap, location, and easy access support its use. A prospective study comparing alternative solutions would be useful in comparing the buccal fat pad vascularized pedicle to alternative methods used to correct refractory and cicatricial lower eyelid retraction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Methods: The authors performed a computerized search using PubMed, Embase, and Google Scholar. The search terms used were "chemotherapy AND surgery", "immunotherapy AND surgery", "radiotherapy AND surgery", "nutrition AND surgery", "(oculoplastic OR orbit OR eyelid OR lacrimal OR puncta) AND (chemotherapy OR immunotherapy OR radiotherapy)", "(facial OR facial plastic OR oculoplastic) AND (chemotherapy OR immunotherapy OR radiotherapy)", "(cancer OR malignancy) AND surgery", "(cancer OR malignancy) AND (surgery OR surgical) complications", "wound healing AND (cancer OR malignancy)", "infection AND (cancer OR malignancy)", "(bleeding OR blood loss) AND (cancer OR malignancy) AND surgery", "(chemotherapy OR immunotherapy OR radiotherapy) AND wound healing", "(chemotherapy OR immunotherapy OR radiotherapy) AND (bleeding OR blood loss)", "(chemotherapy OR immunotherapy OR radiotherapy) AND infection"., Results: A total of 89 articles, published from 1993 to 2023 in the English language or with English translations were included. Articles published earlier than 2000 were cited for foundational knowledge. References cited in the identified articles were also used to gather further data for the review., Conclusions and Relevance: Patients who are being treated for cancer or are undergoing current treatment for cancer require special considerations. Systemic therapies and radiotherapy impact the physiology of patients and the integrity of tissue in ways that significantly impact surgical interventions. It is imperative for the oculofacial plastic surgeon to have a complete understanding on how a previous or current diagnosis of cancer can influence surgical outcomes., Competing Interests: Declaration of conflicting interestsThe authors declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.