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A transient female passenger in her 40s presented to the emergency department (ED) exhibiting drowsiness post-scuba diving. Despite normal initial vitals, she reported dizziness, sleepiness, and occipital headache. A computed tomography (CT) scan showed a severe posterior circulation acute infarction affecting various brain regions, resulting in significant mass effects and complications like 4th ventricle compression, cerebellar tonsillar herniation, and hydrocephalus. Extensive diagnostic tests, blood workup, and stroke evaluations revealed normal findings, except for an incidental patent foramen ovale (PFO). Collaboration with neurosurgery led to her transfer for life-saving extraventricular drain (EVD) insertion and posterior fossa decompression. Treatment included right-side EVD insertion, suboccipital craniectomy, and foramen magnum decompression. Postoperatively, she was extubated the next day, alert, without focal neurological deficits. Upon EVD removal, a repeat CT head scan showed regression of mass effect. She was discharged home safely after 16 days, fully ambulating. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A two-component model of gradient elution chromatography is investigated to theoretically study the effects of simultaneous variations in temperature and solvent strength on the retention behaviors of elution profiles in thermally insulated liquid chromatographic columns. The gradient elution technique is based on the gradual increase or decrease in eluent strength during the chromatographic operation by varying the composition of the mobile phase. The enthalpy of adsorption is primarily responsible for internal temperature variations inside the column, as heat adsorbs during the adsorption process and releases in the desorption phase. Both types of variations change the propagation speeds of moving pulses inside the column which can lead to better separation of the components and a reduction in the recycling time for the next injection. The equilibrium dispersive model (EDM) coupled with the energy balance equation for temperature and transport equation for the volume fraction of the solvent is utilized to simulate this complex process. The resulting nonlinear model equations are approximated by applying a semi-discrete second-order finite volume scheme. The numerical solutions are used to study the impact of a gradient starting and ending times, volume-fraction of the solvent, solvent strength parameter, the slope of gradient, enthalpy of adsorption, injection temperature, and the ratio of specific heats on the concentration profiles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite being an agrarian economy, food insecurity is pervasive in Pakistan. This study examines the impact of multiple dimensions of household vulnerability and socio-economic resilience on food insecurity. The results of ordinary least squares and Logistic regression based on data from Pakistan Standard and Living Measurement Survey (2018–2019) and Food Insecurity Experience Scale showed that vulnerabilities like age and employment dependency, household size, and gender composition play a significant role in food insecurity. The key policy interventions that can prevent households from experiencing food insecurity would be investments in human capital, empowering women, and reduction in rural–urban disparity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Half metallic ferromagnetic (HMF) are key materials for quantum computing information storage devices and green energy. So, the structural, electronic, optical, and magnetic properties of SMoO2 (S = Na, K, Rb, Cs) are studied by quantum simulations based on density functional theory (DFT) within WIEN2K code. The Perdew − Burke − Ernzerhof (PBE + GGA) was used for the exchange correlation potential to study the said compounds. The volume optimization properties indicated that these compounds have minimum ground state energy in monoclinic crystal structure with space group 12 C2/m. Moreover, electronic band gap properties and density of states (DOS) graphs depicted the metallic nature for spin up a channel and semiconductor nature for spin down channel. This confirms the half-metallic ferromagnetism (HMF), and Heisenberg's classical model confirms the 100% spin polarization. Various frequency dependent optical parameters explain the optical properties. The double exchange process, crystal field energy ∆Ecry, direct Δx(d), and indirect exchange energies Δx(pd), is demonstrated by the quantum ferromagnetic behavior. The negative value of Δx(pd) and magnetic exchange constants confirm the ferromagnetism due to the quantum exchange mechanism of electrons. In addition to the above, it has been noted from the density of states that Mo d-states are responsible for the response of half metallic nature of these compounds. The magnetic parameter values of SMoO2 (S = Na, K, Rb, and Cs) show higher magnetic moment and major contribution coming from the Mo atom. Hence the studied results show that these compounds are valuable materials for spintronic applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study was carried out to assess the degrading efficiency of the fungal consortium (Cellulolytic fungi Paecilomyces variotti and Chaetomium globosum, lignolytic fungi--Pleurotus florida and Tramates versicolor and actinomycetes--Streptomyces lavendulae and Thermobifida fusca) in converting the Municipal solid waste (MSW) and Water hyacinth (WH) mixture into an eco-friendly value added organic manure. The results revealed that the biomanure obtained by inoculation of fungal consortium into the municipal solid waste (MSW) and water hyacinth (WH) mixture was found to be efficient in enhancing the rate of decomposition within as they showed a drastic reduction in the biochemical parameters like organic carbon (21.09 per cent), cellulose (20.56 per cent), phenolic content (0.46 mg [g.sup.-1]) and reducing sugars (0.67 mg [g.sup.-1]). C: N ratio was narrowed down from 92:1 to 15:1, while nitrogen content increased from 0.37 percent to 1.39 per cent compared to uninoculated MSW-WH compost. [beta]-glucosidase and urease enzyme activities were much pronounced upto 75 days from 0.05 to 2.82 [U1.sup.-l] enzyme protein ([beta]-glucosidase) and from 0.93 to 2.39 [micro] mol of ammonia formed [mg.sup.-1] enzyme protein (urease) in fungal consortium inoculated MSW-WH over the uninoculated MSW-WH compost. Keywords: Municipal Solid Waste (MSW), Water Hyacinth (WH), Fungal consortium, Biomanure, 1. Introduction Coimbatore is an inland district in the Tamil Nadu state in India. The amount of municipal solid waste generated in Coimbatore city has been increased dramatically during the [...]

This study is about the low performance of public-school teachers in rural areas: why their students are not energizing and passionate about their study. In rural areas teachers are not interested to overcome their difficulties which they are faced during teaching and learning process. A descriptive approach was applied to this study in which qualitative data was collected and analyzed to address the research problems. For this study, data was collected through interviews. Interviews were conducted with the head teachers, school teachers, and students of a selected sample. These interviews were transcribed after translating in English from local language (Urdu), then researcher manually analysed these interviews with the help of thematic analysis. This step was providing information in the form of theme like teacher’s commitment with their job, motivation, teaching methods, infrastructural and learning problems of students in explanatory form. Fidelity, loyalty, truthfulness, devotedness, and trustworthiness are all essential attributes for a teacher. They will be adored by both himself and his career if they have all of these features. According to the findings of this study, most teachers in rural areas are not regular in their routines, and most teachers are not considered as worshipful to their profession. Some teachers are quite old, and they have no idea how to use technology because the majority of people in rural regions are ignorant, and they are unwilling to adapt because they do not want to leave their comfort zone. Building problems are quite common in remote government schools; buildings are not provided in proportion to the number of students, and staffing shortages are also a major issue. Teachers are not assigned to classrooms based on student numbers; instead, one teacher is assigned to each high school class. Because rural government schools have a minimal number of teachers, one for each class, this rule is proven to be incorrect. There is a scarcity of science professors. A teacher manages primary and middle school, but high school has 80 students in one class. A teacher has the power to control a large group of students, yet instructing and keeping their attention is difficult. This is how the effectiveness of a teacher is determined. There is a teacher shortage throughout the area. If a teacher comes here, she is fired right away, stating that she is unable to work here because of the lack of facilities. The majority of village students' parents are illiterate; they want to educate their children, but they can't help them with reading because they can't afford to send them to an academy. The main limitation of the study was small. One government girl’s high school and one government boys high school bara ghar in district Nankana sahib. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper analyzes the narrative representation of the aftermath of the 1947 Indo-Pakistan partition with special reference to the nature of communal cooperation and violence in Khushwant Singh's novel Train to Pakistan. The Mano Majra community represents the shift in multiple ethnic groups' relations with each other before and after the partition. Using Jean Luc Nancy's concept of inoperative community and Benedict Anderson's concept of nation as an imagined community, this paper studies pre-partition community as presented by Singh as in-operative (Nancy's definition) which in the imminent wake of partition becomes imagi-nation (elaborating upon Anderson's concept of imagined community). This claim is substantiated by discussing how the village residents celebrate unity in diversity before partition but get enflamed in the chaotic indoctrination of nationalism. However, in the new state, love of Jugga and Nooran which unflinchingly resists communal distancing is the only relic of Nancy's inoperative community. The study concludes that the spirit of nationalism is powerful enough to create an imagined community at the cost of sacrificing previously existing inoperative communities but individual commitments and ethics can survive even under the umbrella of grand political narratives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper presents a postcolonial critique of Nadeem Aslam's navel The Wasted Vigil by deconstructing the text as 'a reaffirmation of the colonial discourse' in postcolonial times. The traces of colonial discourse in the text have been highlighted and deconstructed based on the major cannons of postcolonial theory as presented by Edward Said, Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak and Homi K Bhabha. Aslam, as a diaspora writer, seems to be reaffirming the notions of cultural hybridity and reinforces the limitations of diaspora literature due to its inability to empathize across the boundaries of cultural and ethnic differences. The possibilities of peaceful cultural co-existence, as presented in the novel, seem to be the writer's imagined perspective. Through a partial representation of colonization and imperialism, Aslam's discourse seems to have atilt towardsthe Western canonical misrepresentative discourses about Islam as manifested in the practices of Taliban. Instead of restoring the prestige of aboriginal culture that should be celebrated in a postcolonial society, Aslam seems to be constructing a discourse that celebrates the third space of ambivalent hybridity. However, the hybridity presented remains elusive as all characters coming from different cultures and nationalities seem caught in an endless exile which further widens the gap between civilizations. The novel develops a perspective that does not seem to reinforce a postcolonial discourse, ratherreaffirms the otherness and marginality of local inhabitants by bringing the Western characters to the centre as sources of reconstruction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Spinel ferrites have caught the attraction of researchers in the modern world. In this work, the spinel ferrites having formula Co0.3Cd0.7Zn1.5xFe2−xO4 (x = 0.0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5) were prepared by Microemulsion method. Through XRD analysis, it was confirmed that all the samples were spinel ferrites. Crystallite size was found in the range of 9–17 nm, which was later on confirmed by SEM and EDX. Lattice parameter showed increasing trend which was due to larger ionic radii of Zn2+ as compared to Fe3+. Impedance analyzer disclosed the electrical properties of prepared samples. Real and imaginary part of dielectric constant, impedance and modulus was determined with applied frequency range from 1 MHz to 3 GHz. The detailed electrical investigations were investigated in the frequency range of 100–3 GHz. Real and imaginary parts of impedance Z′ and Z″ in the above frequency and substitution case suggested the existence of one relaxation regime which corresponds to grains which was totally different from its counterpart of bulks and has strong correlation with other ferrites. Real and imaginary part electrical modulus M′ and M″ further showed the grains effect with increasing zinc substitution under the suppression of electrode polarization. A non-Debye relaxation behavior and the frequency-dependent conductivity were observed in dielectric spectra, which was also consistent with the results of AC conductivity spectra. Dielectric constant and dielectric loss showed a decreasing trend with increasing frequency and same was that with tangent loss. AC conductivity increased with increasing the frequency. Cole–Cole graph was plotted between M′ and M″ which confirmed the effect of only grains. Excellent dielectric properties suggest that these prepared nanoparticles are good for high-frequency device applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]