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16 results on '"Parvaz, Parviz"'

8. Hepatology

Author

Lobato, Cirley, Tavares-Neto, José, Leite, Márcio Rios, Trepo, Christian, Vitvitski, Ludmila, Parvaz, Parviz, Zoulim, Fabien, D'Oliveira Junior, Argemiro, and Paraná, Raymundo

Abstract

RESTRITO Submitted by Santiago Fabio (fabio.ssantiago@hotmail.com) on 2012-07-31T20:03:21Z No. of bitstreams: 1 IIII.pdf: 83975 bytes, checksum: bb96a9d09d3d1c3f1d3c0a3ce09b1669 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2012-07-31T20:03:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 IIII.pdf: 83975 bytes, checksum: bb96a9d09d3d1c3f1d3c0a3ce09b1669 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006 Background: Hepatitis B is endemic in the Amazon region. Methods: Serological markers for hepatitis B virus (HBV) were determined in 266 household members for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)-positive women (G1) and 395 household members for HBsAg-negative women (G2), randomly selected in Acre State Women’s Medical Care Program, in order to evaluate the prevalence of HBV in this population. Before blood sample collection an epidemiological questionnaire was applied. Results: The overall prevalence of HBV carriers (HBsAg) and exposed individuals (anti-HBc, IgG) was, respectively, 21.1% and 60.5% in G1 and 2.8% and 27.4% in G2 ( P < 0.0000001). The frequency of HBsAg was higher among siblings from group G1 (75%) compared to the absence of any HBsAg-positive sibling in G2 ( P < 0.00006). The HBV markers in other family members was as follows: G1 parents, 27.3% vs 4.5% ( P < 0.03), sexual partners, 21.1% vs 2.5% ( P < 0.04), and offspring, 10.4% vs 1.5% ( P < 0.04). A low prevalence of HBsAg and anti-HBc (IgG) was observed for the last offspring of G2 mothers compared to the high prevalence among children of G1 mothers (0% vs 18.2%, P < 0.01 and 2.3% vs 59.1%, P < 0.0000005, respectively), with children younger than 1 year being the most affected. The frequency of the habit of sharing toothbrushes and the presence of at least one HBsAg carrier were higher in G1 than in G2 ( P < 0.0001 and P < 0.000002), respectively. Genotypes A, D and G were found to be predominant by Innolipa test. There were cases that reacted to more than one genotype. Conclusion: Intrafamilial transmission of HBV is evident in the present study and is possibly associated with the presence of more than one HBV carrier in the family and the shared use of toothbrushes among household contacts. Genotype analysis confirms intrafamilial transmission. Salvador

Published
2006
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9. Longitudinal Assessment of Histology Surrogate Markers (FibroTest-ActiTest) During Lamivudine Therapy in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis B Infection

Author

Poynard, Thierry, primary, Zoulim, Fabien, additional, Ratziu, Vlad, additional, Degos, Francoise, additional, Imbert-Bismut, Francoise, additional, Deny, Paul, additional, Landais, Paul, additional, El Hasnaoui, Abdelkader, additional, Slama, Alain, additional, Blin, Patrick, additional, Thibault, Vincent, additional, Parvaz, Parviz, additional, Munteanu, Mona, additional, and Trepo, Christian, additional

Published
2005
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16. [Study of the antiviral mechanism of action of ribavirin in the bovine viral diarrhea virus model].

Author

Escuret V, Parvaz P, Hantz O, Petit MA, Trepo C, and Zoulim F

Subjects
Animals, Base Sequence, Cattle, Cell Line, Diarrhea Viruses, Bovine Viral genetics, Diarrhea Viruses, Bovine Viral growth & development, Genotype, Hepacivirus drug effects, Molecular Sequence Data, RNA, Viral analysis, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, Ribavirin administration & dosage, Sequence Alignment, Sequence Analysis, Virus Replication drug effects, Antiviral Agents pharmacology, Diarrhea Viruses, Bovine Viral drug effects, Models, Biological, Ribavirin pharmacology
Abstract

Aim: Due to the absence of a cell culture model for HCV, this study evaluated the hypothesis of lethal mutagenic activity of the guanosin analogue ribavirin in HCV, using the BVDV model., Methods: First the capacity of ribavirin to inhibit BVDV replication in cell culture was studied. We then amplified by RT-PCR the 5'NTR and NS5B regions of BVDV in the supernatants of BVDV-infected cell cultures treated with increasing concentrations of ribavirin. The PCR products were then sequenced to detect potential mutations., Results: At a phenotypic level, the inhibition of BVDV replication by ribavirin was most potent when ribavirin was administered soon after BVDV inoculation. These results show a direct antiviral effect of ribavirin on BVDV at an early stage of the viral cycle. At a genotypic level, ribavirin decreased viral RNA levels., Conclusion: This study shows that ribavirin directly inhibits BVDV replication. These results could explain the synergistic effect of ribavirin and IFN in combined therapy in chronic carriers of HCV. This effect must be confirmed with subgenomic replicons of HCV.

Published
2002

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