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Mycoplasma species are ubiquitous and cause both primary and secondary infections in swine. Most of these Mycoplasma species are fastidious and require stringent growth requirements. Molecular detection and differentiation of these Mycoplasma species directly from field samples have greater diagnostic value. A total of 57 porcine tissue samples collected from different regions of Tamil Nadu suspected of respiratory tract infections were screened with a PCR assay targeting the 16SrRNA gene of Mycoplasma and a multiplex PCR to identify and differentiate M. hyopneumonia, M. focculare, and M. hyorhinis infections. The PCR-based screening with 16SrRNA genus-specific primer confirmed Mycoplasma infection in four (7%) of the 57 samples screened with a specific amplicon of 717 bp. Multiplex PCR analysis of all 57 samples showed a similar positivity rate of 7% (n=4), demonstrating the presence of three 1129 bp and one 754 bp amplicons specific to M. hyorhinis and M. flocculare genome respectively in pneumonic lesions of swine from Tamil Nadu. The specificity of the M. hyorhinis genome was further confirmed by sequencing and BLAST analysis. A BLAST homology search revealed 99% sequence identity with European Mycoplasma isolates. Phylogenetic analysis in MEGA X, through the Maximum Likelihood tree (MLT) method revealed specific clustering along with M. hyorhinis species. The assembled partial contig sequence M. hyorhinis was deposited in the GenBank database under the accession number MW822751.

Porcine circovirus 2 (PCV2) is the emerging viral pathogen in the swine associated with multi-systemic clinical and subclinical outcomes. This study aimed to detect the molecular and serological prevalence of PCV2 infection in the southern states of India. A total of 434 random samples comprising serum (n=273), pooled postmortem tissues (n=109) and rectal, vaginal, and nasal swabs (n=52) and were collected from PCV2 suspected and healthy swine populations of Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, and Puducherry states in India from 2019 to 2021 were screened for PCV2 by specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay. Of 434 samples screened, 12.2% (n=53) showed positivity to PCV2 genome. Statistical analysis of the molecular prevalence of PCV2 within breed, age, sex, and vaccination status revealed no significant (p>0.05) difference but there was a significant (p

In this work, indium silicon oxide (ISO) active channel layers were deposited at room temperature using radio frequency (RF) magnetron sputtering. Aluminium oxide (Al2O3), deposited via atomic layer deposition (ALD) over a p-type crystalline (100) silicon (p-Si) substrate, served as the dielectric and gate electrode respectively, for the construction of thin-film transistors (TFTs). A molybdenum (Mo) metal contact was deposited as the source and drain using RF sputtering at room temperature. The maskless photolithography process was employed for patterning the active channel layer and source/drain contacts with various channel widths (W) and lengths (L). The average capacitance per unit area (Ci) and the dielectric constant (κ) of the Mo/Al2O3/p-Si metal–insulator-semiconductor (MIS) structure were calculated to be 56.05 nF/cm2 and 6.33, respectively. The ISO TFT, post-annealed at 200 °C, with a length (L) of 100 µm and a width (W) of 200 µm, exhibited a saturation mobility (µsat) of 20.24 cm2/V·s, an on–off drain current ratio (ION/IOFF) of 1 × 10⁹, a turn-on voltage (VON) of − 2 V, and a sub-threshold swing (SS) of 0.52 V/dec. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Technological advances have accelerated the pursuit of transparent conducting thin films (TCFs) with superior mechanical properties, durability, efficient optoelectrical performance and substrate compatibility as a pivotal focus in the realm of flexible transparent electronics. Against this background, this work investigates the fabrication of multilayer silver nanowire (AgNW) thin films reinforced by zinc tin oxide (ZTO) thin film encapsulation on polycarbonate substrates by a combination of sputtering and spin-coating techniques. An investigation of the influence of AgNW percolation networks on the optoelectrical properties of ZTO/AgNW/ZTO hybrid thin films was carried out. The impact of ZTO protective layers on the enhancement of electrical properties, adhesivity, flexibility and environmental stability of the multilayer TCF was elucidated. Additionally, to explore the compatibility of the fabricated TCF in integrated device and stealth applications, its electromagnetic interference shielding properties were investigated. The hybrid TCF showed 99.47% EMI shielding efficiency with an absorption-dominant EMI shielding effectiveness of 22.7 dB in the x-band region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]