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Market of alcoholic beverages is developing dynamically in the world. This analysis was carried out on the basis of the data of the Republic of Armenia, taking into account the fact that Armenia has thousands of years of history and traditions in this field. The article considers the issues of alcoholic beverage market of the Republic of Armenia, dynamics of the economic indicators of alcoholic beverages produced and exported in Armenia at comparable prices. The applicability and relevance of the Python programming language were analyzed in order to identify the relationship between the indicators. The tendencies and trends of production, export and import of alcoholic beverages in RA were presented. By calculating the correlation coefficient, the relationship between the production and export volumes of alcoholic beverages of RA in 2017-2021 was studied. Using the basic tools of the Python programming language, a number of calculations and conclusions were made. All codes required for the calculation of correlation coefficient were also introduced, and by simply copying them into the appropriate program, it will be possible to conduct similar calculations. Moreover, this model is applicable not only in Economics, but also in other fields where there are factor and result indicators.

Background. By 2020, breast cancer (BC) has become the most frequent malignancy in the world. The most common type of BC is HR+/HER2-negative cancer,2540% of which harbors PIK3CA mutations that affect the catalytic subunit of the PI3K protein. PIK3CA alterations are actionable, as such neoplasms can be treated with a combination of fulvestrant and the PI3K inhibitor alpelisib. As PIK3CA mutations have an extremely versatile effect on the characteristics of a tumor cell, numerous associations of PIK3CA mutations and various clinico-pathological characteristics of BC can be traced. Aim. Our aim was to clarify the information on the frequency and spectrum of PIK3CA mutations in Russian patients with HR+/HER2- advanced BC, and to study the association of PIK3CA mutations with clinical and pathological parameters of BC. Materials and methods. Tissue samples from 694 patients with HR+/HER2- advanced BC (mixed population of primary metastatic and relapsed tumors) who received any line of anti-cancer treatment in Dec 2020 to June 2021 in Russian Federation were analyzed by high-resolution melting, allele-specific PCR, digital droplet PCR and Sanger sequencing (exons 7,9, and 20 of the PIK3CA gene). Mutation rates in different BC subgroups were compared using the Fishers exact test. The age at diagnosis in patients with different PIK3CA status was compared using the MannWhitney U-test. The relationship between the PIK3CA status and the degree of tumor differentiation was compared using the CochraneArmitage test for trends. Luminal A and B BC expression subtypes were distinguished with surrogate IHC markers according to St.-Gallen recommendations (2013). Results. Mutations were identified in 220/694 (32%) BC patients. The three most frequent missense substitutions in the PIK3CA gene (p.E542K, p.E545K, and p.H1047R) accounted for 190/220 (86%) mutations. Associations of PIK3CA mutations with luminal A subtype of BC, low proliferation index, small size of the primary tumor, and absence of signs of hereditary cancer were revealed. Associations of mutations in the kinase domain of PIK3CA (p.H1047R) with late recurrence of locally advanced BC and with non-Slavic ethnic origin of patients were found. Conclusion. PIK3CA mutation rate of 32% confirms high prevalence of mutation in Russian population, with some differences reflecting the ethnic origin of patients.

The paper analyzes the current state of the RA electricity market and presents the legislative regulation of the sector, as well as the main provisions of the tariff policy in the RA electricity system. Most of the reactive energy producing and supplying power plants do not keep separate accounting of costs, which would allow for accurately calculating the amounts of the consumption fee or tariff for reactive energy. Therefore, it is necessary to implement corresponding changes in the legislative field regulating the energy sector, which would settle the issues of classification, rationing, accounting, and reporting of costs incurred on the production of reactive energy.

The article discusses tobacco cultivation and cigarette production sector as a traditional and developing branch of the RA economy. The entrepreneurial activities of cigarette producing organizations in the RA have been introduced and emphasized. The production and export indices of cigarette manufacturing companies have been studied, the exported and imported ratios of cigarettes have been collated and increasing - declining trends have been determined. Besides, cigarette market capacity and self-sufficiency rate has been estimated through specific methodology.

Development of novel multimodality radiotherapy treatments in metastatic breast cancer, especially in the most aggressive triple negative (TNBC) subtype, is of significant clinical interest. Here we show that a novel inhibitor of Polo-Like Kinase 4 (PLK4), CFI-400945, in combination with radiation, exhibits a synergistic anti-cancer effect in TNBC cell lines and patient-derived organoids in vitro and leads to a significant increase in survival to tumor endpoint in xenograft models in vivo, compared to control or single-agent treatment. Further preclinical and proof-of-concept clinical studies are warranted to characterize molecular mechanisms of action of this combination and its potential applications in clinical practice., Highlights • PLK4 inhibitor CFI-400945, combined with radiation, shows synergistic antiproliferative activity in immortalized breast cancer cell lines. • CFI-400945 in combination with radiation shows synergistic antiproliferative activity in breast cancer patient-derived organoids. • In MDA-MB-231 xenograft mice, CFI-400945 sensitizes to radiation and significantly improves survival to the tumour endpoint.

Breast cancer remains a leading cause of mortality among women worldwide. Brain metastases confer extremely poor prognosis due to a lack of understanding of their specific biology, unique physiologic and anatomic features of the brain, and limited treatment strategies. A major roadblock in advancing the treatment of breast cancer brain metastases (BCBM) is the scarcity of representative experimental preclinical models. Current models are predominantly based on the use of animal xenograft models with immortalized breast cancer cell lines that poorly capture the disease’s heterogeneity. Recent years have witnessed the development of patient-derived in vitro and in vivo breast cancer culturing systems that more closely recapitulate the biology from individual patients. These advances led to the development of modern patient-tissue-based experimental models for BCBM. The success of preclinical models is also based on the imaging technologies used to detect metastases. Advances in animal brain imaging, including cellular MRI and multimodality imaging, allow sensitive and specific detection of brain metastases and monitoring treatment responses. These imaging technologies, together with novel translational breast cancer models based on patient-derived cancer tissues, represent a unique opportunity to advance our understanding of brain metastases biology and develop novel treatment approaches. This review discusses the state-of-the-art knowledge in preclinical models of this disease.

Objective: comparative evaluation of treatment methods for neoadjuvant intra-arterial chemotherapy and chemoembolization by drug-saturated microspheres followed by surgical treatment in II–IVa stages cervical cancer.Materials and methods. This study presents the results of complex treatment in 209 patients (average age – 40.57 ± 8 years) with II– IVa stages cervical cancer and 384 endovascular interventions as the first stage of complex treatment in the period from 2010 to 2016. The scheme neoadjuvant intra-arterial chemotherapy was carboplatin (AUC6 intra-arterial) + irinotecan (200 mg/m2 intravenously on day 1) every 21 days. Radical surgical treatment was performed basically after 2 cycles of chemotherapy. Patients who did not respond sufficiently to neoadjuvant intra-arterial chemotherapy underwent a radical course of chemoradiation therapy according to the standard scheme.Results. The overall response to neoadjuvant intra-arterial chemotherapy was 84.8 % and 79 % of patients in groups of chemoinfusion and trans-arterial chemoembolization, respectively (p >0.05). Operability was higher in group of chemoinfusion (69 % versus 46.4 %) (p Conclusions. Neoadjuvant intra-arterial chemoinfusion and chemoembolization using irinotecan + carboplatin scheme are relatively safe treatment methods with acceptable toxicity and have a high cytotoxic effect. Patients in chemoinfusion group have a better prognosis compared with patients in chemoembolization group. Selective chemoembolization with subsequent surgical treatment or radiation therapy may be the treatment of choice for stage II cervical cancer complicated by bleeding.

In the past few years, there has been a gain in the prevalence of hyperplastic processes of the reproductive system in women, among which atypical endometrial hyperplasia (AEH) occupies a special place. Such peculiarities of the clinical manifestation of this disease as the high prevalence, relapsing course, reduced reproductive function and high risk of malignancy reflect the urgency of the problem of prevention and increasing the effectiveness of treatment of endometrial hyperplastic processes. The purpose of the study is to analyze the data presented in modern literature on the tactics of management and treatment of AEH patients. Different tactics of management of AHE patients with effective methods of treating these patients are considered. Hysteroresectoscopy of hyperplastic areas before high-dose progestin therapy has been established to be a safe and highly effective approach to the management and treatment of AEH patients wanted to maintain their fertility. However, organ-preserving treatment must necessarily be accompanied by careful dynamic observation by the gynecologist or oncogynecologist. The optimal method of treating patients in pre- and postmenopausal disease is radical surgical treatment in the amount of extirpation of the uterus with appendages, which should be considered justified for this category of patients.