Search

We define what it means for an equation to be graph-regular, extending the idea of partition- regular equations to a graph setting. An equation is graph -regular if it always has monochromatic solutions under edge-colorings of K/N. We find an infinite family of graph -regular equations, and present two Rado-like conditions which are respectively necessary and sufficient for an equation to be graph-regular. In the process, we prove a Ramsey-like theorem for binary and k-ary trees which may be of independent interest. We also look at a stronger version of Ramsey's theorem from Paris and Harrington, and show a counterexample to the analogous version of van der Waerden's theorem

Objective Rare genetic disorders resulting in prenatal or neonatal death are genetically heterogeneous, but testing is often limited by the availability of fetal DNA, leaving couples without a potential prenatal test for future pregnancies. We describe our novel strategy of exome sequencing parental DNA samples to diagnose recessive monogenic disorders in an audit of the first 50 couples referred. Method Exome sequencing was carried out in a consecutive series of 50 couples who had 1 or more pregnancies affected with a lethal or prenatal‐onset disorder. In all cases, there was insufficient DNA for exome sequencing of the affected fetus. Heterozygous rare variants (MAF, What's already known about this topic? Exome sequencing is used routinely for postnatal diagnosis of rare disorders with a diagnostic yield of 20 to 40%.Insufficient quantity or quality of DNA restricts the use of exome sequencing for diagnosing lethal fetal disorders.Couples are counselled for a likely 25% recurrence risk, but without a genetic diagnosis, no molecular prenatal test is possible.A parental exome sequencing strategy has been applied successfully in a small number of couples. What does this study add? We show that exome sequencing of parental DNA samples is an effective way to diagnose lethal or prenatal‐onset disorders with a diagnostic yield of 52% in an audit of 50 consecutive cases.Testing can be carried out in the prenatal period to guide management of an ongoing pregnancy or for use in subsequent pregnancies to allow couples the option of a prenatal or preimplantation genetic test.

Reservoir_B7 is one of the top reservoirs in Adobe field and was considered for further development in a multi-year drilling campaign. The initial opportunity identification and new drill forecasts for this reservoir were done using an old simulation model. Over the years, the challenge with this model had been the prediction water production from existing producers which necessitated the introduction of local permeability barriers in the model. However, to validate this opportunity and ensure reliability of production forecasts, a new simulation study was commissioned. A systematic approach was employed during the new study which involved continuous engagement between Earth Modeler and Simulation Engineer. This led to identification of a low-quality facies which had not been properly characterized. Recharacterization of these facies led to an improvement in history match with an overall good pressure and saturation matches on both well-by-well and reservoir levels. The latest history matched model was used to validate the proposed opportunity and indicated a sub-economic incremental recovery. This led to elimination of hitherto top opportunity from the drilling program and preventing a bad investment by the company.

Insulin gene (INS) mutations have recently been described as a cause of permanent neonatal diabetes (PND). We aimed to determine the prevalence, genetics, and clinical phenotype of INS mutations in large cohorts of patients with neonatal diabetes and permanent diabetes diagnosed in infancy, childhood, or adulthood.The INS gene was sequenced in 285 patients with diabetes diagnosed before 2 years of age, 296 probands with maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY), and 463 patients with young-onset type 2 diabetes (nonobese, diagnosed45 years). None had a molecular genetic diagnosis of monogenic diabetes.We identified heterozygous INS mutations in 33 of 141 probands diagnosed at6 months, 2 of 86 between 6 and 12 months, and none of 58 between 12 and 24 months of age. Three known mutations (A24D, F48C, and R89C) account for 46% of cases. There were six novel mutations: H29D, L35P, G84R, C96S, S101C, and Y103C. INS mutation carriers were all insulin treated from diagnosis and were diagnosed later than ATP-sensitive K(+) channel mutation carriers (11 vs. 8 weeks, P0.01). In 279 patients with PND, the frequency of KCNJ11, ABCC8, and INS gene mutations was 31, 10, and 12%, respectively. A heterozygous R6C mutation cosegregated with diabetes in a MODY family and is probably pathogenic, but the L68M substitution identified in a patient with young-onset type 2 diabetes may be a rare nonfunctional variant.We conclude that INS mutations are the second most common cause of PND and a rare cause of MODY. Insulin gene mutation screening is recommended for all diabetic patients diagnosed before 1 year of age.

This study uses numerical design optimization with advanced metamodeling techniques to investigate the effects of material substitution and dummy models on crashworthiness characteristics of automotive structures. A full-scale Dodge Neon LS-DYNA finite element model is used in all structural analysis and optimization calculations. Optimization is performed using vehicle-based responses for multiple crash scenarios and occupant-based responses for one crash scenario. An AZ31 magnesium alloy is substituted for the baseline steel in twenty-two vehicle parts. Five base metamodels and an Optimized Ensemble metamodel are used to develop global surrogate models of crash-induced responses. Magnesium alloy is found to maintain or improve vehicle crashworthiness with an approximate 50% reduction in selected part mass using vehicle-based responses while dummy-based designs show less percentage decrease in weight. Vehicle-based responses selected to approximate dummy injury metrics do not show the same relative change compared to dummy-based responses.