39 results on '"Parrino, C."'
Search Results
2. Laparoscopic staging of apparent early stage ovarian cancer: Results of a large, retrospective, multi-institutional series
- Author
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Gallotta, V., Ghezzi, F., Vizza, E., Chiantera, V., Ceccaroni, M., Franchi, M., Fagotti, A., Ercoli, A., Fanfani, F., Parrino, C., Uccella, S., Corrado, G., Scambia, G., and Ferrandina, G.
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Adiponectin increases glucose-induced insulin secretion through the activation of lipid oxidation
- Author
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Patané, G., Caporarello, N., Marchetti, P., Parrino, C., Sudano, D., Marselli, L., Vigneri, R., and Frittitta, L.
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. ADVERSE REACTIONS IN 106,082 BLOOD DONATIONS: P-184
- Author
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Garozzo, G., Morando, L., Furnaro, C., Accardo, M., Campo, B., Cascone, M., Parrino, C., Savasta, G., Vitale, L., Bennardello, F., and Bonomo, P.
- Published
- 2009
5. ADVERSE EVENTS OF BLOOD DONATION IN 2386 FIRST DONORS: P-185
- Author
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Garozzo, G., Morando, L., Furnaro, C., Accardo, M., Campo, B., Cascone, M., Parrino, C., Savasta, G., Vitale, L., Bonomo, P., and Bennardello, F.
- Published
- 2009
6. Effect of the Intravenous Anesthetic 2,6-Diisopropylphenol on Respiration and Energy Production by Rat Brain Synaptosomes
- Author
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Marian, M., Parrino, C., Leo, A. M., Vincenti, E., Bindoli, A., and Scutari, G.
- Published
- 1997
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. E. Coli infection impairs insulin secretion through a Pla2-dependent mechanism
- Author
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Salmeri, Mario, Caporarello, N., Anfuso, CARMELINA DANIELA, Scalia, M., Motta, C., Parrino, C., Frittitta, Lucia, Olivieri, M., Toscano, Maria Antonietta, and Lupo, Gabriella
- Published
- 2015
8. Effetti di un ceppo di Staphylococcus aureus meticillino resistente sulla cellula beta pancreatica
- Author
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Caporarello, N, Parrino, C, Motta, C, Genovese, C, Amodeo, A, Salmeri, M, Lupo, G, and Frittitta, L
- Published
- 2014
9. Role of cytosolic and calcium independent phospholipases A2 in insulin secretion impairment of INS‐1E cells infected by S. aureus
- Author
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Caporarello, N., primary, Salmeri, M., additional, Scalia, M., additional, Motta, C., additional, Parrino, C., additional, Frittitta, L., additional, Olivieri, M., additional, Toscano, M.A., additional, Anfuso, C.D., additional, and Lupo, G., additional
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. The antiapoptotic effect of GLP-1 is blunted in pancreatic beta cell carrying teh Q121 variant of ENPP1 gene
- Author
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Caporarello, N, Parrino, C, Stancampiano, Mr, Vigenri, R, and Frittitta, Lucia
- Published
- 2013
11. ENPP1 Influences the Effect of GLP-1 on Insulin Secretion, Proliferation and Apoptosis of INS-1E Pancreatic Beta Cells
- Author
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Caporarello, N, Parrino, C, Stancampiano, M. R., Vigneri, R, and Frittitta, Lucia
- Published
- 2013
12. Very Morbidly Obese Patients have a High Prevalence of Glucose Homeostasis Abnormalities
- Author
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Baratta, R, Vinciguerra, F, Farina, Mg, Parrino, C, Tita, P, Padova, G, Vigneri, R, and Frittitta, Lucia
- Published
- 2012
13. prevalence of overweight and obesity in sicilian children: trend from 2000 to 2010
- Author
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Parrino, C, Rossetti, P, La Spina, N, Drago, A, Baratta, R, Vigneri, R, and Frittitta, Lucia
- Published
- 2011
14. Trischitta V, Frittitta L. ENPP1 Affects Insulin Action and Secretion: Evidences from In Vitro Studies
- Author
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Di Paola R, Caporarello N, Marucci A, Dimatteo C, Iadicicco C, Del Guerra S, Prudente S, Sudano D, Miele C, Parrino C, Piro S, Beguinot F, Marchetti P, Trischitta V, and Frittitta L.
- Subjects
endocrine system ,endocrine system diseases - Abstract
The aim of this study was to deeper investigate the mechanisms through which ENPP1, a negative modulator of insulin receptor (IR) activation, plays a role on insulin signaling, insulin secretion and eventually glucose metabolism. ENPP1 cDNA (carrying either K121 or Q121 variant) was transfected in HepG2 liver-, L6 skeletal muscle- and INS1E beta-cells. Insulin-induced IR-autophosphorylation (HepG2, L6, INS1E), Akt-Ser(473), ERK1/2-Thr(202)/Tyr(204) and GSK3-beta Ser(9) phosphorylation (HepG2, L6), PEPCK mRNA levels (HepG2) and 2-deoxy-D-glucose uptake (L6) was studied. GLUT 4 mRNA (L6), insulin secretion and caspase-3 activation (INS1E) were also investigated. Insulin-induced IR-autophosphorylation was decreased in HepG2-K, L6-K, INS1E-K (20%, 52% and 11% reduction vs. untransfected cells) and twice as much in HepG2-Q, L6-Q, INS1E-Q (44%, 92% and 30%). Similar data were obtained with Akt-Ser(473), ERK1/2-Thr(202)/Tyr(204) and GSK3-beta Ser(9) in HepG2 and L6. Insulin-induced reduction of PEPCK mRNA was progressively lower in untransfected, HepG2-K and HepG2-Q cells (65%, 54%, 23%). Insulin-induced glucose uptake in untransfected L6 (60% increase over basal), was totally abolished in L6-K and L6-Q cells. GLUT 4 mRNA was slightly reduced in L6-K and twice as much in L6-Q (13% and 25% reduction vs. untransfected cells). Glucose-induced insulin secretion was 60% reduced in INS1E-K and almost abolished in INS1E-Q. Serum deficiency activated caspase-3 by two, three and four folds in untransfected INS1E, INS1E-K and INS1E-Q. Glyburide-induced insulin secretion was reduced by 50% in isolated human islets from homozygous QQ donors as compared to those from KK and KQ individuals. Our data clearly indicate that ENPP1, especially when the Q121 variant is operating, affects insulin signaling and glucose metabolism in skeletal muscle- and liver-cells and both function and survival of insulin secreting beta-cells, thus representing a strong pathogenic factor predisposing to insulin resistance, defective insulin secretion and glucose metabolism abnormalities.
- Published
- 2011
15. Parental, social and behavioral predictors of pediatric overweight and obesity
- Author
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Baratta, R, Rossetti, P, Parrino, C, La Spina, N, Drago, A, Vigneri, R, and Frittitta, Lucia
- Published
- 2011
16. Associazione tra obesità, fattori di rischio ed alterazioni cardiovascolari in bambini e adolescenti obesi
- Author
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Rossetti, P., Alagona, C., Parrino, C., Vinciguerra, F., Nigro, A, Leonardi, D., Maiolo, D., Purrello, Francesco, and Frittitta, Lucia
- Published
- 2010
17. Ruolo di ENPP1 sulla secrezione insulinica in beta-cellule di ratto in coltura
- Author
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Caporarello, N, Piro, Salvatore, Parrino, C, Baratta, R, Vigneri, R, and Frittitta, Lucia
- Published
- 2010
18. Obesità e steatosi epatica non alcolica in età infanto-giovanile
- Author
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Nigro, A, Leonardi, D, Rossetti, P, Maiolo, D, Parrino, C, Russello, M, Vigneri, R, and Frittitta, Lucia
- Published
- 2010
19. Laparoscopic staging of apparent early stage ovarian cancer: results of a large, retrospective, multi-institutional series
- Author
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Gallotta, Valerio, Ghezzi, Fiorenza, Vizza, E, Chiantera, V, Ceccaroni, Marcello, Franchi, M, Fagotti, Anna, Ercoli, Alfredo, Fanfani, Francesco, Parrino, C, Uccella, S, Corrado, Giacomo, Scambia, Giovanni, Ferrandina, Maria Gabriella, Fagotti, Anna (ORCID:0000-0001-5579-335X), Fanfani, Francesco (ORCID:0000-0003-1991-7284), Scambia, Giovanni (ORCID:0000-0003-2758-1063), Ferrandina, Maria Gabriella (ORCID:0000-0003-4672-4197), Gallotta, Valerio, Ghezzi, Fiorenza, Vizza, E, Chiantera, V, Ceccaroni, Marcello, Franchi, M, Fagotti, Anna, Ercoli, Alfredo, Fanfani, Francesco, Parrino, C, Uccella, S, Corrado, Giacomo, Scambia, Giovanni, Ferrandina, Maria Gabriella, Fagotti, Anna (ORCID:0000-0001-5579-335X), Fanfani, Francesco (ORCID:0000-0003-1991-7284), Scambia, Giovanni (ORCID:0000-0003-2758-1063), and Ferrandina, Maria Gabriella (ORCID:0000-0003-4672-4197)
- Abstract
The aim of this study is to analyze the safety, adequacy, perioperative and survival figures in a large series of laparoscopic staging of patients with apparent early stage ovarian malignancies (ESOM).
- Published
- 2014
20. Organ-saving surgery for rectal cancer after neoadjuvant chemoradiation: Analysis of failures and long-term results
- Author
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Maurizio Cosimelli, Pietro Ursi, Valerio De Peppo, Andrea Balla, G. Pattaro, Raffaello Mancini, Chiara Parrino, Pasquale Perri, Gian Luca Grazi, Maria Grazia Diodoro, Cosimelli M., Ursi P., Mancini R., Pattaro G., Perri P., Parrino C., De Peppo V., Diodoro M.G., Balla A., and Grazi G.L.
- Subjects
Local excision ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Colorectal cancer ,medicine.medical_treatment ,macromolecular substances ,NO ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,medicine ,Radical surgery ,neoadjuvant chemoradiation ,rectal cancer ,Mesorectal ,LS7_4 ,Chemotherapy ,transanal local excision ,business.industry ,organ-saving surgery ,General Medicine ,Long term results ,medicine.disease ,Total mesorectal excision ,Surgery ,stomatognathic diseases ,Oncology ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Adenocarcinoma ,030211 gastroenterology & hepatology ,business - Abstract
Background: To analyze long-term results and risk of relapse in the clinical TNM stages II and III, mid-low rectal cancer patients (RC pts), treated with transanal local excision (LE) after major response to neoadjuvant chemoradiation (n-CRT). Methods: Thirty-two out of 345 extraperitoneal cT3–4 or N+ RC pts (9.3%) underwent LE. Inclusion criteria: extraperitoneal RC, adenocarcinoma, ECOG Performance Status ≤2. Pts with distant metastases were excluded. Results: All pts showed histologically clear margins of resection and 81.2% were restaged ypT0/mic/1. Nine out of 32 (28.1%) pts relapsed: 7 (21.8%) showed a local recurrence, of which 5 (15.6%) at the endorectal suture, 1 (3.1%) pelvic and 1 (3.1%) mesorectal. Two pts (6.2%) relapsed distantly. Among the pT0/1, 11.5% relapsed vs 100% of the pT2 and pT4 ones. The six pts relapsing locally or in the mesorectal fat underwent a salvage total mesorectal excision surgery. The old patient with pelvic recurrence relapsed after 108 months and underwent a re-irradiation; the two pts with distant metastases were treated with chemotherapy followed by radical surgery. Conclusions: Presently combined approach seems a valid option in major responders, confirming its potential curative impact in the ypT0/mic/1 pts. A strict selection of pts is basic to obtain favourable results.
- Published
- 2019
21. Addressing the photocatalytic mechanism through TiO2 surface engineering
- Author
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F. Parrino, C. De Pasquale, V. Loddo, L. Palmisano, and F. Parrino, C. De Pasquale, V. Loddo, L. Palmisano
- Subjects
TiO2 ,Settore CHIM/07 - Fondamenti Chimici Delle Tecnologie - Abstract
Addressing the photocatalytic mechanism through TiO2 surface engineering
- Published
- 2018
22. Laparoscopic staging of apparent early stage ovarian cancer: Results of a large, retrospective, multi-institutional series
- Author
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Vito Chiantera, Stefano Uccella, Gabriella Ferrandina, Francesco Fanfani, Marcello Ceccaroni, C. Parrino, Giovanni Scambia, Alfredo Ercoli, M. Franchi, Valerio Gallotta, Enrico Vizza, Anna Fagotti, Fabio Ghezzi, Giacomo Corrado, Gallotta, V., Ghezzi, F., Vizza, E., Chiantera, V., Ceccaroni, M., Franchi, M., Fagotti, A., Ercoli, A., Fanfani, F., Parrino, C., Uccella, S., Corrado, G., Scambia, G., and Ferrandina, G.
- Subjects
Adult ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Adolescent ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Gynecologic oncology ,Young Adult ,Early ovarian cancer ,Laparoscopy ,Ovarian cancer ,Aged ,80 and over ,Child ,Female ,Humans ,Middle Aged ,Neoplasm Staging ,Ovarian Neoplasms ,Prognosis ,Retrospective Studies ,Laparotomy ,medicine ,Aged, 80 and over ,Stage (cooking) ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,Ovarian cancer, Early ovarian cancer, Laparoscopy ,Medicine (all) ,Obstetrics and Gynecology ,Retrospective cohort study ,Perioperative ,medicine.disease ,Surgery ,Serous fluid ,Settore MED/40 - GINECOLOGIA E OSTETRICIA ,Oncology ,business - Abstract
Objective The aim of this study is to analyze the safety, adequacy, perioperative and survival figures in a large series of laparoscopic staging of patients with apparent early stage ovarian malignancies (ESOM). Patients and methods Retrospective data from seven gynecologic oncology service databases were searched for ESOM patients undergoing immediate laparoscopic staging or delayed laparoscopic staging after an incidental diagnosis of ESOM. Between May 2000 and February 2014, 300 patients were selected: 150 had been submitted to immediate laparoscopic staging (Group 1), while 150 had undergone delayed laparoscopic staging (Group 2) of ESOM. All surgical, pathologic, and oncologic outcome data were analyzed in each group and a comparison between the two was carried out. Results Longer operative time, higher blood loss, more frequently spillage/rupture of ovarian capsule and conversion to laparotomy occurred in Group 1. No significant differences of post-operative complications were observed between the two groups. Histological data revealed more frequently serous tumors (0.06), Grade 3 (p=0.0007) and final up-staging (p=0.001) in Group 1. Recurrence and death of disease were documented in 25 (8.3%), and 10 patients (3.3%%), respectively. The 3-year disease free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) rates were 85.1%, and 93.6%, respectively in the whole series. There was no difference between Group 1 and Group 2 in terms of DFS (p value=0.39) and OS (p value=0.27). Conclusion In this very large multi-institutional study, it appears that patients with apparent ESOM can safely undergo laparoscopic surgical management.
- Published
- 2014
23. ENPP1 affects insulin action and secretion: evidences from in vitro studies
- Author
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Claudia Miele, Lucia Frittitta, Dora Sudano, Nunzia Caporarello, Claudia Dimatteo, Vincenzo Trischitta, Antonella Marucci, Francesco Beguinot, Salvatore Piro, Sabrina Prudente, Cristina Parrino, Piero Marchetti, Silvia Del Guerra, Claudia Iadicicco, Rosa Di Paola, Di Paola, R., Caporarello, N., Marucci, A., Dimatteo, C., Iadicicco, Claudia, Del Guerra, S., Prudente, S., Sudano, D., Miele, C., Parrino, C., Piro, S., Beguinot, Francesco, Marchetti, P., Trischitta, V., and Frittitta, L.
- Subjects
endocrine system diseases ,Glucose uptake ,medicine.medical_treatment ,lcsh:Medicine ,Cardiovascular ,0302 clinical medicine ,Endocrinology ,Insulin Signaling Cascade ,Molecular Cell Biology ,Glyburide ,Insulin Secretion ,Insulin ,Phosphorylation ,Pyrophosphatases ,lcsh:Science ,0303 health sciences ,Multidisciplinary ,Hep G2 Cells ,Signaling Cascades ,Insulin oscillation ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Medicine ,Research Article ,Signal Transduction ,medicine.medical_specialty ,endocrine system ,Genotype ,030209 endocrinology & metabolism ,Carbohydrate metabolism ,Biology ,In Vitro Techniques ,Cell Line ,03 medical and health sciences ,Islets of Langerhans ,Insulin resistance ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Hypoglycemic Agents ,030304 developmental biology ,Diabetic Endocrinology ,Polymorphism, Genetic ,Phosphoric Diester Hydrolases ,lcsh:R ,Skeletal muscle ,Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 ,medicine.disease ,Insulin receptor ,Glucose ,Basal (medicine) ,biology.protein ,lcsh:Q - Abstract
The aim of this study was to deeper investigate the mechanisms through which ENPP1, a negative modulator of insulin receptor (IR) activation, plays a role on insulin signaling, insulin secretion and eventually glucose metabolism. ENPP1 cDNA (carrying either K121 or Q121 variant) was transfected in HepG2 liver-, L6 skeletal muscle- and INS1E beta-cells. Insulin-induced IR-autophosphorylation (HepG2, L6, INS1E), Akt-Ser(473), ERK1/2-Thr(202)/Tyr(204) and GSK3-beta Ser(9) phosphorylation (HepG2, L6), PEPCK mRNA levels (HepG2) and 2-deoxy-D-glucose uptake (L6) was studied. GLUT 4 mRNA (L6), insulin secretion and caspase-3 activation (INS1E) were also investigated. Insulin-induced IR-autophosphorylation was decreased in HepG2-K, L6-K, INS1E-K (20%, 52% and 11% reduction vs. untransfected cells) and twice as much in HepG2-Q, L6-Q, INS1E-Q (44%, 92% and 30%). Similar data were obtained with Akt-Ser(473), ERK1/2-Thr(202)/Tyr(204) and GSK3-beta Ser(9) in HepG2 and L6. Insulin-induced reduction of PEPCK mRNA was progressively lower in untransfected, HepG2-K and HepG2-Q cells (65%, 54%, 23%). Insulin-induced glucose uptake in untransfected L6 (60% increase over basal), was totally abolished in L6-K and L6-Q cells. GLUT 4 mRNA was slightly reduced in L6-K and twice as much in L6-Q (13% and 25% reduction vs. untransfected cells). Glucose-induced insulin secretion was 60% reduced in INS1E-K and almost abolished in INS1E-Q. Serum deficiency activated caspase-3 by two, three and four folds in untransfected INS1E, INS1E-K and INS1E-Q. Glyburide-induced insulin secretion was reduced by 50% in isolated human islets from homozygous QQ donors as compared to those from KK and KQ individuals. Our data clearly indicate that ENPP1, especially when the Q121 variant is operating, affects insulin signaling and glucose metabolism in skeletal muscle- and liver-cells and both function and survival of insulin secreting beta-cells, thus representing a strong pathogenic factor predisposing to insulin resistance, defective insulin secretion and glucose metabolism abnormalities.
- Published
- 2011
24. Aeromedical Transport for Critically Ill Patients.
- Author
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Parrino C and Galvagno SM Jr
- Subjects
- Humans, Transportation of Patients standards, Transportation of Patients organization & administration, Emergency Medical Services methods, Emergency Medical Services standards, Triage, Air Ambulances, Critical Illness therapy
- Abstract
Aeromedical transport (AMT) is an integral part of healthcare systems worldwide. In this article, the personnel and equipment required, associated safety considerations, and evidence supporting the use of AMT is reviewed, with an emphasis on helicopter emergency medical services (HEMS). Indications for HEMS as guideded by the Air Medical Prehospital Triage Score are presented. Lastly, physiologic considerations, which are important to both AMT crews and receiving clinicians, are reviewed., Competing Interests: Disclosure The authors have nothing to disclose., (Published by Elsevier Inc.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. Effects of a single bolus of hydroxocobalamin on hemodynamics in vasodilatory shock.
- Author
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Ritter LA, Maldarelli M, McCurdy MT, Yamane DP, Davison D, Parrino C, Yim DN, Lee M, Mazzeffi MA, and Chow JH
- Subjects
- Adult, Blood Pressure, Hemodynamics, Humans, Retrospective Studies, Hydroxocobalamin pharmacology, Hydroxocobalamin therapeutic use, Hypotension drug therapy
- Abstract
Purpose: Hydroxocobalamin has been observed to cause transient hypertension in healthy subjects, but rigorous studies examining its efficacy are lacking., Materials and Methods: Adults in shock who received hydroxocobalamin from 2017 to 2021 were analyzed retrospectively. Hourly hemodynamics from 24 h before and after treatment were collected, and the difference and hourly change of mean arterial pressure (MAP), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and norepinephrine-equivalent dose (NED) were examined in mixed-effects models., Results: This study included 3992 hemodynamic data points from 35 patients and is the largest case series to date. In the mixed effects model, there was no difference in MAP 24-h after hydroxocobalamin administration (estimated fixed effect [EFE] -0.2 mmHg, p = 0.89). A two-piecewise mixed model found that the hourly change in MAP was not different from zero in either the pre-administration (EFE 0.0 mmHg/h, p = 0.80) or post-administration segments (EFE 0.0 mmHg/h, p = 0.55). Analysis of the SBP, DBP, and NED also found similar insignificant results., Conclusions: Although hydroxocobalamin has been observed to cause hypertension in healthy subjects, our results suggest that in patients with shock, hydroxocobalamin may not be effective in improving hemodynamics at 24 h after administration., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest MTM formerly served on the Speaker's Bureau for La Jolla Pharmaceutical Company, the manufacturer for Angiotensin II. JHC serves on the Speaker's Bureau for La Jolla Pharmaceutical Company., (Copyright © 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. Renin Kinetics Are Superior to Lactate Kinetics for Predicting In-Hospital Mortality in Hypotensive Critically Ill Patients.
- Author
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Jeyaraju M, McCurdy MT, Levine AR, Devarajan P, Mazzeffi MA, Mullins KE, Reif M, Yim DN, Parrino C, Lankford AS, and Chow JH
- Subjects
- Academic Medical Centers, Adult, Aged, Female, Humans, Intensive Care Units statistics & numerical data, Lactic Acid metabolism, Male, Middle Aged, Prospective Studies, ROC Curve, Renin metabolism, Retrospective Studies, Critical Illness mortality, Hospital Mortality trends, Hypotension mortality, Lactic Acid blood, Renin blood
- Abstract
Objectives: Whole blood lactate concentration is widely used in shock states to assess perfusion. We aimed to determine if the change in plasma renin concentration over time would be superior to the change in lactate concentration for predicting in-hospital mortality in hypotensive patients on vasopressors., Design: Prospective, observational cohort study., Setting: Tertiary academic ICU., Patients: Adult patients on vasopressors for greater than 6 hours to maintain a mean arterial pressure greater than or equal to 65 mm Hg during January 2020., Interventions: Plasma renin concentrations were measured at enrollment and at 24, 48, and 72 hours. Whole blood lactate measurements were performed according to normal standard of care. Logistic regression was performed to evaluate whether the change in renin or lactate concentration could predict in-hospital mortality. Generalized estimating equations were used to analyze the association between renin and lactate concentration and in-hospital mortality. The area under the receiver operating characteristics curve was performed to measure the discriminative ability of initial and peak renin and lactate concentration to predict mortality. The association between renin and lactate concentration above the upper limit of normal at each timepoint with in-hospital mortality was also examined., Measurements and Main Results: The study included 197 renin and 148 lactate samples obtained from 53 patients. The slope of the natural log (ln) of renin concentration was independently associated with mortality (adjusted odds ratio, 10.35; 95% CI, 1.40-76.34; p = 0.022), but the slope of ln-lactate concentration was not (adjusted odds ratio, 4.78; 95% CI, 0.03-772.64; p = 0.55). The generalized estimating equation models found that both ln-renin (adjusted odds ratio, 1.18; 95% CI, 1.02-1.37; p = 0.025) and ln-lactate (adjusted odds ratio, 2.38; 95% CI, 1.05-5.37; p = 0.037) were associated with mortality. Area under the receiver operating characteristics curve analysis demonstrated that initial renin could predict in-hospital mortality with fair discrimination (area under the receiver operating characteristics curve, 0.682; 95% CI, 0.503-0.836; p = 0.05), but initial lactate could not (area under the receiver operating characteristics curve, 0.615; 95% CI, 0.413-0.803; p = 0.27). Peak renin (area under the receiver operating characteristics curve, 0.728; 95% CI, 0.547-0.888; p = 0.01) and peak lactate (area under the receiver operating characteristics curve, 0.746; 95% CI, 0.584-0.876; p = 0.01) demonstrated moderate discrimination. There was no significant difference in discriminative ability between initial or peak renin and lactate concentration. At each study time point, a higher proportion of renin values exceeded the threshold of normal (40 pg/mL) in nonsurvivors than in survivors, but this association was not significant for lactate., Conclusions: Although there was no significant difference in the performance of renin and lactate when examining the absolute values of each laboratory, a positive rate of change in renin concentration, but not lactate concentration, over 72 hours was associated with in-hospital mortality. For each one-unit increase in the slope of ln-renin, the odds of mortality increased 10-fold. Renin levels greater than 40 pg/mL, but not lactate levels greater than 2 mmol/L, were associated with in-hospital mortality. These findings suggest that plasma renin kinetics may be superior to lactate kinetics in predicting mortality of hypotensive, critically ill patients., Competing Interests: Dr. McCurdy was formally on the Speaker’s Bureau for La Jolla Pharmaceutical Company. Dr. Devarajan is funded by a grant from the National Institutes of Health (P50DK096418). He is a coinventor on patents submitted for the use of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin as a biomarker of kidney injury. Dr. Chow has served on the Speaker’s Bureau for La Jolla Pharmaceutical Company. Drs. Jeyaraju, McCurdy, and Chow are coinventors on a patent submitted for the detection of biomarkers in patients with circulatory shock. The remaining authors have disclosed that they do not have any potential conflicts of interest., (Copyright © 2021 by the Society of Critical Care Medicine and Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All Rights Reserved.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
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27. Genetically driven CD39 expression shapes human tumor-infiltrating CD8 + T-cell functions.
- Author
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Gallerano D, Ciminati S, Grimaldi A, Piconese S, Cammarata I, Focaccetti C, Pacella I, Accapezzato D, Lancellotti F, Sacco L, Caronna R, Melaiu O, Fruci D, D'Oria V, Manzi E, Sagnotta A, Parrino C, Coletta D, Peruzzi G, Terenzi V, Battisti A, Cassoni A, Fadda MT, Brozzetti S, Fazzi K, Grazi GL, Valentini V, Chirletti P, Polimeni A, Barnaba V, and Timperi E
- Subjects
- Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols therapeutic use, Apyrase antagonists & inhibitors, Apyrase genetics, Cells, Cultured, Female, Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic immunology, Humans, Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors pharmacology, Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors therapeutic use, Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating drug effects, Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating metabolism, Male, Middle Aged, Neoplasms drug therapy, Neoplasms genetics, Neoplasms pathology, Nivolumab pharmacology, Nivolumab therapeutic use, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Primary Cell Culture, T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic drug effects, T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic metabolism, Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols pharmacology, Apyrase metabolism, Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating immunology, Neoplasms immunology, T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic immunology
- Abstract
In our study, we investigated the role of CD39 on tumor-infiltrating CD8
+ T lymphocytes (CD8+ TILs) in colorectal, head and neck and pancreatic cancers. Partially confirming recent observations correlating the CD39 expression with T-cell exhaustion, we demonstrated a divergent functional activity in CD39+ CD8+ TILs. On the one hand, CD39+ CD8+ TILs (as compared to their CD39- counterparts) produced significantly lower IFN-γ and IL-2 amounts, expressed higher PD-1, and inversely correlated with perforin and granzyme B expression. On the other, they displayed a significantly higher proliferative capacity ex vivo that was inversely correlated with the PD-1 expression. Therefore, CD39+ CD8+ TILs, including those co-expressing the CD103 (a marker of T resident memory [TRM] cells), were defined as partially dysfunctional T cells that correlate with tumor patients with initial progression stages. Interestingly, our results identified for the first time a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP rs10748643 A>G), as a genetic factor associated with CD39 expression in CD8+ TILs. Finally, we demonstrated that compounds inhibiting CD39-related ATPases improved CD39+ CD8+ T-cell effector function ex vivo, and that CD39+ CD8+ TILs displayed effective suppression function in vitro. Overall these data suggest that the SNP analysis may represent a suitable predictor of CD39+ CD8+ T-cell expression in cancer patients, and propose the modulation of CD39 as a new strategy to restore partially exhausted CD8+ TILs., (© 2020 UICC.)- Published
- 2020
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28. Robotic Liver Resections: Application of Difficulty Score Systems to an Initial Experience. Is a Specific Robotic Difficulty Score Necessary?
- Author
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Coletta D, Ossola P, Parrino C, Oddi A, D'Annibale M, Perri P, De Peppo V, and Grazi GL
- Subjects
- Adult, Aged, Body Mass Index, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Preoperative Period, Reproducibility of Results, Hepatectomy methods, Laparoscopy methods, Liver surgery, Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures, Robotic Surgical Procedures
- Abstract
Background: Recently, the minimally invasive surgical approach has been available for performing liver resections (LRs) with laparoscopic and robotic techniques. The robotic approach for LRs seems to overcome several laparoscopic limitations, which is a valid alternative when performed in high volume and specialized centers. Laparoscopic difficulty score systems (DSSs) should serve to guide the surgeon's choice in the best surgical approach to adopt for every single patient, giving the possibility to switch to the open approach when needed. To this day, no specific robotic difficulty scores exist. The aim of our study was to verify the feasibility of applying these scores and related updates on robotic LRs performed in our Institute. Materials and Methods: Out of a total of 683 LRs performed from June 2010 to July 2019, 60 were performed through using a mini invasive approach and of these 18 were performed robotically. The Ban DSS and subsequently the modified Iwate DSS were applied to our cases. Results: Based on our findings, applying the DSS we divided our series into two groups: a low difficulty level group (1-3) made up of 5 patients, and an intermediate difficulty level group (4-6) consisting of 13 patients. Average Ban DSS and subsequently updated score system results were 4.6 ± 1.5 points (range 2-6) for both scores. Conclusions: Difficulties were encountered in applying the score when simultaneous multiple wedge resections were performed. The laparoscopic DSS is applicable to robotic LRs with some limitations due to the peculiarity of the two different minimally invasive approaches. A specific robotic difficulty rating score could be necessary to include these elements.
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- 2020
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29. Primary leiomyoma of the liver in an immunocompetent patient.
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Coletta D, Parrino C, Nicosia S, Manzi E, Pattaro G, Oddi A, D'Annibale M, Marino M, and Grazi GL
- Abstract
Primary leiomyoma of the liver (PLL) is a rare benign tumor occurring in immunosuppressed people. From 1926 less than fifty cases are reported in the scientific literature and about half are in immunocompetent patients. Etiology of this kind of lesion is not yet well known. We report a case of primary hepatic leiomyoma in a 60-year-old immunocompetent woman. The patient presented with lipothymia with unexpected vomiting. She underwent an ultrasound (US), and a computed tomography (CT) scan that revealed the presence of a single, solid lesion about 9 cm located between the S5 and S8 segment of the liver. It showed a well-defined, heterogeneous hypodensity with internal and peripheral enhancement and various central hypoattenuating areas and no wash-out in the portal and the late phases. Because of her symptoms and the risk of malignancy, the patient underwent a surgical liver resection. Histological diagnosis was primary leiomyoma of the liver. The patient had an uneventful recovery and was discharged after 7 days. At 30 months follow-up there were no symptoms and no evidence of disease. Leiomyoma of the liver is a rare benign neoplasm of which clinical symptoms are nonspecific and the exact radiological diagnosis still remains a challenge for radiologists. Etiology is still unclear and usually PLL represents an incidental diagnosis. Surgery plays a primary role not only in the treatment algorithm, but also in the diagnostic workout., (2020, International Research and Cooperation Association for Bio & Socio - Sciences Advancement.)
- Published
- 2020
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30. Laparoscopic Liver Surgery: What Are the Advantages in Patients with Cirrhosis and Portal Hypertension? Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis with Personal Experience.
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Coletta D, De Padua C, Parrino C, De Peppo V, Oddi A, Frigieri C, and Grazi GL
- Subjects
- Aged, Ascites etiology, Blood Loss, Surgical, Blood Transfusion, Carcinoma, Hepatocellular complications, Carcinoma, Hepatocellular pathology, Hepatectomy adverse effects, Humans, Hypertension, Portal complications, Length of Stay, Liver Cirrhosis complications, Liver Neoplasms complications, Liver Neoplasms pathology, Middle Aged, Operative Time, Carcinoma, Hepatocellular surgery, Hepatectomy methods, Laparoscopy, Liver Neoplasms surgery
- Abstract
Background: Laparoscopic surgery is a choice of treatment for liver diseases; it can decrease postoperative morbidity and length of hospital stay (LOS). Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients with cirrhosis and portal hypertension may benefit from minimally invasive liver resections (MILRs) instead of open liver resections (OLRs). Whether minimally invasive approaches are superior to conventional ones is still a matter of debate. We thus aimed to gather the available literature on this specific topic to achieve greater clarity. Materials and Methods: PubMed, EMBASE and Web of Sciences databases were assessed for studies comparing OLRs versus MILRs for HCC in cirrhotic patients up to February 2020. Data from our surgical experience from June 2010 to February 2020 were also included. Demographic characteristics, liver function, the presence of portal hypertension, tumor number, and tumor size and location were assessed; operative time, need for Pringle maneuver, estimated blood loss (EBL), major or minor hepatectomy performance, and conversion rate were evaluated for operative findings. Postoperative outcomes and liver-related complications, surgical site infection (SSI) rate, blood transfusion (BT) rate, need for reintervention, LOS, in-hospital or 30-day mortality, and radicality of resection were also considered. Meta-analysis was performed employing Review Manager 5.3 software. Results: One thousand three hundred twenty-one patients from 13 studies and our own series were considered in the meta-analysis. At preoperative settings, the OLR and MILR groups differed significantly only by tumor size (4.4 versus 3.0, P = .006). Laparoscopic procedures resulted significantly faster (120.32-330 minutes versus 146.8-342.75 minutes, P = .002) and with lower EBL than open ones (88-483 mL versus 200-580 mL, P < .00001), thus requiring less BTs (7.9% versus 13.2%, P = .02). In terms of overall morbidity, minimally invasive surgeries resulted significantly favorable (19.32% versus 38.04%, P < .00001), as well as for ascites (2.7% versus 12.9% P < .00001), postoperative liver failure (7.51% versus 13.61% P = .009), and SSI (1.8% versus 5.42%, P = .002). Accordingly, patients who had undergone MILRs had significantly shorter postoperative hospitalization than patients who underwent conventional open surgery (2.4-36 days versus 4.2-19 days P < .00001). Both groups did not differ in terms of mortality rate and radicality of resection (OLR 93.8% versus 96.1% laparoscopic liver resection, P = .12). Conclusions: Based on the available evidence in the literature, laparoscopic resections rather than open liver ones for HCC surgery in cirrhotic patients seem to reduce postoperative overall morbidity, liver-specific complications, and LOS. The lack of randomized studies on this topic precludes the possibility of achieving defining statements.
- Published
- 2020
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31. Empowering Children Through School Re-Entry Activities After the COVID-19 Pandemic.
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Capurso M, Dennis JL, Salmi LP, Parrino C, and Mazzeschi C
- Abstract
The isolation related to the COVID-19 pandemic is causing both physical and mental health concerns for children worldwide. When the pandemic is over, schools and kindergartens represent a crucial context that can play an important role in promoting young people's well-being. This paper presents a school re-entry program aimed at creating an arena where children can process emotions, rediscover interpersonal connections, and develop an awareness of effective coping strategies. For all kindergarten, primary and middle school students, suggestions for evaluating the effectiveness of the program based on its educational and psycho-social components are given. School is an ideal setting to deliver these activities to children as it represents return to their daily routine. Schools also provide equal access to resources and reach children belonging to at-risk socio-economic categories and cultural minorities. Two printable activity packs are provided as additional materials for teachers who want to recreate or adapt the presented activities for their own contexts., Competing Interests: One of the authors of this article is currently serving as the chief editor of Continuity in Education. In order to ensure a genuine double-blind peer review, the entire review process was independently managed by the editorial board member Steven R. Shaw, with no involvement from the chief editor., (Copyright: © 2020 The Author(s).)
- Published
- 2020
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32. Organ-saving surgery for rectal cancer after neoadjuvant chemoradiation: Analysis of failures and long-term results.
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Cosimelli M, Ursi P, Mancini R, Pattaro G, Perri P, Parrino C, De Peppo V, Diodoro MG, Balla A, and Grazi GL
- Abstract
Background: To analyze long-term results and risk of relapse in the clinical TNM stages II and III, mid-low rectal cancer patients (RC pts), treated with transanal local excision (LE) after major response to neoadjuvant chemoradiation (n-CRT)., Methods: Thirty-two out of 345 extraperitoneal cT3-4 or N+ RC pts (9.3%) underwent LE., Inclusion Criteria: extraperitoneal RC, adenocarcinoma, ECOG Performance Status ≤2. Pts with distant metastases were excluded., Results: All pts showed histologically clear margins of resection and 81.2% were restaged ypT0/mic/1. Nine out of 32 (28.1%) pts relapsed: 7 (21.8%) showed a local recurrence, of which 5 (15.6%) at the endorectal suture, 1 (3.1%) pelvic and 1 (3.1%) mesorectal. Two pts (6.2%) relapsed distantly. Among the pT0/1, 11.5% relapsed vs 100% of the pT2 and pT4 ones. The six pts relapsing locally or in the mesorectal fat underwent a salvage total mesorectal excision surgery. The old patient with pelvic recurrence relapsed after 108 months and underwent a re-irradiation; the two pts with distant metastases were treated with chemotherapy followed by radical surgery., Conclusions: Presently combined approach seems a valid option in major responders, confirming its potential curative impact in the ypT0/mic/1 pts. A strict selection of pts is basic to obtain favourable results., (© 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.)
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- 2020
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33. Impact of unhealthy childhood and unfavorable parents' characteristics on adiposity in schoolchildren.
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Vinciguerra F, Tumminia A, Roppolo F, Romeo LC, La Spina N, Baratta R, Parrino C, Sciacca L, Vigneri R, and Frittitta L
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Anthropometry, Body Mass Index, Child, Cohort Studies, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Health Behavior, Humans, Male, Overweight etiology, Pediatric Obesity etiology, Prevalence, Prognosis, Risk Factors, Sicily epidemiology, Socioeconomic Factors, Surveys and Questionnaires, Waist Circumference, Adiposity, Carbonated Beverages statistics & numerical data, Diet adverse effects, Exercise, Overweight epidemiology, Parents, Pediatric Obesity epidemiology
- Abstract
Background: Childhood obesity is encouraged by low physical activity (PA), time spent using screens (screen time, ST), and by sugar-sweetened beverage consumption (SSBc). It is also influenced by unfavorable parents' characteristics, such as a high body mass index (BMI) and low education level (EL). Our aim was to evaluate the overall and specific influence of these factors on childhood adiposity., Material and Methods: Anthropometric parameters including BMI z-score, waist circumference (WC), waist to height ratio (WtHR), and fat mass were measured in a cohort of 1702 schoolchildren (6.0-14.5 years, mean 10.7 ± 1.8) and questionnaires concerning children's PA, ST, and SSBc, and parent's BMI and EL were administered to parents., Results: Overweight/obesity prevalence was higher (P < .0001) in males (57%) than in females (43%). Less physically active children (28.9%) had a higher prevalence of overweight/obesity and higher BMI z-score, WC, WtHR, and fat mass relative to more physically active children (P < .05). PA was negatively associated with the BMI z-score (r = 0.18, P < .0001) and fat mass percentage (r = 0.18, P < .0001). Children with more ST had higher WC and WtHR than non-ST viewers (P < .05) but not BMI. Moreover, SSBc did not influence the anthropometric parameters. At multivariate analysis, male gender, less PA, and parental risk factors (parent's overweight/obesity and low/medium EL) were independently associated with overweight and obesity among childhood with a progressively increasing odds ratio (1.65, 1.40, and 1.80, respectively)., Conclusions: Male gender, behavioral risk factors (particularly low PA), and parent's characteristics are important correlates of obesity in children., (© 2019 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.)
- Published
- 2019
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34. Insulin receptor signaling and glucagon-like peptide 1 effects on pancreatic beta cells.
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Caporarello N, Parrino C, Trischitta V, and Frittitta L
- Subjects
- Animals, Apoptosis drug effects, Cell Line, Cell Proliferation drug effects, Glucose pharmacology, Insulin metabolism, Insulin-Secreting Cells cytology, Insulin-Secreting Cells drug effects, Insulin-Secreting Cells metabolism, Mutagenesis, Site-Directed, Phosphoric Diester Hydrolases genetics, Phosphoric Diester Hydrolases metabolism, Pyrophosphatases genetics, Pyrophosphatases metabolism, RNA Interference, RNA, Small Interfering metabolism, Rats, Receptor, Insulin antagonists & inhibitors, Receptor, Insulin genetics, Staurosporine pharmacology, Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 pharmacology, Receptor, Insulin metabolism, Signal Transduction drug effects
- Abstract
Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is a potent gluco-incretin hormone, which plays a central role on pancreatic beta cell proliferation, survival and insulin secreting activity and whose analogs are used for treating hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Notably, abnormal insulin signaling affects all the above-mentioned aspects on pancreatic beta cells. The aim of our study was to investigate whether the protective effects of GLP1-1 on beta cells are affected by altered insulin receptor signaling. To this end, several effects of GLP-1 were studied in INS-1E rat beta cells transfected either with an inhibitor of insulin receptor function (i.e., the Ectonucleotide Pyrophosphatase Phosphodiesterase 1, ENPP1), or with insulin receptor small interfering RNA, as well as in control cells. Crucial experiments were carried out also in a second cell line, namely the βTC-1 mouse beta cells. Our data indicate that in insulin secreting beta cells in which either ENPP1 was up-regulated or insulin receptor was down-regulated, GLP-1 positive effects on several pancreatic beta cell activities, including glucose-induced insulin secretion, cell proliferation and cell survival, were strongly reduced. Further studies are needed to understand whether such a scenario occurs also in humans and, if so, if it plays a role of clinical relevance in diabetic patients with poor responsiveness to GLP-1 related treatments.
- Published
- 2017
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35. Cytosolic and Calcium-Independent Phospholipases A2 Activation and Prostaglandins E2 Are Associated with Escherichia coli-Induced Reduction of Insulin Secretion in INS-1E Cells.
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Caporarello N, Salmeri M, Scalia M, Motta C, Parrino C, Frittitta L, Olivieri M, Cristaldi M, Avola R, Bramanti V, Toscano MA, Anfuso CD, and Lupo G
- Subjects
- Cell Line, Enzyme Activation, Humans, Insulin Secretion, Calcium metabolism, Cytosol metabolism, Dinoprostone metabolism, Escherichia coli metabolism, Insulin metabolism, Phospholipases A2 metabolism
- Abstract
It is suspected that microbial infections take part in the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus type 1 (T1DM). Glucose-induced insulin secretion is accompanied by the release of free arachidonic acid (AA) mainly by cytosolic- and calcium independent phospholipases A2 (cPLA2 and iPLA2). Insulinoma cell line (INS-1E) was infected with E. coli isolated from the blood culture of a patient with sepsis. Invasion assay, Scanning Electron Microscopy and Transmission Electron Microscopy demonstrated the capacity of E. coli to enter cells, which was reduced by PLA2 inhibitors. Glucose-induced insulin secretion was significantly increased after acute infection (8h) but significantly decreased after chronic infection (72h). PLA2 activities, cPLA2, iPLA2, phospho-cPLA2, and COX-2 expressions were increased after acute and, even more, after chronic E. coli infection. The silencing of the two isoforms of PLA2s, with specific cPLA2- or iPLA2-siRNAs, reduced insulin secretion after acute infection and determined a rise in insulin release after chronic infection. Prostaglandins E2 (PGE2) production was significantly elevated in INS-1E after long-term E. coli infection and the restored insulin secretion in presence of L798106, a specific EP3 antagonist, and NS-398, a COX-2 inhibitor, and the reduction of insulin secretion in presence of sulprostone, a specific EP3 agonist, revealed their involvement in the effects triggered by bacterial infection. The results obtained demonstrated that cPLA2 and iPLA2 play a key role in insulin secretion process after E. coli infection. The high concentration of AA released is transformed into PGE2, which could be responsible for the reduced insulin secretion., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
- Published
- 2016
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36. Exploring leptin antagonism in ophthalmic cell models.
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Scolaro L, Parrino C, Coroniti R, Otvos L Jr, and Surmacz E
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- Animals, Cattle, Cornea metabolism, Cornea pathology, Gene Expression Regulation drug effects, Haplorhini, Intracellular Space metabolism, Leptin chemistry, Leptin genetics, Leptin pharmacology, Neovascularization, Pathologic metabolism, Neovascularization, Physiologic drug effects, Peptidomimetics chemistry, RNA, Messenger genetics, RNA, Messenger metabolism, Retina metabolism, Retina pathology, Signal Transduction drug effects, Endothelial Cells drug effects, Endothelial Cells metabolism, Leptin metabolism, Peptidomimetics pharmacology, Receptors, Leptin antagonists & inhibitors
- Abstract
Background: Emerging evidence suggests that angiogenic and pro-inflammatory cytokine leptin might be implicated in ocular neovascularization. However, the potential of inhibiting leptin function in ophthalmic cells has never been explored. Here we assessed mitogenic, angiogenic, and signaling leptin activities in retinal and corneal endothelial cells and examined the capability of a specific leptin receptor (ObR) antagonist, Allo-aca, to inhibit these functions., Methods and Results: The experiments were carried out in monkey retinal (RF/6A) and bovine corneal (BCE) endothelial cells. Leptin at 50-250 ng/mL stimulated the growth of both cell lines in a dose-dependent manner. The maximal mitogenic response (35±7 and 27±3% in RF6A and BCE cells, respectively) was noted at 24 h of 250 ng/mL leptin treatments. Leptin-dependent proliferation was reduced to base levels with 10 and 100 nM Allo-aca in BCE and RF6A cells, respectively. In both cell lines, leptin promoted angiogenic responses, with the maximal increase in tube formation (163±10 and 133±8% in RF6A and BCE cultures, respectively) observed under a 250 ng/mL leptin treatment for 3 h. Furthermore, in both cell lines 250 ng/mL leptin modulated the activity or expression of several signaling molecules involved in proliferation, inflammatory activity and angiogenesis, such as STAT3, Akt, and ERK1/2, COX2, and NFκB. In both cell lines, leptin-induced angiogenic and signaling responses were significantly inhibited with 100 nM Allo-aca. We also found that leptin increased its own mRNA and protein expression in both cell lines, and this autocrine effect was abolished by 100-250 nM Allo-aca., Conclusions: Our data provide new insights into the role of leptin in ocular endothelial cells and represent the first original report on targeting ObR in ophthalmic cell models.
- Published
- 2013
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37. Secular trends in the prevalence of overweight and obesity in Sicilian schoolchildren aged 11-13 years during the last decade.
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Parrino C, Rossetti P, Baratta R, La Spina N, La Delfa L, Squatrito S, Vigneri R, and Frittitta L
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Age Factors, Body Mass Index, Body Weight, Child, Cohort Studies, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Male, Prevalence, Rural Population, Sicily epidemiology, Students, Thinness epidemiology, Urban Population, Waist Circumference, Obesity epidemiology, Overweight epidemiology
- Abstract
The present study evaluates trends in the prevalence of overweight and obesity in relation to gender and area of residence between two cohorts of students aged 11-13 years in Sicily. The analysis was performed on 1,839 schoolchildren, with 924 and 915 children being studied in 1999-2001 and 2009-2010, respectively. The children who were enrolled during 2009-2010 had significantly higher body mass indexes (BMI), BMI z-scores, and waist circumferences than the children who were studied during 1999-2001 (p<0.0001 for all); these differences was also observed when the cohort was subdivided according to gender or residence area The prevalence of obesity increased significantly from 7.9% in 1999-2001 to 13.7% in 2009-2010 (p<0.0001), whereas thinness decreased significantly from 10.1% to 2.3% (p<0.0001) in the same periods. The increase of trends in the prevalence of obesity was significantly higher in males (9.7% vs. 17.6%, p = 0.0006) than in females (6.3% vs. 9.8%, p = 0.04) and was slightly higher in urban areas (8.8% vs. 14.3%, p = 0.002) than in rural areas (7.8% vs. 13.0%, p = 0.012). The male gender was associated with a higher risk of being overweight or obese (odds ratio: 1.63; 95% confidence intervals: 1.24-2.15; p = 0.0005) in 2009-2010 than in 1999-2001, after adjusting for age and the residence area. In conclusion, this study showed an increasing trend in the prevalence of overweight and obesity in Sicilian schoolchildren during the last decade and that this trend was related to gender, age and the area of residence. More specifically, our data indicated that the prevalence of obesity increased by 5.8%, the prevalence of thinness decreased by 7.8% and the prevalence of normal-weight children did not change over the course of a decade. These results suggest a shift in the body weights of Sicilian children toward the upper percentiles.
- Published
- 2012
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38. ENPP1 affects insulin action and secretion: evidences from in vitro studies.
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Di Paola R, Caporarello N, Marucci A, Dimatteo C, Iadicicco C, Del Guerra S, Prudente S, Sudano D, Miele C, Parrino C, Piro S, Beguinot F, Marchetti P, Trischitta V, and Frittitta L
- Subjects
- Cell Line, Genotype, Glucose pharmacology, Glyburide pharmacology, Hep G2 Cells, Humans, Hypoglycemic Agents pharmacology, In Vitro Techniques, Insulin Secretion, Islets of Langerhans drug effects, Islets of Langerhans metabolism, Phosphoric Diester Hydrolases genetics, Phosphorylation drug effects, Polymorphism, Genetic genetics, Pyrophosphatases genetics, Insulin metabolism, Phosphoric Diester Hydrolases metabolism, Pyrophosphatases metabolism
- Abstract
The aim of this study was to deeper investigate the mechanisms through which ENPP1, a negative modulator of insulin receptor (IR) activation, plays a role on insulin signaling, insulin secretion and eventually glucose metabolism. ENPP1 cDNA (carrying either K121 or Q121 variant) was transfected in HepG2 liver-, L6 skeletal muscle- and INS1E beta-cells. Insulin-induced IR-autophosphorylation (HepG2, L6, INS1E), Akt-Ser(473), ERK1/2-Thr(202)/Tyr(204) and GSK3-beta Ser(9) phosphorylation (HepG2, L6), PEPCK mRNA levels (HepG2) and 2-deoxy-D-glucose uptake (L6) was studied. GLUT 4 mRNA (L6), insulin secretion and caspase-3 activation (INS1E) were also investigated. Insulin-induced IR-autophosphorylation was decreased in HepG2-K, L6-K, INS1E-K (20%, 52% and 11% reduction vs. untransfected cells) and twice as much in HepG2-Q, L6-Q, INS1E-Q (44%, 92% and 30%). Similar data were obtained with Akt-Ser(473), ERK1/2-Thr(202)/Tyr(204) and GSK3-beta Ser(9) in HepG2 and L6. Insulin-induced reduction of PEPCK mRNA was progressively lower in untransfected, HepG2-K and HepG2-Q cells (65%, 54%, 23%). Insulin-induced glucose uptake in untransfected L6 (60% increase over basal), was totally abolished in L6-K and L6-Q cells. GLUT 4 mRNA was slightly reduced in L6-K and twice as much in L6-Q (13% and 25% reduction vs. untransfected cells). Glucose-induced insulin secretion was 60% reduced in INS1E-K and almost abolished in INS1E-Q. Serum deficiency activated caspase-3 by two, three and four folds in untransfected INS1E, INS1E-K and INS1E-Q. Glyburide-induced insulin secretion was reduced by 50% in isolated human islets from homozygous QQ donors as compared to those from KK and KQ individuals. Our data clearly indicate that ENPP1, especially when the Q121 variant is operating, affects insulin signaling and glucose metabolism in skeletal muscle- and liver-cells and both function and survival of insulin secreting beta-cells, thus representing a strong pathogenic factor predisposing to insulin resistance, defective insulin secretion and glucose metabolism abnormalities.
- Published
- 2011
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39. Bell's palsy at 1 month 4 days of age.
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McLellan MS and Parrino CS
- Subjects
- Age Factors, Facial Paralysis drug therapy, Facial Paralysis etiology, Female, Humans, Infant, Facial Paralysis epidemiology
- Published
- 1969
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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