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La orientación emprendedora ha sido uno de los aspectos que mayor interés ha suscitado en los últimos años en el campo del entrepreneurship. La revisión de la literatura nos permite señalar la necesidad de abordar la ambigüedad y la complejidad de la relación entre la orientación emprendedora y los resultados empresariales. En este trabajo planteamos esta relación desde un enfoque configuracional, abordando la coherencia de factores relacionales —capital social— y organizativos —capacidades tecnológicas y de marketing— con la orientación emprendedora. El objetivo del trabajo consiste en desarrollar un modelo configuracional que explique el efecto moderador conjunto del capital social y las capacidades empresariales sobre la efectividad de la orientación emprendedora. Se establecen 3 modelos teóricos —universal, contingente y configuracional— que se definen mediante proposiciones teóricas. Exploramos y ejemplificamos empíricamente las relaciones establecidas mediante un estudio de casos de empresas agroalimentarias españolas. Finalmente, extraemos diversas conclusiones a partir de los modelos planteados y proponemos futuras líneas de investigación.

Given the contradictory antecedents of the relationship between structural social capital and new product performance, a research gap has emerged that leads us to propose the research objective of determining the indirect effect of knowledge assimilation and architectural marketing capability on the relationship between structural social capital and new product performance. The empirical study was conducted on a sample of 300 tourism firms in Arequipa (Peru). The results reveal that knowledge assimilation and architectural marketing capabilities have indirect effects on the relationship between structural social capital and new product performance. The findings have implications for the interest of academics at the theoretical level and practical implications for firms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work analyzes, under a strategic approach, the role of organizational resilience (OR) in connecting pioneering orientation (PO) and sustainability orientation (SO), thus filling a significant and unexplored gap in the literature. The empirical study was conducted on a sample of 223 companies in the cultural tourism industry in Spain. The results show a total mediating effect of OR in the relationship between PO and SO in its economic, environmental, and social dimensions and a partial effect in the case of the cultural dimension. The study highlights the U‐shaped curvilinear relationship between PO and OR, reflecting a brake on the growth of OR when companies have a strong tendency to enter the market early. Companies should adopt the role of early followers to strengthen resilience and achieve a strong strategic commitment to sustainability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to fill the gap on how market dynamism affects the firm's entrepreneurial orientation (EO), and the role of absorptive capacity in this relationship. In contrast to previous studies that propose a linear effect of environmental factors, the results from a sample of 292 Spanish firms in the agri-food industry show a curvilinear relationship (inverted U-shaped) between market dynamism and EO. The main contribution is to demonstrate how this initial relationship is flattened with a higher absorptive capacity, softening the negative effects of dynamism in its extreme values. Therefore, we demonstrate how a firm's resources and capabilities can promote or prevent an entrepreneurial behaviour derived from the perceived market dynamism. Specifically, to operate successfully in a context of strong market dynamism through EO, firms should enhance their absorptive capacity, enabling them to cope more successfully with changing conditions in the environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Interest in the literature on tourism destination sustainability has grown notably in recent years, underlining the need for a greater strategic commitment by hospitality and tourism firms (HTFs). However, it is necessary to understand why certain firms develop a greater sustainability orientation (SO), delving into how the relational factors determine the SO of HTFs, which has been demanded, but not addressed. The aim of this paper is to analyze the mediating role of absorptive capacity in explaining the influence of bonding capital and bridging capital on the SO of HTFs in destinations. The empirical study was developed in a sample of 238 HTFs in Peru. Specifically, we focused on the UNESCO-recognized World Heritage Cities, which include the historic centers of Lima, Cusco and Arequipa. Using Partial Least Squares (PLS) to analyze the results, we found that bonding capital has a direct effect on SO and a mediating effect through absorptive capacity. Bridging capital has no direct effect, influencing SO only through absorptive capacity. Thus, we highlight the importance of absorptive capacity as a key element that drives social capital, especially the bridging dimension, towards a higher SO. Managers of HTFs should combine relationships with agents inside and outside the destination to reinforce their strategic commitment to sustainable development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Radical innovation is a key factor for competitiveness in cultural tourism clusters. There is an open debate about the specific effect of relationships with cluster agents (bonding capital) on radical innovation due to redundancy of information and lock-in. This article aims to identify factors that influence radical innovation in the context of cultural tourism clusters. The empirical study uses original data on 215 firms located in UNESCO World Heritage Cities in Spain. The findings show that relationships with firms outside a cluster (bridging capital) reinforce the positive effect of relationships with agents within a cluster on radical innovation. However, relationships with local institutions weaken this effect. Combining relationships with internal agents and external ones is suggested. This study also advocates a more active role for local institutions as bridging agents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyzes the implications of belonging to a cluster through the relationship between structural social capital and knowledge acquisition. The findings suggest structural social capital only indirectly affects knowledge acquisition through the relational and cognitive dimensions of firms' membership of a cluster. However, the structural dimension also has a direct impact on knowledge for external firms outside a cluster. This paper contributes to the cluster literature with a better contextualization and understanding of the relationship between structural social capital and knowledge acquisition. In addition, the paper also consolidates the interorganizational approach to social capital theory by helping to understand how and in what context social capital dimensions are interrelated. The study analyzes how firms can acquire valuable knowledge from their networks, filling the gap in the literature on how this process occurs inside and outside clusters. This works also proposes recommendations for companies and institutions, and new complementary lines of research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study delves in the controversy about the nature and the sign of the effect of interorganizational relationships on entrepreneurial orientation. The paper analyses the effects of networks of interorganizational relationships at firm level. Specifically, we study the influence of closure of interorganizational relationships in entrepreneurial orientation and the mediating role of dynamic capabilities. The empirical analysis was developed on a sample of 292 Spanish agri-food firms. We detect a positive mediating effect of the closure of interorganizational relationships, mainly cooperative relationships, on entrepreneurial orientation through dynamic capabilities. It highlights the emergence of a suppression effect uncovering the dark side of closed interorganizational relationships in several dimensions of entrepreneurial orientation - proactiveness, autonomy and risk-taking -. This paper contributes to link three theoretical approaches - social capital, entrepreneurship and dynamic capabilities - to probe further into the implications of interorganizational relationships. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The emergence of new technologies together with the process of globalization and global outsourcing raise a question mark over the potential advantages of locating in an industrial district. In this context, there is a clear need for new studies to investigate whether the district effect still exists in these new circumstances. We propose that the increased availability of social capital, knowledge, and innovation would justify the firms in industrial districts obtaining competitive advantages and, therefore, greater levels of performance over the rest of the companies in an industry, allowing us to explore why the district effect is maintained in the current circumstances. The development of this study, in the footwear industry in Spain, has allowed us to analyze the existence of significant differences between industrial district firms and firms outside industrial districts. The results obtained in our study show that agglomerated firms, that is, firms located within industrial districts, achieve a greater performance than firms outside the industrial districts. With this study, we contribute to a deeper analysis of the competitive differences arising from the district effect. On one hand, we analyze if the competitive advantages of companies located in the districts will reveal differences in the obtained performance—growth, profitability, innovation performance, and general performance. We also analyze three key competitive factors in the competitive dynamics of industrial districts, with particular attention to social capital. In this sense, we look separately at the three dimensions of social capital—structural, relational, and cognitive. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]