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16. Effect of Different Wheat-Based Diets and Corn Meal Addition on Development Parameters of Ephestia kuehniella (Zeller, 1879) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae).

Author

Parra, L M, Garcia, A G, Alves, G R, Magro, S R, and Parra, J R P

Subjects
MEDITERRANEAN flour moth, CORN meal, WHEAT, LEPIDOPTERA, PYRALIDAE, DIET, FLOUR
Abstract

The expansion of Integrated Pest Management (IPM), including biological control, has had several positive consequences for the agricultural environment and participants in the production chain. To enable successful operation and applications of biological control, production of insects used for rearing natural enemies (parasitoids and predators) must be optimized to reduce time and costs and improve production both qualitatively and quantitatively. The present study evaluated the effect of wheat varieties, the main component of artificial diets for Ephestia kuehniella , on the reproductive performance and biological parameters of this flour moth, which is used for mass production of Trichogramma spp. (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) and other parasitoids and predators. Four varieties of wheat were compared: BRS 327, BRS Marcante, BRS Parrudo, and KBR, with and without the addition of corn E. kuehniella reared on 97% BRS 327 wheat flour + 3% nutritional yeast had the best biological parameters and substitution of corn for about half of the wheat increased the number of eggs per female. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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18. Comparing potential as biocontrol agents of two neotropical parasitoids o fLiriomyza sativae

Author

COSTA-LIMA, T. C. da, CHAGAS, M. C. M., PARRA, J. R. P., and TIAGO CARDOSO DA COSTA LIMA, CPATSA.

Subjects
Liriomyza Sativae, Insects, Braconidae, Biological control, Alimentação do hospedeiro, Inseto, Mosca Minadora, Controle Biológico, Minador serpentina, Eulophidae, Temperatura, Agromyzidae
Abstract

We evaluated the potential of two parasitoids as biocontrol agents ofLiriomyza sativaeBlanchardinnortheasternBrazil. The two species werethe koinobiont larval-pupal endoparasitoidPhaedrotoma scabriventrisNixon(Braconidae) and the idiobiont larval endoparasitoidChrysocharis vonones(Walker) (Eulophidae). The biological parameters evaluated were survivorship,parasitism, and host-feeding, at 25 and 30°C. Differences between the specieswere observed at 25°C, but not at 30°C. At 25°C, the total parasitism forP. scabriventris(196.1 ± 17.7) andC.vonones(176.6 ± 7.24) was similar andwith higher values compared to 30°C, 102.5 ± 8.81 and 89.1 ± 5 66 parasitizedlarvae, respectively. However,C. vononesshowed a 3.97 lower survivorship aswell as higher daily parasitism (1.4-fold) and host-feeding means (1.9-fold)than the braconid at 25°C. The results indicate a potential for both naturalenemiestobeusedasbiocontrolagentsofL. sativae. The differences be-tween species detected at 25°C suggest the best conditions for the applicationof each parasitoid. Made available in DSpace on 2019-06-15T00:41:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Tiago2019.pdf: 889711 bytes, checksum: fdf3b5bb7f2ab0800e384e02b61beee3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2019

Published
2019

25. The Enemy is Outside: Releasing the Parasitoid Tamarixia radiata(Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) in External Sources of HLB Inocula to Control the Asian Citrus Psyllid Diaphorina citri(Hemiptera: Liviidae)

Author

Diniz, A J F, Garcia, A G, Alves, G R, Reigada, C, Vieira, J M, and Parra, J R P

Abstract

Huanglongbing (HLB), the most destructive citrus disease worldwide, was first recorded in Brazil in 2004, and since then, more than 50 million trees identified with this disease have been eliminated. The disease is managed mainly by controlling the psyllid vector Diaphorina citriKuwayama, 1908 (Hemiptera: Liviidae). Although the presence of the insect in commercial citrus groves is low, HLB infection rates increase in areas bordering the groves. The disease is transmitted by psyllids from host citrus plants in areas outside the managed groves, such as abandoned or organic groves and residential trees, and from orange jasmine plants in urban settings. In order to provide information to support HLB control, this study evaluated the biotic and abiotic variables that affect the dynamics of D. citripopulations after releases of the parasitoid wasp Tamarixia radiata(Waterston, 1922) (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) in external sources of HLB inocula. The study was divided into two parts. After releasing the parasitoids in non-commercial areas, we determined the following: (a) the variables that significantly affected the number of nymphs collected on shoots in the same non-commercial area; (b) the variables that significantly affected the number of adult psyllids collected in a neighboring commercial citrus area. Our results indicated that the number of nymphs in external areas was affected only by the host plant and rainfall. However, periodic parasitoid releases significantly reduced the number of adult psyllids collected in the commercial area. The results indicate that the release of parasitoids in external sources of inocula has the potential to maximize actions for D. citricontrol, contributing to the reduction of psyllid populations in commercial areas. Consequently, this strategy may help to manage the disease infection without an increase in insecticide use.

Published
2020
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30. Host plant effects on the development, survival, and reproduction of dysmicoccus brevipes (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) on grapevines

Author

BERTIN, A., BORTOLI, L. C., BOTTON, M., PARRA, J. R. P., ALINE BERTIN, USP, LÍGIA CAROLINE BORTOLI, CNPUV (BOLSISTA), MARCOS BOTTON, CNPUV, and J.R.P. PARRA, USP.

Subjects
Uva, Cochonilha, Praga de planta, Dysmicoccus Brevipes, Viticultura, Porta-enxerto, Ciclo de Vida
Abstract

Dysmicoccus brevipes (Cockerell, 1893) (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) is one of the most frequent and abundant mealybugs in Brazilian vineyards, where it causes direct and indirect damage to the vines. In this study, we investigated the effect of plant structures, cultivars, and vine rootstocks on the development, survival, and reproduction of D. brevipes under laboratory conditions. Leaves of the tablegrape cultivar ÔIta´liaÕ (Vitis vinifera) and ÔNia´gara RosadaÕ (Vitis labrusca) and the vine roots of the rootstocks Paulsen 1103 (Vitis berlandieriV. rupestris) and IAC 572 (Vitis caribaea101-14 Mgt) were used as host plants. D. brevipes developed on different vegetative structures, cultivars, and vine rootstocks. D. brevipes showed the shortest developmental period and highest survival and fecundity rates on leaves of cultivar Ita´lia. Survival on leaves was signiÞcantly higher than on roots. Roots of IAC 572 were unsuitable for D. brevipes development, resulting in nonreproductive females.ThemealybugsÕ longevityonleaves and vine roots was similar. Higher intrinsic and Þnite rates of increase and net reproductive rate were observed whenmealybugs developed on Ita´lia leaves.Weconcluded that the host plant affects the development and survival of D. brevipes and that the choice of the most appropriate cultivar or vine rootstock can help to reduce pest infestation, and is therefore an additional component to be included in the integrated pest management of grapes. Made available in DSpace on 2016-02-23T06:49:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Bertinetal.2013.pdf: 110311 bytes, checksum: 452bd7f7f66340049ff7f5b7e5afd603 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-02-05

Published
2013

32. Selection of Trichogramma pretiosum lineages for control of Grapholita molesta in peach

Author

RODRIGUES, M. L. R., GARCIA, M. S., NAVA, D. E., BOTTON, M., PARRA, J. R. P., GUERRERO, M., M ICHELLE L. R ODRIGUES, UFPEL, MAURO S. GARCIA, UFPEL, DORI EDSON NAVA, CPACT, MARCOS BOTTON, CNPUV, JOSÉ R. P. PARRA, ESALQ/USP, and MILTON GUERRERO, UFPEL.

Subjects
Mariposa, Fruticultura, Trichogramma pretiosum, Praga de planta, Pêssego, Controle biológico, Grapholita Molesta, Inimigo natural
Abstract

Grapholita molesta (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) é uma das principais pragas do pessegueiro no Brasil, causando perdas de 3-5% da produção. Dentre os agentes de controle biológico Trichogramma pretiosum (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) tem sido encontrado nos pomares de pessegueiros. O objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar a criação de T. pretiosum em ovos de G. molesta e Anagasta kuehniella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) e selecionar as linhagens de T. pretiosum com potencial de controle de G. molesta. A seleção de linhagens foi realizada com cinco populações de T. pretiosum coletadas em pomares de pessegueiro cultivados sob o sistema orgânico de produção. O estudo foi realizado em condições controladas de temperatura (25 ± 2°C), umidade relativa (70 ± 10%) e fotofase (14h). Ovos de G. molesta são hospedeiros adequados ao desenvolvimento de T. pretiosum uma vez que, nas variáveis estudadas número de ovos parasitados, porcentagem de parasitismo e razão sexual, os valores foram equivalentes aos criados em ovos de A. kuehniella . O maior parasitismo de ovos de G. molesta ocorreu com posturas de até 48h de desenvolvimento embrionário. Das linhagens de T. pretiosum coletadas, H08, PO8, PEL e L3M apresentaram melhor desempenho biológico, sendo, portanto, indicadas para estudos de semi-campo e campo para o controle biológico da mariposa-oriental. Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-25T21:36:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 BOTTONFloridaEntomologist2011.pdf: 129958 bytes, checksum: a602ce982226baf867deda221a1c8c16 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-11-21

Published
2011

34. Development of a dry artificial diet for Nezara viridula (L.) and Euschistus heros (Fabricius) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae)

Author

FORTES, P., MAGRO, S. R., PANIZZI, A. R., and PARRA, J. R. P.

Subjects
Entomologia
Abstract

Artificial diets prepared with wheat germ, soybean protein, dextrosol, potato starch, sucrose, cellulose, soybean or sunflower oil, and vitamin solution for rearing Nezara viridula (L.) and Euschistus heros (Fabricius) were tested under controlled temperature +- 1°C), RH (60 +- 10%), and photophase (14h). Three diets were tested and compared with the natural diet privet [soybean and peanut seeds and privet Ligustrum lucidum Ait. fruit (Oleaceae)]. All three artificial diets allowed full development. The diet containing sunflower oil was the most suitable for N. viridula while E. heros developed better on a diet composed of soybean oil. Data indicated that the artificial diets were inferior to the natural diet. The artificial diets were more adequate for E. heros. Made available in DSpace on 2011-12-09T00:00:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 26773.pdf: 414814 bytes, checksum: 2e996f045cff275f4e383cafcee9e3b3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-11-06

Published
2006

35. Selection and Suitability of an Artificial Diet for Tuta absoluta (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) Based on Physical and Chemical Characteristics.

Author

Bajonero, J. G. and Parra, J. R. P.

Subjects
*LEPIDOPTERA, *GELECHIIDAE, *COTTON, *CASEINS, *COCOONS
Abstract

Tuta absoluta (Meyrick, 1917) is a key tomato pest in South America and, recently, in Europe and Africa. To develop efficient control methods for this pest, adequate rearing protocols are desirable. As an alternative to tomato leaves (natural diet), we evaluated four artificial diets. Biological traits including larval and pupal viability and development time, pupal weight and deformations were assessed. Additionally, the optimum container size and larval density were evaluated. The diet based on casein, wheat germ and cellulose allowed the best development of T. absoluta, showing higher viability and no negative effects on larval instars and pupal weight. The best container was a glass tube measuring ⊘ 1 × h 6 cm, topped with waterproof cotton, with a density of three larvae. To evaluate the suitability of this diet, T. absoluta was reared during eight generations and lifetable parameters were estimated for the F1, F3, F6, and F8 generations. The total viability (egg-adult) increased over the generations, reaching 75% in the eighth generation. Based on life-table estimations no differences among generations were found. The net reproductive rate (Ro) was higher than 40, the intrinsic rate of increase (rm) ranged between 0.08 and 0.11, the finite rate of increase (λ) was 1.1, the mean generation time (T) have a maximum of 44 d and doubling time ranged from 5.89-8.32 generations. These results indicated that a diet based on casein, wheat germ and cellulose was suitable for T. absoluta rearing in laboratory conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2017
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36. Estimating parasitoid immature mortality by comparing oviposition and pupal development of Trichogramma galloi ZUCCHI and T. pretiosum RILEY on natural and factitious hosts

Author

Consoli, F. L., Parra, J. R. P., and Vinson, S. B.

Subjects
host, immature mortality, parasitoid fitness, host/parasitoid interaction, host exploitation, host suitability, interação hospedeiro parasitóide, biological control, mortalidade de imaturos, taxa de parasitismo, parasitization rate, controle biológico
Abstract

Mortality during the immature development of T. galloi and T. pretiosum was estimated on UV-killed and live eggs of a factitious and a natural host, respectively. A staining technique was used to determine the actual parasitization of UV-treated eggs and was compared with the number of parasitoids that emerged per host egg (detectable parasitization). Effects of temperature as a factor of mortality during the immature development of both parasitoids on the factitious host was also assessed. The actual and detectable parasitization of live hosts was measured by recording both the parasitization behavior and the number of eggs where a parasitoid developed successfully. Our data show that mortality during immature development of both parasitoids may occur in live eggs of the natural host. No such mortality was observed when parasitoids developed on UV-killed eggs of the factitious host. Possible causes of parasitoid immature mortality and the effects of using UV-treated eggs of factitious hosts in estimating the parasitism capacity of Trichogramma in field conditions are discussed. A mortalidade durante o desenvolvimento das formas imaturas de Trichogramma galloi e T. pretiosum foi estimada em ovos do hospedeiro alternativo, invibializados em lâmpada germicida, e do hospedeiro natural (não-tratados). Uma técnica de coloração foi utilizada para determinar o real parasitismo (número de ovos do parasitóide colocados por ovo do hospedeiro) do hospedeiro alternativo, e o valor determinado foi comparado ao número de adultos emergidos por ovo hospedeiro (parasitismo mensurável). O efeito da temperatura como fator de mortalidade para os estágios iniciais do desenvolvimento de ambas as espécies de parasitóide também foi avaliado. O parasitismo real e o mensurável de ovos não-tratados do hospedeiro natural foram verificados por meio de observações do comportamento de parasitismo e o número de ovos em que o parasitóide se desenvolveu com sucesso. Foi verificado que pode ocorrer mortalidade durante o desenvolvimento de ambos os parasitóides estudados, quando parasitando ovos de seus respectivos hospedeiros naturais. No entanto, não foi verificada mortalidade significativa para a fase imatura quando os parasitóides se desenvolveram em ovos do hospedeiro alternativo. Os possíveis fatores envolvidos na mortalidade dos estágios imaturos e os efeitos da inviabilização dos ovos do hospedeiro alternativo na estimativa da capacidade de parasitismo de Trichogramma em condições de campo também são discutidos.

Published
2000

37. Comparison of artificial diets for rearing Corcyra cephalonica (Stainton, 1865) (Lep., Pyralidae) for Trichogramma mass production

Author

BERNARDI, E. B., HADDAD, M. L., and PARRA, J. R. P.

Subjects
Corcyra cephalonica, Trichogramma, dietas artificiais, criação, artificial diets, rearing
Abstract

The objective of this research was, based on biological studies, to determine and adequate diet for rearing Corcyra cephalonica (Stainton, 1865) in the laboratory so as to permit the rearing of this factitious host for Trichogramma mass production. The research was conducted at 25 ± 1ºC, RH 60 ± 10% and photophase of 14 hours. Six artificial diets were compared: a) whole wheat flour (48.5%), ground rice (48.5%) and sugar (3%); b) ground rice (97%) and sugar (3%); c) whole wheat flour (48.5%), rice flour (48.5%) an sugar (3%); d) whole wheat flour (97%) and yeast (3%); e) wheat germ (97%) and yeast (3%); f) rice bran (94%), sugar (3%) and yeast (3%); f) rice bran (94%), sugar (3%) and yeast (3%). All of the diets studied permitted the development of C. cephalonica although the diets with wheat germ and yeast and that consisting of rice bran, sugar and yeast proved to be the most adequate for rearing the moth. These diets reduced the total (egg-adult) cycle, shortened the egg laying period, and produced heavier adults. Studies on the fertility life tables showed that higher net reproduction rates (Ro) and finite ratio of increase (lambda) were obtained from adults reared on these diets. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi, baseando-se em estudos biológicos, determinar uma dieta adequada para criação de Corcyra cephalonica (Stainton, 1865) em laboratório, que permitisse a criação deste hospedeiro alternativo para produção em massa de Trichogramma. A pesquisa foi conduzida a 25 ± 1ºC; UR 60 ± 10% e fotofase de 14 horas. Seis dietas artificiais foram comparadas: a) farinha de trigo integral (48,5%), arroz triturado (48,5%) e açúcar (3%); b) arroz triturado (97%) e açúcar (3%); c) farinha de trigo integral (48,5%), farinha de arroz (48,5%) e açúcar (3%); d) farinha de trigo integral (97%) e levedura de cerveja (3%); e) germe de trigo (97%) e levedura de cerveja (3%); f) farelo de arroz (94%), açúcar (3%) e levedura de cerveja (3%). Todas as dietas estudadas permitiram o desenvolvimento de C. cephalonica, embora as dietas à base de germe de trigo e levedura de cerveja e aquela composta de farelo de arroz, açúcar e levedura de cerveja tenham sido as mais adequadas para a criação da traça. Essas dietas reduziram o ciclo total (ovo-adulto), concentraram o período de postura e produziram adultos mais pesados. Nesses meios foram obtidos, por meio do estudo de tabelas de vida de fertilidade, maiores taxas líquidas de reprodução (Ro) e razão finita de aumento (lambda).

Published
2000

38. Rearing the southern green stink bug using an artificial dry diet and an artificial plant

Author

PANIZZI, A. R., PARRA, J. R. P., SANTOS, C. H., and CARVALHO, D. R.

Abstract

Laboratory and greenhouse studies were conducted with an artificial dry diet to rear nymphs, and with an artificial plant as substrate for egg laying by the southern green stink bug, Nezara viridula (L.). The artificial diet was composed of: soybean protein (15 g); potato starch (7.5 g); dextrose (7.5 g); sucrose (2.5 g); cellulose (12.5 g); vitamin mixture (niacinamide 1 g, calcium pantothenate 1 g, thiamine 0.25 g, riboflavin 0.5 g, pyridoxine 0.25 g, folic acid 0.25 g, biotin 0.02 mL, vitamin B12 1 g ? added to 1,000 mL of distilled water) (5.0 mL); soybean oil (20 mL); wheat germ (17.9 g); and water (30 mL). Nymphs showed normal feeding behavior when fed on the artificial diet. Nymphal development time was longer than or similar to that of nymphs fed on soybean pods. Total nymphal mortality was low (ca. 30%), both for nymphs reared on the artificial diet, and for nymphs fed on soybean pods. At adult emergence, fresh body weights were significantly (P

Published
2000

39. Effects of Self-Superparasitism and Temperature on Biological Traits of Two Neotropical Trichogramma (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) Species.

Author

DaSilva, C. S. B., Morelli, Renata, and Parra, J. R. P.

Subjects
TRICHOGRAMMATIDAE, HOST specificity (Biology), PARASITISM, HOST-parasite relationships, ABIOTIC stress
Abstract

Copyright of Journal of Economic Entomology is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Published
2016
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40. Relative Fitness of Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on Seven Host Plants: A Perspective for IPM in Brazil.

Author

Reigada, C., Guimaräes, K. F., and Parra, J. R. P.

Subjects
HELICOVERPA armigera, HOST plants, WILD plants, COTTON, SOYBEAN
Abstract

The cotton bollworm Helicoverpa armigera (Hü bner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is a widespread pest of many cultivated and wild plants in Europe, Africa, Asia, and Australia. In 2013, this species was reported in Brazil, attacking various host crops in the midwestern and northeastern regions of the country and is now found countrywide. Aiming to understand the effects of different host plants on the life cycle of H. armigera, we selected seven species of host plants that mature in different seasons and are commonly grown in these regions: cotton (Gossypium hirsutum, "FM993"), corn (Zea mays, "2B587"), soybean (Glycine max, "99R01"), rattlepods (Crotalaria spectabilis), millet (Pennisetum glaucum, "ADR300"), sorghum (Sorghum bicolor, "AGROMEN70G35"), and cowpea (Vigna unguiculata, "SEMPRE VERDE"). The development time of immatures, body weight, survivorship, and fecundity of H. armigera were evaluated on each host plant under laboratory conditions. The bollworms did not survive on corn, millet, or sorghum and showed very low survival rates on rattlepods. Survival rates were highest on soybean, followed by cotton and cowpea. The values for relative fitness found on soybean, cotton, cowpea, and rattlepods were 1, 0.5, 0.43, and 0.03, respectively. Survivorship, faster development time, and fecundity on soybean, cotton, and cowpea were positively correlated. Larger pupae and greater fecundity were found on soybean and cotton. The results indicated that soybean, cotton, and cowpea are the most suitable plants to support the reproduction of H. armigera in the field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2016
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43. Biology and parasitism of Trichogramma pretiosum Riley, 1879, on Anagasta kuehniella (Zeller, 1879) and Heliocoverpa zea (Boddie, 1850) eggs

Author

SA, L. A. N. de, PARRA, J. R. P., and LUIZ ALEXANDRE NOGUEIRA DE SA, CNPMA.

Subjects
Parasite, corn, parasitism, Helicoverpa Zea, Anagasta Kuehniella, Trichogramma pretiosum, biological control, Pest, Biology, Insect
Abstract

Biological aspects of Thichogramma pretiosum Riley, 1879, reared on factitious host Anagasta kuehniella (Zeller, 1879), were studied in incubators at 25 (+- 1.C); 60 (+- 10%) RH and 14 hour photophase with the aim of obtaining basic information for the biological control of Helicoverpa zea (Boddie, 1850) in corn crop. The average duration of the life cycle (egg-adult) of T. pretiosum was similar when reared on natural and factitious host. Sexual ratio of the parasitoid was not affected by the natural or factitious host. The longevity of T. pretiosum was higher when reared on factitious host relating to natural host. The parasitism capacity of the two strains of T. pretiosum on A. kuehniella eggs was similar, with a high concentration of parasitism in the firstfour days of the female's life. Made available in DSpace on 2017-05-23T23:45:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 1994AP011SaBiology1577.pdf: 299653 bytes, checksum: b21fc0f421ed547b5d981d6ec7dc1eff (MD5) Previous issue date: 1993-10-26

Published
1993

45. Situacao Atual e Perspectivas do Controle Biologico, atraves de Liberacoes Inundativas, no Brasil

Author

PARRA, J. R. P.

Subjects
tecnicas de criacao, Controle Biológico, Criação Massal
Abstract

O controle biologico aplicado preve a producao de inimigos naturais em laboratorio, sobre hospedeiros naturais ou alternativos, sendo que, especialmente em paises de-senvolvidos, busca-se, atualmente, a producao "in vitro", ou seja, a criacao dos parasitoides (ou predadores) em uma dieta artificial, visando a reducao de custos de producao. No Brasil, a despeito do pequeno numero de pesquisadores envolvidos em criacao de insetos, existem excelentes programas de controle biologico, comparaveis aos melhores do mundo, envolven-do criacoes massais de insetos, especialmente em hospedeiros naturais. Os principais progra-mas sao subvencionados por orgaos federais que financiam todas as etapas, entregando os inimigos naturais gratuitamente ao agricultor. Assim, e necessaário que estes agentes biologicos sejam encarados de uma forma semelhante aos produtos quimicos, como medida de con-trole, e que tambem tem um custo de producao. Dessa forma, para a equiparacao com paises desenvolvidos existem algumas barreiras a serem transpostas, incluindo o aumento do numero de pesquisadores envolvidos com areas basicas, bem como liberacao de maior soma de recursos para investigacoes nessa area. Com esses incentivos e com os programas e pesquisadores existentes no Brasil, e considerando-se o potencial de agentes de controle biologico em nosso pais, a perspectiva de utilizacao desses agentes, especialmente em programas de manejo de pragas, so tende a aumentar. Made available in DSpace on 2011-04-09T12:15:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 pab23abresp92.pdf: 420246 bytes, checksum: 0e632548938fde49a2c02cc45a932c2a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2001-08-27

Published
1992

47. Lethal and Sublethal Impacts of Acaricides on Tamarixia radiata (Hemiptera: Eulophidae), an Important Ectoparasitoid of Diaphorina citri (Hemiptera: Liviidae).

Author

LIRA, A. C. S., ZANARDI, O. Z., BELOTI, V. H., BORDINI, G. P., YAMAMOTO, P. T., PARRA, J. R. P., and CARVALHO, G. A.

Subjects
PHYSIOLOGICAL effects of acaricides, HEMIPTERA, EULOPHIDAE, MITES, CITRUS greening disease, PREVENTION
Abstract

The use of synthetic acaricides for management of pest mites may alter the efficacy of the ectoparasitoid Tamarixia radiata (Waterston) in biological control of Diaphorina citri Kuwayama, the vector of the bacteria associated with huanglongbing (HLB) in citrus orchards.We evaluated the toxicity of 16 acaricides that are recommended for the control of citrus-pest mites to T. radiata. Acrinathrin, bifenthrin, carbosulfan, and fenpropathrin caused high acute toxicity and were considered harmful (mortality >77%) to T. radiata. Abamectin, diflubenzuron, etoxazole, fenbutatin oxide, fenpyroximate, flufenoxuron, hexythiazox, propargite, spirodiclofen, and sulfur caused low acute toxicity and affected the parasitism rate and emergence rate of adults (F1 generation), and were considered slightly harmful to T. radiata. Dicofol and pyridaben did not affect the survival and action of the ectoparasitoid, and were considered harmless. In addition to its acute toxicity, carbosulfan caused mortality higher than 25% for >30 d after application, and was considered persistent. Acrinathrin, bifenthrin, fenpropathrin, fenpyroximate, propargite, and sulfur caused mortalities over 25% until 24 d after application and were considered moderately persistent; abamectin was slightly persistent, and fenbutatin oxide was short lived. Our results suggest that most acaricides used to control pest mites in citrus affect the density and efficacy of T. radiata in the biological control of D. citri. However, further evaluations are needed in order to determine the effect of these products on this ectoparasitoid under field conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2015
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50. Nutriçao quantitativa de lagarta do cartucho em milho cultivado para três níveis de alumínio

Author

OLIVEIRA, L. J., PARRA, J. R. P., CRUZ, I., and IVAN CRUZ, CNPMS.

Subjects
Alumínio, Biologia, Lagarta do cartucho, Lime, Pest, Calagem, corn, Milho, Nivel, aluminum, Levels, Praga, Armyworm, Zea Mays, Biology, Spodoptera Frugiperda
Abstract

O experimento foi conduzido em laboratorio, com larvas de lagarta-do-cartucho Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith, 1797). O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado. As lagartas foram alimentadas com folhas de milho procedentes de um solo corrigido para tres niveis de aluminio atraves de calagem com calcario dolomitico. O consumo foliar foi medido em funcao da area e peso, sendo tambem calculados os indices de consumo e utilizacao. Os resultados mostraram que houve resposta compensatoria, onde a lagarta mudou seu comportamento em relacao a tomada de alimento, procurando compensar as dificuldades na digestao e aproveitamento do alimento, variando a ingestao de folhas sem alterar o desenvolvimento larval, as custas, entretanto, de um maior gasto de energia. As folhas de milho produzidas no solo com teor de Al baixo foram as mais adequadas para o inseto, pois foram menos consumidas e melhor digeridas, apresentando o menor custo metabolico. Made available in DSpace on 2021-12-13T02:12:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Nutricao-quantitativa.pdf: 4703082 bytes, checksum: d3eee80f8de3cd5ce66a4c0dca603090 (MD5) Previous issue date: 1990

Published
1990

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