Search

Background: Tubal mesosalpinx cysts are paratubal cysts, that account for approximately 10% of adnexal masses, and the presence of these cysts combined with adnexal torsion is a rare acute abdominal condition, with few cases reported in the literature. We reported two cases of adolescent tubal mesosalpinx cysts combined with adnexal torsion and reviewed the literature to help improve the diagnosis of the disease., Case Reports: The first patient was an 11-year-old girl with left lower abdominal pain for 5 days and fever with nausea and vomiting for 3 days, who was found to have a cystic pelvic mass on preoperative imaging and was diagnosed intraoperatively and postoperatively on pathology as having a left tubal mesosalpinx cyst combined with adnexal torsion. The second patient was a 13-year-old girl with right lower abdominal pain for 16 h and a palpable mass in the lower and middle abdomen on examination, which was hard and tender to palpate. Preoperative imaging revealed a large cystic mass in the right adnexal region, and intraoperative and postoperative pathology revealed a right tubal mesosalpinx cyst combined with adnexal torsion., Conclusions: Tubal mesosalpinx cysts combined with adnexal torsion are rare causes of acute lower abdominal pain. Early diagnosis and timely surgery are necessary to ensure ovarian and tubal function. Accurate preoperative imaging diagnosis is challenging, and MRI is a beneficial supplement to ultrasound and CT examinations, providing more objective imaging information and reducing the incidence of adverse outcomes., (© 2024. The Author(s).)

We describe the case of a 32-year-old female who presented to the emergency department (ED) with a 3-day history of severe epigastric abdominal pain accompanied by nausea, vomiting, and constipation. Past medical history was significant for known right hydrosalpinx and previous pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), without past surgical history. Clinical examination revealed a hemodynamically stable patient with a soft but distended abdomen, tenderness in the epigastric region, without signs of peritonitis. Bloodwork including white blood cell count, electrolytes, and lactic acid was unremarkable. Initial computed tomography (CT) scan of the abdomen and pelvis with contrast demonstrated a small bowel obstruction (SBO) with a transition point in the right lower quadrant, accompanied by mesenteric edema and free fluid. Exploratory laparotomy was performed and revealed obstruction secondary to dense adhesions involving the terminal ileum, appendix, sigmoid colon, and right ovary. Lysis of adhesions, appendectomy, and excision of a right paratubal cyst were performed. Histopathology demonstrated endometriosis of the appendix and a benign paratubal cyst.

Leiomyoma is a benign mesenchymal tumor that develops from smooth muscle cells. It can present in various histological variants. Leiomyoma with bizarre nuclei is an infrequent variant of uterine smooth muscle neoplasm. It is characterized by focally or diffusely distributed bizarre cells on the background of a typical leiomyoma. These bizarre cells are large, multinucleated, or multilobulated and have an eosinophilic cytoplasm. Even though leiomyomas with bizarre nuclei display benign clinical behavior, their differential diagnosis from leiomyosarcoma can sometimes be difficult. Leiomyoma has been described most commonly in the uterus. There is no case of leiomyoma originating from paratubal cysts described in the literature. In this article, we present a rare case of leiomyoma with bizarre nuclei originating from a paratubal cyst.

A 19-year old woman with acute pain in the lower right quadrant of the abdomen was seen in the emergency room. Because we suspected an anomaly of the appendix, we performed a laparoscopy. We unexpectedly found a torsion of a Hydatid of Morgagni, a stalked cyst of the fallopian tube.

Study Objective: Paratubal cysts (PTCs) occur in 7%-10% of women, regardless of age. Although common, PTCs often are found incidentally because of the potential for these cysts to be asymptomatic. The specific aims of the study were to determine if PTC number and size correlated with signs of hyperandrogenism and obesity, as well as to investigate the molecular profiles of these PTCs in samples derived from female adolescents. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS, INTERVENTIONS, AND MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: A prospective cohort study was performed in a single children's hospital. Girls 18 years of age or younger who underwent surgery for PTC suspected on the basis of the presence of a persistent adnexal cyst on imaging or a concern for adnexal torsion involving a cyst were consented to participate in the study., Results: Nineteen patients met enrollment criteria with a mean age at menarche of 11.2 ± 1.3 years. Most of the patients (84%; n = 16/19) had adnexal torsion at the time of diagnosis of PTC. Irregular menses and hirsutism was found in 52.6% (n = 10/19) of the patients, among whom 36.8% (n = 7/19) were obese. The mean PTC size was 10.4 ± 4.3 cm with 57.9% (n = 11/19) of the cohort having more than 1 PTC. When patients were compared on the basis of their body mass index, the size of PTCs was significantly larger in the overweight/obese group. The wingless-type (WNT) signaling members catenin beta 1 (CTNBB1) and wingless-type MMTV integration site family, member 7A (WNT7A) were upregulated in 86% (n = 12/14) and 79% (n = 11/14) of the patients, respectively. WNT7A was significantly upregulated in girls with 1 cyst and low body mass index., Conclusion: A correlation exists between obesity, cyst size, and hyperandrogenism. Activation of the WNT/CTNBB1 pathway via WNT7A might play a role in PTC development., (Copyright © 2017 North American Society for Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

STUDY OBJECTIVE: To report on the presence and rate of endometriosis in hydatid cysts of Morgagni found at the time of excision surgery for endometriosis and to describe any association of endometriosis in hydatid cysts of Morgagni with preoperative or operative factors., Design: A retrospective cohort study (Canadian Task Force Classification II-2)., Setting: The Center for Endometriosis at Saint Louis University, a tertiary referral center for endometriosis., Patients: Women who underwent optimal excision surgery for suspected endometriosis because of chronic pelvic pain and/or infertility and who also had hydatid cysts of Morgagni removed at the time of surgery when found., Interventions: Preoperative and operative data were collected prospectively., Main Outcome Measures: The rate of endometriosis in hydatid cysts of Morgagni. Secondary measures included are the rate of hydatid cysts of Morgagni in patients with pelvic pain or infertility with and without endometriosis in the cysts., Results: The overall prevalence of endometriosis in hydatid cysts of Morgagni was 11.3%. Patients with pelvic pain had a higher rate (although not statistically significant) of hydatid cysts of Morgagni compared with those without pain (21.1% vs 12.5 %, p = .54). Patients with infertility had a higher rate of hydatid cysts of Morgagni compared with those without infertility (38.1% vs 16.7%, p < .001), and there was a higher rate of endometriosis in the hydatid cysts of Morgagni in patients with infertility compared with those without (11.1% vs 0.0%, p < .001)., Conclusions: This study is the first known report of endometriosis found within hydatid cysts of Morgagni. With a rate of 11.3% of cysts of Morgagni having endometriosis within them, this study supports a practice of removing hydatid cysts of Morgagni at the time of surgery in order to achieve optimal excision of endometriosis. The rates of hydatid cysts of Morgagni and of endometriosis found within hydatid cysts of Morgagni were higher in patients with infertility. Further studies are needed to evaluate whether excising cysts of Morgagni affects clinical outcomes., (Copyright © 2017 AAGL. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

A retrospective analysis was conducted on the case files of patients operated on for adnexal pathology between January 2004 and December 2015 at our institution. The data of the patients with a diagnosis of paratubal cysts (PTCs) was extracted. A total of eighty-seven children were operated on for adnexal pathology. Twenty-six (29.9%) patients had PTCs. The patients were predominantly grouped as adolescents (n=22) and newborns (n=3). One of the patients was a pre-pubertal girl. Of the 26 PTC cases, 18 of them occurred on the contralateral side to ovarian pathology (OP) or physiologic ovarian changes (POC) such as corpus luteum cyst or follicular cyst which their final diagnosis confirmed by histopathology examination; in one case, the PTCs were bilateral; and in three cases, PTCs were ipsilateral with OP or POC. There were only 4 solitary PTC cases identified among the 26 cases. Paratubal cysts can be observed at every age, even in newborns. Their association with OP or POC in childhood cases needs to be clarified to further understand the hormonal mechanisms that are influencing the occurrence of these cysts.

Paratubal cysts represent approximately 10% of all adnexal masses. In most cases they are very small, but very few cases are reported in the literature where they exceed 15 cm of diameter. Furthermore, giant paratubal cysts complicated by bilateral hydronephrosis are unique. The Authors describe a case of a huge paratubal cyst (30 cm in diameter), in a 14 year old obese girl, treated by complete laparoscopic enucleation.

We experienced an unreported rare case with an adnexal mass causing severe acute abdomen during pregnancy. A 30-year-old Japanese pregnant woman was transported to our hospital for her right lower abdominal pain at 30 weeks of gestation. Magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasound demonstrated a cyst measuring 3-4 cm in diameter adjacent to the right ovary, and a parovarian cyst was considered to be the most probable diagnosis. We strongly suspected torsion of the ovarian pedicle or fallopian tube in conjunction with her clinical symptoms. Laparotomy revealed that the elongated right fallopian tube accompanied by a paratubal cyst was coiling tightly 2.5 times round the right ovary, causing apparent congestion and enlargement of the right ovary. Soon after we released the congested right ovary from the coiling of the fallopian tube, the congestion subsided. The postoperative course was favorable, and pregnancy and delivery were uneventful., (© 2012 The Authors. Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research © 2012 Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology.)

A 24-year-old woman with no significant past medical or surgical history presented with diffuse abdominal pain and distention with decreased frequency of bowel movements for 1 month. A computerized tomography scan showed a massively dilated cecum suggesting obstruction. Exploratory laparotomy revealed bowel obstruction secondary to a band of fibroadipose tissue associated with paratubal cysts originating from the left fallopian tube. Removal of the band was performed with thorough examination of the bowel confirming absence of perforation or necrosis., (Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Background: Though paratubal and paraovarian cysts are rare in adolescent females, the influence of post-menarchal hormonal stimulation on these tubal derivates can produce large and clinically significant adnexal pathology. Ovarian torsion secondary to paratubal cysts is rare due to the cyst's location and ipsilateral recurrence is uncommon., Case: We report a case of an 11-year-old female with a large right paratubal cyst causing ovarian torsion on two separate occasions within one year and our approach to surgical management., Conclusion: Excision of a paratubal or paraovarian cyst that causes ovarian torsion is necessary to decrease the risk of cyst recurrence and ovarian torsion in the future. Timely diagnosis and treatment of ovarian torsion enables preservation of ovarian function and patient fertility., (Copyright © 2012 North American Society for Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Introduction: Paraovarian or paratubal cysts (PTCs) constitute about 10 % of adnexial masses. Although they are not uncommon; they rarely cause symptoms and are usually incidentally found. Actual incidence is not known. The symptoms occur when they grow excessively, or in case of hemorrhage, rupture or torsion., Methods: Here, literature review reporting the incidence, presentation and complications of PTCs is performed. Uncommon presentations of PTCs in three different cases, a giant PTC, torsion of PTC and borderline paratubal tumor, are also reported and discussed., Results: Ultrasonography, CT or MRI may be performed in preoperative evaluation; but none of these imaging techniques have specific criteria for diagnosis. So, in most cases misdiagnosis as an ovarian mass remains to be a problem., Conclusion: Paratubal cysts can become extremely big before causing symptoms. Torsion is another urgent issue regarding PTCs, necessiating urgent surgery for preservation of the ovary and the tube. Although malignancy is rare, borderline paratubal tumors have been reported in the literature.

Borderline para-ovarian cysts (PCs) are rare entities. They are commonly present in the third decade. Borderline PCs are often discovered fortuitously on routine ultrasound examination or they are common incidental findings during a laparotomy. They must be differentiated from simple ovarian cysts, peritoneal inclusion cysts and hydrosalpinges on ultrasound sonography. Papillary projections on the cyst wall should be searched carefully to suggest diagnosis. The treatment is surgical including fertility -sparing operation or more radical surgery depending on the case. The prognosis is good because borderline PCs are usually early-stage at diagnosis. Here is a report of a 38- year old woman with a borderline paratubal cyst. Adnexal torsion of hydrosalpinx was suspected; thus, she underwent an urgent surgery. Cystectomy was performed without rupture. The final diagnosis revealed a borderline PC. The patient underwent a radical surgery. Currently, she has had no evidence of disease recurrence.

Objective: To evaluate the possible role of hydatid of Morgagni in patients with unexplained infertility., Study Design: This was a non-randomized controlled trial conducted at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Sohag University, Egypt. Two hundred and thirteen patients with unexplained infertility and hydatid of Morgagni diagnosed at laparoscopy were included. The laterality (bilateral vs unilateral), location (fimbrial vs juxta-fimbrial), number (single vs multiple) and diameter of the hydatids of Morgagni were recorded. Patients were allocated to a study group (n=127) who underwent laparoscopic excision of hydatid of Morgagni and a control group (n=86) who underwent no intervention. Patients were followed for six months without any infertility or hormonal treatment to detect spontaneous pregnancy. Patients missed during the follow-up or who received infertility treatment were excluded. Statistical analysis was done using Chi-square test and Student's t-test. To find the most important character of hydatid of Morgagni which impedes pregnancy, logistic regression analysis of the dependent variable (no pregnancy) and independent variables (different characters of hydatid of Morgagni) was carried out in the control group., Results: Hydatid of Morgagni was detected in 52.1% of patients with unexplained infertility compared to 25.6% of those with explained infertility (p<0.001). The pregnancy rate was higher in the study group than the control group (58.7% vs 20.6%, p<0.001). The pregnancy rate was significantly higher in the study group than the control group if the hydatid cyst was bilateral (85.7% vs 5.3%, p<0.001), fimbrial (85.6% and 9.1%, p<0.001), single (57.6% and 30.3%, p<0.001) or 1-2 cm in diameter (58.1% and 25.5%, p<0.001). Logistic analysis showed that the bilaterality and fimbrial location of the hydatid of Morgagni were the most significant characteristics impeding pregnancy (odds ratio=7.27 and 3.67 respectively)., Conclusions: Hydatid of Morgagni is a possible underestimated cause of unexplained infertility. Laparoscopic removal of hydatid of Morgagni in patients with unexplained infertility was followed with a high spontaneous pregnancy rate. This is particularly obvious with bilateral and fimbrial hydatid of Morgagni., (Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Hydatids of Morgagni are very common incidental findings during laparoscopy in women of all age groups. However, torsion of these hydatids is very rarely reported in the literature. This report discusses the importance of considering torsion of hydatids of Morgagni in young adolescent girls who present with acute-onset lower abdominal pain., (Crown Copyright © 2011. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

We conducted this retrospective study to evaluate the outcomes, indications and post-operative findings of adnexal torsion cases and compared the features of benign cystic teratoma with the other cases. We analyzed a series of 143 cases of adnexal torsion from 2000 to 2009 at current clinic, retrospectively. The data were collected from the patient's specific files and hospital records descriptively. The demographic characteristics, sonographic findings and post-operative invention were evaluated. Statistical analyses were carried out by using the statistical packages for SPSS 15.0 for Windows (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). A total of 143 cases were operated for adnexal torsion during the study period at our clinic. The clinical and demographic characteristics of the cases are shown in table 1. Of all patients, forty of them were diagnosed as benign cystic teratoma and this group of the adnexal torsion cases had statistically different gravidy, mass size and torsion number from the non-benign cystic teratoma group. Age was not a statistically different between two groups. According to this study, benign cystic teratoma increases risk of adnexal torsion. When detecting benign cystic teratoma the patients should be informed about the risk of torsion and explained the signs of this situation. The early diagnosis and appropriate surgical management of adnexal torsion is the only way to prevent complications and to preserve future fertility. Being aware of the different sonographic findings of torsionated adnexa may assist in the correct diagnosis of these patients.

Liesegang rings (LRs) are laminated precipitation structures well recognized in the field of chemistry. I present a rare case of a 53-year-old female who consulted for pelvic pain and abnormal uterine bleeding. The pelvic ultrasound revealed intramural and submucous uterine leiomyomas, and she underwent hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy. Gross examination showed several paratubal cysts, which contained multiple eosinophilic concentrically spherical and oval structures of variable size compatible with LRs. In the female genital tract only 8 cases with LRs have been reported. This is the first documented case of LRs appearing in paratubal cysts. LRs formation should be taken into account during the histopathologic examination of paratubal cysts and not be misdiagnosed as a parasitic infection or foreign material within the female genital tract.

Background: Proteus syndrome is a rare hamartomatous disorder characterized by the overgrowth of multiple tissues in a mosaic pattern. Tumors of genitourinary tract in Proteus syndrome are uncommon., Case: We here report a 5-year-old girl with Proteus syndrome who developed a cystic mass in the pelvic cavity. The cyst was discovered by ultrasonographic examination and finally proved to be a unilateral ovarian dermoid cyst accompanied by an ipsilateral paratubal cyst by laparoscopic surgery., Summary and Conclusion: Proteus syndrome accompanied by an ovarian cyst is rare in girls. The possibilities of underlying ovarian cyst required for surgical intervention should be considered in Proteus syndrome., (Copyright 2010 North American Society for Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of Morgagni hydatid (MH) on infertility by comparing women known to be fertile and infertile with respect to MH frequency., Methods: The study was conducted in Gaziantep University Faculty of Medicine with the precipitation of total 455 patients. The 240 of them were pregnant to whom planned cesarean section (C/S) and the other 215 were infertile one who have undergone diagnostic laparoscopy. Fertile Group (Group 1) consisted of women whom have become spontaneously pregnant without any kind of infertility management. These are planned to undergo C/S with different indications. Infertile group (Group 2) consisted of women diagnosed as unexplained infertility and planned to undergo diagnostic laparoscopy according to ASRM 2006 guidelines. The frequency, number, and the bilaterality of the MH were evaluated during the C/S in fertile group and diagnostic laparoscopy in infertile group. SPSS was used for statistical analyses., Results: The MH frequency was higher in Group 2 than Group 1 (P < 0.05). The bilaterality of MHs were significantly higher in Group 2 than Group 1 (P < 0.05).The number of the MHs were significantly higher in Group 2 than Group 1 (P < 0.05)., Conclusions: These findings suggest a possible effect of MH on fertility. The theory of MH disturbing tubal motility with respect to the pick-up and transport of ovum appears logical in this aspect.

Background: A variety of benign cyst may occur in and around the ovary and broad ligament and may simulate serous cystadenomas. The majority of broad ligament and paraovarian epithelial tumors are serous neoplasms of low malignant potential and presented with a pelvic mass with or without ascites or pain, but without involvement of the ovary. Ovarian torsion and paraovarian serous cystadenoma are rarely reported., Case Report: We presented a case of giant paraovarian cyst in an 14-year-old girl, with characteristics of serous cystadenomas grossly and microscopically, and complicated with double adnexal torsion. A computed tomography scan showed large hypodense cystic mass (measuring 30 x 26 x 12 cm), occupying the whole abdominal cavity, with no adhesion to the surrounding organs., Conclusion: Precise clinical data as well as pathological examinations based on immunohistochemical stainings were important in making the diagnosis. These rare cystic lesions of para/mesoovarian location in children and their unclear histogenesis might be a histopathological diagnostical problem.

Objective: Hydatids of Morgagni are common embryonal remnants of the müllerian duct and among the infrequent causes of adnexal torsion. The purpose of this study was to investigate the occurrence of adnexal torsion involving hydatids of Morgagni, as well as its possible mechanisms., Methods: A database search was conducted for cases of adnexal torsion treated in our institution from January 2002 to July 2005. These cases were analyzed, focusing on a subgroup of adolescents with adnexal torsion involving the hydatids of Morgagni., Results: There were 76 patients with adnexal torsion. The rate of hydatid of Morgagni torsion was 26% (4 of 15 cases, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.15-0.51) in the adolescent subgroup (10-19 years old), compared with 0% (0 of 61 cases, 95% CI 0-0.048) in the adult subgroup. The difference between the hydatid torsion rates in the two subgroups was statistically significant (P = .01, 95% CI 0.001-0.532). The four patients with hydatid torsion (postmenarchal girls, aged 13-18 years) were managed with laparoscopic adnexal detorsion and cystectomy of the affected hydatid of Morgagni. At surgery, we noted three different mechanisms of hydatid torsion: torsion of the adnexa together with torsion of the hydatid of Morgagni, torsion of the hydatid of Morgagni with intact adnexa (n = 2), and entanglement of the hydatid's pedicle around the distal fallopian tube. The hydatids of Morgagni were observed on the preoperative transabdominal ultrasonogram in only one patient and appeared as a simple cyst., Conclusion: Adnexal torsion involving the hydatids of Morgagni appears to be more common in adolescents than previously thought., Level of Evidence: III.

Background: Borderline parovarian tumors are found incidentally at surgery or autopsy. They are extremely rare. The majority have been reported in young women and rarely are they large enough to be clinically significant., Case: A 53-year-old multiparous female with a symptomatic paraovarian serous borderline cystadenoma is presented., Discussion: The clinical aspects and subsequent management of related cases are discussed.

We describe endometriosis in an aged rhesus macaque. There was a large mass and a related paraovarian cyst, typical of the disease. Endometriosis is a common finding in nonhuman primate. In this report, we also review the pathophysiology of the disease and summarize the historical and more recent relevant literature. Given the frequency of endometriosis in the rhesus monkey and the long-life spans (15-30 years) of nonhuman primates in captivity, endometriosis should be suspected in animals displaying the earliest signs of the disease: anorexia, dysmenorrhea, menorrhagia, irregular menstrual cycles, or infertility. Despite recent advances in the diagnosis and therapeutic strategies for endometriosis in women, the disease remains a significant cause of morbidity and ultimately, a cause of mortality, in the older nonhuman primate.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency with which sonographic detection of a normal separate ipsilateral ovary enables the diagnosis of paraovarian cysts., Materials and Methods: We reviewed the initial sonographic reports, sonograms, and medical records of 42 patients with surgically proved paraovarian cysts. All sonograms were obtained with a 3.5-MHz transabdominal probe. The location, size, shape, wall thickness, internal echoes of the cyst, and visualization or nonvisualization of the ipsilateral ovaries were recorded during sonographic examination., Results: Forty-six paraovarian cysts were identified in 42 patients. One patient had bilateral cysts, and one had multiple (four) unilateral cysts. A teratoma in one patient and an ovarian cyst in another coexisted with a paraovarian cyst in the same adnexa. With the exception of these two, 31 (76%) of 41 ovaries abutted by cysts were detected. All detectable ovaries were normal. With one exception, all cysts were thin walled and unilocular, and 43 of 46 were anechoic. During surgery, two patients were found to have cyst torsion, two were found to have papillary serous cystadenoma, and one was found to have both., Conclusion: Unlike the findings of previous reports, our results indicate that most patients with paraovarian cysts have a separate, normal ipsilateral ovary that can be detected easily by means of transabdominal sonography, thus aiding in distinguishing paraovarian from true ovarian cysts.

An inguinal hernia containing a parovarian cyst is extremely rare. This phenomenon occurred in a 77-year-old woman who presented with a right groin hernia. The hernia contained a cystic mass that arose between the leaves of the broad ligament and passed with the round ligament through the deep inguinal ring. Through a midline incision the hernial content was mobilized, reduced through the inguinal ring and removed from the abdomen with both ovaries, tubes and uterus. The mass was found to be a parovarian cyst of the mesothelial type.

In this case the unusual combination of an enlarged twisted ovarian cyst, a parovarian cyst, ascites and gall-bladder hydrops is being reported. Literature references regarding the clinical relevance of this problems are given.

The morphological and clinical findings of a papillomatous cystic para-ovarian blastoma are reported. A 48-year old patient had a hysterectomy and partial right salpingectomy in 1974. In 1980 at now age 54 the remaining appendages right and left were removed. The histologic examination of the remaining right appendages showed in the mesorovarium a 17 x 15 x 12 mm diameter papillomatous cystic para-ovarian blastoma with abundant formation of psammoma bodies and numerous lymph follicles in the stroma. The left ovary showed a papillomatous, fibromatous, serous cystadenoma. The aetiology of the papillomatous cystic para-ovarian blastoma is unknown. A relationship to the prior right salpingectomy is unlikely. The concommitant findings of a papillomatous fibromatous serous cystadenoma of the left ovary is suggestive of a tumour diathesis of the mesonephric system in this case.

Scanning-electronoptical and light-optical investigations were performed on 25 Morgagni-hydatids being a special type of parovarial cysts and not descending from the Fallopian tube. An epithelium similar to that of the Fallopian tube was found not depending to cyclic changes. In one case atypical papillary growth with disorder in cellular differentiation causing in an increased proliferation could be demonstrated. As hydatids belong to parovarial cysts, they may become malignant and therefore should be exstirpated in any case.

Between 1965 and 1985 59 paraovarian cystic tumors, were treated at the First Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Catania University, Catania (Italy). In 45.76% of cases (27 cases) the cyst was localized on the right and in 40.67% (24 cases) on the left parametrium, bilaterally in 6.77% (4 cases) and multiple on the same side in 6.77% (4 cases). In 91.52% (54 cases) the patients were in fertile age and 8.48% (5 cases) were in menopause. The dimensions of the cysts varied between 2 and 20 cms, with higher incidence between 6 and 10 cms (49.16%). In 1.69% there was benign neoplastic degeneration (1 case of cystadenoma). In 6.77% (4 cases) there were no symptoms, while pelvic pain and menstrual disorders occurred in 57.62% (34 cases) and 35.59% (21 cases) of cases respectively. In 5.08% (3 cases) there was torsion of the cyst. Enucleation of the cyst was performed in 44.06% (26 cases), and in the other cases therapy was adopted according to the patient's age, parity, associated gynecological pathology and neoplastic degeneration.

527 small parovarial cysts, so-called hydatid cysts, were extirpated as "secondary findings" and examined histologically. 43 cysts (8,16%) were found with a definitely increased proliferation of the epithelium. In 12 cases (2,2%) so-called borderline tumors were detected, and a cystadenocarcinoma was identified in one. The results justify the demand to remove every small cystic or solid tumor in the range of the serous membrane of the small pelvis, and to let follow a routine histological examination.

A case is presented of what is believed to be the first reported instance of endometrioid-type cystadenocarcinoma discovered in a paraovarian cyst. The literature on paraovarian carcinomas is reviewed.

A case of intrapelvic cyst is presented. A 74-year-old woman was admitted with the chief complaint of urinary retention. Intrapelvic cyst was found by computed tomography scan during evaluation for urinary retention. Surgical extirpation was performed and pathological examination revealed paraovarian cyst.