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Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) are one of the extensively utilized nanocarriers in the pharmaceutical field due to their biocompatibility and biodegradability. These features of the carrier system have fuelled its use as the drug delivery system since the last three decades. This review presents different SLN preparation techniques, such as high shear homogenization, hot homogenization, cold homogenization, microemulsion-based technique, etc. The physicochemical nature of SLNs, comprising drug loading, drug release, particle size, zeta potential, stability, cytotoxicity, and cellular uptake, has been concisely discussed. The article also explains why SLNs are preferred to develop drug delivery systems in several pharmaceutical preparations. The key ingredients like lipid, surfactant/ stabilizer accompanied by co-surfactant, cryoprotectant, or charge modifiers used to fabricate SLNs are also briefly conferred. Here is an elaborate discussion of drugs that are used through various routes by the SLN carrier system and their outcome for utilization of this system. Regulatory aspects, patent aspects, and future prospects of SLN are also discussed here., (Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.net.)

Introduction: Iron oxide nanoparticles demonstrate tremendous potential in preserving the ecological balance of the environment since they act as antimicrobial agents and efficient photocatalysts. However, environmental sustainability has challenged the synthesis protocols of nanomaterials., Method: This study compares the green synthesis method with the scalable chemical synthesis method. In this work, Iron oxide nanoparticles were fabricated via the green chemistry technique utilizing the leaf extract of Mentha spicata (M-IONP) and also via the chemical co-precipitation method (C-IONP). The synthesized IONPs were analyzed by different characterization methods such as XRD, FTIR, SEM analysis, ZETA potential measurements, and DLS spectroscopy analysis., Results: The biosynthesized and chemically synthesized IONPs were analyzed for their mechanistic action against different applications like antimicrobial, antioxidant, and degradation of harmful dyes. Interestingly, the biosynthesized IONPs (M-IONP) exhibited more effective antimicrobial efficacy towards Gram-positive and Gram-negative organisms than chemically synthesized IONPs., Conclusion: The green synthesized M-IONP also showed significant antioxidant propensity similar to that of the standards taken. Additionally, green-synthesized M-IONP exhibited enhanced degradation efficacies against Methylene blue, chromium, and sulphamethoxazole in comparison to chemically synthesized IONP., (Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.net.)