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16. β-catenin-mediated immune evasion pathway frequently operates in primary cutaneous melanomas

Author

Nsengimana, J, Laye, J, Filia, A, O'Shea, S, Muralidhar, S, Poźniak, J, Droop, A, Chan, M, Walker, C, Parkinson, L, Gascoyne, J, Mell, T, Polso, M, Jewell, R, Randerson-Moor, J, Cook, GP, Bishop, DT, and Newton-Bishop, J

Abstract

Immunotherapy prolongs survival in only a subset of melanoma patients, highlighting the need to better understand the driver tumor microenvironment. We conducted bioinformatic analyses of 703 transcriptomes to probe the immune landscape of primary cutaneous melanomas in a population-ascertained cohort. We identified and validated 6 immunologically distinct subgroups, with the largest having the lowest immune scores and the poorest survival. This poor-prognosis subgroup exhibited expression profiles consistent with β-catenin–mediated failure to recruit CD141+ DCs. A second subgroup displayed an equally bad prognosis when histopathological factors were adjusted for, while 4 others maintained comparable survival profiles. The 6 subgroups were replicated in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) melanomas, where β-catenin signaling was also associated with low immune scores predominantly related to hypomethylation. The survival benefit of high immune scores was strongest in patients with double-WT tumors for BRAF and NRAS, less strong in BRAF-V600 mutants, and absent in NRAS (codons 12, 13, 61) mutants. In summary, we report evidence for a β-catenin–mediated immune evasion in 42% of melanoma primaries overall and in 73% of those with the worst outcome. We further report evidence for an interaction between oncogenic mutations and host response to melanoma, suggesting that patient stratification will improve immunotherapeutic outcomes.

Published
2018

17. Laparoscopy in management of appendicitis in high, middle and low income countries: A multicenter, prospective, cohort study

Author

Drake, TM, Camilleri-Brennan, J, Tabiri, S, Fergusson, SJ, Spence, R, Fitzgerald, JEF, Bhangu, A, Harrison, EM, Ademuyiwa, AO, Fergusson, S, Glasbey, JC, Khatri, C, Mohan, M, Nepogodiev, D, Soreide, K, Gobin, N, Freitas, AV, Hall, N, Kim, S-H, Negida, A, Jaffry, Z, Chapman, SJ, Arnaud, AP, Recinos, G, Manipal, CE, Amandito, R, Shawki, M, Hanrahan, M, Pata, F, Zilinskas, J, Roslani, AC, Goh, CC, Irwin, G, Shu, S, Luque, L, Shiwani, H, Altamimi, A, Alsaggaf, MU, Rayne, S, Jeyakumar, J, Cengiz, Y, Raptis, DA, Fermani, C, Balmaceda, R, Marta Modolo, M, Macdermid, E, Chenn, R, Yong, CO, Edye, M, Jarmin, M, D'amours, SK, Iyer, D, Youssef, D, Phillips, N, Brown, J, George, R, Koh, C, Warren, O, Hanley, I, Dickfos, M, Nawara, C, Oefner, D, Primavesi, F, Mitul, AR, Mahmud, K, Hussain, M, Hakim, H, Kumar, T, Oosterkamp, A, Assouto, PA, Lawani, I, Souaibou, YI, Tun, AK, Chong, CL, Devadasar, GH, Qadir, MRM, Aung, KP, Yeo, LS, Palomino Castillo, VD, Munhoz, MM, Moreira, G, Barros De Castro Segundo, LC, Khouri Ferreira, SA, Careta, MC, Kim, SB, De Sousa, AV, Lazzarini Cury, AD, Soares Miguel, GP, Carreiro De Freitas, AV, Silvestre, BP, Pinto Vianna, JG, Felipe, CO, Valente Laufer, LA, Altoe, F, Da Silva, LA, Pimenta, ML, Giuriato, TF, Bezerra Morais, PA, Luiz, JS, Araujo, R, Menegussi, J, Leal, M, Barroso de Lima, CV, Tatagiba, LS, Leal, A, Dos Santos, DV, Fraga, GP, Simoes, RL, Stock, S, Nigo, S, Kabba, J, Ngwa, TE, King, S, Zani, A, Azzie, G, Firdouse, M, Kushwaha, S, Agarwal, A, Bailey, K, Cameron, B, Livingston, M, Horobjowsky, A, Deckelbaum, DL, Razek, T, Marinkovic, B, Grasset, E, D'aguzan, N, Jimenez, J, Macchiavello, R, Zhang, Z, Guo, W, Oh, J, Zheng, F, Montes, I, Sierra, S, Mendez, M, Isabel Villegas, M, Mendoza Arango, MC, Mendoza, I, Naranjo Aristizabal, FA, Montoya Botero, JA, Quintero Riaza, VM, Restrepo, J, Morales, C, Cruz, H, Munera, A, Karlo, R, Domini, E, Mihanovic, J, Radic, M, Zamarin, K, Pezelj, N, Hache-Marliere, M, Batista Lemaire, S, Rivas, R, Khyrallh, A, Hassan, A, Shimy, G, Fahmy, MAB, Nabawi, A, Elfil, M, Ghoneem, M, Gohar, ME-SAM, Asal, M, Abdelkader, M, Gomah, M, Rashwan, H, Karkeet, M, Gomaa, A, Hasan, A, Elgebaly, A, Saleh, O, Fattah, AA, Gouda, A, Elshafay, AE, Gharib, A, Menshawy, A, Hanafy, M, Al-Mallah, A, Abdulgawad, M, Baheeg, M, Alhendy, M, AbdelFattah, I, Kenibar, A, Osman, O, Gemeah, M, Mohammed, A, Adel, A, Sayed, A, Abozaid, M, Kotb, AHE-B, Ata, AAA, Nasr, M, Alkammash, A, Saeed, M, Abd El Hamid, N, Attia, AM, Abd El Galeel, A, Elbanby, E, El-Dien, KS, Hantour, U, Alahmady, O, Mansour, B, Elkorashy, AM, Taha, EMS, Lasheen, KT, Elkolaly, SS, Abdel-Wahab, NYE, Abozyed, MAF, Saeed, AM, El Sayed, GS, Youssif, JH, Ahmed, SM, El-Shahat, NS, Khedr, AE-RH, Elsebaaye, AO, Elzayat, M, Abdelraheim, M, Elzayat, I, Warda, M, El Deen, KN, Elnemr, AE, Salah, O, Abbas, M, Rashad, M, Elzayyat, I, Hemeda, D, Tawfik, G, Salama, M, Khaled, H, Seisa, M, Elshaer, K, Hussein, A, Elkhadrawi, M, Afifi, AM, Ebrahim, OS, Metwally, MM, Elmelegy, R, Elsawahly, DME, Safa, H, Nofal, E, Elbermawy, M, Ghazy, AA, Samih, H, Abdelgelil, A, Abdelghany, S, El Kholy, A, Aboraya, M, Elkady, F, Salma, M, Samy, S, Fakher, R, Aboarab, A, Samir, A, Sakr, A, Haroun, A, Al-Aarag, AA-R, Elkholy, A, Elshanwany, S, Ghanem, E, Tammam, A, Hammad, AM, El Shoura, Y, El Ashal, G, Khairy, H, Antar, S, Mehrez, S, Abdelshafy, M, Hamad, MGM, Hosh, M, Abdallah, E, Magdy, B, Alzayat, T, Gamaly, E, Elfeki, H, Abouzahra, A, Elsheikh, S, Elgendy, FI, Abd El-Salam, F, Seifelnasr, O, Ammar, M, Eysa, A, Sadek, A, Toeema, AG, Nasr, A, Abuseif, M, Zidan, H, Barakat, SAE, Elsayed, N, Abd Elrasoul, Y, Elkelany, A, Ammar, MS, Mustafa, M-A, Hegazy, Y, Etman, M, Saad, S, Alrahawy, M, Raslan, A, Morsi, M, Rslan, A, Sabry, A, Elwakil, H, Shaker, H, Abd-Elrasoul, Y, El-Kashef, H, Shaalan, M, Tarek, A, Elwan, A, Nayel, AR, Seif, M, Emadeldin, D, Ghonaim, MA, Almallah, A, Fouad, A, Sayma, EA, Elbatahgy, A, El-Ma'doul, AS, Mosad, A, Tolba, H, Elsorogy, DEAA, Mostafa, HA, Omar, AA, Abd El Hameed, OS, Lasheen, A, Abd El Salam, Y, Morsi, A, Ismail, M, El-badawy, HA, Amer, MA, El-Hamouly, AS, Attallah, NA, Mosalum, O, Afandy, A, Mokhtar, A, Abouelnasr, A, Ayad, S, Shaker, R, Sakr, R, Amreia, M, Elsobky, S, Mustafa, M, El Magd, AA, Marey, A, Hafez, AT, Zalabia, MF, Mohamed, MM, Fadel, A, Ahmed, EA, Ali, A, Alwafai, MG, Dwydar, A, Kharsa, S, Mamdouh, E, El-Sheemy, H, AlYoussef, I, Aly, AK, Aldalaq, A, Alnawam, E, Alkhabbaz, D, Saad, M, Hussein, S, Elazayem, AA, Meshref, A, Elashmawy, M, Mousa, M, Nashaat, A, Ghanem, S, Elsayed, ZM, Elwaey, A, Elkadsh, I, Darweesh, M, Mohameden, A, Hafez, M, Badr, A, Badwy, A, Abd El Slam, M, Elazoul, M, Al-Nahrawi, S, Eldamaty, L, Nada, F, Ameen, M, Hagar, A, Elsehimy, M, Dawoud, H, El Mesery, S, El Gendy, A, Abdelkareem, A, Marey, AS, Allam, M, Shehata, S, Abozeid, K, Elshobary, M, Fahiem, A, Sarsik, S, Hashish, A, Zidan, M, Hashish, M, Aql, S, Elhendawy, AOA, Husseini, M, Kasem, E, Gheith, A, Elfouly, Y, Soliman, AR, Ibrahim, Y, Elfouly, N, Fawzy, A, Rashid, M, Elsherbiny, AS, Sieda, B, Badwi, NM, Mohammed, MMH, Mohamed, O, Habeeb, MA, Worku, M, Starr, N, Desta, S, Wondimu, S, Abebe, NS, Thomas, E, Asele, FA, Dabessa, D, Zerihun, AB, Mentula, P, Leppaniemi, A, Sallinen, V, Scalabre, A, Frade, F, Irtan, S, Graffeille, V, Gaignard, E, Alimi, Q, Graffieille, V, Abbo, O, Mouttalib, S, Bouali, O, Hervieux, E, Aigrain, Y, Botto, N, Faure, A, Fievet, L, Panait, N, Eyssartier, E, Schmitt, F, Podevin, G, Parent, V, Martin, A, Muller, C, Bonnard, A, Peycelon, M, Abantanga, F, Boakye-Yiadom, K, Bukari, M, Owusu, F, Awuku-Asabre, J, Bray, LD, Lytras, D, Psarianos, K, Bamicha, A, Kefalidi, E, Gemenetzis, G, Dervenis, C, Gouvas, N, Agalianos, C, Kontos, M, Kouraklis, G, Karousos, D, Germanos, S, Marinos, C, Anthoulakis, C, Nikoloudis, N, Mitroudis, N, Estupinian, S, Forno, W, Arevalo Azmitia, JR, Ramarez Cabrera, CC, Guevara, R, Aguilera, M, Mendez, N, Azmitia Mendizabal, CA, Ramazzini, P, Contreras Urquizu, M, Tale, F, Soley, R, Barrios, E, Marroquin Rodriguez, DE, Perez Velasquez, CI, Contreras Merida, SM, Regalado, F, Lopez, M, Siguantay, M, Lam, FY, Szeto, KJ-Y, Szeto, CCL, Li, WS, Li, KKK, Leung, MF, Mak, T, Ng, S, Prasad, SS, Kirishnan, A, Gyanchandani, N, Kumar, BS, Rangarajan, M, Bhat, S, Sreedharan, A, Kinnera, SV, Reddy, Y, Venugopal, C, Kumar, S, Mittal, A, Nadkarni, S, Lakshmi, HN, Malik, P, Limaye, N, Pai, S, Jain, P, Khajanchi, M, Satoskar, S, Satoskar, R, Bin Mahamood, A, Sutanto, EPR, Soeselo, DA, Tedjaatmadja, C, Rahmawati, FN, Mayasari, M, Al-Hasani, RKMJ, Al-Hameedi, HII, Ibraheem, HI, Al-Azraqi, IAA, Sabeeh, L, Kamil, R, Telfah, MM, Rasendran, A, Sheehan, J, Kerley, R, Normile, C, Gilbert, RW, Song, J, Dablouk, M, Mauro, L, Dablouk, MO, Kielty, P, Marks, E, Gosling, S, Mccarthy, M, Mirghani, D, Naqvi, SA, Wong, CS, Chung, S, D'cruz, R, Cahill, R, Gosling, SG, Fahy, C, Cadogan, DD, Powell, A, Gilbert, R, Clifford, C, Driscoll, A, Paul, S, Lee, C, Bowe, R, Hutch, W, Mohan, H, O'neill, M, Mealy, K, Danelli, P, Bondurri, A, Maffioli, A, Pasini, M, Pata, G, Roncali, S, Silvani, P, Carlucci, M, Faccincani, R, Bonavina, L, Macchitella, Y, Ceriani, C, Tugnoli, G, Di Saverio, S, Khattab, K, Paludi, MA, Pata, D, Cloro, LM, Allegri, A, Ansaloni, L, Coccolini, F, Veronese, E, Bortolasi, L, Hasheminia, A, Nastri, G, Dal Canto, M, Cucumazzo, S, Benevento, A, Tessera, G, Grandinetti, PP, Maniscalco, A, Lamanna, GL, Turati, L, Sgroi, G, Rausa, E, Villa, R, Monteleone, M, Merlini, D, Grassi, V, Cirocchi, R, Cacurri, A, Waleed, H, Diab, A, Elzowawi, F, Jokubauskas, M, Varkalys, K, Venskutonis, D, Pranevicius, R, Ambrozeviciute, V, Juciute, S, Skardziukaite, A, Bradulskis, S, Urbanavicius, L, Austraite, A, Riauka, R, Dambrauskas, Z, Karumnas, P, Urniezius, Z, Zilinskiene, R, Rudzenskaite, A, Usaityte, A, Montrimaite, M, Kaselis, N, Strazdas, A, Jokubonis, K, Maceviciute, K, Beisa, V, Poskus, T, Strupas, K, Laugzemys, E, Kolosov, A, Jotautas, V, Rakita, I, Mikalauskas, S, Kazanavicius, D, Rackauskas, R, Rakauskas, R, Preckailaite, E, Coomber, R, Johnson, K, Nowers, J, Periasammy, D, Salleh, A, Das, A, Tze, RGE, Kumar, MN, Abdullah, NAN, Kosai, NR, Taher, M, Rajan, R, Chong, HY, Agius, M, Borg, E, Bezzina, M, Bugeja, R, Vella-Baldacchino, M, Spina, A, Psaila, J, Francois-Coridon, H, Tolg, C, Colombani, J-F, Diaz-Zorrilla, C, Ramos-De La Medina, A, Corro-Diaz Gonzalez, S, Jacobe, M, Mapasse, D, Snyder, E, Oumer, R, Osman, M, Mohammad, A, Anyanwu, L-J, Sheshe, A, Adesina, A, Faturoti, O, Taiwo, O, Ibrahim, MH, Nasir, AA, Suleiman, SI, Adeniyi, A, Adesanya, O, Adebanjo, A, Osuoji, R, Atobatele, K, Ogunyemi, A, Williams, O, Oludara, M, Oshodi, O, Ademuyiwa, A, Lawal, AO, Alakaloko, F, Elebute, O, Osinowo, A, Bode, C, Adesuyi, A, Tade, A, Adekoya, A, Nwokoro, C, Ayandipo, OO, Lawal, TA, Ajao, AE, Ali, SS, Odeyemi, B, Olori, S, Popoola, A, Adeyeye, A, Adeniran, J, Lossius, WJ, Havemann, I, Thorsen, K, Narvestad, JK, Wold, TB, Nymo, L, Elsiddig, M, Dar, M, Bhopal, KF, Iftikhar, Z, Furqan, MM, Nighat, B, Jawaid, M, Khalique, A, Zil-E-Ali, A, Rashid, A, Dharamshi, HA, Naqvi, T, Faraz, A, Anwar, AW, Yaseen, TM, Shamsi, GS, Shamsi, G, Yaseen, T, Anwer, W, Paredes Decoud, H, Aguilera, O, Zelada Alvarez, II, Marcelo Delgado, J, Machain Vega, GM, Segovia Lohse, HA, Messa Aguilar, WL, Cabala Chiong, JA, Manchego Bautista, AC, Huaman, E, Zegarra, S, Camacho, R, Vergara Celis, JM, Romani Pozo, DA, Hamasaki, J, Temoche, E, Herrera-Matta, J, Garcia Torres, CP, Alvarez Barreda, LM, Barrionuevo Ojeda, RR, Garaycochea, O, Castro Mollo, M, Linares Delgado, MSDFT, Fujii, F, Aranzabal Durand, SY, Arroyo Basto, CA, Urbina Rojas, NM, Shu Yip, SB, Contreras Vergara, AL, Rosas Moran, AE, Borda Luque, G, Rodriguez Castro, M, Alvarado Jaramillo, R, Manrique Sila, G, Elizabeth Lopez, C, Zapata Ponze De Leon, M, Machaca, M, Coasaca Huaraya, R, Arenas, A, Lopez, C, Herrera Puma, CM, Pino, W, Hinojosa, C, Limache, S, Manrrique Sila, G, Mercado Rodriguez, L-A, Melo, R, Costa-Maia, J, Muralha, N, Sauvat, F, Dan, I, Hogea, M, Eduard, P, Bratu, R-M, Beuran, M, Diaconescu, I-B, Martian, B-V, Iordache, F-M, Vartic, M, Vida, LC, Muntean, LI, Mironescu, AS, Nsengimana, VJP, Niragire, A, Ingabire, JDLCA, Niyirera, E, Zanini, N, Jovine, E, Landolfo, G, Alomar, IN, Alnuqaydan, SA, Altwigry, AM, Othman, M, Osman, N, Alqahtani, E, Alzahrani, M, Alyami, R, Aljohani, E, Alhabli, I, Mikwar, Z, Almuallem, S, Nawawi, A, Bakhaidar, M, Maghrabi, AA, Alsaggaf, M, Aljiffry, M, Altaf, A, Khoja, A, Habeebullah, A, Akeel, N, Ghandora, N, Almoflihi, A, Huwait, A, Al-shammari, A, Al-Mousa, M, Alghamdi, M, Adham, W, Albeladi, B, Alfarsi, MA, Mahdi, A, Al Awwad, S, Nouh, T, Hassanain, M, Aldhafeeri, S, Sadig, N, Algohary, O, Aledrisy, M, Gudal, A, Alrifaie, A, AlRowais, M, Althwainy, A, Shabkah, A, Alamoudi, U, Alrajraji, M, Alghamdi, B, Aljohani, S, Daqeeq, A, Al-Faifi, JJ, Jennings, V, Ngayu, N, Moore, R, Kong, V, Kretzmann, H, Connor, K, Nel, D, Sampson, C, Panieri, E, Sishuba, N, Tun, M, Mphatsoe, AM, Carreira, J-A, Teasdale, E, Wagener, M, Botes, S, Du Plessis, D, Fernandez-Bueno, F, Aguilar-Jimenez, J, Andres Garcia-Marin, J, Solar Garcia, L, Garcia Florez, LJ, Arias Pacheco, RD, Pagnozzi, J, Jara Quezada, JH, Luis Rodicio, J, Minguez, G, Rodriguez-Uria, R, Ugalde, P, Lopez-Arevalo, C, Barneo, L, Gonzales Stuva, JP, Ortega-Vazquez, I, Rodriguez, L, Herrera, N, Arachchi, PP, Senanayake, WSMKJ, Arachchige, LAJJ, Sivaganesh, S, Samaraweera, DI, Thanusan, V, Musa, AEK, Balila, RMH, Mohamed, MAEH, Ali, H, Elabdin, HZ, Mahdi, S, Ahmed, H, Idris, SAI, Elsayed, M, Mahmoud, M, Boijsen, M, Lundgren, P-O, Gustafsson, U, Kiasat, A, Wogensen, F, Jurdell, E, Thorell, A, Thorarinsdottir, H, Utter, M, Sundstrom, SM, Wredberg, C, Kjellin, A, Nyberg, J, Frisk, B, Sund, M, Andersson, L, Gunnarsson, U, Ahlqvist, S, Bjorklund, I, Royson, H, Weber, P, Pahlsson, H-I, Borin, E, Hjertberg, M, Schmid, R, Schivo, D, Despotidis, V, Breitenstein, S, Staerkle, RF, Schadde, E, Deichsel, F, Gerosa, A, Nocito, A, Mijuskovic, B, Zuber, M, Eisner, L, Kruspi, S, Reinisch, KB, Schoewe, C, Novak, A, Palma, AF, Teufelberger, G, Kimaro, M, King, R, Balkan, AZA, Gumar, M, Yavuz, MA, Karabacak, U, Lap, G, Ozkan, BB, Karakahya, M, Adams, R, Morton, R, Henderson, L, Gratton, R, Clement, KD, Chang, KY-C, Mcnish, D, Mcintosh, R, Milligan, W, Skelly, B, Anderson-Knight, H, Lawther, R, Onimowo, J, Shatkar, V, Tharmalingam, S, Woin, E, Fautz, T, Ziff, O, Dindyal, S, Arman, S, Talukder, S, Gadhvi, V, Chew, LS, Heath, J, Blencowe, N, Hallam, S, Gash, K, Mannu, GS, Zachariades, D-C, Snaith, AC, Hettiarachchi, TS, Nesaratnam, A, Wheeler, J, McCullagh, D, Clements, JM, Khan, A, Koumpa, F, Neophytou, C, Roth, J, Soon, WC, Deputy, M, Ahmed, A, Ashton, A, Vincent, J, Almy, J, Khan, T, Allen, JLY, Mcintyre, CJ, Marshall, DC, Sykes, M, Behar, N, Jordan, H, Rajjoub, Y, Sherman, T, White, T, Watts, A, Ardley, R, Arulampalam, T, Shah, A, Brown, D, Blower, E, Sutton, P, Gasteratos, K, Vimalachandran, D, Magee, C, Mcguigan, A, Mcaleer, S, Morgan, C, Braungart, S, Lafferty, K, Labib, P, Tanase, A, Mangan, C, Reza, L, Woodward, H, Gouldthorpe, C, Turner, M, Wild, JRL, Malik, TAM, Proctor, VK, Hewage, K, Davies, J, Dubois, A, Sarwary, S, Zardab, A, Grant, A, Mcintyre, R, Mogan, YP, Ho, W, Chong, BFHK, Tewari, S, Humm, G, Farinella, E, Hall, NJ, Wright, NJ, Major, CP, Xerri, T, Amin, J, Farhad, M, Camilleri-Brennan, JF, Robertson, AGN, Swann, J, Richards, J, Jabbar, A, De Bono, P, Attard, M, Burns, H, Macdonald, E, Baldacchino, M, Skehan, J, Hall, TF, Gimzewska, M, Mclachlan, G, Shah, J, Giles, J, Chiu, S, Weber, B, Chiu, SMY, Highcock, S, Hassan, M, Beasley, W, Vlachogiorgos, A, Dias, S, Maharaj, G, Mcdonald, R, Macdonald, A, Witherspoon, P, Baird, A, Sarmah, P, Green, N, Youssef, H, Cross, K, Rees, CM, Van Duren, B, Upchurch, E, Khan, K, Abudeeb, H, Hammad, A, Karandikar, S, Bowley, D, Karim, A, Chachulski, W, Richardson, L, Dawnay, G, Thompson, B, Mistry, A, Ghetia, M, Roy, S, Al-Obaedi, O, Das, K, Prabhudesai, A, Cocker, DM, Tan, JJ, Tyler, R, Di Franco, F, Ayyar, S, Vivekanantham, S, Gokani, S, Gillespie, M, Gudlaugsdottir, K, Pezas, T, Currow, C, Kim, MY-H, Birring, A, Edwards, J, Das, S, Jha, M, Atkinson, K, Luck, J, Fozard, T, Puttick, M, Salama, Y, Shah, R, Ibrahem, AA, Ebdewi, H, Gravante, G, El-Rabaa, S, Nnajiuba, H, Allott, R, Bhargava, A, Chan, Z, Hassan, Z, Makinde, M, Hemingway, D, Dean, R, Boddy, A, Aber, A, Patel, V, Parakh, J, Parthiban, S, Ubhi, HK, Hosein, S-P, Ward, S, Malik, K, Jennings, L, Newton, T, Alkhouri, M, Kang, MK, Houlden, C, Barry, J, Raza, I, Farquharson, A, Bhattacharya, S, Chang, K, Wilson, MSJ, Neo, YN, Ibrahim, I, Chan, E, Peck, FS, Lim, PJ, North, AS, Blundell, R, Williamson, A, Fouad, D, Minocha, A, Mccarthy, K, Court, E, Chambers, A, Yee, J, Tham, JC, Beaton, C, Walsh, U, Lockey, J, Bokhari, S, Howells, L, Griffiths, M, Yallop, L, Singh, S, Nasher, O, Jackson, P, Shariffuddin, AM, Ho, WC, Pabla, G, Ramzi, S, Zeidan, S, Doughty, J, Sinha, S, Davenport, R, Lewis, J, Duffy, L, Mcaleer, E, Williams, E, Som, R, Javed, O, Boal, M, Harrison, N, Tafazal, H, Brogden, T, Griffiths, E, Obute, RD, Glover, TE, Clark, DJ, Boshnaq, M, Akhtar, M, Capleton, P, Doughan, S, Rabie, M, Mohamed, I, Samuel, D, Dickson, L, Kennedy, M, Dempster, E, Brown, E, Maple, N, Monaghan, E, Wolf, B, Garland, A, Mcphee, A, Anderson, D, Anderson, R, Hassan, S, Smith, D, Lund, J, Boereboom, C, Murphy, J, Tierney, G, Tou, S, Zimmermann, EF, Smart, NJ, Warwick, AM, Stasinou, T, Daniels, I, Findlay-Cooper, K, Mitrasinovic, S, Ray, S, Varcada, M, D'Souza, R, Omara, S, Spurr, M, Parkinson, L, Hanks, A, Ma, J, Abington, E, Ramcharn, M, Williams, G, Winstanley, J, Kennedy, ED, Yeung, ENW, Jones, C, O'neill, S, Lim, SJ, Liew, I, Nair, H, Fairfield, C, Koh, S, Wilson, A, Anandkumar, D, Kirupagaran, A, Jones, TF, Torrance, HDT, Fowler, AJ, Chandrakumar, C, Patel, P, Ashraf, SF, Lakhani, SM, Mclean, AL, Basson, S, Batt, J, Bowman, C, Stoddart, M, Benons, N, Mason, C, Harrison, R, Quayle, J, Barker, T, Summerour, V, Harper, E, Smith, C, Hampton, M, Pitt, SK, Ward, AE, O'Connor, T, Heywood, EG, Chowdhury, A, Hossaini, S, Watson, NFS, Mckechnie, D, Farah, A, Chun, A, Koh, H, Lim, G, Sunderland, G, Gould, L, Munipalle, PC, Rooney, H, Browning, DRL, Pereira, B, Nemeth, K, Decker, E, Giuliani, S, Shalaby, A, Shaikh, S, Tan, CY, Palkhi, EYA, Szczap, A, Chidambaram, S, Chen, CY, Kulasabanathan, K, Chhabra, S, Kostov, E, Harbord, P, Barnacle, J, Palliyil, MM, Zikry, M, Porter, J, Raslan, C, Hafiz, S, Soltani, N, Baillie, K, Singh, P, Sheth, S, Patel, K, Khalili, M, Choi, J, Benger, M, Marples, L, Macfarlane, A, Thurairaja, R, Boyce, T, Whewell, H, Jones, E, Th'ng, F, Robertson, N, Mirza, A, Saeed, H, Galloway, S, Elena, G, Afzal, M, Zakir, M, Sodde, P, Hand, C, Sriram, A, Clark, T, Holton, P, Livesey, A, Sinha, Y, Iqbal, FM, Bharj, IS, Rotundo, A, Jenvey, C, Slade, R, Golding, D, Haines, S, Abdullah, AAN, Tilston, TW, Loughran, D, Donoghue, D, Giacci, L, Sherif, MA, Harrison, P, Tang, A, Kotecha, D, Elshaer, M, Urbonas, T, Riaz, A, Chapman, A, Acharya, P, Shalhoub, J, Grossart, C, McMorran, D, Mlotshwa, M, Hawkins, W, Loizides, S, Krishna, K, Orchard, M, Ho, CW, Thomson, P, Khan, S, Taylor, F, Shukla, J, Howie, EE, Macdonald, L, Komolafe, O, Mcintyre, N, Cragg, J, Parker, J, Stewart, D, Lintin, L, Tracy, J, Farooq, T, Molina, G, Kaafarani, H, Beyene, R, Sava, J, Scott, M, Swaroop, M, Kennedy, R, Azodo, IA, Heffernan, D, Chun, T, Stephen, A, Sion, M, Weinstein, MS, Punja, V, Bugaev, N, Goodstein, M, Razmdjou, S, Etchill, E, Puyana, JC, Kesinger, M, Napolitano, L, To, K, Hemmila, M, Todd, O, Jenner, E, Hoogakker, E, Chen, JHC, Ismail, L, Roi, D, Escobar, EG, Clinicum, II kirurgian klinikka, Department of Surgery, Pertti Panula / Principal Investigator, HUS Abdominal Center, and OMÜ

Subjects
Male, SURGERY, Disease, 030230 surgery, DISEASE, 0302 clinical medicine, Risk Factors, Appendicitis, Appendectomy, Global surgery, Laparoscopic, Operative standards, Postoperative care, Postoperative complications, Surgical site infection, 80 and over, Medicine, Prospective Studies, appendectomy, appendicitis, global surgery, laparoscopic, operative standards, postoperative care, postoperative complications, surgical site infection, Prospective cohort study, Laparoscopy, Child, Aged, 80 and over, medicine.diagnostic_test, Middle Aged, 3. Good health, Treatment Outcome, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Female, HEALTH, BURDEN, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Developing country, APPENDECTOMY, GlobalSurg Collaborative, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, Internal medicine, Surgery, Humans, Emergency appendectomy, Surgical emergency, Propensity Score, Developing Countries, Aged, Science & Technology, SURGICAL CARE, business.industry, Developed Countries, Kirurgi, 1103 Clinical Sciences, medicine.disease, 3126 Surgery, anesthesiology, intensive care, radiology, Emergencies, Follow-Up Studies, Postoperative Complications, business
Abstract

Mak, Tony W. C./0000-0002-4516-3124; Peycelon, Matthieu/0000-0003-3617-4849; Ng, Simon S. M./0000-0002-5389-9297; Negida, Ahmed/0000-0001-5363-6369; Di Saverio, Salomone/0000-0001-5685-5022; Poskus, Tomas/0000-0002-6931-6041; Mihanovic, Jakov/0000-0001-6450-2956; Lund, Jonathan/0000-0001-5195-2181; Alshara, Ahmed/0000-0002-8127-3873; Maffioli, Anna/0000-0001-7116-4019; Smart, Neil/0000-0002-3043-8324; Roslani, April Camilla/0000-0003-2458-965X; Elfeki, Hossam/0000-0003-0704-4068; Samaraweera, Dulan/0000-0001-8334-8157; Mironescu, Aurel/0000-0003-1827-6948; Gemeah, Mostafa/0000-0002-9145-9348; Antar, Sarah/0000-0001-6091-2835; Labib, Peter LZ/0000-0003-2362-9218; Nouh, Thamer/0000-0002-7118-7453; Soreide, Kjetil/0000-0001-7594-4354; Rabie, Mohamed A/0000-0001-7799-2931; Ansaloni, Luca/0000-0001-6427-0307; Pata, Francesco/0000-0003-2634-1199; Barneo, Luis/0000-0001-9410-4262; Fahmy, Mohamed/0000-0002-3570-1742; Coccolini, Federico/0000-0001-6364-4186; Mikalauskas, Saulius/0000-0002-5191-1491; ALI, EMAD ALI AHMED/0000-0003-4384-0934; Cirocchi, Roberto/0000-0002-2457-0636; Nepogodiev, Dmitri/0000-0002-2171-2862; Mitul, Ashrarur Rahman/0000-0002-7100-7723; Zalabia, Mohamed Fadel/0000-0003-2372-2914; Fahmy, Mohamed A Baky/0000-0002-3570-1742; Glasbey, James/0000-0001-7688-5018; Shaikh, Shafaque/0000-0002-4536-9595; Furqan, Muhammad Mohsin/0000-0003-0719-5069; Boddy, Alexander P/0000-0001-7243-0155; Vimalachandran, Dale/0000-0001-5817-8969; Iordache, Florin/0000-0001-7108-7279; Merlini, David A/0000-0002-7981-7149; Beuran, Mircea/0000-0002-0889-1675; Jaffry, Zahra/0000-0003-4101-2246; Hassan, Mariam/0000-0001-6160-9723; Mohan, Midhun/0000-0002-1865-8623; Germanos, Stylianos/0000-0002-1640-1226; afifi, ahmed/0000-0002-4294-8217; Alhendy, Mohammed/0000-0003-3434-1156; Ozkan, Bahar Busra/0000-0002-0939-8049; Todd, Oliver/0000-0001-7212-8095; Ali, Ased/0000-0001-9576-9047; Torrance, Hew David/0000-0002-3854-1748; Morsi, Mahmoud/0000-0002-6621-0751; Lawal, Taiwo Akeem/0000-0002-8632-5783; Bondurri, Andrea/0000-0002-6521-5876; Chapman, Stephen/0000-0003-2413-5690; morsi, mahmoud/0000-0001-6825-7361; Arman, Sam/0000-0001-9620-5171; Lopez, Crislee/0000-0002-8775-3675; van Duren, Bernard/0000-0003-1877-8227; Hanrahan, Michael/0000-0002-2358-5975; , paolo/0000-0001-9844-3149; Lim, Shujing Jane/0000-0003-4970-7405; Turati, Luca/0000-0002-6958-6682; Shehata, Sherif/0000-0002-9733-006X; LAWANI, Ismail/0000-0001-5022-6313; FAURE, alice/0000-0002-3327-6391; Attia, Attia/0000-0003-2602-7263; Tham, Ji Chung/0000-0003-1796-9347; Segovia Lohse, Helmut Alfredo/0000-0003-3255-5345; Sgroi, Giovanni/0000-0003-4956-124X; Mohammed, Mohammed Mustafa Hassan/0000-0003-3013-1792; Warren, Oliver/0000-0001-8948-7473; SHAWKI, Marwan/0000-0001-6053-5523; Abbo, Olivier/0000-0002-4202-4284; Fitzgerald, James/0000-0002-4453-5117; Thorell, Anders/0000-0001-7238-1728; Daniels, Ian/0000-0002-9114-0812; Khatri, Chetan/0000-0002-3961-1314; Hassanain, Mazen/0000-0002-2441-5142; Wright, Naomi/0000-0003-4105-8009; Elgebaly, Ahmed/0000-0002-8324-0960; Tanase, Andrei/0000-0001-9465-8302; IMOROU SOUAIBOU, Yacoubou/0000-0002-1908-6698; Scalabre, Aurelien/0000-0001-7361-1900; Pata, Giacomo/0000-0001-7867-9349; McGuigan, Andrew/0000-0002-5097-5063; Marshall, Dominic/0000-0002-3498-2511; Stoddart, Michael/0000-0001-7346-324X; Amandito, Radhian/0000-0002-1211-7973; Hammad, Ali/0000-0003-1894-3480; ZANI, AUGUSTO/0000-0003-2283-9846 WOS: 000438285100004 PubMed: 29623470 Background Appendicitis is the most common abdominal surgical emergency worldwide. Differences between high- and low-income settings in the availability of laparoscopic appendectomy, alternative management choices, and outcomes are poorly described. The aim was to identify variation in surgical management and outcomes of appendicitis within low-, middle-, and high-Human Development Index (HDI) countries worldwide. Methods This is a multicenter, international prospective cohort study. Consecutive sampling of patients undergoing emergency appendectomy over 6 months was conducted. Follow-up lasted 30 days. Results 4546 patients from 52 countries underwent appendectomy (2499 high-, 1540 middle-, and 507 low-HDI groups). Surgical site infection (SSI) rates were higher in low-HDI (OR 2.57, 95% CI 1.33-4.99, p = 0.005) but not middle-HDI countries (OR 1.38, 95% CI 0.76-2.52, p = 0.291), compared with high-HDI countries after adjustment. A laparoscopic approach was common in high-HDI countries (1693/2499, 67.7%), but infrequent in low-HDI (41/507, 8.1%) and middle-HDI (132/1540, 8.6%) groups. After accounting for case-mix, laparoscopy was still associated with fewer overall complications (OR 0.55, 95% CI 0.42-0.71, p < 0.001) and SSIs (OR 0.22, 95% CI 0.14-0.33, p < 0.001). In propensity-score matched groups within low-/middle-HDI countries, laparoscopy was still associated with fewer overall complications (OR 0.23 95% CI 0.11-0.44) and SSI (OR 0.21 95% CI 0.09-0.45). Conclusion A laparoscopic approach is associated with better outcomes and availability appears to differ by country HDI. Despite the profound clinical, operational, and financial barriers to its widespread introduction, laparoscopy could significantly improve outcomes for patients in low-resource environments. Trial registration: NCT02179112. DFID-MRC-Wellcome Trust Joint Global Health Trial Development Grant [MR/N022114/1]; Wellcome Trust Biomedical Vacation ScholarshipsWellcome Trust; National Institute of Health Research (NIHR) Global Health Research Unit GrantNational Institute for Health Research (NIHR) [NIHR 17-0799] Funded by a DFID-MRC-Wellcome Trust Joint Global Health Trial Development Grant (MR/N022114/1), a Wellcome Trust Biomedical Vacation Scholarships (2015), and a National Institute of Health Research (NIHR) Global Health Research Unit Grant (NIHR 17-0799). The views expressed are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the National Health Service, the NIHR, or the UK Department of Health and Social Care.

Published
2018

18. Le relazioni intergenerazionali, tra risorsa e vincolo

Author

Bramanti, Donatella, Digrandi, Guglielmo, Pisacane, L, Regni, M, Morando, S, Lux, A, Marzotto, Maria Costanza, Parkinson, L, and Scrive, A

Subjects
Intergenerational relationship, Settore SPS/08 - SOCIOLOGIA DEI PROCESSI CULTURALI E COMUNICATIVI, relazioni intergenerazionali
Published
2018

19. Ovine multiparity is associated with diminished vaginal muscularis, increased elastic fibres and vaginal wall weakness: implication for pelvic organ prolapse.

Author

Werkmeister J.A., Lo C., Arkwright J., Gargett C.E., Young N., Emmerson S., Rosamilia A., Parkinson L., Edwards S.L., Vashi A.V., Davies-Tuck M., White J., Elgass K., Werkmeister J.A., Lo C., Arkwright J., Gargett C.E., Young N., Emmerson S., Rosamilia A., Parkinson L., Edwards S.L., Vashi A.V., Davies-Tuck M., White J., and Elgass K.

Abstract

Pelvic Organ Prolapse (POP) is a major clinical burden affecting 25% of women, with vaginal delivery a major contributing factor. We hypothesised that increasing parity weakens the vagina by altering the extracellular matrix proteins and smooth muscle thereby leading to POP vulnerability. We used a modified POP-quantification (POP-Q) system and a novel pressure sensor to measure vaginal wall weakness in nulliparous, primiparous and multiparous ewes. These measurements were correlated with histological, biochemical and biomechanical properties of the ovine vagina. Primiparous and multiparous ewes had greater displacement of vaginal tissue compared to nulliparous at points Aa, Ap and Ba and lower pressure sensor measurements at points equivalent to Ap and Ba. Vaginal wall muscularis of multiparous ewes was thinner than nulliparous and had greater elastic fibre content. Collagen content was lower in primiparous than nulliparous ewes, but collagen organisation did not differ. Biomechanically, multiparous vaginal tissue was weaker and less stiff than nulliparous. Parity had a significant impact on the structure and function of the ovine vaginal wall, as the multiparous vaginal wall was weaker and had a thinner muscularis than nulliparous ewes. This correlated with "POP-Q" and pressure sensor measurements showing greater tissue laxity in multiparous compared to nulliparous ewes.

Published
2018

21. Le relazioni intergenerazionali, tra risorsa e vincolo

Author

Digrandi, G, Marzotto C, Bramanti, Donatella, Digrandi, Guglielmo, Pisacane, L, Regni, M, Morando, S, Lux, A, Marzotto, Maria Costanza, Parkinson, L, Scrive, A, Bramanti D (ORCID:0000-0001-9910-216X), Digrandi G, Digrandi, G, Marzotto C, Bramanti, Donatella, Digrandi, Guglielmo, Pisacane, L, Regni, M, Morando, S, Lux, A, Marzotto, Maria Costanza, Parkinson, L, Scrive, A, Bramanti D (ORCID:0000-0001-9910-216X), and Digrandi G

Abstract

L’intergenerazionalità identifica in generale le relazioni tra membri di generazioni diverse come passaggio fondamentale per avanzare verso una società nella quale tutte le età abbiano cittadinanza, secondo una concezione age friendly. Indica quindi una capacità/volontà di assumere da parte di tutte le generazioni implicate, sia a livello degli orientamenti sia a livello dell’azione, una posizione generativa nei confronti delle generazioni, in particolare le più giovani. In tal modo essi possono diventare una risorsa per la società nel suo complesso. Difatti oggigiorno le persone di una stessa famiglia condividono più anni insieme, hanno maggiori opportunità di entrare in relazione, un numero maggiore di passaggi critici da affrontare, in cui possono rientrare sia rischi sia risorse. L’osservazione della famiglia come realtà oggi multigenerazionale (cioè oltre i confini della famiglia nucleare con due sole generazioni) richiede esplicitamente di prendere in considerazione le relazioni tra le diverse generazioni presenti sulla scena familiare . Questa prospettiva risulta particolarmente adeguata per comprendere le dinamiche familiari presenti in Italia, Paese tradizionalmente considerato a legami familiari forti (Castiglioni, Dalla Zuanna, 2017) in cui la maggior parte delle persone considera coincidenti l’interesse proprio con quello della propria famiglia, e in cui la propria felicità è ricercata insieme a quella dei propri genitori e dei propri figli (almeno dove presenti). In questo capitolo si proverà a mostrare come la prospettiva assunta dalla mediazione intergenerazionale sia particolarmente adeguata al nostro contesto sociale in cui, pur con importanti trasformazioni, i legami familiari e di solidarietà tra le generazioni continuano a essere considerati centrali per il benessere delle persone.

Published
2018

22. Natural vibration of an aqueous pendant drop

Author

Parkinson, L., Phan, Chi, Parkinson, L., and Phan, Chi

Abstract

Interfacial dynamics of a pendant drop suspended from a needle support was studied via a new experimental method, without external excitation, to accurately quantify the impact of size and surface properties on the natural frequency. For drops ranging between 3.0 and 40.2 mm 3 , the natural frequency of vibration varied proportionally to the volume raised to the exponent -3/4, V -3/4 . A direct relationship between the frequency and the water drops was obtained f(Hz) ? S - 3/4 t c -1 , in which S is the dimensionless size parameter. Previous works performed employing external excitation suggested a direct impact of the supporting size, which might be explained by the acting force. The current experimental results do not follow this prediction, indicating insignificant influence of the support base on the recorded frequency. The results indicate a significant role of surface tension, which is taken into account by size factor S, on the vibration of the pendant drop.

Published
2018

25. Mortality of emergency abdominal surgery in high-, middle- and low-income countries

Author

J E, F Fitzgerald, Khatri, C, C Glasbey, J, Mohan, M, Lilford, R, M Harrison, E, Holmer, H, Hall, N, S-H, Kim, Negida, A, Jaffry, Z, J Chapman, S, Shu, S, Shiwani, H, Jeyakumar, J, Fermani, C, Balmaceda, R, M Marta Modolo, Macdermid, E, Gobin, N, Chenn, R, C Ou Yong, Edye, M, Jarmin, M, K D'amours, S, Iyer, D, Youssef, D, Phillips, N, Brown, J, George, R, Koh, C, Warren, O, Hanley, I, Dickfos, M, Nawara, C, Öfner, D, Primavesi, F, R Mitul, A, Mahmud, K, Hussain, M, Hakim, H, Kumar, T, Oosterkamp, A, A Assouto, P, Lawani, I, Y Imorou Souaibou, A Kyaw Tun, C Leung Chong, H Devadasar, G, M Rashid Minhas Qadir, K Phyo Aung, L Shi Yeo, D Palomino Castillo, V, M Moron Munhoz, Moreira, G, C Barros De Castro Segundo, L, S Anderson Khouri Ferreira, M Cassa Careta, S Binna Kim, A Venâncio De Sousa, A Daltri Lazzarini Cury, G Peixoto Soares Miguel, A Vega Carreiro De Freitas, B Pereira Silvestre, J Guasti Pinto Vianna, C Oliveira Felipe, L Alberto Valente Laufer, Altoe, F, L Ayres Da Silva, L Pimenta, M, T Fernandes Giuriato, P Alves Bezerra Morais, J Souza Luiz, Araujo, R, Menegussi, J, Leal, M, C Vinícius Barroso de Lima, L Sarmento Tatagiba, Leal, A, D Vinicius Dos Santos, G Pereira Fraga, R Lages Simoes, Stock, S, Nigo, S, Kabba, J, T Ebogo Ngwa, King, S, Zani, A, Azzie, G, Firdouse, M, Kushwaha, S, Agarwal, A, Bailey, K, Cameron, B, Livingston, M, Horobjowsky, A, L Deckelbaum, D, T Razek, B Marinkovic, Grasset, E, D'Aguzan, N, Jimenez, J, Macchiavello, R, Zhang, Z, Guo, W, J, Oh, Zheng, F, Montes, I, Sierra, S, Mendez, M, I Villegas, M, C Mendoza Arango, M, Mendoza, I, A Naranjo Aristizã Bal, F, A Montoya Botero, J, M Quintero Riaza, V, Restrepo, J, Morales, C, Cruz, H, Munera, A, Karlo, R, Domini, E, Mihanovic, J, Radic, M, Zamarin, K, Pezelj, N, Hache-Marliere, M, S Batista Lemaire, Rivas, R, Khyrallh, A, Hassan, A, Shimy, G, A Baky Fahmy, M, Nabawi, A, S Ali Muhammad Gohar, M, Elfil, M, Ghoneem, M, Asal, M, Abdelkader, M, Gomah, M, Rashwan, H, Karkeet, M, Gomaa, A, Hasan, A, Elgebaly, A, Azzam, O, Abdelfattah, A, Gouda, A, Elshafay, A, Gharib, A, Menshawy, A, Hanafy, M, Al-Mallah, A, Abdulgawad, M, Baheeg, M, Alhendy, M, A Fattah, I, Kenibar, A, Osman, O, Gemeah, M, Mohammed, A, Adel, A, Sayed, A, Abozaid, M, A Hafez El-Badri Kotb, A Ahmed Ata, A, Nasr, M, Alkammash, A, Saeed, M, N Abd El Hamid, M Attia, A, A Abd El Galeel, Elbanby, E, K Salah El-Dien, Hantour, U, Alahmady, O, Mansour, B, M Elkorashy, A, M Saeed Taha, E, T Lasheen, K, S Said Elkolaly, N Yosri Elsayed Abdel-Wahab, A Fathi Abozyed, M, M Saeed, A, G Samir El Sayed, H Youssif, J, S Magdy Ahmed, N Soubhy El-Shahat, A Hegazy Khedr, A Osama Elsebaaye, Elzayat, M, Abdelraheim, M, Elzayat, I, Warda, M, K Naser El Deen, A Essam Elnemr, Salah, O, Abbas, M, Rashad, M, Elzayyat, I, Hemeda, D, Tawfik, G, Salama, M, Khaled, H, Seisa, M, Elshaer, K, Hussein, A, Elkhadrawi, M, M Afifi, A, O Saadeldeen Ebrahim, M Metwally, M, Elmelegy, R, M Elbendary Elsawahly, D, Safa, H, Nofal, E, Elbermawy, M, M Abo Raya, A Abdelmotaleb Ghazy, Samih, H, Abdelgelil, A, Abdelghany, S, A El Kholy, Elkady, F, Salma, M, Samy, S, Fakher, R, Aboarab, A, Samir, A, Sakr, A, Haroun, A, A Abdel-Rahman Al-Aarag, Elkholy, A, Elshanwany, S, Ghanem, E, Tammam, A, M Hammad, A, Y El Shoura, G El Ashal, Khairy, H, Antar, S, Mehrez, S, Abdelshafy, M, M Gamal Mohamad Hamad, M Farid Hosh, Abdallah, E, Magdy, B, Alzayat, T, Gamaly, E, Elfeki, H, Abouzahra, A, Elsheikh, S, Elgendy, F, F Abd El-Salam, Seifelnasr, O, Ammar, M, Eysa, A, Sadek, A, A Gamal Toeema, Shady, K, Nasr, A, Abuseif, M, Zidan, H, S Abd Elmageed Barakat, Elsayed, N, Y Abd Elrasoul, Elkelany, A, M Sabry Ammar, Mustafa, M, Hegazy, Y, Etman, M, Saad, S, Alrahawy, M, Raslan, A, Morsi, M, Rslan, A, Sabry, A, Elwakil, H, Shaker, H, Abd-Elrasoul, Y, El-Kashef, H, Shaalan, M, Tarek, A, Elwan, A, A Ragab Nayel, Seif, M, Emadeldin, D, M Ali Ghonaim, Almallah, A, Fouad, A, E Adel Sayma, Elbatahgy, A, A Solaiman El-Ma'doul, Mosad, A, Tolba, H, A Amin Elsorogy, D, H Ali Mostafa, A Atef Omar, O Sherief Abd El Hameed, Lasheen, A, Y Abd El Salam, Morsi, A, Ismail, M, H Ahmed El-Badawy, Amer, M, A Sabry El-Hamouly, N Ahmed Attallah, Mosalum, O, Afandy, A, Mokhtar, A, Abouelnasr, A, Ayad, S, Shaker, R, Sakr, R, Amreia, M, Elsobky, S, A Abo El Magd, Marey, A, A Tarek Hafez, Zalabia, M, M Moamen Mohamed, Fadel, A, E Ali Ahmed, Ali, A, M Ghassan Alwafai, Dwydar, A, Kharsa, S, Mamdouh, E, El-Sheemy, H, Youssef, I, A Khairy Aly, Aldalaq, A, Alnawam, E, Alkhabbaz, D, Saad, M, Hussein, S, A Abo Elazayem, Ramadan, A, Elashmawy, M, Mousa, M, Nashaat, A, Ghanem, S, Oof, Z, Elwaey, A, Elkadsh, I, Darweesh, M, Mohameden, A, Hafez, M, Badr, A, Badwy, A, M Abd El Slam, Elazoul, M, Al-Nahrawi, S, Eldamaty, L, Nada, F, Ameen, M, Hagar, A, Elsehimy, M, Aboraya, M, Dawoud, H, S El Mesery, A El Gendy, Abdelkareem, A, A Safwan Marey, Allam, M, Shehata, S, Abozeid, K, Elshobary, M, Fahiem, A, Sarsik, S, Hashish, A, Zidan, M, Hashish, M, Sanad, A, Mesalam, M, 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Subjects
Adult, Male, Gastrointestinal Diseases, mortality, global surgery, abdominal, emergency, LMIC, surgery, Developed Countries, Checklist, Cohort Studies, Health Care, Abdomen, Humans, Female, Patient Safety, Emergencies, Quality Assurance, Developing Countries, Digestive System Surgical Procedures, Quality Assurance, Health Care
Published
2016

28. Identification of diabetes, heart disease, hypertension and stroke in mid- and older-aged women: Comparing self-report and administrative hospital data records

Author

Navin Cristina, TJ, Stewart Williams, JA, Parkinson, L, Sibbritt, DW, and Byles, JE

Subjects
Adult, Heart Diseases, Adolescent, Age Factors, Australia, Middle Aged, Hospitalization, Stroke, Young Adult, Logistic Models, Sex Factors, Hypertension, Diabetes Mellitus, Prevalence, Humans, Female, Longitudinal Studies, Self Report, Gerontology, Aged
Abstract

© 2016 Japan Geriatrics Society. Aim: To estimate the prevalence of diabetes, heart disease, hypertension and stroke in self-report and hospital data in two cohorts of women; measure sensitivity and agreement between data sources; and compare between cohorts. Methods: Women born between 1946-1951 and 1921-1926 who participated in the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health (ALSWH); were New South Wales residents; and admitted to hospital (2004-2008) were included in the present study. The prevalence of diabetes, heart disease, hypertension and stroke was estimated using self-report (case1 at latest survey, case2 across multiple surveys) and hospital records. Agreement (kappa) and sensitivity (%) were calculated. Logistic regression measured the association between patient characteristics and agreement. Results: Hypertension had the highest prevalence and estimates were higher for older women: 32.5% case1, 45.4% case2, 12.8% in hospital data (1946-1951 cohort); 57.8% case1, 73.2% case2, 38.2% in hospital data (1921-1926 cohort). Agreement was substantial for diabetes: κ=0.75 case1, κ=0.70 case2 (1946-1951 cohort); κ=0.77 case1, κ=0.80 case2 (1921-1926 cohort), and lower for other conditions. The 1946-1951 cohort had 2.08 times the odds of agreement for hypertension (95% CI 1.56 to 2.78; P

Published
2014

29. Anticholinergic medicines in an older primary care population: a cross-sectional analysis of medicines' levels of anticholinergic activity and clinical indications

Author

Magin, PJ, Morgan, S, Tapley, A, McCowan, C, Parkinson, L, Henderson, KM, Muth, C, Hammer, MS, Pond, D, Mate, KE, Spike, NA, McArthur, LA, van Driel, ML, Magin, PJ, Morgan, S, Tapley, A, McCowan, C, Parkinson, L, Henderson, KM, Muth, C, Hammer, MS, Pond, D, Mate, KE, Spike, NA, McArthur, LA, and van Driel, ML

Abstract

WHAT IS KNOWN AND OBJECTIVES: Adverse clinical outcomes have been associated with cumulative anticholinergic burden (to which low-potency as well as high-potency anticholinergic medicines contribute). The clinical indications for which anticholinergic medicines are prescribed (and thus the 'phenotype' of patients with anticholinergic burden) have not been established. We sought to establish the overall prevalence of prescribing of anticholinergic medicines, the prevalence of prescribing of low-, medium- and high-potency anticholinergic medicines, and the clinical indications for which the medicines were prescribed in an older primary care population. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional analysis of a cohort study of Australian early-career general practitioners' (GPs') clinical consultations - the Registrar Clinical Encounters in Training (ReCEnT) study. In ReCEnT, GPs collect detailed data (including medicines prescribed and their clinical indication) for 60 consecutive patients, on up to three occasions 6 months apart. Anticholinergic medicines were categorized as levels 1 (low-potency) to 3 (high-potency) using the Anticholinergic Drug Scale (ADS). RESULTS: During 2010-2014, 879 early-career GPs (across five of Australia's six states) conducted 20 555 consultations with patients aged 65 years or older, representing 35 506 problems/diagnoses. Anticholinergic medicines were prescribed in 10·4% [95% CIs 9·5-10·5] of consultations. Of the total anticholinergic load of prescribed medicines ('community anticholinergic load') 72·7% [95% CIs 71·0-74·3] was contributed by Level 1 medicines, 0·8% [95% CIs 0·5-1·3] by Level 2 medicines and 26·5% [95% CIs 24·8-28·1] by Level 3 medicines. Cardiac (40·0%), Musculoskeletal (16·9%) and Respiratory (10·6%) were the most common indications associated with Level 1 anticholinergic prescription. For Level 2 and 3 medicines (combined data), Psychological (16·1%), Neurological (16·1%), Musculoskeletal (15·7%) and Urological (11·1%) indi

Published
2016

30. Incident osteoarthritis associated with increased allied health services use in ‘baby boomer’ Australian women

Author

Parkinson, L., Moorin, Rachael, Peeters, G., Byles, J., Blyth, F., Caughey, G., Cunich, M., Magin, P., March, L., Pond, D., Parkinson, L., Moorin, Rachael, Peeters, G., Byles, J., Blyth, F., Caughey, G., Cunich, M., Magin, P., March, L., and Pond, D.

Abstract

Objective: To explore impact of incident osteoarthritis (OA) on health services use by Australian women born 1946–51. Methods: Secondary analysis of Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health survey data linked to Medicare Australia databases (2002 to 2011). Medicare services use was compared for two groups: OA group (n=761) – reported incident OA in 2007; Never group (n=4346) – did not report arthritis in time frame. Interrupted time series regression compared health services use over time. Results: The OA group had higher health services use than the Never group. Rate of services use increased over time for both groups. Rate of increase in quarterly doctor attendances was significantly lower for the OA group after onset of OA, with no corresponding change for the Never group. Conclusions: A pre-existing higher use of health services is associated with reporting incident OA, compared to those who never report arthritis. After onset of OA, rate of doctor use reduced and allied health use increased, consistent with recommended Australian treatment guidelines. Implications: This study provides a rare insight into change in healthcare use for people reporting incident OA, against an appropriate comparison group, highlighting the importance of early diagnosis of OA to optimise effective use of health services.

Published
2016

31. Anticholinergic medicines in an older primary care population: a cross-sectional analysis of medicines’ levels of anticholinergic activity and clinical indications

Author

Magin, P. J., primary, Morgan, S., additional, Tapley, A., additional, McCowan, C., additional, Parkinson, L., additional, Henderson, K. M., additional, Muth, C., additional, Hammer, M. S., additional, Pond, D., additional, Mate, K. E., additional, Spike, N. A., additional, McArthur, L. A., additional, and van Driel, M. L., additional

Published
2016
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32. Anticholinergic burden in older women: not seeing the wood for the trees?

Author

Parkinson, L., Magin, P., Thomson, A., Byles, J., Caughey, G., Etherton-Beer, C., Gnijidic, D., Hilmer, S., Lo, T., McCowan, C., Moorin, Rachael, Pond, D., Parkinson, L., Magin, P., Thomson, A., Byles, J., Caughey, G., Etherton-Beer, C., Gnijidic, D., Hilmer, S., Lo, T., McCowan, C., Moorin, Rachael, and Pond, D.

Abstract

Objectives: To identify medicines contributing to and describe predictors of anticholinergic burden among community-dwelling older Australian women. Design, setting and participants: Retrospective longitudinal analysis of data from the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health linked to Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme medicines data from 1 January 2008 to 30 December 2010; for 3694 women born in 1921–1926. Main outcome measures: Anticholinergic burden calculated from Anticholinergic Drug Scale (ADS) scores derived from ADS levels (0 to 3) for all medicines used by each woman, summed over each 6-month period (semester), medicines commonly used by women with high semester ADS scores (defined as 75th percentile of scores). Results: 1126 women (59.9%) used at least one medicine with anticholinergic properties. The median ADS score was 4 or 5 across all semesters. Most anticholinergic medicines used by women who had a high anticholinergic burden (ADS score, = 9) had a low anticholinergic potency (ADS level 1). Increasing age, cardiovascular disease, and number of other medicines used were predictive of a higher anticholinergic burden. Conclusions: A high anticholinergic medicines burden in this group was driven by the use of multiple medicines with lower anticholinergic potency rather than the use of medicines with higher potency. This is a novel and important finding for clinical practice as doctors would readily identify the risk of a high anticholinergic burden for patients using high potency medicines, but may be less likely to identify this risk for users of multiple medicines with low anticholinergic potency.

Published
2015

33. Purpose and pleasure in late life: Conceptualising older women's participation in art and craft activities

Author

Liddle, JLM, Parkinson, L, and Sibbritt, DW

Subjects
Aged, 80 and over, Pleasure, Health Status, education, Role, Social Participation, Self Concept, Creativity, Leisure Activities, Attitude, Humans, Female, Longitudinal Studies, Gerontology, health care economics and organizations, Art
Abstract

The fourth age, as the last stage of life, represents a final challenge to find personal meaning in the face of changing capacities, illness and disability. Participation in valued activities is important for sustaining interest in life and has been associated with enhanced health and well-being. Art and craft activities are a popular form of participation amongst women in late life with growing international interest in the potential for these types of activities to maintain health and well-being and address problems of social isolation. Drawing on open text comments from 114 women enrolled in the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health and in-depth interviews with 23 women all aged in their eighties, this paper explores the nature of older women's participation in art and craft activities and conceptualises links between participation in these activities and health and well-being in late life. Participation in art and craft activities is complex and dynamic, comprising cognitive and physical processes infused with emotion and occurs in the context of social relationships, physical spaces, physical ailments and beliefs about the value of the activities. By participating in art and craft activities, older women find purpose in their lives, contributing to their subjective well-being whilst helping and being appreciated by others. They develop a self view as enabled and as such take on new art and craft challenges, continue to learn and develop as art and craft makers and remain open to new possibilities. © 2013 Elsevier Inc.

Published
2013

34. Examination of the utility of the Promoting Action on Research Implementation in Health Services framework for implementation of evidence based practice in residential aged care settings

Author

Perry, L, Bellchambers, H, Howie, A, Moxey, A, Parkinson, L, Capra, S, and Byles, J

Subjects
Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, Time Factors, Attitude of Health Personnel, Dietetics, Interprofessional Relations, Nursing, Organizational Culture, Organizational Innovation, Nursing Homes, Leadership, Evidence-Based Practice, Health Facility Environment, Humans, Homes for the Aged, Staff Development, Diffusion of Innovation, New South Wales, Qualitative Research, Aged
Abstract

Aim. This study examined the relevance and fit of the PARiHS framework (Promoting Action on Research Implementation in Health Services) as an explanatory model for practice change in residential aged care. Background. Translation of research knowledge into routine practice is a complex matter in health and social care environments. Examination of the environment may identify factors likely to support and hinder practice change, inform strategy development, predict and explain successful uptake of new ways of working. Frameworks to enable this have been described but none has been tested in residential aged care. Methods. This paper reports preliminary qualitative analyses from the Encouraging Best Practice in Residential Aged Care Nutrition and Hydration project conducted in New South Wales in 2007-2009. We examined congruence with the PARiHS framework of factors staff described as influential for practice change during 29 digitally recorded and transcribed staff interviews and meetings at three facilities. Findings. Unique features of the setting were flagged, with facilities simultaneously filling the roles of residents' home, staff's workplace and businesses. Participants discussed many of the same characteristics identified by the PARiHS framework, but in addition temporal dimensions of practice change were flagged. Conclusion. Overall factors described by staff as important for practice change in aged care settings showed good fit with those of the PARiHS framework. This framework can be recommended for use in this setting. Widespread adoption will enable cross-project and international synthesis of findings, a major step towards building a cumulative science of knowledge translation and practice change. © 2011 The Authors. Journal of Advanced Nursing © 2011 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.

Published
2011

35. Oleocanthal, a phenolic derived from virgin olive oil: a review of the beneficial effects on inflammatory disease

Author

Parkinson,L, Keast,R, Parkinson,L, and Keast,R

Abstract

Virgin olive oil (VOO) is credited as being one of many healthful components of the Mediterranean diet. Mediterranean populations experience reduced incidence of chronic inflammatory disease states and VOO is readily consumed as part of an everyday dietary pattern. A phenolic compound contained in VOO, named oleocanthal, shares unique perceptual and anti-inflammatory characteristics with Ibuprofen. Over recent years oleocanthal has become a compound of interest in the search for naturally occurring compounds with pharmacological qualities. Subsequent to its discovery and identification, oleocanthal has been reported to exhibit various modes of action in reducing inflammatory related disease, including joint-degenerative disease, neuro-degenerative disease and specific cancers. Therefore, it is postulated that long term consumption of VOO containing oleocanthal may contribute to the health benefits associated with the Mediterranean dietary pattern. The following paper summarizes the current literature on oleocanthal, in terms of its sensory and pharmacological properties, and also discusses the beneficial, health promoting activities of oleocanthal, in the context of the molecular mechanisms within various models of disease.

Published
2014

37. Well-being outcomes of chiropractic intervention for lower back pain: A systematic review

Author

Parkinson, L, Sibbritt, D, Bolton, P, Van Rotterdam, J, Villadsen, I, Parkinson, L, Sibbritt, D, Bolton, P, Van Rotterdam, J, and Villadsen, I

Abstract

The usefulness of chiropractic for treatment of low back pain is a contentious issue. Chiropractors advocate holism and general well-being as a key principle on which they base their clinical practice, yet the quality of life, lifestyle, health and economic impacts of chiropractic intervention for back pain in adults have rarely been investigated. This article provides an overview of chiropractic principles and practices, together with the results of a systematic review of peer-reviewed publications between 2000 and 2010 retrieved from MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE, AMED and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. This review sought to determine the benefits of chiropractic treatment and care to well-being, and to what extent chiropractic treatment and care improve quality of life. Of 1,165 articles, 12 articles were retained, representing six studies (four randomised controlled trial, two observational) of varying quality. There was a high degree of inconsistency and lack of standardisation in measurement instruments and outcome measures. Three studies reported reduced use of other/extra treatments as a positive outcome; two studies reported a positive effect of chiropractic intervention on pain, and two studies reported a positive effect on disability. The six studies reviewed concentrated on the impact of chiropractic care on physical health and disability, rather than the wider holistic view which was the focus of this study. It is difficult, therefore, to defend any conclusion about the impact of chiropractic intervention on the quality of life, lifestyle, health and economic impact on chiropractic patients presenting with back pain. © 2012 Clinical Rheumatology.

Published
2013

38. Egg forensics: An appraisal of DNA sequencing to assist in species identification of illegally smuggled eggs

Author

Coghlan, M.L., White, N.E., Parkinson, L., Haile, J., Spencer, P.B.S., Bunce, M., Coghlan, M.L., White, N.E., Parkinson, L., Haile, J., Spencer, P.B.S., and Bunce, M.

Abstract

Psittaciformes (parrots and cockatoos) are charismatic birds, their plumage and capacity for learning make them highly sought after pets. The illegal trade in parrots and cockatoos poses a serious threat to the viability of native populations; in addition, species transported to non-endemic areas may potentially vector disease and genetically 'pollute' local native avifauna. To reduce the logistical difficulties associated with trafficking live birds, smugglers often transport eggs. This creates a problem for authorities in elucidating accurate species identification without the laborious task of incubation and hand rearing until a morphological identification can be made. Here, we use 99 avian eggs seized from carriers coming into and within Australia, as a result of suspected illegal trade. We investigate and evaluate the use of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) to accurately identify eggs to family, genus or species level. However, Identification of a species based on percentage mtDNA similarities is difficult without good representations of the inter- and intra-levels of species variation. Based on the available reference database, we were able to identify 52% of the eggs to species level. Of those, 10 species from eight genera were detected, all of which belong to the parrot (Psittacidae) and cockatoo (Cacatuidae) families. Of the remaining 48%, a further 36% of eggs were identified to genus level, and 12% identified to family level using our assignment criteria. Clearly the lack of validated DNA reference sequences is hindering our ability to accurately assign a species identity, and accordingly, we advocate that more attention needs to be paid to establishing validated, multi locus mtDNA reference databases for exotic birds that can both assist in genetic identifications and withstand legal scrutiny.

Published
2012

39. People of the British Isles: preliminary analysis of genotypes and surnames in a UK-control population

Author

Winney, B, Boumertit, A, Day, T, Davison, D, Echeta, C, Evseeva, I, Hutnik, K, Leslie, S, Nicodemus, K, Royrvik, EC, Tonks, S, Yang, X, Cheshire, J, Longley, P, Mateos, P, Groom, A, Relton, C, Bishop, DT, Black, K, Northwood, E, Parkinson, L, Frayling, TM, Steele, A, Sampson, JR, King, T, Dixon, R, Middleton, D, Jennings, B, Bowden, R, Donnelly, P, Bodmer, W, Winney, B, Boumertit, A, Day, T, Davison, D, Echeta, C, Evseeva, I, Hutnik, K, Leslie, S, Nicodemus, K, Royrvik, EC, Tonks, S, Yang, X, Cheshire, J, Longley, P, Mateos, P, Groom, A, Relton, C, Bishop, DT, Black, K, Northwood, E, Parkinson, L, Frayling, TM, Steele, A, Sampson, JR, King, T, Dixon, R, Middleton, D, Jennings, B, Bowden, R, Donnelly, P, and Bodmer, W

Abstract

There is a great deal of interest in a fine-scale population structure in the UK, both as a signature of historical immigration events and because of the effect population structure may have on disease association studies. Although population structure appears to have a minor impact on the current generation of genome-wide association studies, it is likely to have a significant part in the next generation of studies designed to search for rare variants. A powerful way of detecting such structure is to control and document carefully the provenance of the samples involved. In this study, we describe the collection of a cohort of rural UK samples (The People of the British Isles), aimed at providing a well-characterised UK-control population that can be used as a resource by the research community, as well as providing a fine-scale genetic information on the British population. So far, some 4000 samples have been collected, the majority of which fit the criteria of coming from a rural area and having all four grandparents from approximately the same area. Analysis of the first 3865 samples that have been geocoded indicates that 75% have a mean distance between grandparental places of birth of 37.3 km, and that about 70% of grandparental places of birth can be classed as rural. Preliminary genotyping of 1057 samples demonstrates the value of these samples for investigating a fine-scale population structure within the UK, and shows how this can be enhanced by the use of surnames.

Published
2012

40. Painting pictures and playing musical instruments: Change in participation and relationship to health in older women

Author

Liddle, JLM, Parkinson, L, Sibbritt, DW, Liddle, JLM, Parkinson, L, and Sibbritt, DW

Abstract

Aim: To explore how changed participation in painting pictures or playing a musical instrument is related to change in physical and mental health in older women. Method: Women enrolled in the 1921-1926 birth cohort of the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health were surveyed in 2005 and 2008. Changed participation in painting pictures or playing a musical instrument was considered in relation to changes in social activity, social support, health status and health-related quality of life. Results: Data were available for 5058 women. Improvements in instrumental activities of daily living (odds ratio (OR) 1.1, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.0-1.2; P = 0.004) and role limitations due to emotional factors (OR 1.6, 95% CI 1.0-2.5; P = 0.002) were associated with starting participation. Decline in mental health-related quality of life (OR 4.1, 95% CI 2.3-7.2; P < 0.0001) was associated with stopping. Conclusion: Changed participation was associated with change in functional capacity and tied to emotional well-being. © 2012 The Authors. Australasian Journal on Ageing © 2012 ACOTA.

Published
2012

41. Egg forensics: An appraisal of DNA sequencing to assist in species identification of illegally smuggled eggs

Author

Coghlan, Megan, White, Nicole, Parkinson, L., Haile, James, Spencer, P.B., Bunce, Michael, Coghlan, Megan, White, Nicole, Parkinson, L., Haile, James, Spencer, P.B., and Bunce, Michael

Abstract

Psittaciformes (parrots and cockatoos) are charismatic birds, their plumage and capacity for learningmake them highly sought after pets. The illegal trade in parrots and cockatoos poses a serious threat tothe viability of native populations; in addition, species transported to non-endemic areas may potentially vector disease and genetically ‘pollute’ local native avifauna. To reduce the logistical difficulties associated with trafficking live birds, smugglers often transport eggs. This creates a problem for authorities in elucidating accurate species identification without the laborious task of incubation and hand rearing until a morphological identification can be made. Here, we use 99 avian eggs seized from carriers coming into and within Australia, as a result of suspected illegal trade. We investigate and evaluate the use of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) to accurately identify eggs to family, genus or species level. However, Identification of a species based on percentage mtDNA similarities is difficult without good representations of the inter- and intra-levels of species variation. Based on the available reference database, we were able to identify 52% of the eggs to species level. Of those, 10 species from eight genera were detected, all of which belong to the parrot (Psittacidae) and cockatoo (Cacatuidae) families. Of the remaining 48%, a further 36% of eggs were identified to genus level, and 12% identified to family level using our assignment criteria. Clearly the lack of validated DNA reference sequences is hindering our ability to accurately assign a species identity, and accordingly, we advocate that more attention needs to be paid to establishing validated, multi locus mtDNA reference databases for exotic birds that can both assist in genetic identifications and withstand legal scrutiny.

Published
2012

42. Volunteering and older women: Psychosocial and health predictors of participation

Author

Parkinson, L, Warburton, J, Sibbritt, D, Byles, J, Parkinson, L, Warburton, J, Sibbritt, D, and Byles, J

Abstract

Objectives: As populations age, there will be a need for more volunteers in social welfare, and consequently a need to better understand potential effects of volunteering for older people. Whilst there is a body of international literature exploring health benefits of volunteering in later life, there are currently no longitudinal studies of Australian populations. Internationally, there is a lack of studies focusing on older women, who comprise the majority of the ageing population. The aim of this article was to explore the relationship between volunteering and psychosocial and health factors for a cohort of older Australian women over time. Method: Data for this study were from the oldest cohort of Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health, a 20-year longitudinal survey of Australian women aged 70-75 years in 1996. Volunteering status was the factor of interest and study factors included a broad range of demographic, health and social factors. A longitudinal model was developed for mediators of volunteering over time. Results: Of 7088 women in 2005, 24.5% reported actively volunteering, 15.5% were continuing, 7.5% were new, 15.3% were intermittent and 34.7% had never been volunteers. Volunteering was associated with increased quality of life and social support. Women were more likely to continue volunteering over time if they lived in a rural area, had higher socioeconomic indicators, and better levels of physical and mental health. Conclusions: This study contributes to the literature on the relationship between volunteering and health for older women. Understanding the potential health implications of volunteering is a critical issue in current policy debates. © 2010 Taylor & Francis.

Published
2010

49. Developing a musculo-skeletal screening survey for Indigenous Australians living in rural communities.

Author

Vindigni, D., Parkinson, L., Rivett, D., Da Costa, C., Perkins, J., Walker, B.F., Blunden, S., Vindigni, D., Parkinson, L., Rivett, D., Da Costa, C., Perkins, J., Walker, B.F., and Blunden, S.

Abstract

Indigenous Australians living in rural communities experience high levels of musculoskeletal conditions that significantly impair their daily activities. Aboriginal health workers (AHWs) have a close understanding of their communities' needs and play a central role in the assessment and management of these conditions. To assist in the musculoskeletal assessment process a screening survey was collaboratively developed, trialled and evaluated for use by AHWs. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was developed following discussions with key community informants, and a literature review for relevant survey instruments. It was piloted before being administered by AHWs and the findings compared with those of a clinical assessment conducted by musculoskeletal health professionals. The participants included 189 members of an Australian rural Indigenous community. RESULTS: The screening survey achieved face and content validity. It provided high sensitivity (above 70%) and moderately high specificity (above 60%) for measuring musculoskeletal conditions in this community. It did not achieve high enough Kappa scores when measuring agreement between the screening tool and clinical assessment. A significant correlation was, however, obtained between the most prevalent musculoskeletal condition and between reported overall pain as assessed by AHWs and chiropractors. CONCLUSIONS: The screening survey has applicability in this community and has the potential to be adapted in similar settings. Incorporating a basic range of motion and palpation assessment to localise painful anatomical sites may help to further improve the sensitivity and specificity of this instrument.

Published
2006

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