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5. Pigment-specific relationships between feather corticosterone concentrations and sexual coloration

Author

Grunst, Melissa L, Grunst, Andrea S, Parker, Clare E, Romero, L Michael, and Rotenberry, John T

Subjects
Behavioral and Social Science, carotenoids, feather corticosterone, melanins, sexual coloration, sexual signaling, stress physiology, Ecology, Evolutionary Biology, Zoology, Behavioral Science & Comparative Psychology
Abstract

The adrenocortical stress response may divert energy away from sexual ornamentation, such that ornaments signal exposure or resistance to physiological stress. Alternatively, steroid glucocorticoids released via the stress response may support ornament development by stimulating foraging and metabolism. The relationship between glucocorticoids and ornamentation may vary with ornament type and across age and sex classes that experience different resource allocation tradeoffs. In yellow warblers (Setophaga petechia), we conducted the first study to simultaneously assess whether relationships between corticosterone (the primary avian glucocorticoid) and ornamentation depend on sexual pigment type, age, and sex. We quantified carotenoid- and phaeomelanin-based pigmentation using spectrometry, and assayed corticosterone in feathers (CORTf) to derive an integrative metric of corticosterone levels during molt. Yellow warblers with lower carotenoid hue (lambda R50) had higher CORTf, suggesting that carotenoid hue may signal stress during molt across age and sex classes. Carotenoid chroma also negatively correlated with CORTf. However, this correlation was absent in older males, seemingly because these males display more saturated carotenoid pigmentation, and thus less variance in carotenoid chroma. Young males with higher CORTf also tended to have poorer quality tertial feathers, indicating poor condition at molt. Phaeomelanin-based pigmentation was largely unrelated to CORTf, suggesting that pleiotropic effects do not link phaeomelanogenesis and CORT release. Finally, CORTf was repeatable across years within individuals. Thus, carotenoid- and phaeomelanin-based pigmentation communicate nonequivalent information about physiological stress, with carotenoid pigmentation having the potential to signal stable differences in stress levels that could affect fitness.

Published
2015

6. Restoring justice: Preservice teachers' moral judgments about school discipline

Author

Parker, Clare

Subjects
Educational psychology, Moral reasoning, School discipline, Teacher education
Abstract

Research on school discipline and moral reasoning have typically been construed in separate spheres. The former has examined the outcomes of specific practices—from punitive to restorative—whereas the latter has examined reasoning about a variety of issues pertaining to justice, welfare, and rights. Moral reasoning about school discipline has yet to be addressed in the research literature. The goal of the research presented here was to examine moral judgments of preservice teachers about possible school responses to harm and rights’ violations in a hypothetical school setting. Participants were 32 undergraduates, from diverse ethnic backgrounds, drawn from a teacher education program at a large public university. Moral judgments were assessed through interviews around issues of psychological harm (bullying on social media), physical harm (hitting), and theft. Participants were asked to make three different types of evaluations. The first was a general evaluation regarding whether the action entailed a moral transgression. The second involved choosing that which they considered best overall, most fair, least fair, most effective, and least effective among a list of four possible school responses (permissive, retributive/punitive, mixed retributive/restorative, and restorative). The third involved an open-ended response to a repeat-offense. Justifications were elicited for each evaluation. A majority of participants endorsed a restorative school response to all three situations as best overall, most fair, and most effective as well as for the repeat offense. A majority of participants considered the permissive response, as least fair and least effective. Additional findings demonstrate that participants’ approach to school discipline was multifaceted and entailed coordination of different features of the situation alongside myriad goals and considerations, such as the intentions of the actor, the nature of the offense, preventing future offenses, and maintaining school standards. The present research provides evidence of the need for inclusion of restorative practices and training in teacher education and professional development programs.

Published
2022

10. Russia and Ukraine trade blame for destruction of Kakhovka dam, power plant

Author

Francis, Ellen, Suliman, Adela, Pannett, Rachel, Parker, Clare, and Berger, Miriam

Subjects
Kakhovka Dam Breach, Ukraine, 2023, Russian Invasion of Ukraine, 2022-, Dams -- Destruction -- Ukraine -- Russia, Floods -- Environmental aspects -- Ukraine -- Russia, Evacuation of civilians -- Management -- Ukraine -- Russia, Explosions -- Investigations, Hydroelectric power plants -- Destruction, Military maneuvers -- Forecasts and trends, Company legal issue, Company business management, Market trend/market analysis, General interest, News, opinion and commentary
Abstract

Byline: Ellen Francis, Adela Suliman, Rachel Pannett, Clare Parker and Miriam Berger KYIV, Ukraine - A major dam and hydroelectric power plant in southern Ukraine were severely damaged on Tuesday, [...]

Published
2023

11. Blast destroys Russian-occupied hydroelectric plant, flooding south Ukraine and causing evacuations

Author

Francis, Ellen, Suliman, Adela, Pannett, Rachel, Parker, Clare, Schmidt, Samantha, and Koshiw, Isobel

Subjects
Kakhovka Dam Breach, Ukraine, 2023, Russian Invasion of Ukraine, 2022-, Dams -- Destruction -- Ukraine -- Russia, Floods -- Environmental aspects -- Ukraine -- Russia, Evacuation of civilians -- Management -- Ukraine -- Russia, Explosions -- Investigations, Hydroelectric power plants -- Destruction, Military maneuvers -- Forecasts and trends, Company legal issue, Company business management, Market trend/market analysis, General interest, News, opinion and commentary
Abstract

Byline: Ellen Francis, Adela Suliman, Rachel Pannett, Clare Parker, Samantha Schmidt and Isobel Koshiw KYIV, Ukraine - A critical dam in southern Ukraine was heavily damaged early Tuesday, apparently by [...]

Published
2023

12. Small Bowel Capsule Endoscopy

Author

Rahman, Imdadur, Patel, Praful, Rondonotti, Emanuele, Koulaouzidis, Anastasios, Pennazio, Marco, Kalla, Rahul, Sidhu, Reena, Mooney, Peter, Sanders, David, Despott, Edward J., Fraser, Chris, Kurniawan, Niehls, Baltes, Peter, Keuchel, Martin, Davison, Carolyn, Beejay, Nigel, Parker, Clare, Panter, Simon, Li, Zhaoshen, editor, Liao, Zhuan, editor, and McAlindon, Mark, editor

Published
2014
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19. Panenteric capsule endoscopy identifies proximal small bowel disease guiding upstaging and treatment intensification in Crohn's disease: A European multicentre observational cohort study

Author

Tai, Foong Way D., primary, Ellul, Pierre, additional, Elosua, Alfonso, additional, Fernandez‐Urien, Ignacio, additional, Tontini, Gian E., additional, Elli, Luca, additional, Eliakim, Rami, additional, Kopylov, Uri, additional, Koo, Sara, additional, Parker, Clare, additional, Panter, Simon, additional, Sidhu, Reena, additional, and McAlindon, Mark, additional

Published
2021
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21. Targeting the ion channel TRPM7 promotes the thymic development of regulatory T cells by promoting IL-2 signaling

Author

Mendu, Suresh K., primary, Stremska, Marta E., additional, Schappe, Michael S., additional, Moser, Emily K., additional, Krupa, Julia K., additional, Rogers, Jason S., additional, Stipes, Eric J., additional, Parker, Clare A., additional, Braciale, Thomas J., additional, Perry, Justin S. A., additional, and Desai, Bimal N., additional

Published
2020
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22. CART-WHEEL.org: An Ethically Approved Online Database for Patient-Entered Data to Facilitate Rare Cancer Research

Author

Kee, Damien, primary, Parker, Clare, additional, Bae, Susie, additional, Tucker, Katherine M., additional, Harrison, Michelle, additional, Tohidi-Esfahani, Ibrahim, additional, Black, Marita, additional, Delahunty, Rachel, additional, Ananda, Sumitra, additional, Friedlander, Michael, additional, Cunliffe, Heather E., additional, Gibbs, Peter, additional, Desai, Jayesh, additional, Trotman, Judith, additional, and Scott, Clare L., additional

Published
2020
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28. Observation on persistent organic pollutants in plants: implications for their use as passive air samplers and for POP cycling

Author

Ockenden, Wendy A., Steinnes, Eiliv, Parker, Clare, and Jones, Kevin C.

Subjects
Indicators (Biology) -- Usage, Polychlorinated biphenyls -- Testing, Plants, Effect of air pollution on -- Testing, Environmental issues, Science and technology
Abstract

Measurements persistent organic pollutants (POP) in plants is found to be affected by characteristics of species that it is important to factor in intraspecies differences when making computations. POPs were measured in various Norwegian sites and results show that there are differences in accumulation between species and across temperatures. PCBs are found to accumulate in higher rates for higher congeners and at lower temperatures.

Published
1998

34. Funding Policies For HIV And AIDS

Author

Hochuli, Vernon, Smith, Suzanne, Parker, Clare, Shaunak, Sunil, Ash, Stephen, Bhatt, Ramesh, Williams, Henrietta, Tookman, Adrian, and Kurowska, Anna

Published
1993

37. The Abortion Act (1967): a biography.

Author

Sheldon, Sally, Davis, Gayle, O'Neill, Jane, and Parker, Clare

Subjects
ABORTION laws, ABORTION, MEDICAL care laws, GOOD faith (Law)
Abstract

In this paper, we set out what it means to offer a 'biography' of a law, illustrating the discussion through the example of the Abortion Act (1967), an important statute that has regulated a highly controversial field of practice for five decades. Biography is taken as a useful shorthand for an approach which requires simultaneous attention to continuity and change in the historical study of a law's life. It takes seriously the insight that written norms are rooted in the past, enshrining a certain set of historically contingent values and practices, yet that – as linguistic structures that can impact on the world only through acts of interpretation – they are simultaneously constantly evolving. It acknowledges the complex, ongoing co-constitution of law and the contexts within which it operates, recognising that understanding how law works requires historical, empirical study. Finally, it suggests that consideration of a law can offer a unique window through which to explore these broader contexts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019
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38. Are there biological differences between screen-detected and interval colorectal cancers in the English Bowel Cancer Screening Programme?

Author

Walsh, Elizabeth, primary, Rees, Colin J, additional, Gill, Michael, additional, Parker, Clare E, additional, Bevan, Roisin, additional, Perry, Sarah L, additional, Bury, Yvonne, additional, Mills, Sarah, additional, Bradburn, D Michael, additional, Bramble, Michael, additional, and Hull, Mark A, additional

Published
2016
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39. Panenteric capsule endoscopy identifies proximal small bowel disease guiding upstaging and treatment intensification in Crohn’s disease: A European multicentre observational cohort study

Author

Tai, Foong Way D, Ellul, Pierre, Elosua, Alfonso, Fernandez-Urien, Ignacio, Tontini, Gian E, Elli, Luca, Eliakim, Rami, Kopylov, Uri, Koo, Sara, Parker, Clare, Panter, Simon, Sidhu, Reena, and McAlindon, Mark

Abstract

Background Endoscopically defined mucosal healing in Crohn’s disease is associated with improved outcomes. Panenteric capsule endoscopy enables a single non-invasive assessment of small and large bowel mucosal inflammation. Aims and methods: This multicentre observational study of patients with suspected and established Crohn’s disease examined the feasibility, safety and impact on patient outcomes of panenteric capsule endoscopy in routine clinical practice. The potential role in assessment of disease severity and extent by a comparison with existing clinical and biochemical markers is examined.Results Panenteric capsule endoscopy was performed on 93 patients (71 with established and 22 with suspected Crohn’s disease). A complete examination occurred in 85% (79/93). Two cases (2.8%) of capsule retention occurred in patients with established Crohn’s disease. Panenteric capsule resulted in management change in 38.7% (36/93) patients, including 64.6% (32/48) of those with an established diagnosis whose disease was active, and all three patients with newly diagnosed Crohn’s disease. Montreal classification was upstaged in 33.8% of patients with established Crohn’s disease and mucosal healing was demonstrated in 15.5%. Proximal small bowel disease upstaged disease in 12.7% and predicted escalation of therapy (odds ratio 40.3, 95% confidence interval 3.6–450.2). Raised C-reactive protein and faecal calprotectin were poorly sensitive in detecting active disease (0.48 and 0.59 respectively).Conclusions Panenteric capsule endoscopy was feasible in routine practice and the ability to detect proximal small bowel disease may allow better estimation of prognosis and guide treatment intensification. Panenteric capsule endoscopy may be a suitable non-invasive endoscopic investigation in determining disease activity and supporting management decisions.

Published
2024
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