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1. PLGA nanofiber membranes loaded with epigallocatechin-3-O-gallate are beneficial to prevention of postsurgical adhesions

Author

Shin YC, Yang WJ, Lee JH, Oh JW, Kim TW, Park JC, Hyon SH, and Han DW

Subjects
Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Yong Cheol Shin,1,* Won Jun Yang,1,* Jong Ho Lee,1 Jin-Woo Oh,2 Tai Wan Kim,3 Jong-Chul Park,4 Suong-Hyu Hyon,5 Dong-Wook Han1 1Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea; 2Department of Nanomaterials Engineering, College of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea; 3Department of Design, College of Arts, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea; 4Department of Medical Engineering, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; 5Center for Fiber and Textile Science, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Kyoto, Japan *These authors contributed equally to this work Abstract: This study concentrates on the development of biodegradable nanofiber membranes with controlled drug release to ensure reduced tissue adhesion and accelerated healing. Nanofibers of poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) loaded with epigallocatechin-3-O-gallate (EGCG), the most bioactive polyphenolic compound in green tea, were electrospun. The physicochemical and biomechanical properties of EGCG-releasing PLGA (E-PLGA) nanofiber membranes were characterized by atomic force microscopy, EGCG release and degradation profiles, and tensile testing. In vitro antioxidant activity and hemocompatibility were evaluated by measuring scavenged reactive oxygen species levels and activated partial thromboplastin time, respectively. In vivo antiadhesion efficacy was examined on the rat peritonea with a surgical incision. The average fiber diameter of E-PLGA membranes was approximately 300–500 nm, which was almost similar to that of pure PLGA equivalents. E-PLGA membranes showed sustained EGCG release mediated by controlled diffusion and PLGA degradation over 28 days. EGCG did not adversely affect the tensile strength of PLGA membranes, whereas it significantly decreased the elastic modulus and increased the strain at break. E-PLGA membranes were significantly effective in both scavenging reactive oxygen species and extending activated partial thromboplastin time. Macroscopic observation after 1 week of surgical treatment revealed that the antiadhesion efficacy of E-PLGA nanofiber membranes was significantly superior to those of untreated controls and pure PLGA equivalents, which was comparable to that of a commercial tissue-adhesion barrier. In conclusion, the E-PLGA hybrid nanofiber can be exploited to craft strategies for the prevention of postsurgical adhesions. Keywords: nanofiber membrane, poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid), epigallocatechin-3-O-gallate, antiadhesion, tissue-adhesion barrier

Published
2014

15. Microsurgical treatment strategies for large and giant aneurysms at intradural ICA

Author

Park, W, Ahn, JS, Kwun, BD, Park, JC, and Sheen, JJ

Subjects
ddc: 610, cardiovascular system, cardiovascular diseases, macromolecular substances, 610 Medical sciences, Medicine
Abstract

Objective: Since the advancement of endovascular techniques, several large and giant aneurysms which arise in the location between the distal dural ring and the ICA bifurcation have been treated using these methods. However, several studies have reported that the angiographic recurrence rates and major[for full text, please go to the a.m. URL], 67. Jahrestagung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Neurochirurgie (DGNC), 1. Joint Meeting mit der Koreanischen Gesellschaft für Neurochirurgie (KNS)

Published
2016
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16. Comparison of Chronic Kidney Disease and Risk for Presenting With Painless Versus Nonpainless Acute Myocardial Infarction

Author

Park Jc, Youngkeun Ahn, Jung Chaee Kang, Hyun Ju Yoon, Doo Sun Sim, Keun Ho Park, Ju Han Kim, Kye Hun Kim, Min Goo Lee, Nam Sik Yoon, Myung Ho Jeong, Ki Hong Lee, and Jeong Gwan Cho

Subjects
Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Myocardial Infarction, Pain, Renal function, Disease, Logistic regression, Risk Assessment, chemistry.chemical_compound, Risk Factors, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, cardiovascular diseases, Myocardial infarction, Renal Insufficiency, Chronic, Retrospective Studies, Creatinine, business.industry, Odds ratio, medicine.disease, Confidence interval, chemistry, Cardiology, Female, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Glomerular Filtration Rate, Kidney disease
Abstract

Chronic kidney disease increases the risk for developing ischemic heart disease, but it has not been well known whether it also affects the manifestation of painless acute myocardial infarction (AMI), which has important clinical implications. The aim of this study was to identify whether chronic kidney disease is associated with the presentation of painless AMI. A total of 2,656 consecutively hospitalized patients with AMI from January 2008 to February 2012 were enrolled. Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was calculated using calibrated serum creatinine and the abbreviated Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) equation. Patient clinical characteristics, angiographic findings, and the use of medications were reviewed. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to examine the association of reduced eGFR and presentation with painless AMI. A total of 2,176 adults with painful AMI and 480 adults with painless AMI were studied, and baseline eGFR was calculated. Mean eGFR was lower in subjects with painless AMI compared to those with painful AMI. Compared to an eGFR90 ml/min/1.73 m(2), a strong, graded, independent association was observed between reduced eGFR and presentation with painless AMI, with adjusted odds ratios of 1.65 (95% confidence interval 1.16 to 2.36) for an eGFR of 60 to 89 ml/min/1.73 m(2), 2.92 (95% confidence interval 1.89 to 4.52) for an eGFR of 45 to 59 ml/min/1.73 m(2), and 3.44 (95% confidence interval 2.20 to 5.38) for an eGFR45 ml/min/1.73 m(2). In conclusion, lower eGFR was a strong, independent predictor of presentation with painless AMI versus painful AMI.

Published
2012

18. Moderated Posters session: diastolic function in clinical perspectiveP1260Coronary flow reserve in patients with chest pain but without significant coronary stenosis: the role of hypertensionP1261Diastolic bicycle exercise: normal reference values and determinantsP1262Prediction of left ventricular diastolic dysfunction in breast cancer patients after chemotherapyP1263Impaired diastolic recovery is associated with adverse events in the patients with hypertensive heart failureP1264Diastolic strain parameters in hypertensive heart disease: Insights from a speckle tracking imagingP1265Standard echocardiographic parameters to assess right ventricular diastolic function does not detect increased end diastolic right ventricular pressure in pulmonary vascular diseaseP1266In heart failure with preserved ejection fraction carotid arterial stiffness is increased and may contribute to reduced functional reserveP1267Study of left atrial function by speckle tracking in young Egyptian females with unexplained dyspnea; pilot reportP1268stress effect on diastolic functionP1269Diastolic function and adjusted diastolic index in apparently healthy obese patients

Author

Fang, F, primary, Santoro, C, primary, Hristova, K, primary, Yoon, HJ, primary, Abid, L, primary, Poller, A, primary, Erdei, T, primary, Ahmed, T, primary, Geraeli, B, primary, Gascuena, R, primary, Li, YJ, additional, Yang, J, additional, Bartel, T, additional, Erbel, R, additional, Ya, Y, additional, Yu, CM, additional, Schiano Lomoriello, V, additional, Esposito, R, additional, Casaretti, L, additional, Ilardi, F, additional, Fazio, V, additional, De Simone, G, additional, Trimarco, B, additional, Galderisi, M, additional, Hristova, K, additional, Marinov, R, additional, Katova, TZ, additional, Kostova, V, additional, Simova, I, additional, Kim, KH, additional, Cho, JY, additional, Park, JC, additional, Ben Kahla, S, additional, Bech-Hanssen, O, additional, Sunderji, I, additional, Sanchez-Martinez, S, additional, Edwards, J, additional, Braim, D, additional, Price, C, additional, Bijnens, B, additional, Fraser, AG, additional, Mohmed, LA, additional, Abd-Elhady, B, additional, Abdellaha, M, additional, Mazen, A, additional, Sattarzadeh Badkoubeh, R, additional, Hassanbeigy, HR, additional, Tavoosi, A, additional, Larti, F, additional, Saberi, K, additional, Rubio, L, additional, Terol, B, additional, and Rico, C, additional

Published
2015
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20. Aβ1–42 reduces P-glycoprotein in the blood–brain barrier through RAGE–NF-κB signaling

Author

Park Jc, Inhee Mook-Jung, Sun Young Kook, and Park R

Subjects
Cancer Research, Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products, Immunology, Down-Regulation, Mice, Transgenic, Blood–brain barrier, RAGE (receptor), Mice, Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, Downregulation and upregulation, Alzheimer Disease, medicine, Animals, Humans, ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1, Receptors, Immunologic, Receptor, P-glycoprotein, Amyloid beta-Peptides, biology, NF-kappa B, Endothelial Cells, Cell Biology, Peptide Fragments, Cell biology, Endothelial stem cell, medicine.anatomical_structure, Blood-Brain Barrier, Mutation, biology.protein, Original Article, Signal transduction, Signal Transduction, Astrocyte
Abstract

The reduced clearance of amyloid-β peptide (Aβ) from the brain partly accounts for the neurotoxic accumulation of Aβ in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Recently, it has been suggested that P-glycoprotein (P-gp), which is an efflux transporter expressed on the luminal membrane of the brain capillary endothelium, is capable of transporting Aβ out of the brain. Although evidence has shown that restoring P-gp reduces brain Aβ in a mouse model of AD, the molecular mechanisms underlying the decrease in P-gp expression in AD is largely unknown. We found that Aβ1-42 reduced P-gp expression in the murine brain endothelial cell line bEnd.3, which was consistent with our in vivo data that P-gp expression was significantly reduced, especially near amyloid plaques in the brains of five familial AD mutations (5XFAD) mice that are used as an animal model for AD. A neutralizing antibody against the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) and an inhibitor of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signaling prevented the decrease in Aβ1-42-induced P-gp expression, suggesting that Aβ reduced P-gp expression through NF-κB signaling by interacting with RAGE. In addition, we observed that the P-gp reduction by Aβ was rescued in bEnd.3 cells receiving inductive signals or factors from astrocytes making contacts with endothelial cells (ECs). These results support that alterations of astrocyte-EC contacts were closely associated with P-gp expression. This suggestion was further supported by the observation of a loss of astrocyte polarity in the brains of 5XFAD mice. Taken together, we found that P-gp downregulation by Aβ was mediated through RAGE-NF-κB signaling pathway in ECs and that the contact between astrocytes and ECs was an important factor in the regulation of P-gp expression.

Published
2014

24. Active compounds isolated from traditional Chinese prescription Wen-Pi-Tang protecting against peroxynitrite-induced LLC-PK(1) cell damage.

Author

Rhyu DY, Kang KS, Sekiya M, Tanaka T, Park JC, and Yokozawa T

Abstract

Wen-Pi-Tang, a traditional Chinese prescription, has been widely used for the treatment of patients with moderate chronic renal failure in China. Although the protective effect of Wen-Pi-Tang on peroxynitrite (ONOO(-))-induced renal tubular epithelial LLC-PK(1) cell damage was elucidated in our previous research, the active components of Wen-Pi-Tang have not yet been fully clarified. Therefore in the present study, we investigated the active components by using a cellular ONOO(-)generation system. As a result, p-coumaric acid, 4-(4'-hydroxylphenyl)-2-butanone 4'-O-glucopyranoside, gallic acid 3-O-(6'-O-galloyl)-beta-d-glucopyranoside, procyanidin B-1, procyanidin B-3, and (+)-catechin were isolated as active compounds inhibiting cellular ONOO(-) formation and cytotoxicity. In particular, the content of (+)-catechin was significantly higher than those of the other compounds, and the (+)-catechin structure was located in procyanidins B-1 and B-3. Therefore, the major bioactivity of Wen-Pi-Tang against ONOO(-)-induced cytotoxicity in LLC-PK(1) cells was thought to be mediated by (+)-catechin. Although we cannot disregard the synergetic effect of various components in Wen-Pi-Tang, (+)-catechin is a major active compound protecting against ONOO(-)-induced LLC-PK(1) cell damage and may be used as an index to qualify the ONOO(-)-inhibitory activity of Wen-Pi-Tang extract. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2008
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27. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2002; 60: 1,018-1,025: a comparative study of osseointegration of Avana implants in a demineralized freeze-dried bone alone or with platelet-rich plasma. (Clinically Significant Abstracts)

Author

Kim, SG, Kim, WK, and Park, JC

Subjects
Bone regeneration -- Physiological aspects, Bone regeneration -- Research, Biomedical materials -- Evaluation, Biomedical materials -- Physiological aspects, Biomedical materials -- Usage, Implant dentures -- Methods, Implant dentures -- Materials, Business, Health, Health care industry
Abstract

The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy of demineralized bone powder (DBP) alone or combined in a mixture with platelet-rich plasma (PRP) used to enhance osseointegration of [...]

Published
2002

28. Moderated Posters session: diastolic function in clinical perspective

Author

Fang, F, Li, YJ, Yang, J, Bartel, T, Erbel, R, Ya, Y, Yu, CM, Santoro, C, Schiano Lomoriello, V, Esposito, R, Casaretti, L, Ilardi, F, Fazio, V, De Simone, G, Trimarco, B, Galderisi, M, Hristova, K, Hristova, K, Marinov, R, Marinov, R, Katova, TZ, Katova, TZ, Kostova, V, Kostova, V, Simova, I, Yoon, HJ, Kim, KH, Cho, JY, Park, JC, Abid, L, Ben Kahla, S, Poller, A, Bech-Hanssen, O, Erdei, T, Sunderji, I, Sanchez-Martinez, S, Edwards, J, Braim, D, Price, C, Bijnens, B, Fraser, AG, Ahmed, T, Mohmed, LA, Abd-Elhady, B, Abdellaha, M, Mazen, A, Geraeli, B, Sattarzadeh Badkoubeh, R, Hassanbeigy, HR, Tavoosi, A, Larti, F, Saberi, K, Gascuena, R, Rubio, L, Terol, B, and Rico, C

Abstract

Background: Hypertension is a risk factor of coronary artery disease and also is associated with the impairment of coronary flow reserve (CFR). However, it remains unknown its effect on CFR in those with chest pain but without mild coronary stenosis. Methods: Fifty-four patients had no stenosis on coronary angiogram were enrolled. Transthoracic coronary Doppler echocardiography was performed in the distal left anterior descending coronary arterial baseline and after administration of adenosine (peak dose: 140 μg/kg/min) in those acceptable image quality and with minimal luminal cross-sectional area >4 mm2and a lumen area stenosis <50% tested by intravascular ultrasound examination (n=51). CFR was calculated with based on the hyperemic average peak velocity and baseline average peak velocity. Left ventricular (LV) function was assessed with conventional echocardiography including the evaluation of mitral annulus septal E’. Results: There were total 48 patients were finally analysis (3 excluded due to no septal E’) with the mean CFR of 2.89 ± 0.60. There were 25 with hypertension (52%), as a group, they lower CFR, lower septal E’ and as well more diastolic dysfunction (all P<0.05) (Table) despite similar age, gender distribution and LV volumes as well as ejection fraction. Further analysis showed that CFR was inversely associated with baseline systolic (r=-0.39, P=0.006) and diastolic blood pressure (r=-0.32, P=0.027) and correlated with Septal E’(r=0.63, P=0.012). In the multiple regression analysis, mitral spetal E’ was the only associated factor with CFR (β=0.29, P=0.041). Conclusion: In patients with chest pain but without significant coronary stenosis, CFR was lower in those with hypertension mainly via the diastolic dysfunction instead of baseline blood pressure. With Hypertension (n=25)Without hypertension (n=23)P valueLV end-diastolic volume, ml92 ± 3397 ± 250.491LV end-systolic volume, ml42 ± 839 ± 100.223LV ejection fraction, %58 ± 358 ± 50.767Coronary flow reserve2.7 ± 0.63.2 ± 0.5<0.001Mitral spetal E’, cm/s6.0 ± 1.68.0 ± 1.7<0.001LV diastolic function, n (%)16 (64%)4 (17%)χ2=10.707,P<0.001

Published
2015
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29. Poster session 3

Author

Winter, R, Lindqvist, P, Sheehan, F, Fazlinezhad, A, Vojdanparast, M, Nezafati, P, Martins Fernandes, S, Teixeira, R, Pellegrino, M, Generati, G, Bandera, F, Labate, V, Alfonzetti, E, Guazzi, M, Iriart, X, Dinet, ML, Jalal, Z, Cochet, H, Thambo, JB, Moustafa, S, Ho, TH, Shah, P, Murphy, K, Nelluri, BK, Lee, H, Wilansky, S, Mookadam, F, Stolfo, D, Tonet, E, Merlo, M, Barbati, G, Gigli, M, Pinamonti, B, Ramani, F, Zecchin, M, Sinagra, G, Bieseviciene, M, Vaskelyte, JJ, Mizariene, V, Lesauskaite, V, Verseckaite, R, Karaliute, R, Jonkaitiene, R, Patel, S, Li, L, Craft, M, Danford, D, Kutty, S, Vriz, O, Pellegrinet, M, Zito, C, Carerj, S, Di Bello, V, Cittadini, A, Bossone, E, Antonini-Canterin, F, Sarvari, S I, Rodriguez, M, Sitges, M, Sepulveda-Martinez, A, Gratacos, E, Bijnens, B, Crispi, F, Santos, M, Leite, L, Martins, R, Baptista, R, Barbosa, A, Ribeiro, N, Oliveira, A, Castro, G, Pego, M, Berezin, A, Samura, T, Kremzer, A, Stoebe, S, Tarr, A, Pfeiffer, D, Hagendorff, A, Benyounes Iglesias, N, Van Der Vynckt, C, Gout, O, Devys, JM, Cohen, A, De Chiara, B, Musca, F, D'angelo, L, Cipriani, MG, Parolini, M, Rossi, A, Santambrogio, GM, Russo, C, Giannattasio, C, Moreo, A, Soliman, A, Moharram, M, Gamal, A, Reda, A, Oni, O, Adebiyi, A, Aje, A, Ricci, F, Aquilani, R, Dipace, G, Bucciarelli, V, Bianco, F, Miniero, E, Scipioni, G, De Caterina, R, Gallina, S, Tumasyan, LR, Adamyan, KG, Chilingaryan, AL, Tunyan, LG, Kim, KH, Cho, JY, Yoon, HJ, Ahn, Y, Jeong, MH, Cho, JG, Park, JC, Popa, B A, Popa, A, Cerin, G, Ecocardiografico, Campagna Provinciale di Screening, Yiangou, K, Azina, CH, Yiangou, A, Georgiou, C, Zitti, M, Ioannides, M, Chimonides, S, Olsen, R H, Pedersen, LR, Snoer, M, Christensen, TE, Ghotbi, AA, Hasbak, P, Kjaer, A, Haugaard, SB, Prescott, E, Cacicedo, A, Velasco Del Castillo, S, Gomez Sanchez, V, Anton Ladislao, A, Onaindia Gandarias, J, Rodriguez Sanchez, I, Jimenez Melo, O, Garcia Cuenca, E, Zugazabeitia Irazabal, G, Romero Pereiro, A, Monti, L, Nardi, B, Di Giovine, G, Malanchini, G, Scardino, C, Balzarini, L, Presbitero, P, Gasparini, GL, Holte, E, Orlic, D, Tesic, M, Zamaklar-Trifunovic, D, Vujisic-Tesic, B, Borovic, M, Milasinovic, D, Zivkovic, M, Kostic, J, Belelsin, B, Ostojic, M, investigators, PATA STEMI, Trifunovic, D, Krljanac, G, Savic, L, Asanin, M, Aleksandric, S, Petrovic, M, Zlatic, N, Lasica, R, Mrdovic, I, Nucifora, G, Muser, D, Zanuttini, D, Tioni, C, Bernardi, G, Spedicato, L, Proclemer, A, Casalta, AC, Galli, E, Szymanski, C, Salaun, E, Lavoute, C, Haentjens, J, Tribouilloy, C, Mancini, J, Donal, E, Habib, G, Cavalcante, JL, Delgado-Montero, A, Dahou, A, Caballero, L, Rijal, S, Gorcsan, J, Monin, JL, Pibarot, P, Lancellotti, P, Keramida, K, Kouris, N, Kostopoulos, V, Giannaris, V, Trifou, E, Markos, L, Mihalopoulos, A, Mprempos, G, Olympios, CD, Calin, A, Mateescu, AD, Rosca, M, Beladan, CC, Enache, R, Gurzun, MM, Varga, P, Calin, C, Ginghina, C, Popescu, BA, Almeida Morais, L, Galrinho, A, Branco, L, Gomes, V, Timoteo, A T, Daniel, P, Rodrigues, I, Rosa, S, Fragata, J, Ferreira, R, Bandera, F, Generati, G, Pellegrino, M, Carbone, F, Labate, V, Alfonzetti, E, Guazzi, M, Galli, E, Leclercq, C, Samset, E, Donal, E, Kamal, H M, Oraby, MA, Eleraky, A Z, Yossuef, M A, Leite, L, Baptista, R, Teixeira, R, Ribeiro, N, Oliveira, AP, Barbosa, A, Castro, G, Martins, R, Elvas, L, Pego, M, Polte, CL, Gao, SA, Lagerstrand, KM, Johnsson, AA, Bech-Hanssen, O, Martinez Santos, P, Vilacosta, I, Batlle Lopez, E, Sanchez Sauce, B, Jimenez Valtierra, J, Espana Barrio, E, Campuzano Ruiz, R, De La Rosa Riestra, A, Alonso Bello, J, Perez Gonzalez, F, Jin, CN, Wan, S, Sun, JP, Lee, AP, Generati, G, Bandera, F, Pellegrino, M, Carbone, F, Labate, V, Alfonzetti, E, Guazzi, M, Reali, M, Cimino, S, Salatino, T, Silvetti, E, Mancone, M, Pennacchi, M, Giordano, A, Sardella, G, Agati, L, Kalcik, M, Yesin, M, Gunduz, S, Gursoy, MO, Astarcioglu, MA, Karakoyun, S, Bayam, E, Cersit, S, Ozkan, M, Cacicedo, A, Velasco Del Castillo, S, Gomez Sanchez, V, Anton Ladislao, A, Onaindia Gandarias, J, Rodriguez Sanchez, I, Jimenez Melo, O, Quintana Razcka, O, Romero Pereiro, A, Zugazabeitia Irazabal, G, Nascimento, H, Braga, M, Flores, L, Ribeiro, V, Melao, F, Dias, P, Maciel, MJ, Bettencourt, P, Ferreiro Quero, C, Mesa Rubio, M D, Ruiz Ortiz, M, Delgado Ortega, M, Sanchez Fernandez, J, Duran Jimenez, E, Morenate Navio, C, Romero, M, Pan, M, Suarez De Lezo, J, Kazum, S, Vaturi, M, Weisenberg, D, Monakier, D, Valdman, A, Vaknin- Assa, H, Assali, A, Kornowski, R, Sagie, A, Shapira, Y, Madeira, S, Ribeiras, R, Abecasis, J, Teles, R, Castro, M, Tralhao, A, Horta, E, Brito, J, Andrade, M, Mendes, M, Villagra, JM, Avegliano, G, Ronderos, R, Matta, MG, Camporrotondo, M, Castro, F, Albina, G, Aranda, A, Navia, D, Muraru, D, Siciliano, M, Migliore, F, Cavedon, S, Folino, F, Pedrizzetti, G, Bertaglia, M, Corrado, D, Iliceto, S, Badano, LP, Gobbo, M, Merlo, M, Stolfo, D, Losurdo, P, Ramani, F, Barbati, G, Pivetta, A, Pinamonti, B, Sinagra, GF, Di Lenarda, A, Generati, G, Bandera, F, Pellegrino, M, Labate, V, Carbone, F, Alfonzetti, E, Guazzi, M, D'andrea, A, Di Palma, E, Baldini, L, Verrengia, M, Vastarella, R, Limongelli, G, Bossone, E, Calabro', R, Russo, MG, Pacileo, G, Azevedo, O, Cruz, I, Correia, E, Bento, D, Teles, L, Lourenco, C, Faria, R, Domingues, K, Picarra, B, Marques, N, Group, SUNSHINE, Nucifora, G, Muser, D, Gianfagna, P, Morocutti, G, Proclemer, A, Cruz, I, Gomes, AC, Lopes, LR, Stuart, B, Caldeira, D, Morgado, G, Almeida, AR, Canedo, P, Bagulho, C, Pereira, H, Lozano Granero, VC, Pardo Sanz, A, Marco Del Castillo, A, Monteagudo Ruiz, JM, Rincon Diaz, LM, Ruiz Rejon, F, Casas, E, Hinojar, R, Fernandez-Golfin, C, Zamorano Gomez, JL, Stampfli, S F, Erhart, L, Staehli, BE, Kaufmann, BA, Tanner, FC, Marketou, M, Kontaraki, J, Parthenakis, F, Maragkoudakis, S, Zacharis, E, Patrianakos, A, Vardas, P, Bento, D, Domingues, K, Correia, E, Lopes, L, Teles, L, Picarra, B, Magalhaes, P, Faria, R, Lourenco, C, Azevedo, O, Group, SUNSHINE, Mohty, D, Boulogne, C, Magne, J, Damy, T, Martin, S, Boncoeur, MP, Aboyans, V, Jaccard, A, Hernandez Jimenez, V, Saavedra Falero, J, Alberca Vela, MT, Molina Blazquez, L, Mata Caballero, R, Serrano Rosado, JA, Elviro, R, Gascuena, R, Di Gioia, C, Fernandez Rozas, I, Manzano, MC, Martinez Sanchez, JI, Molina, M, Palma, J, Ingvarsson, A, Werther Evaldsson, A, Radegran, G, Stagmo, M, Waktare, J, Roijer, A, Meurling, CJ, Cameli, M, Righini, FM, Sparla, S, Di Tommaso, C, Focardi, M, D'ascenzi, F, Tacchini, D, Maccherini, M, Henein, M, Mondillo, S, Werther Evaldsson, A, Ingvarsson, A, Waktare, J, Thilen, U, Stagmo, M, Roijer, A, Radegran, G, Meurling, C, Greiner, S, Jud, A, Aurich, M, Katus, HA, Mereles, D, Michelsen, MM, Faber, R, Pena, A, Mygind, ND, Suhrs, HE, Zander, M, Prescott, E, El Eraky, AZZA, Handoka, NESRIN, Ghali, MONA, Eldahshan, NAHED, Ibrahim, AHMED, Kamal, H M, Al-Eraky, A Z, El Attar, M A, Omar, A S, D'ascenzi, F, Pelliccia, A, Alvino, F, Solari, M, Cameli, M, Focardi, M, Bonifazi, M, Mondillo, S, Spinelli, L, Giudice, C A, Assante Di Panzillo, E, Castaldo, D, Riccio, E, Pisani, A, Trimarco, B, Stojanovic, S, Deljanin Ilic, M, Ilic, S, Mincu, RI, Magda, LS, Florescu, M, Velcea, A, Mihalcea, D, Chiru, A, Popescu, BO, Tiu, C, Vinereanu, D, Vindis, D, Hutyra, M, Cechakova, E, Littnerova, S, Taborsky, M, Mantovani, F, Lugli, R, Bursi, F, Fabbri, M, Modena, MG, Stefanelli, G, Mussini, C, Barbieri, A, Yi, JE, Youn, HJ, O, JH, Yoon, HJ, Jung, HO, Shin, GJ, Styczynski, G, Rdzanek, A, Pietrasik, A, Kochman, J, Huczek, Z, Milewska, A, Marczewska, M, Szmigielski, C A, Battah, AHMED, Abd Eldayem, SOHA, El Magd El Bohy, ABO, O'driscoll, J, Slee, A, Peresso, V, Nazir, S, Sharma, R, Generati, G, Bandera, F, Pellegrino, M, Labate, V, Carbone, F, Alfonzetti, E, Guazzi, M, Velasco Del Castillo, S, Anton Ladislao, A, Gomez Sanchez, V, Cacidedo Fernandez Bobadilla, A, Onaindia Gandarias, JJ, Rodriguez Sanchez, I, Romero Pereira, A, Quintana Rackza, O, Jimenez Melo, O, Zugazabeitia Irazabal, G, Voilliot, D, Huttin, O, Venner, C, Deballon, R, Manenti, V, Villemin, T, Olivier, A, Sadoul, N, Juilliere, Y, Selton-Suty, C, Scali, MC, Simioniuc, A, Mandoli, GE, Dini, FL, Marzilli, M, Picano, E, Garcia Campos, A, Martin-Fernandez, M, De La Hera Galarza, JM, Corros-Vicente, C, Leon-Aguero, V, Velasco-Alonso, E, Colunga-Blanco, S, Fidalgo-Arguelles, A, Rozado-Castano, J, Moris De La Tassa, C, Opitz, B, Stelzmueller, ME, Wisser, W, Reichenfelser, W, Mohl, W, Herold, IHF, Saporito, S, Mischi, M, Bouwman, RA, Van Assen, HC, Van Den Bosch, HCM, De Lepper, A, Korsten, HHM, Houthuizen, P, Veiga, CESAR, I, JAVIER. Randulfe Juanjo Andina Jose Fanina Francisco Calvo Emilio Paredes-Galan Pablo Pazos Andres, Ageing, Diseases, Cardiovascular, Santos Furtado, M, Rodrigues, A, Leal, G, Silvestre, O, Andrade, J, Khan, UM, Hjertaas, JJ, Greve, G, Matre, K, Leite, L, Teixeira, R, Baptista, R, Barbosa, A, Ribeiro, N, Castro, G, Martins, R, Cardim, N, Goncalves, L, Pego, M, Leite, L, Teixeira, R, Baptista, R, Barbosa, A, Ribeiro, N, Castro, G, Martins, R, Cardim, N, Goncalves, L, Pego, M, Leite, L, Teixeira, R, Baptista, R, Barbosa, A, Oliveira, AP, Castro, G, Martins, R, Cardim, N, Goncalves, L, Pego, M, Keramida, K, Kouris, N, Kostopoulos, V, Markos, L, Olympios, CD, Molnar, AA, Kovacs, A, Tarnoki, AD, Tarnoki, DL, Kolossvary, M, Apor, A, Maurovich-Horvat, P, Jermendy, G, Sengupta, P, Merkely, B, Rio, P, Viveiros Monteiro, A, Galrinho, A, Pereira-Da-Silva, T, Moura Branco, L, Timoteo, A, Abreu, J, Leal, A, Varela, F, Cruz Ferreira, R, Huang, MS, Yang, LT, Tsai, WC, Papadopoulos, C, Mpaltoumas, K, Fotoglidis, A, Triantafyllou, K, Pagourelias, E, Kassimatis, E, Tzikas, S, Kotsiouros, G, Mantzogeorgou, E, Vassilikos, V, Venneri, L, Calicchio, F, Manivarmane, R, Pareek, N, Baksi, J, Rosen, S, Senior, R, Lyon, AR, Khattar, RS, Onut, R, Marinescu, C, Onciul, S, Zamfir, D, Tautu, O, Dorobantu, M, Casas Rojo, E, Carbonell San Roman, A, Rincon Diez, LM, Gonzalez Gomez, A, Fernandez Santos, S, Lazaro Rivera, C, Moreno Vinues, C, Sanmartin Fernandez, M, Fernandez-Golfin, C, Zamorano Gomez, JL, Bayat, F, Alirezaei, T, Karimi, AS, hospital, cardiovascular research center of shahid beheshti, Aggeli, C, Kakiouzi, V, Felekos, I, Panagopoulou, V, Latsios, G, Karabela, M, Petras, D, Tousoulis, D, Ben Kahla, S, Abid, L, Abid, D, Kammoun, S, Abid, L, Ben Kahla, S, Choi, JH, Lee, JW, Barreiro Perez, M, Martin Fernandez, M, Costilla Garcia, SM, Diaz Pelaez, E, and Moris De La Tassa, C

Abstract

Purpose: We developed a transthoracic echo simulator that can measure psychomotor skill in echo to assist in training as well as for certification of competence. The simulator displays cine loops on a computer in response to the user scanning a mannequin with a mock transducer. The skill metric is the deviation angle between the image acquired by the user and the anatomically correct plane for the specified view. We sought to determine whether the simulator-based test could distinguish levels of expertise. Methods: Attendees at an echo course or at the annual meeting of the Swedish Heart Association were invited to take a 15 min test on the simulator. On the test, the user scanned the mannequin and acquired 4 views: parasternal long axis (pLAX) in patient 1, apical 4 chamber (a4c) and aLAX in patient 2, and pLAX in patient 3. Scan time was limited to 15 min. Attendees were asked regarding current work status, position, and experience with echo assessed from duration in years and procedure volume in the past 12 months. Results: Of the 61 participants there were 22 sonographers, 2 nurses, and 37 doctors who were all in practice except 1 doctor who was a resident. The data of nurses was combined with that of sonographers because their procedure volume was nearer to that of sonographers (850 ± 599 tests/yr) than doctors (312 ± 393, p < 0.001). Doctors and non-doctors had similar duration of experience (9 ± 8 vs. 12 ± 11 yrs, p=NS). The test was not completed by 12 participants (18%) but unfamiliarity with the simulator may have contributed because the deviation angle for pLAX dropped between the first and third patients (23 ± 11 to 18 ± 10 degrees, p<0.020). The average deviation angle over the 4 views was slightly lower for sonographers than for doctors (26 ± 11 vs. 30 ± 14 degrees, p=NS). The deviation angle for pLAX (55 ± 37 degrees) was higher than for a4C (17 ± 22 degrees) or either pLAX view (p<0.00001). pLAX was the only view whose deviation angle correlated significantly with experience and only with procedure volume (r=-0.302, p=0.025). Conclusions: The results of this study demonstrate that the skill metric employed, angle of deviation between the plane of an acquired view and the plane of the anatomically correct image for that view, can distinguish the relative experience of sonographers and doctors in practice. Simulation-based testing provides objective and quantitative assessment of the psychomotor skill of image acquisition and may be of value in certification of trainees and in maintenance of certification examination of practicing sonographers and doctors.

Published
2015
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30. Poster session 1: Wednesday 3 December 2014, 09:00-16:00 * Location: Poster area

Author

Tong, L, Huang, C, Ramalli, A, Tortoli, P, Luo, J, D'hooge, J, Tzemos, N, Mordi, I, Bishay, T, Bishay, T, Negishi, T, Hristova, K, Kurosawa, K, Bansal, M, Thavendiranathan, P, Yuda, S, Popescu, BA, Vinereanu, D, Penicka, M, Marwick, TH, study, SUCCOUR, Hamed, W, Kamel, MKA, Yaseen, RIY, El-Barbary, HSE, Nemes, A, Kis, O, Gavaller, H, Kanyo, E, Forster, T, Angelis, A, Vlachopoulos, C, Ioakimidis, N, Felekos, I, Chrysohoou, C, Aznaouridis, K, Abdelrasoul, M, Terentes, D, Ageli, K, Stefanadis, C, Kurnicka, K, Domienik-Karlowicz, J, Lichodziejewska, B, Goliszek, S, Grudzka, K, Krupa, M, Dzikowska-Diduch, O, Ciurzynski, M, Pruszczyk, P, Gual Capllonch, F, Lopez Ayerbe, J, Teis, A, Ferrer, E, Vallejo, N, Junca, G, Pla, R, Bayes-Genis, A, Schwaiger, JP, Knight, DS, Gallimore, A, Schreiber, BE, Handler, C, Coghlan, JG, Bruno, R M, Giardini, G, Malacrida, S, Catuzzo, B, Armenia, S, Brustia, R, Ghiadoni, L, Cauchy, E, Pratali, L, Kim, KH, Lee, KJ, Cho, JY, Yoon, HJ, Ahn, Y, Jeong, MH, Cho, JG, Park, JC, Cho, SK, Nastase, O, Enache, R, Mateescu, AD, Botezatu, D, Popescu, BA, Ginghina, C, Gu, H, Sinha, MD, Simpson, JM, Chowienczyk, PJ, Fazlinezhad, A, Tashakori Behesthi, AHMAD, Homaei, FATEME, Mostafavi, H, Hosseini, G, Bakaeiyan, M, Boutsikou, M, Petrou, E, Dimopoulos, A, Dritsas, A, Leontiadis, E, Karatasakis, G, Sahin, S T, Yurdakul, S, Yilmaz, N, Cengiz, B, Cagatay, Y, Aytekin, S, Yavuz, S, Karlsen, S, Dahlslett, T, Grenne, B, Sjoli, B, Smiseth, OA, Edvardsen, T, Brunvand, H, Nasr, G, Nasr, A, Eleraki, A, Elrefai, S, Mordi, I, Sonecki, P, Tzemos, N, Gustafsson, U, Naar, J, Stahlberg, M, Cerne, A, Capotosto, L, Rosato, E, D'angeli, I, Azzano, A, Truscelli, G, De Maio, M, Salsano, F, Terzano, C, Mangieri, E, Vitarelli, A, Renard, S, Najih, H, Mancini, J, Jacquier, A, Haentjens, J, Gaubert, JY, Habib, G, Caminiti, G, D'antoni, V, D'antoni, V, Cardaci, V, Cardaci, V, Conti, V, Conti, V, Volterrani, M, Volterrani, M, Ahn, J, Kim, DH, Lee, HO, Iliuta, L, Kim, SY, Ryu, S, Ko, CW, Pyun, YS, Yoon, SJ, Lo Iudice, F, Esposito, R, Lembo, M, Santoro, C, Ballo, PC, Mondillo, S, De Simone, G, Galderisi, M, Hwang, YM, Kim, JH, Kim, JH, Moon, KW, Yoo, KD, Kim, CM, Tagliamonte, E, Rigo, F, Cirillo, T, Caruso, A, Astarita, C, Cice, G, Quaranta, G, Romano, C, Capuano, N, Calabro', R, Zagatina, A, Zhuravskaya, N, Guseva, O, Huttin, O, Benichou, M, Voilliot, D, Venner, C, Micard, E, Girerd, N, Sadoul, N, Moulin, F, Juilliere, Y, Selton-Suty, C, Baron, T, Christersson, C, Johansson, K, Flachskampf, FA, Lee, S, Lee, J, Hur, S, Park, J, Yun, JY, Song, SK, Kim, WH, Ko, JK, Nyktari, E, Bilal, S, Ali, SA, Izgi, C, Prasad, SK, Aly, MFA, Kleijn, SAK, Kandil, HIK, Kamp, OK, Beladan, CC, Calin, A, Rosca, M, Craciun, AM, Gurzun, MM, Calin, C, Enache, R, Mateescu, A, Ginghina, C, Popescu, BA, Mornos, C, Mornos, A, Ionac, A, Cozma, D, Crisan, S, Popescu, I, Ionescu, G, Petrescu, L, Camacho, S, Gamaza Chulian, S, Carmona, R, Diaz, E, Giraldez, A, Gutierrez, A, Toro, R, Benezet, J, Antonini-Canterin, F, Vriz, O, La Carrubba, S, Poli, S, Leiballi, E, Zito, C, Careri, S, Caruso, R, Pellegrinet, M, Nicolosi, GL, Kong, W, Kyu, K, Wong, R, Tay, E, Yip, J, Yeo, TC, Poh, KK, Correia, M, Delgado, A, Marmelo, B, Correia, E, Abreu, L, Cabral, C, Gama, P, Santos, O, Rahman, MT, Borges, I P, Peixoto, ECS, Peixoto, RTS, Peixoto, RTS, Marcolla, VF, Okura, H, Kanai, M, Murata, E, Kataoka, T, Stoebe, S, Tarr, A, Pfeiffer, D, Hagendorff, A, Generati, G, Bandera, F, Pellegrino, M, Alfonzetti, E, Labate, V, Guazzi, M, Kuznetsov, VA, Yaroslavskaya, EI, Pushkarev, GS, Krinochkin, DV, Zyrianov, IP, Carigi, S, Baldazzi, F, Bologna, F, Amati, S, Venturi, P, Grosseto, D, Biagetti, C, Fabbri, E, Arlotti, M, Piovaccari, G, Rahbi, H, Bin Abdulhaq, A, Tleyjeh, I, Santoro, C, Galderisi, M, Costantino, MF, Tarsia, G, Innelli, P, Dores, E, Esposito, G, Matera, A, De Simone, G, Trimarco, B, Capotosto, L, Azzano, A, Mukred, K, Ashurov, R, Tanzilli, G, Mangieri, E, Vitarelli, A, Merlo, M, Gigli, M, Stolfo, D, Pinamonti, B, Antonini Canterin, F, Muca, M, D'angelo, GA, Scapol, S, Di Nucci, M, Sinagra, G, Behaghel, A, Feneon, D, Fournet, M, Thebault, C, Martins, RP, Mabo, P, Leclercq, C, Daubert, C, Donal, E, Davinder Pal, SINGH, Prakash Chand, NEGI, Sanjeev, ASOTRA, Rajeev, MERWAH, Ankur, DWIVED, Ram Gopal, SOOD, Mzoughi, K, Zairi, I, Jabeur, M, Ben Moussa, F, Ben Chaabene, A, Kamoun, S, Mrabet, K, Fennira, S, Zargouni, A, Kraiem, S, Demkina, AE, Hashieva, FM, Krylova, NS, Kovalevskaya, EA, Potehkina, NG, Zaroui, A, Ben Said, R, Smaali, S, Rekik, B, Ben Hlima, M, Mizouni, H, Mechmeche, R, Mourali, MS, Malhotra, A, Sheikh, N, Dhutia, H, Siva, A, Narain, R, Merghani, A, Millar, L, Walker, M, Sharma, S, Papadakis, M, Siam-Tsieu, V, Mansencal, N, Arslan, M, Deblaise, J, Dubourg, O, Zaroui, A, Rekik, B, Ben Said, R, Boudiche, S, Larbi, N, Tababi, N, Hannachi, S, Mechmeche, R, Mourali, MS, Mechmeche, R, Zaroui, A, Chalbia, T, Ben Halima, M, Rekik, B, Boussada, R, Mourali, MS, Chistyakova, M V, Govorin, AV, Radaeva, EV, Lipari, P, Bonapace, S, Valbusa, F, Rossi, A, Zenari, L, Lanzoni, L, Targher, G, Canali, G, Molon, G, Barbieri, E, Novo, G, Giambanco, S, Sutera, MR, Bonomo, V, Giambanco, F, Rotolo, A, Evola, S, Assennato, P, Novo, S, Budnik, M, Piatkowski, R, Kochanowski, J, Opolski, G, Chatzistamatiou, E, Mpampatseva Vagena, I, Manakos, K, Moustakas, G, Konstantinidis, D, Memo, G, Mitsakis, O, Kasakogias, A, Syros, P, Kallikazaros, I, Park, SM, Kim, SA, Kim, MN, Shim, WJ, Marketou, M, Parthenakis, F, Kalyva, N, Pontikoglou, CH, Maragkoudakis, S, Zacharis, E, Patrianakos, A, Maragoudakis, F, Papadaki, H, Vardas, P, Rodrigues, AC, Perandini, LA, Souza, TR, Sa-Pinto, AL, Borba, E, Arruda, AL, Furtado, M, Carvalho, F, Bonfa, E, Andrade, JL, Hlubocka, Z, Malinova, V, Palecek, T, Danzig, V, Kuchynka, P, Dostalova, G, Zeman, J, Linhart, A, Chatzistamatiou, E, Konstantinidis, D, Memo, G, Mpampatzeva Vagena, I, Moustakas, G, Manakos, K, Trachanas, K, Vergi, N, Feretou, A, Kallikazaros, I, Corut, H, Sade, LE, Ozin, B, Atar, I, Turgay, O, Muderrisoglu, H, Ledakowicz-Polak, A, Polak, L, Krauza, G, Zielinska, M, Szulik, M, Streb, W, Wozniak, A, Lenarczyk, R, Sliwinska, A, Kalarus, Z, Kukulski, T, Nogueira, MA, Branco, LM, Agapito, A, Galrinho, A, Borba, A, Teixeira, PP, Monteiro, AV, Ramos, R, Cacela, D, Cruz Ferreira, R, Guala, A, Camporeale, C, Tosello, F, Canuto, C, Ridolfi, L, Chatzistamatiou, E, Moustakas, G, Memo, G, Konstantinidis, D, Mpampatzeva Vagena, I, Manakos, K, Traxanas, K, Vergi, N, Feretou, A, Kallikazaros, I, Hristova, K, Marinov, R, Stamenov, G, Mihova, M, Persenska, S, Racheva, A, Plaskota, KJ, Trojnarska, O, Bartczak, A, Grajek, S, Ramush Bejiqi, RA, Retkoceri, R, Bejiqi, H, Beha, A, Surdulli, SH, Seya, M, Sasaoka, T, Hirasawa, K, Yoshikawa, S, Maejima, Y, Ashikaga, T, Hirao, K, Isobe, M, none, Dreyfus, J, Durand-Viel, G, Cimadevilla, C, Brochet, E, Vahanian, A, Messika-Zeitoun, D, Jin, CN, Fang, F, Meng, FX, Kam, K, Sun, JP, Tsui, GK, Wong, KK, Wan, S, Yu, CM, Lee, AP, Cho, I J, Chung, HM, Heo, R, Ha, SJ, Hong, GR, Shim, CY, Chang, HJ, Ha, JW, Chung, N, Moral, S, Gruosso, D, Galuppo, V, Teixido, G, Rodriguez-Palomares, JF, Gutierrez, L, Evangelista, A, Moral, S, Gruosso, D, Galuppo, V, Teixido, G, Rodriguez-Palomares, JF, Gutierrez, L, Evangelista, A, Moral, S, Gruosso, D, Galuppo, V, Teixido, G, Rodriguez-Palomares, JF, Gutierrez, L, Evangelista, A, Alexopoulos, Alexan, Dawson, David, Nihoyannopoulos, Petros, Zainal Abidin, H A, Ismail, JOHAN, Arshad, KAMAL, Ibrahim, ZUBIN, Lim, CW, Abd Rahman, E, Kasim, SAZZLI, Peteiro, J, Barrio, A, Escudero, A, Bouzas-Mosquera, A, Yanez, J, Martinez, D, Castro-Beiras, A, Scali, MC, Simioniuc, A, Mandoli, GE, Lombardo, A, Massaro, F, Di Bello, V, Marzilli, M, Dini, FL, Adachi, H, Tomono, J, Oshima, S, Merchan Ortega, G, Bravo Bustos, D, Lazaro Garcia, R, Sanchez Espino, AD, Macancela Quinones, JJ, Ikuta, I, Ruiz Lopez, MF, Valencia Serrano, FM, Bonaque Gonzalez, JC, Gomez Recio, M, Romano, G, D'ancona, G, Pilato, G, Di Gesaro, G, Clemenza, F, Raffa, G, Scardulla, C, Sciacca, S, Lancellotti, P, Pilato, M, Addetia, K, Takeuchi, M, Maffessanti, F, Weinert, L, Hamilton, J, Mor-Avi, V, Lang, RM, Sugano, A, Seo, Y, Watabe, H, Kakefuda, Y, Aihara, H, Nishina, H, Ishizu, T, Fumikura, Y, Noguchi, Y, Aonuma, K, Luo, XX, Fang, F, Lee, APW, Shang, Q, Yu, CM, Sammut, E C, Chabinok, R, Jackson, T, Siarkos, M, Lee, L, Carr-White, G, Rajani, R, Kapetanakis, S, Byrne, D, Walsh, JP, Ellis, L, Mckiernan, S, Norris, S, King, G, Murphy, RT, Hristova, K, Katova, TZ, Simova, I, Kostova, V, Shuie, I, Ferferieva, V, Bogdanova, V, Castelon, X, Nemes, A, Sasi, V, Domsik, P, Kalapos, A, Lengyel, C, Orosz, A, Forster, T, Grapsa, J, Demir, O, Dawson, D, Sharma, R, Senior, R, Nihoyannopoulos, P, Pilichowska, E, Zaborska, B, Baran, J, Stec, S, Kulakowski, P, Budaj, A, Herrera, J E, Palacios, I F, Mendoza, I, Marquez, J A, Herrera, J A, Octavio, J A, Dempaire, G, Rotolo, M, Kosmala, W, Kaye, G, Saito, M, Negishi, K, Marwick, TH, Maceira Gonzalez, A M, Ripoll, C, Cosin-Sales, J, Igual, B, Salazar, J, Belloch, V, Dulai, R S, Taylor, A, and Gupta, S

Abstract

Purpose: We have previously demonstrated that multi-line transmit (MLT) beam forming can provide high quality full field-of-view (90° sector) B-mode images at very high frame rates, i.e. up to 500 fps. The purpose of this study was to test the feasibility of this technique in imaging the mechanical intraventricular waves such as the one associated with activation of the left ventricle. Methods: A dedicated pulse sequence using MLT was implemented on the ULA-OP research scanner equipped with a 2.0 MHz phased array to obtain 90° sector images at a frame rate of 436 fps. The left ventricle of a healthy volunteer was imaged from the apical 4 chamber view and the RF data was acquired. Subsequently, the strain rate was extracted from the RF data using a normalized cross-correlation method. Results: As expected, during the early filling phase, myocardium lengthening (positive strain rate) was observed propagating from the base of the septum to the apex and back (Figure a). A similar wave was detected in the lateral wall, although a brief shortening (negative strain rate) was detected in the mid-wall which could be the result of reverberations (Figure b). During isovolumetric contraction, the septal wall shortened before the lateral wall (as expected) - moreover - there seemed to be an intra-wall base-apex shortening gradient (Figure c and d). Conclusions: Our preliminary results show that visualization of the cardiac mechanical activation could be feasible using MLT based high frame rate imaging. Further research is required to examine this in depth, which is the topic of on-going work. Figure Curved M-mode of strain rate

Published
2014
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31. Poster session Thursday 12 December - AM: 12/12/2013, 08:30-12:30 * Location: Poster area

Author

Abdovic, E, Abdovic, S, Hristova, K, Hristova, K, Katova, TZ, Katova, TZ, Gocheva, N, Gocheva, N, Pavlova, M, Pavlova, M, Gurzun, M M, Ionescu, A, Canpolat, U, Yorgun, H, Sunman, H, Sahiner, L, Kaya, EB, Ozer, N, Tokgozoglu, L, Kabakci, G, Aytemir, K, Oto, A, Gonella, A, Dascenzo, F, Casasso, F, Conte, E, Margaria, F, Grosso Marra, W, Frea, S, Morello, M, Bobbio, M, Gaita, F, Seo, HY, Lee, SP, Lee, JM, Yoon, YE, Park, E, Kim, HK, Park, SJ, Lee, H, Kim, YJ, Sohn, DW, Nemes, A, Domsik, P, Kalapos, A, Orosz, A, Lengyel, C, Forster, T, Enache, R, Muraru, D, Popescu, BA, Calin, A, Nastase, O, Botezatu, D, Purcarea, F, Rosca, M, Beladan, CC, Ginghina, C, Canpolat, U, Aytemir, K, Ozer, N, Yorgun, H, Sahiner, L, Kaya, EB, Oto, A, Trial, Turkish Atrial Fibrosis, Muraru, D, Piasentini, E, Mihaila, S, Padayattil Jose, S, Peluso, D, Ucci, L, Naso, P, Puma, L, Iliceto, S, Badano, LP, Cikes, M, Jakus, N, Sutherland, GR, Haemers, P, Dhooge, J, Claus, P, Yurdakul, S, Oner, FATMA, Direskeneli, HANER, Sahin, TAYLAN, Cengiz, BETUL, Ercan, G, Bozkurt, AYSEN, Aytekin, SAIDE, Osa Saez, A M, Rodriguez-Serrano, M, Lopez-Vilella, R, Buendia-Fuentes, F, Domingo-Valero, D, Quesada-Carmona, A, Miro-Palau, VE, Arnau-Vives, MA, Palencia-Perez, M, Rueda-Soriano, J, Lipczynska, M, Piotr Szymanski, PS, Anna Klisiewicz, AK, Lukasz Mazurkiewicz, LM, Piotr Hoffman, PH, Kim, KH, Cho, SK, Ahn, Y, Jeong, MH, Cho, JG, Park, JC, Chinali, M, Franceschini, A, Matteucci, MC, Doyon, A, Esposito, C, Del Pasqua, A, Rinelli, G, Schaefer, F, group, the 4C study, Kowalik, E, Klisiewicz, A, Rybicka, J, Szymanski, P, Biernacka, EK, Hoffman, P, Lee, S, Kim, W, Yun, H, Jung, L, Kim, E, Ko, J, Ruddox, V, Norum, IB, Edvardsen, T, Baekkevar, M, Otterstad, JE, Erdei, T, Edwards, J, Braim, D, Yousef, Z, Fraser, AG, Cardiff, Investigators, MEDIA, Melcher, A, Reiner, B, Hansen, A, Strandberg, LE, Caidahl, K, Wellnhofer, E, Kriatselis, C, Gerd-Li, H, Furundzija, V, Thnabalasingam, U, Fleck, E, Graefe, M, Park, YJ, Moon, JG, Ahn, TH, Baydar, O, Kadriye Kilickesmez, KK, Ugur Coskun, UC, Polat Canbolat, PC, Veysel Oktay, VO, Umit Yasar Sinan, US, Okay Abaci, OA, Cuneyt Kocas, CK, Sinan Uner, SU, Serdar Kucukoglu, SK, Ferferieva, V, Claus, P, Rademakers, F, Dhooge, J, Le, T T, Wong, P, Tee, N, Huang, F, Tan, RS, Altman, M, Logeart, D, Bergerot, C, Gellen, B, Pare, C, Gerard, S, Sirol, M, Vicaut, E, Mercadier, JJ, Derumeaux, G A, investigators, PREGICA, Park, T-H, Park, J-I, Shin, S-W, Yun, S-H, Lee, J-E, Makavos, G, Kouris, N, Keramida, K, Dagre, A, Ntarladimas, I, Kostopoulos, V, Damaskos, D, Olympios, CD, Leong, DP, Piers, SRD, Hoogslag, GE, Hoke, U, Thijssen, J, Ajmone Marsan, N, Schalij, MJ, Bax, JJ, Zeppenfeld, K, Delgado, V, Rio, P, Branco, L, Galrinho, A, Cacela, D, Abreu, J, Timoteo, A, Teixeira, P, Pereira-Da-Silva, T, Selas, M, Cruz Ferreira, R, Popa, B A, Zamfir, L, Novelli, E, Lanzillo, G, Karazanishvili, L, Musica, G, Stelian, E, Benea, D, Diena, M, Cerin, G, Fusini, L, Mirea, O, Tamborini, G, Muratori, M, Gripari, P, Ghulam Ali, S, Cefalu, C, Maffessanti, F, Andreini, D, Pepi, M, Mamdoo, F, Goncalves, A, Peters, F, Matioda, H, Govender, S, Dos Santos, C, Essop, MR, Kuznetsov, V A, Yaroslavskaya, E I, Pushkarev, G S, Krinochkin, D V, Kolunin, G V, Bennadji, A, Hascoet, S, Dulac, Y, Hadeed, K, Peyre, M, Ricco, L, Clement, L, Acar, P, Ding, WH, Zhao, Y, Lindqvist, P, Nilson, J, Winter, R, Holmgren, A, Ruck, A, Henein, MY, Illatopa, V, Cordova, F, Espinoza, D, Ortega, J, Cavalcante, JL, Patel, MT, Katz, W, Schindler, J, Crock, F, Khanna, MK, Khandhar, S, Tsuruta, H, Kohsaka, S, Murata, M, Yasuda, R, Tokuda, H, Kawamura, A, Maekawa, Y, Hayashida, K, Fukuda, K, Le Tourneau, T, Kyndt, F, Lecointe, S, Duval, D, Rimbert, A, Merot, J, Trochu, JN, Probst, V, Le Marec, H, Schott, JJ, Veronesi, F, Addetia, K, Corsi, C, Lamberti, C, Lang, RM, Mor-Avi, V, Gjerdalen, G F, Hisdal, J, Solberg, EE, Andersen, TE, Radunovic, Z, Steine, K, Maffessanti, F, Gripari, P, Tamborini, G, Muratori, M, Fusini, L, Ferrari, C, Caiani, EG, Alamanni, F, Bartorelli, AL, Pepi, M, Dascenzi, F, Cameli, M, Iadanza, A, Lisi, M, Reccia, R, Curci, V, Sinicropi, G, Henein, M, Pierli, C, Mondillo, S, Rekhraj, S, Hoole, SP, Mcnab, DC, Densem, CG, Boyd, J, Parker, K, Shapiro, LM, Rana, BS, Kotrc, M, Vandendriessche, T, Bartunek, J, Claeys, MJ, Vanderheyden, M, Paelinck, B, De Bock, D, De Maeyer, C, Vrints, C, Penicka, M, Silveira, C, Albuquerque, ESA, Lamprea, DL, Larangeiras, VL, Moreira, CRPM, Victor Filho, MVF, Alencar, BMA, Silveira, AQMS, Castillo, JMDC, Zambon, E, Iorio, A, Carriere, C, Pantano, A, Barbati, G, Bobbo, M, Abate, E, Pinamonti, B, Di Lenarda, A, Sinagra, G, Salemi, V M C, Tavares, L, Ferreira Filho, JCA, Oliveira, AM, Pessoa, FG, Ramires, F, Fernandes, F, Mady, C, Cavarretta, E, Lotrionte, M, Abbate, A, Mezzaroma, E, De Marco, E, Peruzzi, M, Loperfido, F, Biondi-Zoccai, G, Frati, G, Palazzoni, G, Park, T-H, Lee, J-E, Lee, D-H, Park, J-S, Park, K, Kim, M-H, Kim, Y-D, Van T Sant, J, Gathier, WA, Leenders, GE, Meine, M, Doevendans, PA, Cramer, MJ, Poyhonen, P, Kivisto, S, Holmstrom, M, Hanninen, H, Schnell, F, Betancur, J, Daudin, M, Simon, A, Carre, F, Tavard, F, Hernandez, A, Garreau, M, Donal, E, Calore, C, Muraru, D, Badano, LP, Melacini, P, Mihaila, S, Denas, G, Naso, P, Casablanca, S, Santi, F, Iliceto, S, Aggeli, C, Venieri, E, Felekos, I, Anastasakis, A, Ritsatos, K, Kakiouzi, V, Kastellanos, S, Cutajar, I, Stefanadis, C, Palecek, T, Honzikova, J, Poupetova, H, Vlaskova, H, Kuchynka, P, Linhart, A, Elmasry, O, Mohamed, MH, Elguindy, WM, Bishara, PNI, Garcia-Gonzalez, P, Cozar-Santiago, P, Bochard-Villanueva, B, Fabregat-Andres, O, Cubillos-Arango, A, Valle-Munoz, A, Ferrer-Rebolleda, J, Paya-Serrano, R, Estornell-Erill, J, Ridocci-Soriano, F, Jensen, M, Havndrup, O, Christiansen, M, Andersen, PS, Axelsson, A, Kober, L, Bundgaard, H, Karapinar, H, Kaya, A, Uysal, EB, Guven, AS, Kucukdurmaz, Z, Oflaz, MB, Deveci, K, Sancakdar, E, Gul, I, Yilmaz, A, Tigen, M K, Karaahmet, T, Dundar, C, Yalcinsoy, M, Tasar, O, Bulut, M, Takir, M, Akkaya, E, Jedrzejewska, I, Braksator, W, Krol, W, Swiatowiec, A, Dluzniewski, M, Lipari, P, Bonapace, S, Zenari, L, Valbusa, F, Rossi, A, Lanzoni, L, Molon, G, Canali, G, Campopiano, E, Barbieri, E, Rueda Calle, E, Alfaro Rubio, F, Gomez Gonzalez, J, Gonzalez Santos, P, Cameli, M, Lisi, M, Focardi, M, Dascenzi, F, Solari, M, Galderisi, M, Mondillo, S, Pratali, L, Bruno, R M, Corciu, AI, Comassi, M, Passera, M, Gastaldelli, A, Mrakic-Sposta, S, Vezzoli, A, Picano, E, Perry, R, Penhall, A, De Pasquale, C, Selvanayagam, J, Joseph, M, Simova, I I, Katova, T M, Kostova, V, Hristova, K, Lalov, I, Dascenzi, F, Pelliccia, A, Natali, BM, Cameli, M, Alvino, F, Zorzi, A, Corrado, D, Bonifazi, M, Mondillo, S, Rees, E, Rakebrandt, F, Rees, DA, Halcox, JP, Fraser, AG, Odriscoll, J, Lau, N, Perez-Lopez, M, Sharma, R, Lichodziejewska, B, Goliszek, S, Kurnicka, K, Kostrubiec, M, Dzikowska Diduch, O, Krupa, M, Grudzka, K, Ciurzynski, M, Palczewski, P, Pruszczyk, P, Gheorghe, LL, Castillo Ortiz, J, Del Pozo Contreras, R, Calle Perez, G, Sancho Jaldon, M, Cabeza Lainez, P, Vazquez Garcia, R, Fernandez Garcia, P, Chueca Gonzalez, E, Arana Granados, R, Zhao, XX, Xu, XD, Bai, Y, Qin, YW, Leren, IS, Hasselberg, NE, Saberniak, J, Leren, TP, Edvardsen, T, Haugaa, KH, Daraban, A M, Sutherland, GR, Claus, P, Werner, B, Gewillig, M, Voigt, JU, Santoro, A, Ierano, P, De Stefano, F, Esposito, R, De Palma, D, Ippolito, R, Tufano, A, Galderisi, M, Costa, R, Fischer, C, Rodrigues, A, Monaco, C, Lira Filho, E, Vieira, M, Cordovil, A, Oliveira, E, Mohry, S, Gaudron, P, Niemann, M, Herrmann, S, Strotmann, J, Beer, M, Hu, K, Bijnens, B, Ertl, G, Weidemann, F, Baktir, AO, Sarli, B, Cicek, M, Karakas, MS, Saglam, H, Arinc, H, Akil, MA, Kaya, H, Ertas, F, Bilik, MZ, Yildiz, A, Oylumlu, M, Acet, H, Aydin, M, Yuksel, M, Alan, S, Odriscoll, J, Gravina, A, Di Fino, S, Thompson, M, Karthigelasingham, A, Ray, K, Sharma, R, De Chiara, B, Russo, CF, Alloni, M, Belli, O, Spano, F, Botta, L, Palmieri, B, Martinelli, L, Giannattasio, C, Moreo, A, Mateescu, AD, La Carrubba, S, Vriz, O, Di Bello, V, Carerj, S, Zito, C, Ginghina, C, Popescu, BA, Nicolosi, GL, Antonini-Canterin, F, Malev, E, Omelchenko, M, Vasina, L, Luneva, E, Zemtsovsky, E, Cikes, M, Velagic, V, Gasparovic, H, Kopjar, T, Colak, Z, Hlupic, LJ, Biocina, B, Milicic, D, Tomaszewski, A, Kutarski, A, Poterala, M, Tomaszewski, M, Brzozowski, W, Kijima, Y, Akagi, T, Nakagawa, K, Ikeda, M, Watanabe, N, Ueoka, A, Takaya, Y, Oe, H, Toh, N, Ito, H, Bochard Villanueva, B, Paya-Serrano, R, Fabregat-Andres, O, Garcia-Gonzalez, P, Perez-Bosca, JL, Cubillos-Arango, A, Chacon-Hernandez, N, Higueras-Ortega, L, De La Espriella-Juan, R, Ridocci-Soriano, F, Noack, T, Mukherjee, C, Ionasec, RI, Voigt, I, Kiefer, P, Hoebartner, M, Misfeld, M, Mohr, F-W, Seeburger, J, Daraban, A M, Baltussen, L, Amzulescu, MS, Bogaert, J, Jassens, S, Voigt, JU, Duchateau, N, Giraldeau, G, Gabrielli, L, Penela, D, Evertz, R, Mont, L, Brugada, J, Berruezo, A, Bijnens, BH, Sitges, M, Yoshikawa, H, Suzuki, M, Hashimoto, G, Kusunose, Y, Otsuka, T, Nakamura, M, Sugi, K, Ruiz Ortiz, M, Mesa, D, Romo, E, Delgado, M, Seoane, T, Martin, M, Carrasco, F, Lopez Granados, A, Arizon, JM, Suarez De Lezo, J, Magalhaes, A, Cortez-Dias, N, Silva, D, Menezes, M, Saraiva, M, Santos, L, Costa, A, Costa, L, Nunes Diogo, A, Fiuza, M, Ren, B, De Groot-De Laat, LE, Mcghie, J, Vletter, WB, Geleijnse, ML, Toda, H, Oe, H, Osawa, K, Miyoshi, T, Ugawa, S, Toh, N, Nakamura, K, Kohno, K, Morita, H, Ito, H, El Ghannudi, S, Germain, P, Samet, H, Jeung, M, Roy, C, Gangi, A, Orii, M, Hirata, K, Yamano, T, Tanimoto, T, Ino, Y, Yamaguchi, T, Kubo, T, Imanishi, T, Akasaka, T, Sunbul, M, Kivrak, T, Oguz, M, Ozguven, S, Gungor, S, Dede, F, Turoglu, HT, Yildizeli, B, Mutlu, B, Mihaila, S, Muraru, D, Piasentini, E, Peluso, D, Cucchini, U, Casablanca, S, Naso, P, Iliceto, S, Vinereanu, D, Badano, LP, Rodriguez Munoz, DA, Moya Mur, JL, Becker Filho, D, Gonzalez, A, Casas Rojo, E, Garcia Martin, A, Recio Vazquez, M, Rincon, LM, Fernandez Golfin, C, Zamorano Gomez, JL, Ledakowicz-Polak, A, Polak, L, Zielinska, M, Kamiyama, T, Nakade, T, Nakamura, Y, Ando, T, Kirimura, M, Inoue, Y, Sasaki, O, Nishioka, T, Farouk, H, Sakr, B, Elchilali, K, Said, K, Sorour, K, Salah, H, Mahmoud, G, Casanova Rodriguez, C, Cano Carrizal, R, Iglesias Del Valle, D, Martin Penato Molina, A, Garcia Garcia, A, Prieto Moriche, E, Alvarez Rubio, J, De Juan Bagua, J, Tejero Romero, C, Plaza Perez, I, Korlou, P, Stefanidis, A, Mpikakis, N, Ikonomidis, I, Anastasiadis, S, Komninos, K, Nikoloudi, P, Margos, P, and Pentzeridis, P

Abstract

Purpose: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most prevalent sustained arrhythmia. It is a disease of the elderly and it is common in patients (pts) with structural heart disease. Hypertension (HA), hypertensive heart disease (HHD), diabetes mellitus (DM), coronary artery disease (CAD), heart failure (HF), and valvular heart disease (VHD) are recognized predisposing factors to AF. Objectives: To echocardiographicly disclose the most common predisposing morbidities to AF in our population sample. Methods: From June 2000 to February 2013, 3755 consecutive pts with AF were studied during echocardiographic check-up. According to transthoracic echo, pts were divided in groups based on dominative underlying heart diseases. Electrocardiographically documented AF was subdivided in two groups: transitory and chronic. Transitory AF fulfilled criteria for paroxysmal or persistent AF. Chronic AF were cases of long-standing persistent or permanent AF. Results: The median age was 72 years, age range between 16 and 96 years. There were 51.4% of females. Chronic AF was observed in 68.3% pts. Distribution of underlying heart diseases is shown in figure. Lone AF was diagnosed in only 25 pts, mostly in younger males (median age 48 years, range 29–59, men 80%). Chronic AF was predominant in groups with advanced cardiac remodeling such as dilatative cardiomyopaty (DCM) and VHD, mostly in elderly. HA and DM were found in 75.4% and 18.8%, respectively. Almost 1/2 of pts with AF had HF and 59.2% had diastolic HF. Conclusion: Up to now, echocardiographic categorization of the predisposing factors to AF was not reported. Echocardiographic evaluation of patients with AF could facilitate in identification and well-timed treatment of predisposing comorbidites. Figure Etiological distribution of AF

Published
2013
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32. Probing Energetic Light Dark Matter with Multi-Particle Tracks Signatures at DUNE

Author

Albert De Roeck, Zahra Gh. Moghaddam, Leigh H. Whitehead, Doojin Kim, Jong-Chul Park, Seodong Shin, Park, JC [0000-0002-1276-875X], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, and Park, Jong-Chul [0000-0002-1276-875X]

Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Dark matter, FOS: Physical sciences, 01 natural sciences, Particle identification, Standard Model, High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph), 0103 physical sciences, lcsh:Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, Neutrino Physics, 010306 general physics, Light dark matter, Particle Physics - Phenomenology, Physics, Time projection chamber, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Scattering, hep-ex, Detector, hep-ph, Computational physics, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Beyond Standard Model, lcsh:QC770-798, Neutrino, Regular Article - Theoretical Physics, Particle Physics - Experiment
Abstract

The search for relativistic scattering signals of cosmogenic light dark matter at terrestrial detectors has received increasing attention as an alternative approach to probe dark-sector physics. Large-volume neutrino experiments are well motivated for searches of dark matter that interacts very weakly with Standard Model particles and/or that exhibits a small incoming flux. We perform a dedicated signal sensitivity study for a detector similar to the one proposed by the DUNE Collaboration for cosmogenic dark-matter signals resulting from a non-minimal multi-particle dark-sector scenario. The liquid argon time projection chamber technology adopted for the DUNE detectors is particularly suited for searching for complicated signatures owing to good measurement resolution and particle identification, as well as $dE/dx$ measurements to recognize merged tracks. Taking inelastic boosted dark matter as our benchmark scenario that allows for multiple visible particles in the final state, we demonstrate that the DUNE far detectors have a great potential for probing scattering signals induced by relativistic light dark matter. Detector effects and backgrounds have been estimated and taken into account. Model-dependent and model-independent expected sensitivity limits for a DUNE-like detector are presented., 35 pages, 11 figures, 2 tables, journal published version

Published
2020

33. Pupillometry evaluation of melanopsin retinal ganglion cell function and sleep-wake activity in pre-symptomatic Alzheimer’s disease

Author

Michael G. Harrington, Rustum Karanjia, Alfredo A. Sadun, Martina Romagnoli, William Sultan, Jason C Park, Samuel Asanad, Giulia Amore, Chiara La Morgia, Angela J. Oh, and Oh AJ, Amore G, Sultan W, Asanad S, Park JC, Romagnoli M, La Morgia C, Karanjia R, Harrington MG, Sadun AA.

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Retinal Ganglion Cells, Light, Physiology, Alzheimer's Disease, 0302 clinical medicine, Animal Cells, Medicine and Health Sciences, Cognitive decline, Musculoskeletal System, Cognitive Impairment, Neurons, Chronobiology, Multidisciplinary, Cognitive Neurology, Physics, Electromagnetic Radiation, Neurodegenerative Diseases, Wrist, Arms, Circadian Rhythms, medicine.anatomical_structure, Retinal ganglion cell, Neurology, Physical Sciences, Medicine, Anatomy, Cellular Types, Pupillometry, Research Article, Melanopsin, medicine.medical_specialty, Ganglion Cells, Science, Cognitive Neuroscience, Retinal ganglion, 03 medical and health sciences, Ophthalmology, Mental Health and Psychiatry, medicine, Circadian rhythm, business.industry, Biology and Life Sciences, Afferent Neurons, Actigraphy, Cell Biology, pupillometry, alzheimer, melanopsin, 030104 developmental biology, Body Limbs, Cellular Neuroscience, Cognitive Science, Dementia, business, Physiological Processes, Sleep, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Neuroscience
Abstract

Background Melanopsin-expressing retinal ganglion cells (mRGCs), intrinsically photosensitive RGCs, mediate the light-based pupil response and the light entrainment of the body’s circadian rhythms through their connection to the pretectal nucleus and hypothalamus, respectively. Increased awareness of circadian rhythm dysfunction in neurological conditions including Alzheimer’s disease (AD), has led to a wave of research focusing on the role of mRGCs in these diseases. Postmortem retinal analyses in AD patients demonstrated a significant loss of mRGCs, and in vivo measurements of mRGC function with chromatic pupillometry may be a potential biomarker for early diagnosis and progression of AD. Methods We performed a prospective case-control study in 20 cognitively healthy study participants: 10 individuals with pre-symptomatic AD pathology (pre-AD), identified by the presence of abnormal levels of amyloid β42 and total Tau proteins in the cerebrospinal fluid, and 10 age-matched controls with normal CSF amyloid β42 and Tau levels. To evaluate mRGC function, we used a standardized protocol of chromatic pupillometry on a Ganzfeld system using red (640 nm) and blue (450 nm) light stimuli and measured the pupillary light response (PLR). Non-invasive wrist actigraphy and standardized sleep questionnaires were also completed to evaluate rest-activity circadian rhythm. Results Our results did not demonstrate a significant difference of the PLR between pre-AD and controls but showed a variability of the PLR in the pre-AD group compared with controls on chromatic pupillometry. Wrist actigraphy showed variable sleep-wake patterns and irregular circadian rhythms in the pre-AD group compared with controls. Conclusions The variability seen in measurements of mRGC function and sleep-wake cycle in the pre-AD group suggests that mRGC dysfunction occurs in the pre-symptomatic AD stages, preceding cognitive decline. Future longitudinal studies following progression of these participants can help in elucidating the relationship between mRGCs and circadian rhythm dysfunction in AD.

Published
2019

37. Endovascular Treatment With Targeted Embolization of Cavernous Sinus Dural Arteriovenous Fistulas: A Single-Center Study.

Author

Park S, Lee K, Moon E, Park JC, Kwon B, Lee DH, Suh DC, and Song Y

Abstract

Objective: To assess the feasibility, efficacy, and safety of targeted embolization for cavernous sinus dural arteriovenous fistulas (CSDAVF)., Materials and Methods: This retrospective study investigated patients with CSDAVF who underwent endovascular treatment at a tertiary hospital between October 1991 and March 2023. Treatment strategies were determined based on clinical symptoms and shunt characteristics. Targeted or non-targeted curative embolization was performed to achieve complete shunt occlusion. Initially, targeted embolization, selective occlusion of the shunted pouch while preserving the normal cavernous sinus lumen, was conducted, should that fail, non-targeted embolization was performed. In contrast, palliative embolization solely reduced shunt flow. Clinical signs, imaging characteristics, and outcomes were evaluated according to the agreed treatment strategy., Results: In total, 198 patients with CSDAVF (mean age 59.0 ± 12.1 years, 23.2% male) participated in this study. Of which, 94 patients (47.5%) were treated with targeted embolization, 75 (37.9%) with non-targeted embolization, and 29 (14.6%) with palliative treatment. For patients undergoing curative embolization, 55.7% (94/169) successfully achieved targeted embolization; this procedure was usually used to treat focal fistulas (restrictive or late-restrictive types), whereas diffuse fistulas (proliferative type) often underwent non-targeted or palliative embolization. For patients that underwent targeted embolization, the rate of complete or near-complete occlusion on immediate post-treatment digital subtraction angiography was 93.6% (88/94), with a complication rate of 2.1% (2/94), symptom improvement rate of 96.8% (91/94), and retreatment rate of 5.3% (5/94). No serious complications were reported during follow-up., Conclusion: When successful, targeted embolization of CSDAVF causes low rates of cranial nerve palsy, retreatment, and good clinical outcomes., Competing Interests: The authors have no potential conflicts of interest to disclose., (Copyright © 2024 The Korean Society of Radiology.)

Published
2024
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38. Laser-responsive erastin-loaded chondroitin sulfate nanomedicine targeting CD44 and system x c - in liver cancer: A non-ferroptotic approach.

Author

Yoo SY, Kim HY, Kim DH, Shim WS, Lee SM, Lee DH, Koo JM, Yoo JH, Koh S, Park JC, Yu J, Jeon JS, Baek MJ, Kim DD, Lee JY, Oh SJ, Kim SK, Lee JY, and Kang KW

Subjects
Animals, Humans, Cell Line, Tumor, Tissue Distribution, Antineoplastic Agents administration & dosage, Antineoplastic Agents pharmacokinetics, Lasers, Nanomedicine methods, Mice, Inbred BALB C, Mice, Drug Liberation, Nanoparticles chemistry, Nanoparticles administration & dosage, Female, Chondroitin Sulfates chemistry, Chondroitin Sulfates administration & dosage, Chondroitin Sulfates pharmacokinetics, Hyaluronan Receptors metabolism, Liver Neoplasms drug therapy, Liver Neoplasms pathology, Liver Neoplasms therapy, Mice, Nude, Indocyanine Green administration & dosage, Indocyanine Green pharmacokinetics
Abstract

Erastin, a ferroptosis-inducing system x c - inhibitor, faces clinical challenges due to suboptimal physicochemical and pharmacokinetic properties, as well as relatively low potency and off-target toxicity. Addressing these, we developed ECINs, a novel laser-responsive erastin-loaded nanomedicine utilizing indocyanine green (ICG)-grafted chondroitin sulfate A (CSA) derivatives. Our aim was to improve erastin's tumor targeting via CSA-CD44 interactions and enhance its antitumor efficacy through ICG's photothermal and photodynamic effects in the laser-on state while minimizing off-target effects in the laser-off state. ECINs, with their nanoscale size of 186.7 ± 1.1 nm and high erastin encapsulation efficiency of 93.0 ± 0.8%, showed excellent colloidal stability and sustained drug release up to 120 h. In vitro, ECINs demonstrated a mechanism of cancer cell inhibition via G1-phase cell cycle arrest, indicating a non-ferroptotic action. In vivo biodistribution studies in SK-HEP-1 xenograft mice revealed that ECINs significantly enhanced tumor distribution of erastin (1.9-fold greater than free erastin) while substantially reducing off-target accumulation in the lungs and spleen by 203-fold and 19.1-fold, respectively. Combined with laser irradiation, ECINs significantly decreased tumor size (2.6-fold, compared to free erastin; 2.4-fold, compared to ECINs without laser irradiation) with minimal systemic toxicity. This study highlights ECINs as a dual-modality approach for liver cancer treatment, demonstrating significant efficacy against tumors overexpressing CD44 and system x c - ., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

Published
2024
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39. Enhanced IDOL segmentation framework using personalized hyperspace learning IDOL.

Author

Choi BS, Beltran CJ, Olberg S, Liang X, Lu B, Tan J, Parisi A, Denbeigh J, Yaddanapudi S, Kim JS, Furutani KM, Park JC, and Song B

Subjects
Humans, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Deep Learning, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted methods
Abstract

Background: Adaptive radiotherapy (ART) workflows have been increasingly adopted to achieve dose escalation and tissue sparing under shifting anatomic conditions, but the necessity of recontouring and the associated time burden hinders a real-time or online ART workflow. In response to this challenge, approaches to auto-segmentation involving deformable image registration, atlas-based segmentation, and deep learning-based segmentation (DLS) have been developed. Despite the particular promise shown by DLS methods, implementing these approaches in a clinical setting remains a challenge, namely due to the difficulty of curating a data set of sufficient size and quality so as to achieve generalizability in a trained model., Purpose: To address this challenge, we have developed an intentional deep overfit learning (IDOL) framework tailored to the auto-segmentation task. However, certain limitations were identified, particularly the insufficiency of the personalized dataset to effectively overfit the model. In this study, we introduce a personalized hyperspace learning (PHL)-IDOL segmentation framework capable of generating datasets that induce the model to overfit specific patient characteristics for medical image segmentation., Methods: The PHL-IDOL model is trained in two stages. In the first, a conventional, general model is trained with a diverse set of patient data (n = 100 patients) consisting of CT images and clinical contours. Following this, the general model is tuned with a data set consisting of two components: (a) selection of a subset of the patient data (m < n) using the similarity metrics (mean square error (MSE), peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR), structural similarity index (SSIM), and the universal quality image index (UQI) values); (b) adjust the CT and the clinical contours using a deformed vector generated from the reference patient and the selected patients using (a). After training, the general model, the continual model, the conventional IDOL model, and the proposed PHL-IDOL model were evaluated using the volumetric dice similarity coefficient (VDSC) and the Hausdorff distance 95% (HD95%) computed for 18 structures in 20 test patients., Results: Implementing the PHL-IDOL framework resulted in improved segmentation performance for each patient. The Dice scores increased from 0.81 ± $ \pm $ 0.05 with the general model, 0.83 ± 0.04 $ \pm 0.04$ for the continual model, 0.83 ± 0.04 $ \pm 0.04$ for the conventional IDOL model to an average of 0.87 ± 0.03 $ \pm 0.03$ with the PHL-IDOL model. Similarly, the Hausdorff distance decreased from 3.06 ± 0.99 $ \pm 0.99$ with the general model, 2.84 ± 0.69 $ \pm 0.69$ for the continual model, 2.79 ± 0.79 $ \pm 0.79$ for the conventional IDOL model and 2.36 ± 0.52 $ \pm 0.52$ for the PHL-IDOL model. All the standard deviations were decreased by nearly half of the values comparing the general model and the PHL-IDOL model., Conclusion: The PHL-IDOL framework applied to the auto-segmentation task achieves improved performance compared to the general DLS approach, demonstrating the promise of leveraging patient-specific prior information in a task central to online ART workflows., (© 2024 American Association of Physicists in Medicine.)

Published
2024
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40. The ion channel TRPA1 is a modulator of the cocaine reward circuit in the nucleus accumbens.

Author

Kim YJ, Choi SJ, Hong SI, Park JC, Lee Y, Ma SX, Hur KH, Lee Y, Kim KM, Kim HK, Kim HY, Lee SY, Choi SY, and Jang CG

Subjects
Animals, Mice, Male, Drug-Seeking Behavior drug effects, Drug-Seeking Behavior physiology, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Neurons metabolism, Neurons drug effects, Receptors, Dopamine D1 metabolism, Cocaine-Related Disorders metabolism, Mice, Knockout, Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors pharmacology, Nucleus Accumbens metabolism, Nucleus Accumbens drug effects, TRPA1 Cation Channel metabolism, Cocaine pharmacology, Reward, Dopamine metabolism
Abstract

Drug addiction therapies commonly fail because continued drug use promotes the release of excessive and pleasurable dopamine levels. Because the connection between pleasure and drug use becomes hard-wired in the nucleus accumbens (NAc), which interfaces motivation, effective therapies need to modulate this mesolimbic reward system. Here, we report that mice with knockdown of the cation channel TRPA1 (transient receptor potential ankyrin 1) were resistant to the drug-seeking behavior and reward effects of cocaine compared to their wildtype litter mates. In our study, we demonstrate that TRPA1 inhibition in the NAc reduces cocaine activity and dopamine release, and conversely, that TRPA1 is critical for cocaine-induced synaptic strength in dopamine receptor 1-expressing medium spiny neurons. Taken together, our data support that cocaine-induced reward-related behavior and synaptic release of dopamine in the NAc are controlled by TRPA1 and suggest that TRPA1 has therapeutic potential as a target for drug misuse therapies., (© 2024. The Author(s).)

Published
2024
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41. A Translational Study of the ATR Inhibitor Berzosertib as Monotherapy in Four Molecularly Defined Cohorts of Advanced Solid Tumors.

Author

Cote GM, Kochupurakkal BS, Do K, Bullock A, Cheng ML, Muzikansky A, McLoughlin DE, Cleary JM, Gao X, Parikh A, Park JC, Weekes CD, Yeku O, Zou L, and Shapiro GI

Abstract

Background: Preclinical studies have identified molecular correlates of sensitivity to ATR inhibition. This translational study was designed to test the ATR inhibitor berzosertib in patients with advanced solid tumors carrying alterations in ATRX, ATM, genes conferring replication stress (RS), or SDH., Methods: Patients were recruited to 4 cohorts: T1: ATRX-mutant leiomyosarcoma; T2: ATM-mutant solid tumors; T3: solid tumors with mutations in RS-associated genes; and T4: SDH-deficient GIST. Patients were treated with berzosertib 240 mg/m2 IV twice per week. Pre and on-treatment biopsies were obtained in cohorts T1-T3., Results: Patients with SDH-mutant GIST had the longest median progression-free survival (PFS) (229 days) with stable disease as the best response. Patients in the other cohorts experienced progressive disease within 4 months. There was no significant difference in PFS comparing outcomes in patients with/without mutations in ATM or RS genes. Decreased pS345-CHK1 in on-treatment biopsies indicated target engagement by berzosertib and were accompanied by substantial increases in levels of DNA damage (g-H2AX) and RS (pKAP1) markers in a subset of patients. However, these biomarker changes did not translate to clinical benefit. In contrast, in cohorts T1-T3, increased expression of SFLN11 on treatment correlated with clinical benefit (HR = 0.045; 95%CI 0.005-0.400)., Conclusions: Across cohorts, only SDH-mutant GIST patients experienced prolonged disease control. Despite evidence of target engagement, patients enrolled to all other cohorts had short PFS, suggesting rapid adaptation to ATR inhibitor monotherapy. Among these patients, those with tumors expressing SLFN11 during berzosertib exposure derived the most clinical benefit.

Published
2024
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42. Long-term outcome followed for more than 5 years after revascularization surgery for the treatment of atherosclerotic steno-occlusive disease: poor outcome prediction using machine learning and analysis of the results.

Author

Choi JH, Kim M, Park JC, Ahn JS, Kwun BD, and Park W

Subjects
Humans, Male, Female, Middle Aged, Aged, Treatment Outcome, Retrospective Studies, Adult, Follow-Up Studies, Intracranial Arteriosclerosis surgery, Stroke surgery, Postoperative Complications epidemiology, Machine Learning, Cerebral Revascularization methods
Abstract

Cerebral revascularization for the treatment of atherosclerotic steno-occlusive disease (ASOD) was found to have no benefit compared with medical treatment. However, there is also criticism that with sufficiently long-term follow-up, a crossover might emerge demonstrating the advantages of surgery. Therefore, we examined the long-term outcome of cerebral revascularization performed on patients with carefully selected ASOD at our center. Patients undergoing bypass surgery for non-moyamoya ischemic disease were retrospectively identified. The inclusion criteria were symptomatic ASOD with hemodynamic insufficiency, follow-up of more than 5 years, and stroke or surgical complications during follow-up. The clinical course and radiological findings were investigated. Poor outcomes were predicted using machine learning (ML) models, and Shapley additive explanation (SHAP) values and feature importance of each model were analyzed. A total of 109 patients were included from 2007 to 2018. The 30-day risk of any stroke or death was 6.4% (7/109). The risk of ipsilateral ischemic stroke during median follow-up of 116 months was 7.3% (8/109). The SHAP values showed that previously and empirically known stroke risk factors exert a relatively consistent effect on the prediction of models. The number of lesions with stenosis > 50% (odds ratio [OR] 5.77), age (OR 1.13), and coronary artery disease (OR 5.73) were consistent risk factors for poor outcome. We demonstrated an acceptable long-term outcome of cerebral revascularization surgery for patients with hemodynamically insufficient and symptomatic ASOD. Multicenter studies are encouraged to predict poor outcomes and suitable patients with large numbers of quantitative and qualitative data., (© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.)

Published
2024
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43. Prospects for Light Dark Matter Searches at Large-Volume Neutrino Detectors.

Author

Dutta B, Huang WC, Kim D, Newstead JL, Park JC, and Ali IS

Abstract

We propose a new approach to search for light dark matter (DM), with keV-GeV mass, via inelastic nucleus scattering at large-volume neutrino detectors such as Borexino, DUNE, Super-K, Hyper-K, and JUNO. The approach uses inelastic nuclear scattering of cosmic-ray boosted DM, enabling a low-background search for DM in these experiments. Large neutrino detectors, with higher thresholds than dark matter detectors, can be used, since the nuclear deexcitation lines are O(10)  MeV. Using a hadrophilic dark-gauge-boson-portal model as a benchmark, we show that the nuclear inelastic channels generally provide better sensitivity than the elastic scattering for a large region of light DM parameter space.

Published
2024
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44. Hippocampal tau-induced GRIN3A deficiency in Alzheimer's disease.

Author

Lee SE, Park S, Kang R, Lee T, Yu WJ, Chang S, and Park JC

Abstract

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by significant alterations in hippocampal function and structure, but the molecular mechanisms underlying the hippocampal region remain elusive. We integrated multiple transcriptome datasets including human or rat hippocampus (GSE173955, GSE129051, GSE84422) to identify candidate genes. Subsequent analyses including gene ontology analysis and protein-protein interaction mapping were performed to identify key genes and pathways. We found that glutamate ionotropic receptor NMDA-type subunit 3A (GRIN3A) and glutamate metabotropic receptor 8 (GRM8), which are related to the glutamatergic system, were the top two annotated genes and directly related to MAPT, which encodes a tau protein. Since there is no direct evidence of interaction between tauopathy and these genes in AD, further transcriptomic data (GSE125957, GSE56772) from tau transgenic mice and experimental validations through primary rat hippocampal neurons and induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived brain organoids were performed. Interestingly, we identified that decreased NR3A (encoded by GRIN3A) and mGluR8 (encoded by GRM8) are correlated with tauopathy and loss of postsynaptic function in AD. Taken together, our results identified a novel tauopathy biomarker GRIN3A in AD. Furthermore, our findings suggest that an integrated approach combining public databases and diverse experimental validations can contribute to the advancement of precision medicine therapies., (© 2024 The Author(s). FEBS Open Bio published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Federation of European Biochemical Societies.)

Published
2024
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45. Evaluating the efficacy of a novel hemostatic powder compared with traditional treatments in nonvariceal upper GI bleeding: a multicenter, randomized, noninferiority study.

Author

Jung DH, Park JC, Kim JS, Lee MW, Lee H, and Kim GH

Abstract

Background and Aims: Hemostatic powders have been rapidly developed and used to treat GI bleeding. We aimed to investigate the noninferiority of the newly developed hemostatic powder (CEGP-003; CGBio, Seongnam, South Korea) compared with conventional endoscopic treatments for nonvariceal upper GI bleeding (NVUGIB)., Methods: This prospective, multicenter, randomized, open-label, controlled trial was conducted at 4 referral institutions. We enrolled consecutive patients who underwent emergency endoscopy for NVUGIB. The patients were randomly assigned to either the CEGP-003 group or the conventional treatment group. In the CEGP-003 group, the hemostatic powder was applied as a spray. Conventional endoscopic treatments included electrical coagulation and use of hemostatic clips., Results: Between November 2019 and June 2022, 218 patients were enrolled (CEGP-003 group, 108; conventional group, 110). Initial hemostasis was achieved in 104 of 108 patients (96.3%) in the CEGP-003 group and 101 of 110 patients (91.8%) in the conventional treatment group. The CEGP-003 group exhibited a significantly higher recurrent bleeding rate than the conventional treatment group. Multivariate analysis showed that age, duodenum and middle one-third of the stomach, and CEGP-003 use as the initial hemostatic treatment were independent risk factors for recurrent bleeding. No adverse events were associated with CEGP-003., Conclusions: CEGP-003 demonstrates promise as an initial endoscopic therapy for NVUGIB. However, close monitoring is warranted because of the risk of recurrent bleeding. (Clinical trial registration number: KCT0004655.)., Competing Interests: Disclosure All authors disclosed no financial relationships. Research support for this study was provided by a grant from the Korea Health Technology R&D Project through the Korea Health Industry Development Institute, funded by the Ministry of Health & Welfare, Republic of Korea (grant no. HI19C0534)., (Copyright © 2024 American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Published
2024
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46. Association of Tryptophan/Kynurenine Metabolites with Healing in Chronic Venous Leg Ulcers.

Author

Kim J, Stechmiller J, Weaver MT, Lyon D, Garrett TJ, Yi F, Park JC, De Carvalho MR, and Kelly DL

Subjects
Humans, Female, Male, Aged, Chronic Disease, Longitudinal Studies, Middle Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Biomarkers blood, Bayes Theorem, Chromatography, Liquid methods, Debridement methods, Kynurenine metabolism, Kynurenine blood, Tryptophan metabolism, Tryptophan blood, Wound Healing physiology, Varicose Ulcer metabolism, Metabolomics methods
Abstract

Objective: Chronic wound healing is a complex process that is still not well understood. The tryptophan (TRP)-l-kynurenine (KYN) pathway has recently been under increased scrutiny with regard to wound healing. The study applied metabolomics to elucidate the TRP-l-KYN pathway associated with wound healing in chronic venous leg ulcers (CVLUs). Approach: This study used a longitudinal comparative design of 60 serum samples collected from 30 older adult patients with CVLUs, receiving weekly sharp debridement at a wound clinic. The serum samples were collected at baseline and week 4 (healed wounds) or week 8 (nonhealed wounds). Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) metabolomics was used to analyze targeted metabolites. A Bayesian approach was used to examine robust correlations between changes in metabolite values and linear healing slope and to compare by group. Results: The mean age was 71.13 (±9.46 years). Half of the sample were female and the minority (17%) were Black. The mean values of evaluated metabolites for the nonhealed group were consistently lower than those for the healed group. The healed group ( n = 12) had higher KYN values. Those on a healing trajectory ( n = 23) had lower KYN levels and higher TRP levels at baseline and over time. There was moderate support (Bayes factor = 3.70) for a negative association between change in kynurenic acid and linear healing slope ( r = -0.35, credibility intervals [CrI] = -0.62, -0.04; probability of direction [PD] = 98%). Results suggest that KYN and TRP may be markers for healing in individuals with CVLUs. Innovation and Conclusion: Gaining a better understanding of the associations between the TRP-l-KYN pathway and the healing of CVLUs may help to clarify the links of inflammation with the rate and success of wound healing. Biomarker development focused on the TRP-l-KYN pathway could be pursued, if the associations are further supported by focused research studies.

Published
2024
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47. Live-Cell Imaging of MicroRNA Expression via Photoinduced Electron Transfer Controlled by Catalytic Hairpin Assembly.

Author

Na H, Koo BI, Park JC, Lim J, Kim Y, Chung HJ, and Nam YS

Subjects
Humans, Electron Transport, Fluorescent Dyes chemistry, Catalysis, HeLa Cells, MicroRNAs genetics, MicroRNAs metabolism
Abstract

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) serve as emerging biomarkers for a range of diseases, and their quantitative analysis draws increasing attention. Yet, current invasive methods limit continuous tracking within living cells. To overcome this, a nonenzymatic DNA-based nanoprobe is developed for dynamic, noninvasive miRNA tracking via live-cell imaging. This probe features a unique hairpin DNA structure with five guanines that act as internal quenchers, suppressing fluorescence from an attached fluorophore via photoinduced electron transfer. Target miRNA initiates toehold-mediated strand displacement, restoring, and amplifying the fluorescence signal. Additionally, by introducing a single mismatch to the hairpin DNA, the nanoprobe's sensitivity is significantly enhanced, lowering the detection limit to about 60 pM without compromising specificity. To optimize intracellular delivery for prolonged monitoring, the nanoprobe is encapsulated within multilamellar lipid nanovesicles, fluorescently labeled for dual-wavelength ratiometric analysis. The proposed nanoprobe demonstrates a significant advance in live-cell miRNA detection, promising enhanced in situ analysis for a better understanding of miRNAs' pathophysiological function., (© 2024 The Author(s). Advanced Healthcare Materials published by Wiley‐VCH GmbH.)

Published
2024
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48. Thiazide Discontinuation in Chronic Kidney Disease Hypertension Management: A Retrospective Chart Review.

Author

Vea KD, Nguyen LA, McGill K, Park JC, and Selevan D

Subjects
Humans, Retrospective Studies, Male, Female, Middle Aged, Aged, Antihypertensive Agents therapeutic use, Antihypertensive Agents administration & dosage, California, Sodium Chloride Symporter Inhibitors therapeutic use, Blood Pressure drug effects, Renal Insufficiency, Chronic drug therapy, Renal Insufficiency, Chronic complications, Hypertension drug therapy, Glomerular Filtration Rate, Thiazides therapeutic use, Thiazides administration & dosage
Abstract

Introduction: Thiazides are utilized in general hypertension management, however, their role in chronic kidney disease (CKD) hypertension management remains unclear. Although data support thiazide efficacy in advanced CKD, the adverse effect profile (including estimated glomerular filtration rate [eGFR] decline and electrolyte abnormalities) may lead to thiazide discontinuation. The authors assessed the thiazide discontinuation rate in Kaiser Permanente Southern California members with moderate-to-severe CKD and hypertension., Methods: This study was a multicenter retrospective analysis evaluating Kaiser Permanente Southern California members with hypertension and CKD 3B or 4 who filled a thiazide prescription in 2021, with follow-up through 2022. The outcomes were thiazide discontinuation rate, reason for thiazide discontinuation, time to thiazide discontinuation, and discontinuing practitioner specialty. Mean changes in blood pressure and eGFR from baseline were also evaluated., Results: Of the 401 patients followed for 1 year after thiazide initiation, 65 patients discontinued a thiazide (discontinuation rate: 16.2%, mean time to discontinuation: 7.5 months). Of the 201 patients followed for 2 years after thiazide initiation, 57 patients discontinued a thiazide (discontinuation rate: 28.4%, mean time to discontinuation: 15.5 months). The most commonly documented thiazide discontinuation reason was increased serum creatinine (30% of total reasons at 1 year and 39% of total reasons at 2 years)., Conclusion: Most patients with hypertension and CKD 3B or 4 continued on a thiazide with favorable blood pressure lowering effects and modest eGFR decline. Thiazides may be considered viable antihypertensive options with close renal function monitoring for patients with moderate-to-severe CKD., Competing Interests: Conflicts of Interest None declared

Published
2024
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49. The InterVision Framework: An Enhanced Fine-Tuning Deep Learning Strategy for Auto-Segmentation in Head and Neck.

Author

Choi B, Beltran CJ, Yoo SK, Kwon NH, Kim JS, and Park JC

Abstract

Adaptive radiotherapy (ART) workflows are increasingly adopted to achieve dose escalation and tissue sparing under dynamic anatomical conditions. However, recontouring and time constraints hinder the implementation of real-time ART workflows. Various auto-segmentation methods, including deformable image registration, atlas-based segmentation, and deep learning-based segmentation (DLS), have been developed to address these challenges. Despite the potential of DLS methods, clinical implementation remains difficult due to the need for large, high-quality datasets to ensure model generalizability. This study introduces an InterVision framework for segmentation. The InterVision framework can interpolate or create intermediate visuals between existing images to generate specific patient characteristics. The InterVision model is trained in two steps: (1) generating a general model using the dataset, and (2) tuning the general model using the dataset generated from the InterVision framework. The InterVision framework generates intermediate images between existing patient image slides using deformable vectors, effectively capturing unique patient characteristics. By creating a more comprehensive dataset that reflects these individual characteristics, the InterVision model demonstrates the ability to produce more accurate contours compared to general models. Models are evaluated using the volumetric dice similarity coefficient (VDSC) and the Hausdorff distance 95% (HD95%) for 18 structures in 20 test patients. As a result, the Dice score was 0.81 ± 0.05 for the general model, 0.82 ± 0.04 for the general fine-tuning model, and 0.85 ± 0.03 for the InterVision model. The Hausdorff distance was 3.06 ± 1.13 for the general model, 2.81 ± 0.77 for the general fine-tuning model, and 2.52 ± 0.50 for the InterVision model. The InterVision model showed the best performance compared to the general model. The InterVision framework presents a versatile approach adaptable to various tasks where prior information is accessible, such as in ART settings. This capability is particularly valuable for accurately predicting complex organs and targets that pose challenges for traditional deep learning algorithms.

Published
2024
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50. Gut Microbiota Defines Functional Direction of Colonic Regulatory T Cells with Unique TCR Repertoires.

Author

Byun S, Lee J, Choi YH, Ko H, Lee C, Park JC, Kim SW, Lee H, Sharma A, Kim KS, Rudra D, Kim JK, and Im SH

Subjects
Animals, Mice, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Dextran Sulfate, Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms, Interleukin-10 immunology, Gastrointestinal Microbiome immunology, T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory immunology, Colon immunology, Colon microbiology, Colitis immunology, Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell immunology
Abstract

Intestinal microbiota and selected strains of commensal bacteria influence regulatory T (Treg) cell functionality in the colon. Nevertheless, whether and how microbiota changes the transcriptome profile and TCR specificities of colonic Tregs remain to be precisely defined. In this study, we have employed single-cell RNA sequencing and comparatively analyzed colonic Tregs from specific pathogen-free and germ-free (GF) mice. We found that microbiota shifts the activation trajectory of colonic Tregs toward a distinct phenotypic subset enriched in specific pathogen-free but not in GF mice. Moreover, microbiota induced the expansion of specific Treg clonotypes with shared transcriptional specificities. The microbiota-induced subset of colonic Tregs, identified as PD-1- CXCR3+ Tregs, displayed enhanced suppressive capabilities compared with colonic Tregs derived from GF mice, enhanced production of IL-10, and were the primary regulators of enteric inflammation in dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis. These findings identify a hitherto unknown gut microbiota and immune cell interaction module that could contribute to the development of a therapeutic modality for intestinal inflammatory diseases., (Copyright © 2024 by The American Association of Immunologists, Inc.)

Published
2024
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