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Doori Kim,1 Eun-San Kim,1 Yoon Jae Lee,1 Jee Young Lee,2 Kyong Sun Park,3 So Young Jung,4 Changsop Yang,5 Chang-Hyun Han,6,7 In-Hyuk Ha1 1Jaseng Spine and Joint Research Institute, Jaseng Medical Foundation, Seoul, 06110, Republic of Korea; 2Department of Korean Internal Medicine, Integrative Cancer Center, Cha Ilsan Medical Center, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea; 3Jaseng Hospital of Korean Medicine, Seoul, 06110, Republic of Korea; 4Clinical Research Coordinating Team, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, 34054, Republic of Korea; 5Clinical Medicine Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea; 6Korean Convergence Medical Science, University of Science & Technology (UST), School of Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, 34054, Republic of Korea; 7KM Science Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, 34054, Republic of KoreaCorrespondence: In-Hyuk Ha, Jaseng Spine and Joint Research Institute, Jaseng Medical Foundation, 540 Gangnam-daero, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06110, Republic of Korea, Tel +82-2-2222-2740, Fax +82-2-2222-2737, Email hanihata@gmail.com Chang-Hyun Han, KM Science Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 1672 Yuseong-daero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34054, Republic of Korea, Tel +82-(0)42-868-9498, Fax +82-(0)42-869-2775, Email chhan@kiom.re.krPurpose: We aimed to compare the efficacy, safety, and cost-effectiveness of non-pharmacological- and pharmacological treatment strategies for Lumbar disc herniation (LDH) in pragmatic clinical settings.Patients and Methods: This study was a pilot, two-armed, parallel pragmatic randomized controlled trial. Thirty patients aged 19– 70 years with a numeric rating scale (NRS) score ≥ 5 for sciatica and confirmed LDH on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were included. Participants were assigned in a 1:1 ratio to non-pharmacological (non-Phm) or pharmacological (Phm) treatment group. They were treated for 8 weeks and a tot