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1. Assessing Modality Bias in Video Question Answering Benchmarks with Multimodal Large Language Models

Author

Park, Jean, Jang, Kuk Jin, Alasaly, Basam, Mopidevi, Sriharsha, Zolensky, Andrew, Eaton, Eric, Lee, Insup, and Johnson, Kevin

Subjects
Computer Science - Machine Learning, Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence, Computer Science - Computation and Language
Abstract

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) can simultaneously process visual, textual, and auditory data, capturing insights that complement human analysis. However, existing video question-answering (VidQA) benchmarks and datasets often exhibit a bias toward a single modality, despite the goal of requiring advanced reasoning skills that integrate diverse modalities to answer the queries. In this work, we introduce the modality importance score (MIS) to identify such bias. It is designed to assess which modality embeds the necessary information to answer the question. Additionally, we propose an innovative method using state-of-the-art MLLMs to estimate the modality importance, which can serve as a proxy for human judgments of modality perception. With this MIS, we demonstrate the presence of unimodal bias and the scarcity of genuinely multimodal questions in existing datasets. We further validate the modality importance score with multiple ablation studies to evaluate the performance of MLLMs on permuted feature sets. Our results indicate that current models do not effectively integrate information due to modality imbalance in existing datasets. Our proposed MLLM-derived MIS can guide the curation of modality-balanced datasets that advance multimodal learning and enhance MLLMs' capabilities to understand and utilize synergistic relations across modalities.

Published
2024

2. Automating Weak Label Generation for Data Programming with Clinicians in the Loop

Author

Park, Jean, Pugh, Sydney, Sridhar, Kaustubh, Liu, Mengyu, Yarna, Navish, Kaur, Ramneet, Dutta, Souradeep, Bernardis, Elena, Sokolsky, Oleg, and Lee, Insup

Subjects
Computer Science - Machine Learning
Abstract

Large Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) are often data hungry and need high-quality labeled data in copious amounts for learning to converge. This is a challenge in the field of medicine since high quality labeled data is often scarce. Data programming has been the ray of hope in this regard, since it allows us to label unlabeled data using multiple weak labeling functions. Such functions are often supplied by a domain expert. Data-programming can combine multiple weak labeling functions and suggest labels better than simple majority voting over the different functions. However, it is not straightforward to express such weak labeling functions, especially in high-dimensional settings such as images and time-series data. What we propose in this paper is a way to bypass this issue, using distance functions. In high-dimensional spaces, it is easier to find meaningful distance metrics which can generalize across different labeling tasks. We propose an algorithm that queries an expert for labels of a few representative samples of the dataset. These samples are carefully chosen by the algorithm to capture the distribution of the dataset. The labels assigned by the expert on the representative subset induce a labeling on the full dataset, thereby generating weak labels to be used in the data programming pipeline. In our medical time series case study, labeling a subset of 50 to 130 out of 3,265 samples showed 17-28% improvement in accuracy and 13-28% improvement in F1 over the baseline using clinician-defined labeling functions. In our medical image case study, labeling a subset of about 50 to 120 images from 6,293 unlabeled medical images using our approach showed significant improvement over the baseline method, Snuba, with an increase of approximately 5-15% in accuracy and 12-19% in F1 score.

Published
2024

3. Crowd-sourced machine learning prediction of long COVID using data from the National COVID Cohort Collaborative

Author

Aggarwal, Ataes, Agor, Joseph, Al-Amery, Amera, Aminu, Oluwatobiloba, Anand, Adit, Antonescu, Corneliu, Arora, Mehak, Asaduzzaman, Sayed, Asmussen, Tanner, Baghbanzadeh, Mahdi, Baker, Frazier, Bangert, Bridget, Bekhet, Laila, Bhattacharya, Biplab, Blase, Jenny, Butzin-Dozier, Zachary, Caffo, Brian, Chang, Hao, Chen, Zeyuan, Chen, Jiandong, Chiang, Jeffrey, Cho, Peter, Cockrell, Robert, Combs, Parker, Coyle, Jeremy, Crosby, Ciara, Dai, Zongyu, Dai, Ran, Danesharasteh, Anseh, Yildirim, Elif, Delong, Grant, Demilt, Ryan, Deng, Kaiwen, Dey, Sanjoy, Dhamdhere, Rohan, Dickson, Andrew, Dijour, Phoebe, Dinh, Dong, Dixon, Richard, Domi, Albi, Dutta, Souradeep, Elizondo, Mirna, Ertem, Zeynep, Feuerwerker, Solomon, Fliss, Danica, Fowler, Jennifer, Fu, Sunyang, Gardner, Kelly, Getty, Neil, Ghalwash, Mohamed, Gloster, Logan, Greer, Phil, Guan, Yuanfang, Ham, Colby, Hanoudi, Samer, Harper, Jeremy, Hendrix, Nathaniel, Hershkovich, Leeor, Hightower, Jake, Hu, Junjie, Huang, Jiani, Huang, Yu, Huang, Tongtong, Hur, Junguk, Isgut, Monica, Ismail, Hamid, Izmirlian, Grant, Jang, Kuk, Jemiyo, Christianah, Jeong, Hayoung, Ji, Yunwen, Ji, Xiayan, Jiang, Ming, Jiang, Sihang, Jiang, Xiaoqian, Jiang, Yuye, Johnson, Akin, Analyst, Zach, Kapse, Saarthak, Kartoun, Uri, KC, Dukka, Fard, Zahra, Kosfeld, Tim, Krichevsky, Spencer, Kuo, Mike, Larie, Dale, Lederer, Lauren, Leng, Shan, Li, Ziyang, Li, Hongyang, Li, Haodong, Li, Jianfu, Li, Tiantian, Liang, Xinwen, Liang, Hengyue, Liu, Feifan, Liu, Daniel, Luo, Gang, Munia, Tamanna, Madduri, Ravi, Madhira, Vithal, Mani, Shivali, Mansourifard, Farzaneh, Matson, Robert, Mertens, Andrew, Metsis, Vangelis, Meyer, Pablo, Mikhailova, Catherine, Miller, Dante, Milo, Christopher, Mitchell, Elliot, Modanwal, Gourav, Moore, Ronald, Morgenthaler, David, Musal, Rasim, Naik, Mayur, Nalawade, Vinit, Narain, Rohan, Narendrula, Saideep, Obiri, Alena, Okawa, Satoshi, Okechukwu, Chima, Olorunnisola, Toluwanimi, Ossowski, Tim, Parekh, Harsh, Park, Jean, Patel, Saaya, Patterson, Jason, Paul, Chetan, Peng, Le, Perkins, Diana, Pokharel, Suresh, Poplavskiy, Dmytro, Pryor, Zach, Pungitore, Sarah, Qin, Hong, Rababa, Salahaldeen, Rahman, Mahbubur, Rahmani, Elior, Rahnavard, Gholamali, Raihan, Md, Rajendran, Suraj, Ravichandran, Sarangan, Reddy, Chandan, Reyes, Abel, Roghanizad, Ali, Rouffa, Sean, Ruan, Xiaoyang, Saha, Arpita, Sawant, Sahil, Schiaffino, Melody, Seira, Diego, Sengupta, Saurav, Shalaev, Ruslan, Shetty, Gaurav, Shi, Seraphina, Shinguyen, Linh, Singh, Karnika, Sinha, Soumya, Socia, Damien, Stalians, Halen, Stavropoulos, Charalambos, Strube, Jan, Subramanian, Devika, Sun, Jiehuan, Sun, Ju, Sun, Chengkun, Sundararajan, Prathic, Talebi, Salmonn, Tawiah, Edward, Tesic, Jelena, Thiess, Mikaela, Tian, Raymond, Torre-Healy; Ming-Tse Tsai, Luke, Tyus, David, Vardhan, Madhurima, Velingker, Neelay, Walzer, Benjamin, Walzer, Jacob, Wang, Junda, Wang, Lu, Wang, Will, Wang, Jonathan, Wang, Yisen, Weatherly, Chad, Wu, Fanyou, Wu, Yifeng, Wu, Yinjun, Xia, Fangfang, Yan, Hao, Yang, Zhichao, Ye, Biao, Yin, Rui, Yin, Changyu, Yoo, Yun, You, Albert, Yu, June, Zanaj, Martin, Zaiman, Zachary, Zhang, Kai, Zhang, Xiaoyi, Zhang, Tianmai, Zhao, Zixuan, Zhi, Degui, Zhong, Yishan, Zhou, Huixue, Zhou, Andrea, Zhu, Yuanda, Zhu, Yitan, Zhu, Sophie, Adams, Meredith, Alexander, Caleb, Amor, Benjamin, Anzalone, Alfred, Bates, Benjamin, Beasley, Will, Bennett, Tellen, Bissell, Mark, Boudreau, Eilis, Bozzette, Samuel, Bradwell, Katie, Bramante, Carolyn, Brown, Don, Burgoon, Penny, Buse, John, Callahan, Tiffany, Cato, Kenrick, Chapman, Scott, Chute, Christopher, Clark, Jaylyn, Clark, Marshall, Cooper, Will, Cottrell, Lesley, Crowley, Karen, Deacy, Mariam, Dillon, Christopher, Eichmann, David, Emmett, Mary, Erwin-Cohen, Rebecca, Francis, Patricia, French, Evan, Fuentes, Rafael, Gabriel, Davera, Gagnier, Joel, Garbarini, Nicole, Ge, Jin, Gersing, Kenneth, Girvin, Andrew, Gordon, Valery, Graves, Alexis, Guinney, Justin, Haendel, Melissa, Hayanga, J.W., Hendricks, Brian, Hernandez, Wenndy, Hill, Elaine, Hillegass, William, Hong, Stephanie, Housman, Dan, Hurley, Robert, Islam, Jessica, Jawa, Randeep, Johnson, Steve, Kamaleswaran, Rishi, Kibbe, Warren, Koraishy, Farrukh, Kostka, Kristin, Kurilla, Michael, Lee, Adam, Lehmann, Harold, Liu, Hongfang, Loomba, Johanna, Madlock-Brown; Sandeep Mallipattu, Charisse, Manna, Amin, Mariona, Federico, Marti, Emily, Martin, Greg, Mathew, Jomol, Mazzotti, Diego, McMurry, Julie, Mehta, Hemalkumar, Michael, Sam, Miller, Robert, Misquitta, Leonie, Moffitt, Richard, Morris, Michele, Murray, Kimberly, Northington, Lavance, O’Neil, Shawn, Olex, Amy, Palchuk, Matvey, Patel, Brijesh, Patel, Rena, Payne, Philip, Pfaff, Emily, Pincavitch, Jami, Portilla, Lili, Prior, Fred, Pyarajan, Saiju, Pyles, Lee, Qureshi, Nabeel, Robinson, Peter, Rutter, Joni, Sadan, Ofer, Safdar, Nasia, Saha, Amit, Saltz, Joel, Saltz, Mary, Schmitt, Clare, Setoguchi, Soko, Sharafeldin, Noha, Sharathkumar, Anjali, Sheikh, Usman, Sidky, Hythem, Sokos, George, Southerland, Andrew, Spratt, Heidi, Starren, Justin, Subbian, Vignesh, Suver, Christine, Takemoto, Cliff, Temple-O'Connor, Meredith, Topaloglu, Umit, Vedula, Satyanarayana, Walden, Anita, Walters, Kellie, Ward-Caviness, Cavin, Wilcox, Adam, Wilkins, Ken, Williams, Andrew, Wu, Chunlei, Zampino, Elizabeth, Zhang, Xiaohan, Zhu, Richard, Bergquist, Timothy, Tariq, Adbul, Philips, Rachael V., Pirracchio, Romain, van der Laan, Mark, Colford, John M., Jr., Hubbard, Alan, Gao, Jifan, Chen, Guanhua, Stein, Adam, Long, Qi, Holmes, John, Mowery, Danielle, Wong, Eric, Parekh, Ravi, Getzen, Emily, and Blase, Jennifer

Published
2024
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4. Islet Autoimmunity is Highly Prevalent and Associated With Diminished β-Cell Function in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes in the Grade Study.

Author

Brooks-Worrell, Barbara, Hampe, Christiane S, Hattery, Erica G, Palomino, Brenda, Zangeneh, Sahar Z, Utzschneider, Kristina, Kahn, Steven E, Larkin, Mary E, Johnson, Mary L, Mather, Kieren J, Younes, Naji, Rasouli, Neda, Desouza, Cyrus, Cohen, Robert M, Park, Jean Y, Florez, Hermes J, Valencia, Willy Marcos, Shojaie, Ali, Palmer, Jerry P, Balasubramanyam, Ashok, Crandall, Jill P, McKee, Melissa Diane, Brown-Friday, Janet, Xhori, Entila, Ballentine-Cargill, Keisha, Duran, Sally, Lukin, Jennifer, Beringher, Stephanie, Gonzalez de la Torre, Susana, Phillips, Lawrence, Burgess, Elizabeth, Olson, Darin, Rhee, Mary, Wilson, Peter, Raines, Tasha Stephanie, Costello, Julie, Gullett, Chona, Maher-Albertelli, Maxine, Morehead, Folayan, Mungara, Radhika, Person, Saranjit, Savoye, Louise, Sibymon, Mabil, Tanukonda, Sridhar, White, Carol Ann, Holloway, Leah, Adams, Cynthia, Ross, April, Gonzalez Hattery, Erica, Gaba, Ruchi, Montes, Graciela, Wright, Charlyne, Hollander, Priscilla, Roe, Erin, Uy, Analyn, Burt, Polly, Estrada, Lorie, Chionh, Kris, Ismail-Beigi, Faramarz, Falck-Ytter, Corinna, Sayyed Kassem, Laure, Sood, Ajay, Tiktin, Margaret, Cramer, Bethany, Iacoboni, Jacalyn, Kononets, Maria V, Kulow, Tanya, Newman, Cynthia, Stancil, Katherine A, Sanders, Cristina, Tucker, Lisa, Werner, Amanda, Krol, Adrienne, McPhee, Gloria, Patel, Christine, Colosimo, Linda, Goland, Robin, Pring, James, Kringas, Patricia, Tejada, Jessica, Hausheer, Camille, Schneier, Harvey, Gumpel, Kelly, Kirpitch, Amanda, Green, Jennifer B, AbouAssi, Hiba, Chatterjee, Ranee, Feinglos, Mark N, English Jones, Jennifer, Khan, Shubi A, Kimpel, Jeanne B, Zimmer, Ronna P, Furst, Mary, Satterwhite, Barbara M, Thacker, Connie, Evans Kreider, Kathryn, Lteif, Amale, and Hamilton, Tonya

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Immunology, Autoimmune Disease, Clinical Research, Diabetes, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Aetiology, Metabolic and endocrine, GRADE Beta-cell Ancillary Study Network, Medical and Health Sciences, Endocrinology & Metabolism, Biomedical and clinical sciences
Abstract

Islet autoimmunity may contribute to β-cell dysfunction in type 2 diabetes (T2D). Its prevalence and clinical significance have not been rigorously determined. In this ancillary study to the Glycemia Reduction Approaches in Diabetes-A Comparative Effectiveness (GRADE) Study, we investigated the prevalence of cellular and humoral islet autoimmunity in patients with T2D duration 4·0±3·0 y, HbA1c 7·5±0·5% on metformin alone. We measured T cell autoreactivity against islet proteins, islet autoantibodies against GAD65, IA2, ZnT8, and β-cell function. Cellular islet autoimmunity was present in 41·3%, humoral islet autoimmunity in 13·5%, and both in 5·3%. β-cell function calculated as iAUC-CG and ΔC-peptide(0- 30)/Δglucose(0-30) from an oral glucose tolerance test was lower among T cell-positives (T+) than T cell-negatives (T-) using two different adjustments for insulin sensitivity (iAUC-CG: 13·2% [95% CI 0·3, 24·4%] or 11·4% [95% CI 0·4, 21·2%] lower; ΔC-peptide(0-30)/Δglucose(0-30)) 19% [95% CI 3·1, 32·3%] or 17·7% [95% CI 2·6, 30·5%] lower). T+ patients had 17% higher HbA1c (95% CI 0·07, 0·28) and 7·7 mg/dL higher fasting plasma glucose levels (95% CI 0·2,15·3) than T- patients. We conclude that islet autoimmunity is much more prevalent in T2D patients than previously reported. T cell-mediated autoimmunity is associated with diminished β-cell function and worse glycemic control.

Published
2022

5. Dual endothelin antagonist aprocitentan for resistant hypertension (PRECISION): a multicentre, blinded, randomised, parallel-group, phase 3 trial

Author

Reid, Christopher, Schlaich, Markus, Katz, Ivor, Ajani, Andrew, Biswas, Sinjini, Esler, Murray, Elder, Grahame, Roger, Simon, Colquhoun, David, Mooney, John, De Backer, Tine, Persu, Alexandre, Chaumont, Martin, Krzesinski, Jean-Marie, Vanassche, Thomas, Girard, Ginette, Pliamm, Lew, Schiffrin, Ernesto, Merali, Fatima, Dresser, George, Vallee, Michel, Jolly, Shivinder, Chow, Stephen, Wang, Jiguang, Mu, Jianjun, Yu, Jing, Yuan, Hong, Feng, Yingqing, Zhang, Xin, Xie, Jianhong, Lin, Ling, Soucek, Miroslav, Widimsky, Jiri, Cifkova, Renata, Vaclavik, Jan, Ullrych, Martin, Lukac, Martin, Rychlik, Ivan, Guldager Lauridsen, Thomas, Kantola, Ilkka, Taurio, Jyrki, Ukkola, Olavi, Ormezzano, Olivier, Gosse, Philippe, Azizi, Michel, Courand, Pierre-Yves, Delsart, Pascal, Tartiere, Jean Michel, Mahfoud, Felix, Schmieder, Roland, Stegbauer, Johannes, Lurz, Philipp, Koziolek, Michael, Ott, Christian, Toursarkissian, Nicole, Tsioufis, Konstantinos, Kyfnidis, Konstantinos, Manolis, Athanasios, Patsilinakos, Sotirios, Zebekakis, Pantelis, Karavidas, Apostolos, Denes, Pall, Bezzegh, Katalin, Zsom, Marianna, Kovacs, Laszlo, Sharabi, Yehonatan, Elias, Mazen, Sukholutsky, Ivetta, Yosefy, Chaim, Kenis, Irina, Atar, Shaul, Volpe, Massimo, Maria Lorenza, Muiesan, Taddei, Stefano, Grassi, Guido, Veglio, Franco, Son, Jung Woo, Kim, Jang-Young, Park, Joong-Il, Lee, Chang Hoon, Lee, Hae-Young, Raugaliene, Rasa, Marcinkeviciene, Jolanta Elena, Kavaliauskiene, Roma, Deinum, Jaap, Kroon, Abraham, van den Born, Bert-Jan, Januszewicz, Andrzej, Tykarski, Andrzej, Walczewska, Jolanta, Gaciong, Zbigniew, Wiecek, Andrzej, Chrostowska, Marzena, Kleinrok, Andrzej, Krekora, Jan, Kania, Grzegorz, Podrazka-Szczepaniak, Anna, Golawski, Cezary, Podziewski, Maciej, Kaczmarek, Barbara, Skoczylas, Grzegorz, Wilkolaski, Andrzej, Wozniak, Iwona, Janik-Palazzolo, Marzena, Rewerska, Barbara, Konradi, Aleksandra, Shvarts, Yuriy, Pecherina, Tamara, Nikolaev, Konstantin, Liudmila, Gapon, Orlikova, Olga, Mordovin, Viktor, Petrochenkova, Natalia, Kamalov, Gadel, Kosmacheva, Elena, Tyrenko, Vadim, Gorbunov, Vladimir, Obrezan, Andrey, Supryadkina, Tatiana, Ler, Irina, Kotenko, Oleg, Kuzin, Anatoly, Martínez García, Fernando, Redon, Josep, Oliveras, Anna, Beltran Romero, Luis, Shatylo, Valerii, Rudenko, Leonid, Bazylevych, Andriy, Rudyk, Yurii, Karpenko, Oleksandr, Stanislavchuk, Mykola, Tseluyko, Vira, Kushnir, Mykola, Asanov, Ervin, Sirenko, Yuriy, Yagensky, Andriy, Collier, David, Gupta, Pankaj, Webb, David, MacLeod, Mary, McLay, James, Peace, Aaron, Arora, Samir, Buchanan, Patricia, Harris, Robert, Degarmo, Ronald, Guillen, Mario, Karns, Adam, Neutel, Joel, Paliwal, Yogesh, Pettis, Karlton, Toth, Phillip D., Wayne, Jeffrey M., Butcher, Michael Bain, Diller, Phillip M., Oparil, Suzanne, Calhoun, David, Brautigam, Donald, Flack, John, Goldman, Jesse M., Rashidi, Arash, Aslam, Nabeel, Haley, William, Andrawis, Nabil, Lang, Brian, Miller, Randy, Powell, James, Dewhurst, Robert, Pritchard, James, Khanna, Dinesh, Tang, Dennis, Gabra, Nashwa, Park, Jean, Jones, Conigliaro, Scott, Cranford, Luna, Blanca, Mussaji, Murtaza, Bhagwat, Ravi, Bauer, Michael, McGinty, John, Nambiar, Rajesh, Sangrigoli, Renee, Davis, William Ross, Eaves, William, McGrew, Frank, Awad, Ahmed, Bolster, Eric, Scott, David, Kalirao, Paramjit, Dabel, Pascal, Calhoun, Wesley, Gouge, Steven, Warren, Mark, Lawrence, Mary Katherine, Jamal, Aamir, El-Shahawy, Mohamed, Mercado, Carlos, Kumar, Jayant, Velasquez-Mieyer, Pedro, Busch, Robert, Lewis, Todd, Rich, Lisa, Schlaich, Markus P, Bellet, Marc, Weber, Michael A, Danaietash, Parisa, Bakris, George L, Flack, John M, Dreier, Roland F, Sassi-Sayadi, Mouna, Haskell, Lloyd P, Narkiewicz, Krzysztof, and Wang, Ji-Guang

Published
2022
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6. Differences in complications, cardiovascular risk factor, and diabetes management among participants enrolled at veterans affairs (VA) and non-VA medical centers in the glycemia reduction approaches in diabetes: A comparative effectiveness study (GRADE)

Author

Florez, Hermes J., Ghosh, Alokananda, Pop-Busui, Rodica, Hox, Sophia H., Underkofler, Chantal, McKee, M. Diane, Park, Jean, Rhee, Mary K., Killean, Tina, Krause-Steinrauf, Heidi, Aroda, Vanita R., and Wexler, Deborah J.

Published
2022
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9. GAD65Abs Are Not Associated With Beta-Cell Dysfunction in Patients With T2D in the GRADE Study

Author

Hampe, Christiane S, primary, Shojaie, Ali, additional, Brooks-Worrell, Barbara, additional, Dibay, Sepideh, additional, Utzschneider, Kristina, additional, Kahn, Steven E, additional, Larkin, Mary E, additional, Johnson, Mary L, additional, Younes, Naji, additional, Rasouli, Neda, additional, Desouza, Cyrus, additional, Cohen, Robert M, additional, Park, Jean Y, additional, Florez, Hermes J, additional, Valencia, Willy Marcos, additional, Palmer, Jerry P, additional, and Balasubramanyam, Ashok, additional

Published
2024
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10. Mortality in the Glycemia Reduction Approaches in Diabetes: A Comparative Effectiveness Study (GRADE).

Author

Banerji, Mary Ann, Buse, John B., Younes, Naji, Krause-Steinrauf, Heidi, Ghazi, Adline, Lee, Melissa, Park, Jean, Pop-Busui, Rodica, Underkofler, Chantal, Fortmann, Stephen P., Crandall, J.P., McKee, M.D., Behringer-Massera, S., Brown-Friday, J., Xhori, E., Ballentine-Cargill, K., Duran, S., Estrella, H., Gonzalez de la torre, S., and Lukin, J.

Subjects
COMPARATIVE method, DISEASE risk factors, MORTALITY, CAUSES of death, TYPE 2 diabetes
Abstract

OBJECTIVE: We report mortality outcomes in the Glycemia Reduction Approaches in Diabetes: A Comparative Effectiveness Study (GRADE) among people with type 2 diabetes diagnosed within 10 years and no recent history of cardiovascular events or cancer. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Overall mortality rates and major causes of death were assessed over an average of 5 years of follow-up. Cause of death was adjudicated centrally by a committee masked to treatment assignment. We examined baseline covariates and the 10-year Framingham Risk Score for associations. RESULTS: Mortality rate was low (0.59 per 100 participant-years). Participants who died during follow-up were likely to be older, be male, have a history of hypertension, have a history of smoking, and have moderate albuminuria. The two most common underlying causes of death were "cardiovascular-cause" (a composite of underlying causes) (38.6%) and cancer (26.8%). There were no differences by treatment group. CONCLUSIONS: Among people with diabetes of relatively short duration, cause of death was varied. Attention to health risks beyond cardiovascular diseases is warranted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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13. Effect of intratrial mean 25(OH)D concentration on diabetes risk, by race and weight: an ancillary analysis in the D2d randomized study cohort

Author

Chatterjee, Ranee, primary, Davenport, Clemontina A., additional, Vickery, Ellen M., additional, Johnson, Karen C., additional, Kashyap, Sangeeta R., additional, LeBlanc, Erin S., additional, Nelson, Jason, additional, Dagogo-Jack, Samuel, additional, Pittas, Anastassios G., additional, Hughes, Bess Dawson, additional, Brodsky, Irwin, additional, Ceglia, Lisa, additional, Chadha, Chhavi, additional, Chatterjee, Ranee, additional, Dawson-Hughes, Bess, additional, Desouza, Cyrus, additional, Dolor, Rowena, additional, Foreyt, John, additional, Ghazi, Adline, additional, Hsia, Daniel S., additional, Kim, Sun, additional, Lewis, Michael R., additional, Liao, Emilia, additional, Malozowski, Saul, additional, Neff, Lisa M., additional, O’Neil, Patrick, additional, Park, Jean, additional, Peters, Anne, additional, Phillips, Lawrence S., additional, Pratley, Richard, additional, Raskin, Philip, additional, Rasouli, Neda, additional, Robbins, David, additional, Rosen, Clifford, additional, Aroda, Vanita R., additional, Sheehan, Patricia, additional, Staten, Myrlene A., additional, Ware, James H., additional, and Knowler, William C., additional

Published
2023
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14. The Effect of Interventions to Prevent Type 2 Diabetes on the Development of Diabetic Retinopathy: The DPP/DPPOS Experience

Author

White, Neil H., Pan, Qing, Knowler, William C., Schroeder, Emily B., Dabelea, Dana, Chew, Emily Y., Blodi, Barbara, Goldberg, Ronald B., Pi-Sunyer, Xavier, Darwin, Christine, Schlögl, Mathias, Nathan, David M., Goldstein, Barry J., Furlong, Kevin, Smith, Kellie A., Mendoza, Jewel, Wildman, Wendi, Simmons, Marsha, Jensen, Genine, Liberoni, Renee, Spandorfer, John, Pepe, Constance, Donahue, Richard P., Prineas, Ronald, Rowe, Patricia, Giannella, Anna, Calles, Jeanette, Sanguily, Juliet, Cassanova-Romero, Paul, Castillo-Florez, Sumaya, Florez, Hermes J., Garg, Rajesh, Kirby, Lascelles, Lara, Olga, Larreal, Carmen, McLymont, Valerie, Mendez, Jadell, Perry, Arlette, Saab, Patrice, Veciana, Bertha, Haffner, Steven M., Hazuda, Helen P., Montez, Maria G., Isaac, Juan, Hattaway, Kathy, Lorenzo, Carlos, Martinez, Arlene, Salazar, Monica, Walker, Tatiana, Hamman, Richard F., Nash, Patricia V., Steinke, Sheila C., Testaverde, Lisa, Truong, Jennifer, Anderson, Denise R., Ballonoff, Larry B., Bouffard, Alexis, Boxer, Rebecca S., Bucca, Brian, Calonge, B. Ned, Delve, Lynne, Farago, Martha, Hill, James O., Hoyer, Shelley R., Jenkins, Tonya, Jortberg, Bonnie T., Lenz, Dione, Miller, Marsha, Nilan, Thomas, Perreault, Leigh, Price, David W., Regensteiner, Judith G., Seagle, Helen, Smith, Carissa M., VanDorsten, Brent, Horton, Edward S., Munshi, Medha, Lawton, Kathleen E., Poirier, Catherine S., Swift, Kati, Jackson, Sharon D., Arky, Ronald A., Bryant, Marybeth, Burke, Jacqueline P., Caballero, Enrique, Callaphan, Karen M., Fargnoli, Barbara, Franklin, Therese, Ganda, Om P., Guidi, Ashley, Guido, Mathew, Jacobsen, Alan M., Kula, Lyn M., Kocal, Margaret, Lambert, Lori, Ledbury, Sarah, Malloy, Maureen A., Middelbeek, Roeland J.W., Nicosia, Maryanne, Oldmixon, Cathryn F., Pan, Jocelyn, Quitingon, Marizel, Rainville, Riley, Rubtchinsky, Stacy, Seely, Ellen W., Sansoucy, Jessica, Schweizer, Dana, Simonson, Donald, Smith, Fannie, Solomon, Caren G., Spellman, Jeanne, Warram, James, Kahn, Steven E., Montgomery, Brenda K., Fattaleh, Basma, Colegrove, Celeste, Fujimoto, Wilfred, Knopp, Robert H., Lipkin, Edward W., Marr, Michelle, Morgan-Taggart, Ivy, Murillo, Anne, O’Neal, Kayla, Trence, Dace, Taylor, Lonnese, Thomas, April, Tsai, Elaine C., Kitabchi, Abbas E., Dagogo-Jack, Samuel, Murphy, Mary E., Taylor, Laura, Dolgoff, Jennifer, Hampton, Ethel Faye, Applegate, William B., Bryer-Ash, Michael, Clark, Debra, Frieson, Sandra L., Ibebuogu, Uzoma, Imseis, Raed, Lambeth, Helen, Lichtermann, Lynne C., Oktaei, Hooman, Ricks, Harriet, Rutledge, Lily M.K., Sherman, Amy R., Smith, Clara M., Soberman, Judith E., Williamsleaves, Beverly, Patel, Avnisha, Nyenwe, Ebenezer A., Metzger, Boyd E., Molitch, Mark E., Wallia, Amisha, Johnson, Mariana K., VanderMolen, Sarah, Adelman, Daphne T., Behrends, Catherine, Cook, Michelle, Fitzgibbon, Marian, Giles, Mimi M., Hartmuller, Monica, Johnson, Cheryl K.H., Larsen, Diane, Lowe, Anne, Lyman, Megan, McPherson, David, Penn, Samsam C., Pitts, Thomas, Reinhart, Renee, Roston, Susan, Schinleber, Pamela A., McKitrick, Charles, Turgeon, Heather, Larkin, Mary, Mugford, Marielle, Thangthaeng, Nopporn, Leander, Fernelle, Abbott, Kathy, Anderson, Ellen, Bissett, Laurie, Bondi, Kristy, Cagliero, Enrico, Florez, Jose C., Delahanty, Linda, Goldman, Valerie, Grassa, Elaine, Gurry, Lindsey, D’Anna, Kali, Leandre, Fernelle, Lou, Peter, Poulos, Alexandra, Raymond, Elyse, Ripley, Valerie, Stevens, Christine, Tseng, Beverly, Olefsky, Jerrold M., Barrettonnor, Elizabeth, Mudaliar, Sunder, Rosario Araneta, Maria, Carrion-Petersen, Mary Lou, Vejvoda, Karen, Bassiouni, Sarah, Beltran, Madeline, Claravall, Lauren N., Dowden, Jonalle M., Edelman, Steven V., Garimella, Pranav, Henry, Robert R., Horne, Javiva, Lamkin, Marycie, Szerdi Janesch, Simona, Leos, Diana, Polonsky, William, Ruiz, Rosa, Smith, Jean, Torio-Hurley, Jennifer, Pi-Sunyer, F. Xavier, Laferrere, Blandine, Lee, Jane E., Hagamen, Susan, Kelly-Dinham, Kim, Allison, David B., Agharanya, Nnenna, Aronoff, Nancy J., Baldo, Maria, Crandall, Jill P., Foo, Sandra T., Luchsinger, Jose A., Pal, Carmen, Parkes, Kathy, Pena, Mary Beth, Roman, Julie, Rooney, Ellen S., VanWye, Gretchen E.H., Viscovich, Kristine A., Prince, Melvin J., Marrero, David G., Mather, Kieren J., De Groot, Mary, Kelly, Susie M., Jackson, Marcia A., McAtee, Gina, Putenney, Paula, Ackermann, Ronald T., Cantrell, Carolyn M., Dotson, Yolanda F., Fineberg, Edwin S., Fultz, Megan, Guare, John C., Hadden, Angela, Ignaut, James M., Kirkman, Marion S., O’Kelly Phillips, Erin, Pinner, Kisha L., Porter, Beverly D., Roach, Paris J., Rowland, Nancy D., Wheeler, Madelyn L., Ratner, Robert E., Aroda, Vanita, Magee, Michelle, Youssef, Gretchen, Shapiro, Sue, Andon, Natalie, Bavido-Arrage, Catherine, Boggs, Geraldine, Bronsord, Marjorie, Brown, Ernestine, Love Burkott, Holly, Cheatham, Wayman W., Cola, Susan, Evans, Cindy, Gibbs, Peggy, Kellum, Tracy, Leon, Lilia, Lagarda, Milvia, Levatan, Claresa, Lindsay, Milajurine, Nair, Asha K., Park, Jean, Passaro, Maureen, Silverman, Angela, Uwaifo, Gabriel, Wells-Thayer, Debra, Wiggins, Renee, Saad, Mohammed F., Watson, Karol, Budget, Maria, Jinagouda, Sujata, Botrous, Medhat, Sosa, Anthony, Tadros, Sameh, Akbar, Khan, Conzues, Claudia, Magpuri, Perpetua, Ngo, Kathy, Rassam, Amer, Waters, Debra, Xapthalamous, Kathy, Santiago, Julio V., Brown, Angela L., Santiago, Ana, Das, Samia, Khare-Ranade, Prajakta, Stich, Tamara, Fisher, Edwin, Hurt, Emma, Jones, Jackie, Jones, Tracy, Kerr, Michelle, McCowan, Sherri, Ryder, Lucy, Wernimont, Cormarie, Saudek, Christopher D., Hill Golden, Sherita, Bradley, Vanessa, Sullivan, Emily, Whittington, Tracy, Abbas, Caroline, Allen, Adrienne, Brancati, Frederick L., Cappelli, Sharon, Clark, Jeanne M., Charleston, Jeanne B., Freel, Janice, Horak, Katherine, Greene, Alicia, Jiggetts, Dawn, Johnson, Delois, Joseph, Hope, Kalyani, Rita, Loman, Kimberly, Mathioudakis, Nestoras, Maruthur, Nisa, Mosley, Henry, Reusing, John, Rubin, Richard R., Samuels, Alafia, Shields, Thomas, Stephens, Shawne, Stewart, Kerry J., Thomas, LeeLana, Utsey, Evonne, Williamson, Paula, Schade, David S., Adams, Karwyn S., Johannes, Carolyn, Hemphill, Claire, Hyde, Penny, Canady, Janene L., Atler, Leslie F., Boyle, Patrick J., Burge, Mark R., Chai, Lisa, Colleran, Kathleen, Fondino, Ateka, Gonzales, Ysela, Hernandez-McGinnis, Doris A., Katz, Patricia, King, Carolyn, Middendorf, Julia, Rubinchik, Sofya, Senter, Willette, Shamoon, Harry, Crandall, Jill, Brown, Janet O., Trandafirescu, Gilda, Powell, Danielle, Adorno, Elsie, Cox, Liane, Duffy, Helena, Engel, Samuel, Friedler, Allison, Goldstein, Angela, Howardentury, Crystal J., Lukin, Jennifer, Kloiber, Stacey, Longchamp, Nadege, Martinez, Helen, Pompi, Dorothy, Scheindlin, Jonathan, Tomuta, Norica, Violino, Elissa, Walker, Elizabeth A., Wylie-Rosett, Judith, Zimmerman, Elise, Zonszein, Joel, Wing, Rena R., Orchard, Trevor, Venditti, Elizabeth, Koenning, Gaye, Kramer, M. Kaye, Smith, Marie, Jeffries, Susan, Weinzierl, Valarie, Barr, Susan, Benchoff, Catherine, Boraz, Miriam, Clifford, Lisa, Culyba, Rebecca, Frazier, Marlene, Gilligan, Ryan, Guimond, Stephanie, Harrier, Susan, Harris, Louann, Kriska, Andrea, Manjoo, Qurashia, Mullen, Monica, Noel, Alicia, Otto, Amy, Pettigrew, Jessica, Rockette-Wagner, Bonny, Rubinstein, Debra, Semler, Linda, Smith, Cheryl F., Williams, Katherine V., Wilson, Tara, Arakaki, Richard F., Mau, Marjorie K., Latimer, Renee W., Isonaga, Mae K., Baker-Ladao, Narleen K., Bow, Ralph, Bermudez, Nina E., Dias, Lorna, Inouye, Jillian, Melish, John S., Mikami, Kathy, Mohideen, Pharis, Odom, Sharon K., Perry, Raynette U., Yamamoto, Robin E., Hanson, Robert L., Shah, Vallabh, Hoskin, Mary A., Percy, Carol A., Cooeyate, Norman, Natewa, Camille, Dodge, Charlotte, Enote, Alvera, Anderson, Harelda, Acton, Kelly J., Andre, Vickie L., Barber, Rosalyn, Begay, Shandiin, Bennett, Peter H., Benson, Mary Beth, Bird, Evelyn C., Broussard, Brenda A., Bucca, Brian C., Chavez, Marcella, Cook, Sherron, Curtis, Jeff, Dacawyma, Tara, Doughty, Matthew S., Duncan, Roberta, Edgerton, Cyndy, Ghahate, Jacqueline M., Glass, Justin, Glass, Martia, Gohdes, Dorothy, Grant, Wendy, Horse, Ellie, Ingraham, Louise E., Jackson, Merry, Jay, Priscilla, Kaskalla, Roylen S., Kavena, Karen, Kessler, David, Kobus, Kathleen M., Krakoff, Jonathan, Kurland, Jason, Manus, Catherine, McCabe, Cherie, Michaels, Sara, Morgan, Tina, Nashboo, Yolanda, Nelson, Julie A., Poirier, Steven, Polczynski, Evette, Piromalli, Christopher, Reidy, Mike, Roumain, Jeanine, Rowse, Debra, Roy, Robert J., Sangster, Sandra, Sewenemewa, Janet, Smart, Miranda, Spencer, Chelsea, Tonemah, Darryl, Williams, Rachel, Wilson, Charlton, Yazzie, Michelle, Bain, Raymond, Fowler, Sarah, Larsen, Michael D., Jablonski, Kathleen, Temprosa, Marinella, Brenneman, Tina, Edelstein, Sharon L., Abebe, Solome, Bamdad, Julie, Barkalow, Melanie, Bethepu, Joel, Bezabeh, Tsedenia, Bowers, Anna, Butler, Nicole, Callaghan, Jackie, Carter, Caitlin E., Christophi, Costas, Dwyer, Gregory M., Foulkes, Mary, Gao, Yuping, Gooding, Robert, Gottlieb, Adrienne, Grimes, Kristina L., Grover-Fairchild, Nisha, Haffner, Lori, Hoffman, Heather, Jones, Steve, Jones, Tara L., Katz, Richard, Kolinjivadi, Preethy, Lachin, John M., Ma, Yong, Mucik, Pamela, Orlosky, Robert, Reamer, Susan, Rochon, James, Sapozhnikova, Alla, Sherif, Hanna, Stimpson, Charlotte, Hogan Tjaden, Ashley, Walker-Murray, Fredricka, Venditti, Elizabeth M., Kriska, Andrea M., Weinzierl, Valerie, Marcovina, Santica, Aldrich, F. Alan, Harting, Jessica, Albers, John, Strylewicz, Greg, Killeen, Anthony, Gabrielson, Deanna, Eastman, R., Fradkin, Judith, Garfield, Sanford, Lee, Christine, Gregg, Edward, Zhang, Ping, O’Leary, Dan, Evans, Gregory, Budoff, Matthew, Dailing, Chris, Stamm, Elizabeth, Schwartz, Ann, Navy, Caroline, Palermo, Lisa, Rautaharju, Pentti, Prineas, Ronald J., Soliman, Elsayed Z., Alexander, Teresa, Campbell, Charles, Hall, Sharon, Li, Yabing, Mills, Margaret, Pemberton, Nancy, Rautaharju, Farida, Zhang, Zhuming, Hu, Julie, Hensley, Susan, Keasler, Lisa, Taylor, Tonya, Danis, Ronald, Davis, Matthew, Hubbard, Larry, Endres, Ryan, Elsas, Deborah, Johnson, Samantha, Myers, Dawn, Barrett, Nancy, Baumhauer, Heather, Benz, Wendy, Cohn, Holly, Corkery, Ellie, Dohm, Kristi, Domalpally, Amitha, Gama, Vonnie, Goulding, Anne, Ewen, Andy, Hurtenbach, Cynthia, Lawrence, Daniel, McDaniel, Kyle, Pak, Jeong, Reimers, James, Shaw, Ruth, Swift, Maria, Vargo, Pamela, Watson, Sheila, Manly, Jennifer, Mayer-Davis, Elizabeth, Moran, Robert R., Ganiats, Ted, David, Kristin, Sarkin, Andrew J., Groessl, Erik, Katzir, Naomi, Chong, Helen, Herman, William H., Brändle, Michael, Brown, Morton B., Altshuler, David, Billings, Liana K., Chen, Ling, Harden, Maegan, Pollin, Toni I., Shuldiner, Alan R., Franks, Paul W., and Hivert, Marie-France

Subjects
Advanced and Specialized Nursing, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Internal Medicine, Pathophysiology/Complications
Abstract

OBJECTIVE To determine whether interventions that slow or prevent the development of type 2 diabetes in those at risk reduce the subsequent prevalence of diabetic retinopathy. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS The Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) randomized subjects at risk for developing type 2 diabetes because of overweight/obesity and dysglycemia to metformin (MET), intensive lifestyle intervention (ILS), or placebo (PLB) to assess the prevention of diabetes. During the DPP and DPP Outcome Study (DPPOS), we performed fundus photography over time on study participants, regardless of their diabetes status. Fundus photographs were graded using the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study grading system, with diabetic retinopathy defined as typical lesions of diabetic retinopathy (microaneurysms, exudates, or hemorrhage, or worse) in either eye. RESULTS Despite reduced progression to diabetes in the ILS and MET groups compared with PLB, there was no difference in the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy between treatment groups after 1, 5, 11, or 16 years of follow-up. No treatment group differences in retinopathy were found within prespecified subgroups (baseline age, sex, race/ethnicity, baseline BMI). In addition, there was no difference in the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy between those exposed to metformin and those not exposed to metformin, regardless of treatment group assignment. CONCLUSIONS Interventions that delay or prevent the onset of type 2 diabetes in overweight/obese subjects with dysglycemia who are at risk for diabetes do not reduce the development of diabetic retinopathy for up to 20 years.

Published
2022

15. Efficacy of recurrent transcutaneous magnetic stimulation in the treatment of diabetic peripheral neuropathy: Multicenter randomized trial.

Author

Rao, Vishnu P., Kim, Yoon Kook, Ghazi, Anahita, Park, Jean Y., and Munir, Kashif M.

Subjects
TREATMENT of diabetic neuropathies, RESEARCH, PAIN measurement, HEALTH outcome assessment, MAGNETOTHERAPY, RANDOMIZED controlled trials, BLIND experiment, RESEARCH funding, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, FOOT, STATISTICAL sampling, PAIN management, EVALUATION
Abstract

Aims: Transcutaneous magnetic stimulation (TCMS) is successful in decreasing pain in several neurologic conditions. This multicenter parallel double‐blind phase II clinical trial is a follow‐up to a pilot study that demonstrated pain relief in patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) treated with TCMS. Methods: Thirty‐four participants with confirmed DPN and baseline pain score ≥ 5 were randomized to treatment at two sites. Participants were treated with either TCMS (n = 18) or sham (n = 16) applied to each foot once a week for four weeks. Pain scores using the Numeric Pain Rating Scale after 10 steps on a hard floor surface and answers to Patient‐Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System pain questions were recorded by participants daily for 28 days. Results: Thirty‐one participants completed the study and were analyzed. Average pain scores decreased from baseline in both the groups. The difference in pain scores between TCMS and sham treatments was −0.55 for morning, −0.13 for evening, and −0.34 overall, below the pre‐determined clinically relevant difference of −2. Moderate adverse events that resolved spontaneously were experienced in both treatment arms. Conclusion: In this two‐arm trial, TCMS failed to demonstrate a significant benefit over sham in patient reported pain suggesting a substantial placebo effect in our previous pilot study. Trial registration: TCMS for the Treatment of Foot Pain Caused By Diabetic Neuropathy, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03596203, ID‐NCT03596203. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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18. Dual endothelin antagonist aprocitentan for resistant hypertension (PRECISION): a multicentre, blinded, randomised, parallel-group, phase 3 trial

Author

Schlaich, Markus P, primary, Bellet, Marc, additional, Weber, Michael A, additional, Danaietash, Parisa, additional, Bakris, George L, additional, Flack, John M, additional, Dreier, Roland F, additional, Sassi-Sayadi, Mouna, additional, Haskell, Lloyd P, additional, Narkiewicz, Krzysztof, additional, Wang, Ji-Guang, additional, Reid, Christopher, additional, Schlaich, Markus, additional, Katz, Ivor, additional, Ajani, Andrew, additional, Biswas, Sinjini, additional, Esler, Murray, additional, Elder, Grahame, additional, Roger, Simon, additional, Colquhoun, David, additional, Mooney, John, additional, De Backer, Tine, additional, Persu, Alexandre, additional, Chaumont, Martin, additional, Krzesinski, Jean-Marie, additional, Vanassche, Thomas, additional, Girard, Ginette, additional, Pliamm, Lew, additional, Schiffrin, Ernesto, additional, Merali, Fatima, additional, Dresser, George, additional, Vallee, Michel, additional, Jolly, Shivinder, additional, Chow, Stephen, additional, Wang, Jiguang, additional, Mu, Jianjun, additional, Yu, Jing, additional, Yuan, Hong, additional, Feng, Yingqing, additional, Zhang, Xin, additional, Xie, Jianhong, additional, Lin, Ling, additional, Soucek, Miroslav, additional, Widimsky, Jiri, additional, Cifkova, Renata, additional, Vaclavik, Jan, additional, Ullrych, Martin, additional, Lukac, Martin, additional, Rychlik, Ivan, additional, Guldager Lauridsen, Thomas, additional, Kantola, Ilkka, additional, Taurio, Jyrki, additional, Ukkola, Olavi, additional, Ormezzano, Olivier, additional, Gosse, Philippe, additional, Azizi, Michel, additional, Courand, Pierre-Yves, additional, Delsart, Pascal, additional, Tartiere, Jean Michel, additional, Mahfoud, Felix, additional, Schmieder, Roland, additional, Stegbauer, Johannes, additional, Lurz, Philipp, additional, Koziolek, Michael, additional, Ott, Christian, additional, Toursarkissian, Nicole, additional, Tsioufis, Konstantinos, additional, Kyfnidis, Konstantinos, additional, Manolis, Athanasios, additional, Patsilinakos, Sotirios, additional, Zebekakis, Pantelis, additional, Karavidas, Apostolos, additional, Denes, Pall, additional, Bezzegh, Katalin, additional, Zsom, Marianna, additional, Kovacs, Laszlo, additional, Sharabi, Yehonatan, additional, Elias, Mazen, additional, Sukholutsky, Ivetta, additional, Yosefy, Chaim, additional, Kenis, Irina, additional, Atar, Shaul, additional, Volpe, Massimo, additional, Maria Lorenza, Muiesan, additional, Taddei, Stefano, additional, Grassi, Guido, additional, Veglio, Franco, additional, Son, Jung Woo, additional, Kim, Jang-Young, additional, Park, Joong-Il, additional, Lee, Chang Hoon, additional, Lee, Hae-Young, additional, Raugaliene, Rasa, additional, Marcinkeviciene, Jolanta Elena, additional, Kavaliauskiene, Roma, additional, Deinum, Jaap, additional, Kroon, Abraham, additional, van den Born, Bert-Jan, additional, Januszewicz, Andrzej, additional, Tykarski, Andrzej, additional, Walczewska, Jolanta, additional, Gaciong, Zbigniew, additional, Wiecek, Andrzej, additional, Chrostowska, Marzena, additional, Kleinrok, Andrzej, additional, Krekora, Jan, additional, Kania, Grzegorz, additional, Podrazka-Szczepaniak, Anna, additional, Golawski, Cezary, additional, Podziewski, Maciej, additional, Kaczmarek, Barbara, additional, Skoczylas, Grzegorz, additional, Wilkolaski, Andrzej, additional, Wozniak, Iwona, additional, Janik-Palazzolo, Marzena, additional, Rewerska, Barbara, additional, Konradi, Aleksandra, additional, Shvarts, Yuriy, additional, Pecherina, Tamara, additional, Nikolaev, Konstantin, additional, Liudmila, Gapon, additional, Orlikova, Olga, additional, Mordovin, Viktor, additional, Petrochenkova, Natalia, additional, Kamalov, Gadel, additional, Kosmacheva, Elena, additional, Tyrenko, Vadim, additional, Gorbunov, Vladimir, additional, Obrezan, Andrey, additional, Supryadkina, Tatiana, additional, Ler, Irina, additional, Kotenko, Oleg, additional, Kuzin, Anatoly, additional, Martínez García, Fernando, additional, Redon, Josep, additional, Oliveras, Anna, additional, Beltran Romero, Luis, additional, Shatylo, Valerii, additional, Rudenko, Leonid, additional, Bazylevych, Andriy, additional, Rudyk, Yurii, additional, Karpenko, Oleksandr, additional, Stanislavchuk, Mykola, additional, Tseluyko, Vira, additional, Kushnir, Mykola, additional, Asanov, Ervin, additional, Sirenko, Yuriy, additional, Yagensky, Andriy, additional, Collier, David, additional, Gupta, Pankaj, additional, Webb, David, additional, MacLeod, Mary, additional, McLay, James, additional, Peace, Aaron, additional, Arora, Samir, additional, Buchanan, Patricia, additional, Harris, Robert, additional, Degarmo, Ronald, additional, Guillen, Mario, additional, Karns, Adam, additional, Neutel, Joel, additional, Paliwal, Yogesh, additional, Pettis, Karlton, additional, Toth, Phillip D., additional, Wayne, Jeffrey M., additional, Butcher, Michael Bain, additional, Diller, Phillip M., additional, Oparil, Suzanne, additional, Calhoun, David, additional, Brautigam, Donald, additional, Flack, John, additional, Goldman, Jesse M., additional, Rashidi, Arash, additional, Aslam, Nabeel, additional, Haley, William, additional, Andrawis, Nabil, additional, Lang, Brian, additional, Miller, Randy, additional, Powell, James, additional, Dewhurst, Robert, additional, Pritchard, James, additional, Khanna, Dinesh, additional, Tang, Dennis, additional, Gabra, Nashwa, additional, Park, Jean, additional, Jones, Conigliaro, additional, Scott, Cranford, additional, Luna, Blanca, additional, Mussaji, Murtaza, additional, Bhagwat, Ravi, additional, Bauer, Michael, additional, McGinty, John, additional, Nambiar, Rajesh, additional, Sangrigoli, Renee, additional, Davis, William Ross, additional, Eaves, William, additional, McGrew, Frank, additional, Awad, Ahmed, additional, Bolster, Eric, additional, Scott, David, additional, Kalirao, Paramjit, additional, Dabel, Pascal, additional, Calhoun, Wesley, additional, Gouge, Steven, additional, Warren, Mark, additional, Lawrence, Mary Katherine, additional, Jamal, Aamir, additional, El-Shahawy, Mohamed, additional, Mercado, Carlos, additional, Kumar, Jayant, additional, Velasquez-Mieyer, Pedro, additional, Busch, Robert, additional, Lewis, Todd, additional, and Rich, Lisa, additional

Published
2022
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21. The Immune System

Author

Chew, Boon P., Park, Jean Soon, Britton, George, editor, Pfander, Hanspeter, editor, and Liaaen-Jensen, Synnøve, editor

Published
2009
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22. Islet Autoimmunity is Highly Prevalent and Associated With Diminished β-Cell Function in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes in the Grade Study

Author

Brooks-Worrell, Barbara, Hampe, Christiane S., Hattery, Erica G., Palomino, Brenda, Zangeneh, Sahar Z., Utzschneider, Kristina, Kahn, Steven E., Larkin, Mary E., Johnson, Mary L., Mather, Kieren J., Younes, Naji, Rasouli, Neda, Desouza, Cyrus, Cohen, Robert M., Park, Jean Y., Florez, Hermes J., Valencia, Willy Marcos, Shojaie, Ali, Palmer, Jerry P., Balasubramanyam, Ashok, Crandall, Jill P., McKee, Melissa Diane, Brown-Friday, Janet, Xhori, Entila, Ballentine-Cargill, Keisha, Duran, Sally, Lukin, Jennifer, Beringher, Stephanie, Gonzalez de la Torre, Susana, Phillips, Lawrence, Burgess, Elizabeth, Olson, Darin, Rhee, Mary, Wilson, Peter, Raines, Tasha Stephanie, Costello, Julie, Gullett, Chona, Maher-Albertelli, Maxine, Morehead, Folayan, Mungara, Radhika, Person, Saranjit, Savoye, Louise, Sibymon, Mabil, Tanukonda, Sridhar, White, Carol Ann, Holloway, Leah, Adams, Cynthia, Ross, April, Gonzalez Hattery, Erica, Gaba, Ruchi, Montes, Graciela, Wright, Charlyne, Hollander, Priscilla, Roe, Erin, Uy, Analyn, Burt, Polly, Estrada, Lorie, Chionh, Kris, Ismail-Beigi, Faramarz, Falck-Ytter, Corinna, Sayyed Kassem, Laure, Sood, Ajay, Tiktin, Margaret, Cramer, Bethany, Iacoboni, Jacalyn, Kononets, Maria V., Kulow, Tanya, Newman, Cynthia, Stancil, Katherine A., Sanders, Cristina, Tucker, Lisa, Werner, Amanda, Krol, Adrienne, McPhee, Gloria, Patel, Christine, Colosimo, Linda, Goland, Robin, Pring, James, Kringas, Patricia, Tejada, Jessica, Hausheer, Camille, Schneier, Harvey, Gumpel, Kelly, Kirpitch, Amanda, Green, Jennifer B., AbouAssi, Hiba, Chatterjee, Ranee, Feinglos, Mark N., English Jones, Jennifer, Khan, Shubi A., Kimpel, Jeanne B., Zimmer, Ronna P., Furst, Mary, Satterwhite, Barbara M., Thacker, Connie, Evans Kreider, Kathryn, Lteif, Amale, Hamilton, Tonya, Patel, Nick, Riera, Gabriela, Jackson, Marcia, Pirics, Vivian, Howard, Devin, Aguillar, Danielle, Hurt, Sloan, Bergenstal, Richard, Carlson, Anders, Martens, Thomas, Johnson, Mary, Hill, Renae, Hyatt, Jamie, Jensen, Connie, Madden, Marcia, Martin, Dianna, Willis, Holly, Konerza, Wanda, Passi, Rebecca, Kleeberger, Kathleen, Fortmann, Stephen, Herson, Michael, Mularski, Karen, Glauber, Harry, Prihoda, James, Ash, Britt, Carlson, Christina, Ramey, Phyllis Anne, Schield, Emily, Torgrimson-Ojerio, Britta, Arnold, Kathy, Kauffman, Bryan, Panos, Elease, Sahnow, Samantha, Bays, Kristi, Cook, Jennifer, Gluth, Jennifer, Sasaki, Debra, Schell, Katrina, Criscola, Jennifer, Friason, Camille, Jones, Suzi, Nazarov, Sergey, Barzilay, Joshua, Rassouli, Negah, Puttnam, Rachel, Curtis, Michelle, Stokes, Kia, Hollis, Bonita, Sanders-Jones, Cynthia, Nelson, Roslin, El-Haqq, Zakiah, Kolli, Abby, Tran, Tu, Wexler, Deborah, Larkin, Mary, Meigs, James, Dushkin, Amy, Rocchio, Gianna, Chambers, Brittany, Yepes, Mike, Steiner, Barbara, Dulin, Hilary, Cayford, Melody, DeManbey, Andrea, Gurry, Lindsey, Hillard, Mallory, Martin, Kimberly, Stevens, Christine, Thangthaeng, Nopporn, Kochis, Raquel, Raymond, Elyse, Ripley, Valerie, Park, Jean, Aroda, Vanita, Ghazi, Adline, Loveland, Amy, Hurtado, Maria, Kuhn, Alexander, Mofor, Florence, Marks, Jennifer, Oropesa-Gonzalez, Lisset, Riccio Veliz, Ana K., Nieto-Martinez, Ramfis, Gutt, Miriam, Ahmann, Andrew, Aby-Daniel, Diana, Joarder, Farahnaz, Morimoto, Victoria, Sprague, Carol, Yamashita, Daisuke, Cady, Nancy, Kirchhoff, Patricia, Rivera-Eschright, Nadia, Adducci, Joseph, Morales Gomez, Brianna, Goncharova, Alina, Hox, Sophia H., Petrovitch, Helen, Matwichyna, Michael, Jenkins, Victoria, Bermudez, Nina O., Ishii, Renée R., Hsia, Daniel S., Cefalu, William T., Greenway, Frank L., Waguespack, Celeste, King, Erin, Haynes, Natalie, Thomassie, Amy, Bourgeois, Brandi, Hazlett, Claire, Henry, Robert, Mudaliar, Sunder, Boeder, Schafer, Pettus, Jeremy, Diaz, Elsa, DeLue, Catherine, Castro, Erick, Hernandez, Sylvia, Krakoff, Jonathan, Curtis, Jeffrey M., Killean, Tina, Joshevama, Erica, Diaz, Enrique, Martin, Denelle, Karshner, Tracey, Albu, Jeanine, Pi-Sunyer, F. Xavier, Frances, Sylvaine, Maggio, Carol, Ellis, Emily, Bastawrose, Joseph, Gong, Xiuqun, Banerji, Mary Ann, August, Phyllis, Lorber, Daniel, Brown, Necole M., Josephson, Debra H., Thomas, Lorraine L., Tsovian, Mari, Cherian, Ajini, Jacobson, Marlo H., Mishko, Motria M., Kirkman, M. Sue, Bergamo, Katherine, Buse, John B., Dostou, Jean, Young, Laura, Goley, April, Kerr, Jeffrey, Largay, Joseph F., Guarda, Sonia, Cuffee, Juanita, Culmer, Dawn, Fraser, Rachael, Almeida, Hope, Coffer, Samantha, Debnam, Elizabeth, Kiker, Lauren, Morton, Sarah, Josey, Kim, Fuller, Gail, Garvey, W. Timothy, Cherrington, Andrea, Golson, Dana, Griffith, Olivia, Robertson, Mary Catherine, Agne, April, McCullars, Steve, Craig, Jacqueline, Kersey, Kimberly, Rogge, M. Colleen, Wilson, Carla, Burton, Kathryn, Lipp, Sonia, Vonder Meulen, Mary Beth, Schroeder, Emily, Steiner, Stephanie, Baker, Chelsea, Underkofler, Chantal, Douglass, Sara, Sivitz, William, Cline, Erin, Knosp, Laura, McConnell, Jennifer, Lowe, Tamara, Herman, William H., Pop-Busui, Rodica, Tan, Meng H., Martin, Catherine, Waltje, Andrea, Goodhall, Lynn, Eggleston, Rebecca, Kuo, Shihchen, Bule, Stephanie, Kessler, Nancy, LaSalle, Elizabeth, Seaquist, Elizabeth R., Bantle, Anne, Kumar, Anjali, Redmon, Bruce, Bantle, John, Harindhanavudhi, Tasma, Coe, Mary, Mech, Michael, Taddese, Abdisa, Lesne, Lesia, Smith, Shannon, Kuechenmeister, Lisa, Shivaswamy, Vijay, Morales, Ana Laura, Rodriguez, Maria Grace, Seipel, Kris, Alfred, Alissa, Eggert, Jenna, Lord, Grace, Taylor, William, Tillson, Renee, Schade, David S., Adolphe, Allen, Burge, Mark, Duran-Valdez, Elizabeth, Martinez, Janae, Hernandez McGinnis, Doris, Pucchetti, Benjamin, Scripsick, Elizabeth, DeFronzo, Ralph A., Cersosimo, Eugenio, Abdul-Ghani, Muhammad, Triplitt, Curtis, Verastiqui, Hector, Garza, Rosa Irene, Wright, Kathryn, Puckett, Curtiss, Raskin, Philip, Rhee, Chanhaeng, Abraham, Soma, Jordan, Lin Fan, Sao, Serey, Morton, Luisa, Smith, Oralenda, Osornio Walker, Laura, Schnurr-Breen, Laura, Ayala, Rosa, Kraymer, Robert, Sturgess, Daytheon, Utzschneider, Kristina M., Alarcon-Casas Wright, Lorena, Boyko, Edward, Tsai, Elaine C., Trence, Dace L., Fattaleh, Basma N., Montgomery, Brenda K., Atkinson, Karen M., Concepcion, Tessa, Kozedub, Alexandra, Moak, Cameron, Rhothisen, Samantha, Elasy, Tom A., Martin, Stephanie, Shackelford, Laura, Goidel, Rita, Hinkle, Nina, Lipps Hogan, Janie, Lovell, Cynthia, Myers, Janet, McGill, Janet B., Salam, Maamoun, Kissel, Sarah, Schweiger, Toni, Recklein, Carol, Tamborlane, William, Gatcomb, Patricia, Camp, Anne, Gulanski, Barbara, Inzucchi, Silvio, Pham, Kim, Alguard, Michele, Lessard, Katarzyna, Perez, Magalys, Magenheimer, Elizabeth, Montoza, Abmaridel, Nathan, David M., Lachin, John, Krause-Steinrauf, Heidi, Burch, Henry, Linder, Barbara, Bremer, Andrew, Backman, Michael, Bebu, Ionut, Buys, C.J., Fagan Murphy, Anna, Gao, Yuping, Gramzinski, Michaela, Hall, Stephanie, Legowski, Elizabeth, Arey, Alyssa, Bethepu, Joel, Lund, Claire, Mangat Dhaliwal, Pam, McGee, Paula, Mesimer, Emily, Ngo, Lisa, Steffes, Michael, Seegmiller, Jesse, Saenger, Amy, Arends, Valerie, Gabrielson, Deanna, Conner, Todd, Stuart, Warren, Day, Jolene, Scrymgeour, Alexandra, Soliman, Elsayed Z., Zhang, Zhu-Ming, Campbell, Charles, Hu, Julie, Keasler, Lisa, Hensley, Susan, Li, Yabing, Herman, William, Mihalcea, Rada, Perez-Rosas, Veronica, Prosser, Lisa, Resnicow, Kenneth, Ye, Wen, Shao, Hui, Zhang, Ping, Luchsinger, Jose, Sanchez, Danurys, Burch, Henry B., Fradkin, Judith, Groessl, Erik, Chong, Helen, Hillery, Naomi, Abdouch, Ivan, Brantley, Paula, Broyles, Frances E., Canaris, Gay, Copeland, Paul, Craine, Jeri J., Fein, Warren L., Lee, Melissa S., Meiners, Rebecca, Meiners, Vaughn, O’Neal, Hollis, Park, James E., Sledge, Edward, Steppel-Resnick, Jeanne, Turchin, Alexander, Higgins, John, Fischer, Lawrence, Golden, Sherita, Gonzalez, Jeffrey, Naik, Aanand, Walker, Elizabeth, Doner Lotenberg, Lynne, Gallivan, Joanne M., Lim, Joanne, Tuncer, Diane M., and Behringer-Massera, Stephanie

Subjects
endocrine system diseases, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Smoke, T-Lymphocytes, Internal Medicine, Humans, Pathophysiology, Fires
Abstract

Islet autoimmunity may contribute to β-cell dysfunction in type 2 diabetes (T2D). Its prevalence and clinical significance have not been rigorously determined. In this ancillary study to the Glycemia Reduction Approaches in Diabetes: A Comparative Effectiveness Study (GRADE), we investigated the prevalence of cellular and humoral islet autoimmunity in patients with T2D duration of 4.0 ± 3.0 years (HbA1c 7.5 ± 0.5% on metformin alone). We measured T-cell autoreactivity against islet proteins, islet autoantibodies against 65-kDa GAD antigen, IA-2, and zinc transporter-8, and β-cell function. Cellular islet autoimmunity was present in 41.3%, humoral islet autoimmunity in 13.5%, and both in 5.3%. β-Cell function calculated as incremental area under the curve of glucose from 0–120 min (iAUC-CG) and ΔC-peptide(0–30)/Δglucose(0–30) from an oral glucose tolerance test was lower among T-cell–positive (T+) than T-cell–negative (T−) individuals using two different adjustments for insulin sensitivity (iAUC-CG: 13.2% [95% CI 0.3, 24.4] or 11.4% [95% CI 0.4, 21.2] lower; ΔC-peptide[0–30]/Δglucose[0–30]: 19% [95% CI 3.1, 32.3] or 17.7% [95% CI 2.6, 30.5%] lower). T+ patients had 17% higher HbA1c (95% CI 0.07, 0.28) and 7.7 mg/dL higher fasting plasma glucose levels (95% CI 0.2, 15.3) than T− patients. We conclude that islet autoimmunity is much more prevalent in patients with T2D than previously reported. T-cell–mediated autoimmunity is associated with diminished β-cell function and worse glycemic control.

Published
2021

25. Dual endothelin antagonist aprocitentan for resistant hypertension (PRECISION): a multicentre, blinded, randomised, parallel-group, phase 3 trial

Author

Schlaich, M, Bellet, M, Weber, M, Danaietash, P, Bakris, G, Flack, J, Dreier, R, Sassi-Sayadi, M, Haskell, L, Narkiewicz, K, Wang, J, Reid, C, Katz, I, Ajani, A, Biswas, S, Esler, M, Elder, G, Roger, S, Colquhoun, D, Mooney, J, De Backer, T, Persu, A, Chaumont, M, Krzesinski, J, Vanabsche, T, Girard, G, Pliamm, L, Schiffrin, E, Merali, F, Dresser, G, Vallee, M, Jolly, S, Chow, S, Mu, J, Yu, J, Yuan, H, Feng, Y, Zhang, X, Xie, J, Lin, L, Soucek, M, Widimsky, J, Cifkova, R, Vaclavik, J, Ullrych, M, Lukac, M, Rychlik, I, Guldager Lauridsen, T, Kantola, I, Taurio, J, Ukkola, O, Ormezzano, O, Gosse, P, Azizi, M, Courand, P, Delsart, P, Tartiere, J, Mahfoud, F, Schmieder, R, Stegbauer, J, Lurz, P, Koziolek, M, Ott, C, Toursarkissian, N, Tsioufis, K, Kyfnidis, K, Manolis, A, Patsilinakos, S, Zebekakis, P, Karavidas, A, Denes, P, Bezzegh, K, Zsom, M, Kovacs, L, Sharabi, Y, Elias, M, Sukholutsky, I, Yosefy, C, Kenis, I, Atar, S, Volpe, M, Lorenza, M, Taddei, S, Grassi, G, Veglio, F, Son, J, Kim, J, Park, J, Lee, C, Lee, H, Raugaliene, R, Marcinkeviciene, J, Kavaliauskiene, R, Deinum, J, Kroon, A, van den Born, B, Januszewicz, A, Tykarski, A, Walczewska, J, Gaciong, Z, Wiecek, A, Chrostowska, M, Kleinrok, A, Krekora, J, Kania, G, Podrazka-Szczepaniak, A, Golawski, C, Podziewski, M, Kaczmarek, B, Skoczylas, G, Wilkolaski, A, Wozniak, I, Janik-Palazzolo, M, Rewerska, B, Konradi, A, Shvarts, Y, Pecherina, T, Nikolaev, K, Liudmila, G, Orlikova, O, Mordovin, V, Petrochenkova, N, Kamalov, G, Kosmacheva, E, Tyrenko, V, Gorbunov, V, Obrezan, A, Supryadkina, T, Ler, I, Kotenko, O, Kuzin, A, Martinez, F, Redon, J, Oliveras, A, Beltran Romero, L, Shatylo, V, Rudenko, L, Bazylevych, A, Rudyk, Y, Karpenko, O, Stanislavchuk, M, Tseluyko, V, Kushnir, M, Asanov, E, Sirenko, Y, Yagensky, A, Collier, D, Gupta, P, Webb, D, Macleod, M, Mclay, J, Peace, A, Arora, S, Buchanan, P, Harris, R, Degarmo, R, Guillen, M, Karns, A, Neutel, J, Paliwal, Y, Pettis, K, Toth, P, Wayne, J, Butcher, B, Diller, P, Oparil, S, Calhoun, D, Brautigam, D, Goldman, J, Rashidi, A, Aslam, N, Haley, W, Andrawis, N, Lang, B, Miller, R, Powell, J, Dewhurst, R, Pritchard, J, Khanna, D, Tang, D, Gabra, N, Jones, C, Scott, C, Luna, B, Mussaji, M, Bhagwat, R, Bauer, M, Mcginty, J, Nambiar, R, Sangrigoli, R, Ross Davis, W, Eaves, W, Mcgrew, F, Awad, A, Bolster, E, Scott, D, Kalirao, P, Dabel, P, Calhoun, W, Gouge, S, Warren, M, Lawrence, M, Jamal, A, El-Shahawy, M, Mercado, C, Kumar, J, Velasquez-Mieyer, P, Busch, R, Lewis, T, Rich, L, Schlaich, Markus P, Bellet, Marc, Weber, Michael A, Danaietash, Parisa, Bakris, George L, Flack, John M, Dreier, Roland F, Sassi-Sayadi, Mouna, Haskell, Lloyd P, Narkiewicz, Krzysztof, Wang, Ji-Guang, Reid, Christopher, Schlaich, Markus, Katz, Ivor, Ajani, Andrew, Biswas, Sinjini, Esler, Murray, Elder, Grahame, Roger, Simon, Colquhoun, David, Mooney, John, De Backer, Tine, Persu, Alexandre, Chaumont, Martin, Krzesinski, Jean-Marie, Vanabsche, Thomas, Girard, Ginette, Pliamm, Lew, Schiffrin, Ernesto, Merali, Fatima, Dresser, George, Vallee, Michel, Jolly, Shivinder, Chow, Stephen, Wang, Jiguang, Mu, Jianjun, Yu, Jing, Yuan, Hong, Feng, Yingqing, Zhang, Xin, Xie, Jianhong, Lin, Ling, Soucek, Miroslav, Widimsky, Jiri, Cifkova, Renata, Vaclavik, Jan, Ullrych, Martin, Lukac, Martin, Rychlik, Ivan, Guldager Lauridsen, Thomas, Kantola, Ilkka, Taurio, Jyrki, Ukkola, Olavi, Ormezzano, Olivier, Gosse, Philippe, Azizi, Michel, Courand, Pierre-Yves, Delsart, Pascal, Tartiere, Jean Michel, Mahfoud, Felix, Schmieder, Roland, Stegbauer, Johannes, Lurz, Philipp, Koziolek, Michael, Ott, Christian, Toursarkissian, Nicole, Tsioufis, Konstantinos, Kyfnidis, Konstantinos, Manolis, Athanasios, Patsilinakos, Sotirios, Zebekakis, Pantelis, Karavidas, Apostolos, Denes, Pall, Bezzegh, Katalin, Zsom, Marianna, Kovacs, Laszlo, Sharabi, Yehonatan, Elias, Mazen, Sukholutsky, Ivetta, Yosefy, Chaim, Kenis, Irina, Atar, Shaul, Volpe, Massimo, Lorenza, Muiesan Maria, Taddei, Stefano, Grassi, Guido, Veglio, Franco, Son, Jung Woo, Kim, Jang-Young, Park, Joong-Il, Lee, Chang Hoon, Lee, Hae-Young, Raugaliene, Rasa, Marcinkeviciene, Jolanta Elena, Kavaliauskiene, Roma, Deinum, Jaap, Kroon, Abraham, van den Born, Bert-Jan, Januszewicz, Andrzej, Tykarski, Andrzej, Walczewska, Jolanta, Gaciong, Zbigniew, Wiecek, Andrzej, Chrostowska, Marzena, Kleinrok, Andrzej, Krekora, Jan, Kania, Grzegorz, Podrazka-Szczepaniak, Anna, Golawski, Cezary, Podziewski, Maciej, Kaczmarek, Barbara, Skoczylas, Grzegorz, Wilkolaski, Andrzej, Wozniak, Iwona, Janik-Palazzolo, Marzena, Rewerska, Barbara, Konradi, Alexandra, Shvarts, Yuriy, Pecherina, Tamara, Nikolaev, Konstantin, Liudmila, Gapon, Orlikova, Olga, Mordovin, Viktor, Petrochenkova, Natalia, Kamalov, Gadel, Kosmacheva, Elena, Tyrenko, Vadim, Gorbunov, Vladimir, Obrezan, Andrey, Supryadkina, Tatiana, Ler, Irina, Kotenko, Oleg, Kuzin, Anatoly, Martinez, Fernando, Redon, Josep, Oliveras, Anna, Beltran Romero, Luis, Shatylo, Valerii, Rudenko, Leonid, Bazylevych, Andriiy, Rudyk, Yurii, Karpenko, Oleksandr, Stanislavchuk, Mykola, Tseluyko, Vira, Kushnir, Mykola, Asanov, Ervin, Sirenko, Yuriy, Yagensky, Andriy, Collier, David, Gupta, Pankaj, Webb, David, MacLeod, Mary, McLay, James, Peace, Aaron, Arora, Samir, Buchanan, Patricia, Harris, Robert, Degarmo, Ronald, Guillen, Mario, Karns, Adam, Neutel, Joel, Paliwal, Yogesh, Pettis, Karlton, Toth, Phillip D., Wayne, Jeffrey M., Butcher, Bain, Diller, Phillip M., Oparil, Suzanne, Calhoun, David, Brautigam, Donald, Flack, John, Goldman, Jesse M., Rashidi, Arash, Aslam, Nabeel, Haley, William, Andrawis, Nabil, Lang, Brian, Miller, Randy, Powell, James, Dewhurst, Robert, Pritchard, James, Khanna, Dinesh, Tang, Dennis, Gabra, Nashwa, Park, Jean, Jones, Conigliaro, Scott, Cranford, Luna, Blanca, Mussaji, Murtaza, Bhagwat, Ravi, Bauer, Michael, McGinty, John, Nambiar, Rajesh, Sangrigoli, Renee, Ross Davis, William, Eaves, William, McGrew, Frank, Awad, Ahmed, Bolster, Eric, Scott, David, Kalirao, Paramjit, Dabel, Pascal, Calhoun, Wesley, Gouge, Steven, Warren, Mark, Lawrence, Mary Katherine, Jamal, Aamir, El-Shahawy, Mohamed, Mercado, Carlos, Kumar, Jayant, Velasquez-Mieyer, Pedro, Busch, Robert, Lewis, Todd, Rich, Lisa, Schlaich, M, Bellet, M, Weber, M, Danaietash, P, Bakris, G, Flack, J, Dreier, R, Sassi-Sayadi, M, Haskell, L, Narkiewicz, K, Wang, J, Reid, C, Katz, I, Ajani, A, Biswas, S, Esler, M, Elder, G, Roger, S, Colquhoun, D, Mooney, J, De Backer, T, Persu, A, Chaumont, M, Krzesinski, J, Vanabsche, T, Girard, G, Pliamm, L, Schiffrin, E, Merali, F, Dresser, G, Vallee, M, Jolly, S, Chow, S, Mu, J, Yu, J, Yuan, H, Feng, Y, Zhang, X, Xie, J, Lin, L, Soucek, M, Widimsky, J, Cifkova, R, Vaclavik, J, Ullrych, M, Lukac, M, Rychlik, I, Guldager Lauridsen, T, Kantola, I, Taurio, J, Ukkola, O, Ormezzano, O, Gosse, P, Azizi, M, Courand, P, Delsart, P, Tartiere, J, Mahfoud, F, Schmieder, R, Stegbauer, J, Lurz, P, Koziolek, M, Ott, C, Toursarkissian, N, Tsioufis, K, Kyfnidis, K, Manolis, A, Patsilinakos, S, Zebekakis, P, Karavidas, A, Denes, P, Bezzegh, K, Zsom, M, Kovacs, L, Sharabi, Y, Elias, M, Sukholutsky, I, Yosefy, C, Kenis, I, Atar, S, Volpe, M, Lorenza, M, Taddei, S, Grassi, G, Veglio, F, Son, J, Kim, J, Park, J, Lee, C, Lee, H, Raugaliene, R, Marcinkeviciene, J, Kavaliauskiene, R, Deinum, J, Kroon, A, van den Born, B, Januszewicz, A, Tykarski, A, Walczewska, J, Gaciong, Z, Wiecek, A, Chrostowska, M, Kleinrok, A, Krekora, J, Kania, G, Podrazka-Szczepaniak, A, Golawski, C, Podziewski, M, Kaczmarek, B, Skoczylas, G, Wilkolaski, A, Wozniak, I, Janik-Palazzolo, M, Rewerska, B, Konradi, A, Shvarts, Y, Pecherina, T, Nikolaev, K, Liudmila, G, Orlikova, O, Mordovin, V, Petrochenkova, N, Kamalov, G, Kosmacheva, E, Tyrenko, V, Gorbunov, V, Obrezan, A, Supryadkina, T, Ler, I, Kotenko, O, Kuzin, A, Martinez, F, Redon, J, Oliveras, A, Beltran Romero, L, Shatylo, V, Rudenko, L, Bazylevych, A, Rudyk, Y, Karpenko, O, Stanislavchuk, M, Tseluyko, V, Kushnir, M, Asanov, E, Sirenko, Y, Yagensky, A, Collier, D, Gupta, P, Webb, D, Macleod, M, Mclay, J, Peace, A, Arora, S, Buchanan, P, Harris, R, Degarmo, R, Guillen, M, Karns, A, Neutel, J, Paliwal, Y, Pettis, K, Toth, P, Wayne, J, Butcher, B, Diller, P, Oparil, S, Calhoun, D, Brautigam, D, Goldman, J, Rashidi, A, Aslam, N, Haley, W, Andrawis, N, Lang, B, Miller, R, Powell, J, Dewhurst, R, Pritchard, J, Khanna, D, Tang, D, Gabra, N, Jones, C, Scott, C, Luna, B, Mussaji, M, Bhagwat, R, Bauer, M, Mcginty, J, Nambiar, R, Sangrigoli, R, Ross Davis, W, Eaves, W, Mcgrew, F, Awad, A, Bolster, E, Scott, D, Kalirao, P, Dabel, P, Calhoun, W, Gouge, S, Warren, M, Lawrence, M, Jamal, A, El-Shahawy, M, Mercado, C, Kumar, J, Velasquez-Mieyer, P, Busch, R, Lewis, T, Rich, L, Schlaich, Markus P, Bellet, Marc, Weber, Michael A, Danaietash, Parisa, Bakris, George L, Flack, John M, Dreier, Roland F, Sassi-Sayadi, Mouna, Haskell, Lloyd P, Narkiewicz, Krzysztof, Wang, Ji-Guang, Reid, Christopher, Schlaich, Markus, Katz, Ivor, Ajani, Andrew, Biswas, Sinjini, Esler, Murray, Elder, Grahame, Roger, Simon, Colquhoun, David, Mooney, John, De Backer, Tine, Persu, Alexandre, Chaumont, Martin, Krzesinski, Jean-Marie, Vanabsche, Thomas, Girard, Ginette, Pliamm, Lew, Schiffrin, Ernesto, Merali, Fatima, Dresser, George, Vallee, Michel, Jolly, Shivinder, Chow, Stephen, Wang, Jiguang, Mu, Jianjun, Yu, Jing, Yuan, Hong, Feng, Yingqing, Zhang, Xin, Xie, Jianhong, Lin, Ling, Soucek, Miroslav, Widimsky, Jiri, Cifkova, Renata, Vaclavik, Jan, Ullrych, Martin, Lukac, Martin, Rychlik, Ivan, Guldager Lauridsen, Thomas, Kantola, Ilkka, Taurio, Jyrki, Ukkola, Olavi, Ormezzano, Olivier, Gosse, Philippe, Azizi, Michel, Courand, Pierre-Yves, Delsart, Pascal, Tartiere, Jean Michel, Mahfoud, Felix, Schmieder, Roland, Stegbauer, Johannes, Lurz, Philipp, Koziolek, Michael, Ott, Christian, Toursarkissian, Nicole, Tsioufis, Konstantinos, Kyfnidis, Konstantinos, Manolis, Athanasios, Patsilinakos, Sotirios, Zebekakis, Pantelis, Karavidas, Apostolos, Denes, Pall, Bezzegh, Katalin, Zsom, Marianna, Kovacs, Laszlo, Sharabi, Yehonatan, Elias, Mazen, Sukholutsky, Ivetta, Yosefy, Chaim, Kenis, Irina, Atar, Shaul, Volpe, Massimo, Lorenza, Muiesan Maria, Taddei, Stefano, Grassi, Guido, Veglio, Franco, Son, Jung Woo, Kim, Jang-Young, Park, Joong-Il, Lee, Chang Hoon, Lee, Hae-Young, Raugaliene, Rasa, Marcinkeviciene, Jolanta Elena, Kavaliauskiene, Roma, Deinum, Jaap, Kroon, Abraham, van den Born, Bert-Jan, Januszewicz, Andrzej, Tykarski, Andrzej, Walczewska, Jolanta, Gaciong, Zbigniew, Wiecek, Andrzej, Chrostowska, Marzena, Kleinrok, Andrzej, Krekora, Jan, Kania, Grzegorz, Podrazka-Szczepaniak, Anna, Golawski, Cezary, Podziewski, Maciej, Kaczmarek, Barbara, Skoczylas, Grzegorz, Wilkolaski, Andrzej, Wozniak, Iwona, Janik-Palazzolo, Marzena, Rewerska, Barbara, Konradi, Alexandra, Shvarts, Yuriy, Pecherina, Tamara, Nikolaev, Konstantin, Liudmila, Gapon, Orlikova, Olga, Mordovin, Viktor, Petrochenkova, Natalia, Kamalov, Gadel, Kosmacheva, Elena, Tyrenko, Vadim, Gorbunov, Vladimir, Obrezan, Andrey, Supryadkina, Tatiana, Ler, Irina, Kotenko, Oleg, Kuzin, Anatoly, Martinez, Fernando, Redon, Josep, Oliveras, Anna, Beltran Romero, Luis, Shatylo, Valerii, Rudenko, Leonid, Bazylevych, Andriiy, Rudyk, Yurii, Karpenko, Oleksandr, Stanislavchuk, Mykola, Tseluyko, Vira, Kushnir, Mykola, Asanov, Ervin, Sirenko, Yuriy, Yagensky, Andriy, Collier, David, Gupta, Pankaj, Webb, David, MacLeod, Mary, McLay, James, Peace, Aaron, Arora, Samir, Buchanan, Patricia, Harris, Robert, Degarmo, Ronald, Guillen, Mario, Karns, Adam, Neutel, Joel, Paliwal, Yogesh, Pettis, Karlton, Toth, Phillip D., Wayne, Jeffrey M., Butcher, Bain, Diller, Phillip M., Oparil, Suzanne, Calhoun, David, Brautigam, Donald, Flack, John, Goldman, Jesse M., Rashidi, Arash, Aslam, Nabeel, Haley, William, Andrawis, Nabil, Lang, Brian, Miller, Randy, Powell, James, Dewhurst, Robert, Pritchard, James, Khanna, Dinesh, Tang, Dennis, Gabra, Nashwa, Park, Jean, Jones, Conigliaro, Scott, Cranford, Luna, Blanca, Mussaji, Murtaza, Bhagwat, Ravi, Bauer, Michael, McGinty, John, Nambiar, Rajesh, Sangrigoli, Renee, Ross Davis, William, Eaves, William, McGrew, Frank, Awad, Ahmed, Bolster, Eric, Scott, David, Kalirao, Paramjit, Dabel, Pascal, Calhoun, Wesley, Gouge, Steven, Warren, Mark, Lawrence, Mary Katherine, Jamal, Aamir, El-Shahawy, Mohamed, Mercado, Carlos, Kumar, Jayant, Velasquez-Mieyer, Pedro, Busch, Robert, Lewis, Todd, and Rich, Lisa

Abstract

Background: Resistant hypertension is associated with increased cardiovascular risk. The endothelin pathway has been implicated in the pathogenesis of hypertension, but it is currently not targeted therapeutically, thereby leaving this relevant pathophysiological pathway unopposed with currently available drugs. The aim of the study was to assess the blood pressure lowering efficacy of the dual endothelin antagonist aprocitentan in patients with resistant hypertension. Methods: PRECISION was a multicentre, blinded, randomised, parallel-group, phase 3 study, which was done in hospitals or research centres in Europe, North America, Asia, and Australia. Patients were eligible for randomisation if their sitting systolic blood pressure was 140 mm Hg or higher despite taking standardised background therapy consisting of three antihypertensive drugs, including a diuretic. The study consisted of three sequential parts: part 1 was the 4-week double-blind, randomised, and placebo-controlled part, in which patients received aprocitentan 12·5 mg, aprocitentan 25 mg, or placebo in a 1:1:1 ratio; part 2 was a 32-week single (patient)-blind part, in which all patients received aprocitentan 25 mg; and part 3 was a 12-week double-blind, randomised, and placebo-controlled withdrawal part, in which patients were re-randomised to aprocitentan 25 mg or placebo in a 1:1 ratio. The primary and key secondary endpoints were changes in unattended office systolic blood pressure from baseline to week 4 and from withdrawal baseline to week 40, respectively. Secondary endpoints included 24-h ambulatory blood pressure changes. The study is registered on ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03541174. Findings: The PRECISION study was done from June 18, 2018, to April 25, 2022. 1965 individuals were screened and 730 were randomly assigned. Of these 730 patients, 704 (96%) completed part 1 of the study; of these, 613 (87%) completed part 2 and, of these, 577 (94%) completed part 3 of the study. The least square m

Published
2022

28. Islet Autoimmunity is Highly Prevalent and Associated With Diminished β-Cell Function in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes in the Grade Study

Author

Brooks-Worrell, Barbara, primary, Hampe, Christiane S., primary, Hattery, Erica G., primary, Palomino, Brenda, primary, Zangeneh, Sahar Z., primary, Utzschneider, Kristina, primary, Kahn, Steven E., primary, Larkin, Mary E., primary, Johnson, Mary L., primary, Mather, Kieren J., primary, Younes, Naji, primary, Rasouli, Neda, primary, Desouza, Cyrus, primary, Cohen, Robert M., primary, Park, Jean Y., primary, Florez, Hermes J., primary, Valencia, Willy Marcos, primary, Network, GRADE Beta-cell Ancillary Study, primary, Shojaie, Ali, primary, Palmer, Jerry P., primary, Balasubramanyam, Ashok, primary, and Group, GRADE Research, primary

Published
2022
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32. Exiled Envoys: Korean Students in New York City, 1907-1937

Author

Park, Jean H.

Subjects
Koreans--Education, History, Asian Americans, Education history, College students--Political activity, Japanese Occupation of Korea (1910-1945)
Abstract

This dissertation follows the activism of Korean students in New York City and the trajectory of their American education as it applied to Korea’s colonization under the Empire of Japan. As a focused historical account of the educational experiences of Korean students in New York from 1907 to 1937, this dissertation uses archival evidence from their associations, correspondence, publications, and the institutions they studied at to construct a transnational narrative that positions the Korean students operating within and outside the confines of their colonial experience. The following dissertation answers how the Korean students applied their American education and experiences to the Korean independence movement, and emphasizes the interplay of colonization, religion, and American universities in contouring the students’ activism and hopes for a liberated Korea.

Published
2021
Full Text
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38. Islet Autoimmunity is Highly Prevalent and Associated With Diminished Beta-Cell Function in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes in the Grade Study

Author

Brooks-Worrell, Barbara, primary, Hampe, Christiane S., additional, Hattery, Erica G., additional, Palomino, Brenda, additional, Zangeneh, Sahar Z., additional, Utzschneider, Kristina, additional, Kahn, Steven E., additional, Larkin, Mary E., additional, Johnson, Mary L., additional, Mather, Kieren J., additional, Younes, Naji, additional, Rasouli, Neda, additional, Desouza, Cyrus, additional, Cohen, Robert M., additional, Park, Jean Y., additional, Florez, Hermes J., additional, Valencia, Willy Marcos, additional, Network, GRADE Beta-cell Ancillary Study, additional, Shojaie, Ali, additional, Palmer, Jerry P., additional, Balasubramanyam, Ashok, additional, and Group, GRADE Research, additional

Published
2021
Full Text
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39. Carotenoid action on the immune response

Author

Chew, Boon P. and Park, Jean Soon

Subjects
Carotenoids -- Health aspects, Carotenoids -- Research, Immune system -- Research, Food/cooking/nutrition
Abstract

Early studies demonstrating the ability of dietary carotenes to prevent infections have left open the possibility that the action of these carotenoids may be through their prior conversion to vitamin A. Subsequent studies to demonstrate the specific action of dietary carotenoids have used carotenoids without provitamin A activity such as lutein, canthaxanthin, lycopene and astaxanthin. In fact, these nonprovitamin A carotenoids were as active, and at times more active, than [beta]-carotene in enhancing cell-mediated and humoral immune response in animals and humans. Another approach to study the possible specific role of dietary carotenoids has used animals that are inefficient converters of carotenoids to vitamin A, for example the domestic cat. Results have similarly shown immuno-enhancement by nonprovitamin A carotenoids, based either on the relative activity or on the type of immune response affected compared to [beta]-carotene. Certain carotenoids, acting as antioxidants, can potentially reduce the toxic effects of reactive oxygen species (ROS). These ROS, and therefore carotenoids, have been implicated in the etiology of diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases and aging. Recent studies on the role of carotenoids in gene regulation, apoptosis and angiogenesis have advanced our knowledge on the possible mechanism by which carotenoids regulate immune function and cancer. KEY WORDS: * antioxidants * carotenoids * immunity

Published
2004

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