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This study examines whether perceived severity of fake news and news media skepticism separately and/or jointly explain the use of and trust in fact-checkers. Drawing upon a survey of 2350 US adults, this study finds that perceived severity of fake news has a positive relation with fact-checker use and trust in fact-checkers. News media skepticism is positively, but marginally, associated with fact-checker use. The results show that people use fact-checkers more because they are worried about the potential harms of fake news rather than because they are disappointed by news media's performance. This study also finds that news media skepticism strengthens the association between perceived severity of fake news and fact-checker use. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Drawing upon the newsworthiness model that posits that media outlets rely on criteria (news values) to determine which stories are newsworthy and deserve prominence and the media coverage predicts audience attention to the event, this study examines the news values that lead social media users to like, comment on, and share mainstream news stories on Facebook. A content analysis of 2480 articles from three major news newspapers in South Korea (Chosun, Hankook and Hankyoreh) found that news stories of higher social significance are more common than news stories of higher deviance on the Facebook pages of the three news outlets. Although audiences comment on news stories of higher social significance more frequently than stories of higher deviance, they hit more 'likes' on news stories of higher deviance. The results are mixed for sharing – for the conservative Chosun 's Facebook page, stories of higher deviance were more often shared than stories of higher social significance, while the opposite pattern occurred with the moderate Hankook and liberal Hankyoreh. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article provides a framing analysis of media coverage of minimum wage between public and commercial broadcasters in South Korea. To do this, the current study content analyzed 1505 news reports about "minimum wage" aired by two public television broadcasters and two commercial television broadcasters in 2018. The analysis finds that both public and commercial broadcasters directed citizens' attention to the new policy's collective harms framed as "increasing unemployment" and "harms to the economy," while deemphasizing the particularistic benefits of the minimum wage increase and the resulting reduction of inequality gap between the rich and the poor. Further, all the broadcasters have not provided citizens with enough information necessary for a balanced assessment of the pros and cons of the minimum wage increase. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, we address the problem of delayed query processing raised by tree-based index structures in wireless broadcast environments, which increases the access time of mobile clients. We propose a novel distributed index structure and a clustering strategy for streaming XML data that enables energy and latency-efficient broadcasting of XML data. We first define the DIX node structure to implement a fully distributed index structure which contains the tag name, attributes, and text content of an element, as well as its corresponding indices. By exploiting the index information in the DIX node stream, a mobile client can access the stream with shorter latency. We also suggest a method of clustering DIX nodes in the stream, which can further enhance the performance of query processing in the mobile clients. Through extensive experiments, we demonstrate that our approach is effective for wireless broadcasting of XML data and outperforms the previous methods. Keywords: Indexing, Query Processing, Wireless Technologies, XML, INTRODUCTION As wireless communication technologies are rapidly gaining in popularity, the mobile computing paradigm has been realized in the industry, where mobile clients communicate by using hand-held devices such as [...]

To examine whether mass media and social media relate to political knowledge, the study draws upon an original survey of adults from 11 countries, the 2014 CESifo DICE Report on public service broadcasting, and the 2015 Press Freedom Index by Freedom House. Findings reveal that news use via television, newspapers, online news sites, and social media is positively associated with political knowledge. Furthermore, press freedom and strong public broadcasting strengthen the association between news use (via both mass and social media) and political knowledge. The findings suggest that the media system plays a crucial role in creating a political learning environment even in this social media age. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]