Author: "Parisa Torabi" - Searchworks@Jio Institute Digital Library Search Results

43 results on '"Parisa Torabi"'

1. Prevalence of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli associated with outbreaks of food-borne gastroenteritis in Tehran

Author: Mohammad Mehdi Soltan Dallal, Zahra Rajabi, Moslem Papizadeh, Samaneh Amiri, Abbas Rahimi Foroushani, Ahmad Naser, Seyedeh Zohre Mirbagheri, Hossein Masoumi-Asl, Parisa Torabi, and Mehrnaz Mirza Babaei
Subjects: beta-lactamase, clavulanic acid, drug-resistant pathogens, food-borne infections, gastroenteritis symptoms, klebsiella pneumonia, Medicine
Abstract: The prevalence of antibiotic resistance has been demonstrated in various food-borne pathogens. Beta-lactam antibiotics are among the first-line antimicrobials that are normally administered in case of gastrointestinal infections. However, Escherichia coli (E. coli) and some other members of Enterobacteriaceae have indicated broad resistance against such antibiotics thanks to extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) enzymes. In this research, 216 stool samples have been screened for ESBL-producing E. coli, using phenotypic antibiotic susceptibility tests. ESBL-producing E. coli isolates were further screened for the presence of antibiotic-resistance genes CTX-M, SHV, and TEM. Our isolation experiments resulted in 111 E. coli isolates among which 41 (36.9%) isolates were found as ESBL. Also, 51.2% of the above ESBL isolates harbored blaTEM. Furthermore, 18 (43.9%) and 2 (4.9%) of those ESBL isolates had blaCTX-M and blaSHV genes, respectively. Our results revealed a detectable prevalence of ESBL E. coli in stool samples collected during food outbreaks. Results of such researches can guide how to control the distribution of drug-resistant pathogens in various environments. In this line, the considerable prevalence of ESBL E. coli seems to have originated from the wide administration of various beta-lactam antibiotics.
Published: 2024
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2. Prevalence and Characteristics of Yersinia Enterocolitica and Yersinia Pseudotuberculosis from Raw Milk Supplied in Tehran

Author: Sara Sharifi Yazdi, Behzad Mobasseri, Parisa Torabi Bonab, Sina Sharifi Yazdi, Zohre Mirbagheri, and Mohammad Mehdi Soltan Dallal
Subjects: yersinia enterocolitica, yersinia pseudotuberculosis, milk, diarrhea, Agriculture, Nutrition. Foods and food supply, TX341-641
Abstract: Background: Foodborne diseases are caused by eating contaminated food. Yersinia species are among the bacteria involved in food contamination, such as meat, poultry, vegetables, and milk. This study aims to investigate the prevalence and characteristics of Yersinia enterocolitica and Yersinia pseudotuberculosis from raw milk in Tehran. Methods: In this study, 360 samples of raw milk were collected from farms around Tehran and examined according to the FDA method. Then, 25 ml of milk samples were added to 225 ml of Peptone Sorbitol Bile Broth and kept for 10 days at 4 °C for enrichment. After 10 days, 0.5 ml of the sample was added to 0.5 ml of 0.72% KOH solution and 0.54% NaCl. After 30 sec, it was cultured in the selected Cefsulodin-Irgasan-Novobiocin agar (CINagar) medium to remove the normal flora. The plates were stored for 48 h at 28 °C. The suspected Bull's eye colonies were purified and phenotyping tests were carried out on the selected colony. The 20 E API kits were used for confirming identification. Results: From 360 raw milk samples, 4 Yersinia isolates (1.1%) including one Y. pseudotuberculosis (0.27%) and three Y. enterocolitica (0.83%) were isolated. In addition to Yersinia, other bacteria such as Klebsiella, Serratia, Citrobacter, and Providencia were isolated from milk samples. Conclusion: The findings showed that clean tap water and healthy cattle in livestock can be effective in preventing Yersinia contamination. Lack of personal and environmental hygiene could cause food contamination by Yersinia and other intestinal bacteria leading to gastrointestinal infections.
Published: 2023

3. Prevention and control of non-communicable diseases in iran: the case for Investment

Author: Mahmood Yousefi, Ilker Dastan, Farbod Alinezhad, Mansour Ranjbar, Christoph Hamelmann, Afshin Ostovar, Alireza Moghisi, Sima Mohammadi, Awad Mataria, Asmus Hammerich, Slim Slama, Nasim Pourghazian, Alireza Mahdavi Hezaveh, Behzad Valizadeh, Parisa Torabi, Mehdi Najmi, Mohammad Moradi, Alieh Hodjatzadeh, and Fatemeh Keshvari-Shad
Subjects: Return on investment, Non-communicable diseases, Policy intervention, Clinical intervention, Cost, burden, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract: Abstract Background Non-communicable diseases are imposing a considerable burden on Iran. This study aims to assess the Return on Investment (ROI) for implementation of Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) prevention program in Iran. Methods Four disease groups including cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, cancer, and respiratory diseases were included in our ROI analysis. The study followed four steps: 1) Estimating the total economic burden of NCDs using the Cost-of-Illness approach. 2) Estimating the total costs of implementing clinical and preventive interventions using an ingredient based costing at delivering level and a program costing method at central level.3) Calculating health impacts and economic benefits of interventions using the impact measures of avoided incidence, avoided mortality, healthy life years (HLYs) gained, and avoided direct treatment costs. 4) Calculating the ROI for each intervention in 5- and 15- year time horizons. Results The total economic burden of NCDs to the Iranian economy was IRR 838.49 trillion per year (2018), which was equivalent to 5% of the country’s annual Gross Domestic Product (GDP). The package of NCD will lead to 549 000 deaths averted and 2 370 000 healthy life years gained over 15 years, and, financially, Iranian economy will gain IRR 542.22 trillion over 15 years. The highest ROI was observed for the package of physical activity interventions, followed by the interventions addressing salt, tobacco package and clinical interventions. Conclusions NCDs in Iran are causing a surge in health care costs and are contributing to reduced productivity. Those actions to prevent NCDs in Iran, as well as yielding to a notable health impact, are giving a good economic return to the society. This study underscores an essential need for establishment of a national multi-sectorial NCD coordination mechanism to bring together and strengthen existing cross-agency initiatives on NCDs.
Published: 2022
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4. A multi-centre survey on hospital malnutrition: result of PNSI study

Author: Somayeh Poudineh, Forough Shayesteh, Jamshid Kermanchi, Ali-Akbar Haghdoost, Parisa Torabi, Yahya Pasdar, Mohsen Azimi-Nezhad, Mohammad Safarian, Majid Hajifaraji, Saeed Eslami-Hasan-Abadi, Omid Pournik, Bahareh Barkhidarian, and Abdolreza Norouzy
Subjects: Prevalence, Malnutrition, Subjective global assessment, Nutrition. Foods and food supply, TX341-641, Nutritional diseases. Deficiency diseases, RC620-627
Abstract: Abstract Background Disease-related malnutrition is associated with adverse outcomes such as increased rates of morbidity and mortality, prolonged hospital stay, and extra costs of health care. This study was conducted to assess nutritional status among patients and to determine the risk factors for malnutrition in Iran university f. Methods Persian Nutritional Survey In Hospitals (PNSI) was a cross-sectional study that conducted in 20 university hospitals across Iran. All the patients with age range of 18 to 65 years, who were admitted or discharged, were assessed by subjective global assessment (SGA). Results In total, 2109 patients were evaluated for malnutrition. Mean values of age and body mass index were 44.68 ± 14.65 years and 25.44 ± 6.25 kg/m2, respectively. Malnutrition (SGA-B & C) was identified in 23.92% of the patients, 26.23 and 21% of whom were among the admitted and discharged patients, respectively. The highest prevalence of malnutrition was in burns (77.70%) and heart surgery (57.84%) patients. Multivariate analysis presented male gender (OR = 1.02, P
Published: 2021
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5. Underlying hemodynamic differences are associated with responses to tilt testing

Author: Artur Fedorowski, Giulia Rivasi, Parisa Torabi, Madeleine Johansson, Martina Rafanelli, Irene Marozzi, Alice Ceccofiglio, Niccolò Casini, Viktor Hamrefors, Andrea Ungar, Brian Olshansky, Richard Sutton, Michele Brignole, and Gianfranco Parati
Subjects: Medicine, Science
Abstract: Abstract Aim of this study was to explore whether differences in resting hemodynamic parameters may be associated with tilt test results in unexplained syncope. We analyzed age, gender, systolic (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and heart rate (HR) by merging three large databases of patients considered likely to be of vasovagal reflex etiology, comparing patients who had tilt-induced reflex response with those who did not. Tilt-induced reflex response was defined as spontaneous symptom reproduction with characteristic hypotension and bradycardia. Relationship of demographics and baseline supine BP to tilt-test were assessed using logistic regression models. Individual records of 5236 patients (45% males; mean age: 60 ± 22 years; 32% prescribed antihypertensive therapy) were analyzed. Tilt-positive (n = 3129, 60%) vs tilt-negative patients had lower SBP (127.2 ± 17.9 vs 129.7 ± 18.0 mmHg, p
Published: 2021
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6. Classical and Delayed Orthostatic Hypotension in Patients With Unexplained Syncope and Severe Orthostatic Intolerance

Author: Parisa Torabi, Fabrizio Ricci, Viktor Hamrefors, Richard Sutton, and Artur Fedorowski
Subjects: orthostatic hypotension, syncope, catecholamines, arginine vasopressin, tilt-table test, Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system, RC666-701
Abstract: Background: Orthostatic hypotension (OH) is a major sign of cardiovascular autonomic failure leading to orthostatic intolerance and syncope. Orthostatic hypotension is traditionally divided into classical OH (cOH) and delayed OH (dOH), but the differences between the two variants are not well-studied. We performed a systematic clinical and neuroendocrine characterization of OH patients in a tertiary syncope unit.Methods: Among 2,167 consecutive patients (1,316 women, 60.7%; age, 52.6 ± 21.0 years) evaluated for unexplained syncope and severe orthostatic intolerance with standardized cardiovascular autonomic tests including head-up tilt (HUT), we identified those with a definitive diagnosis of cOH and dOH. We analyzed patients' history, clinical characteristics, hemodynamic variables, and plasma levels of epinephrine, norepinephrine, C-terminal-pro-arginine-vasopressin (CT-proAVP), C-terminal-endothelin-1, mid-regional-fragment of pro-atrial-natriuretic-peptide and pro-adrenomedullin in the supine position and at 3-min HUT.Results: We identified 248 cOH and 336 dOH patients (27% of the entire cohort); 111 cOH and 152 dOH had blood samples collected in the supine position and at 3-min HUT. Compared with dOH, cOH patients were older (68 vs. 60 years, p < 0.001), more often male (56.9 vs. 39.6%, p < 0.001), had higher systolic blood pressure (141 vs. 137 mmHg, p = 0.05), had lower estimated glomerular filtration rate (73 vs. 80 ml/min/1.73 m2, p = 0.003), more often pathologic Valsalva maneuver (86 vs. 49 patients, p < 0.001), pacemaker-treated arrhythmia (5 vs. 2%, p = 0.04), Parkinson's disease (5 vs. 1%, p = 0.008) and reported less palpitations before syncope (16 vs. 29%, p = 0.001). Supine and standing levels of CT-proAVP were higher in cOH (p = 0.022 and p < 0.001, respectively), whereas standing norepinephrine was higher in dOH (p = 0.001). After 3-min HUT, increases in epinephrine (p < 0.001) and CT-proAVP (p = 0.001) were greater in cOH, whereas norepinephrine increased more in dOH (p = 0.045).Conclusions: One-quarter of patients with unexplained syncope and severe orthostatic intolerance present orthostatic hypotension. Classical OH patients are older, more often have supine hypertension, pathologic Valsalva maneuver, Parkinson's disease, pacemaker-treated arrhythmia, and lower glomerular filtration rate. Classical OH is associated with increased vasopressin and epinephrine during HUT, but blunted increase in norepinephrine.
Published: 2020
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7. Impact of Cardiovascular Neurohormones on Onset of Vasovagal Syncope Induced by Head‐up Tilt

Author: Parisa Torabi, Fabrizio Ricci, Viktor Hamrefors, Olle Melander, Richard Sutton, David G. Benditt, and Artur Fedorowski
Subjects: autonomic function, biomarker, neurocardiology, syncope, Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system, RC666-701
Abstract: Background Vasovagal reflex is the most common form of syncope, but the pathophysiological mechanisms that initiate the reflex are not well understood. We aimed to study supine and early orthostatic levels of the neurohormones involved in control of circulatory homeostasis in relation to the onset of tilt‐induced vasovagal syncope (VVS). Methods and Results A total of 827 patients who were investigated for unexplained syncope with head‐up tilt test (HUT) and optional nitroglycerin provocation (Italian protocol) had blood samples collected while supine and after 3‐minutes of HUT. Of these, 173 (20.9%) patients developed VVS during drug‐free HUT, 161 of whom (males 44.7%; age 45±21 years) had complete data. We analyzed levels of epinephrine, norepinephrine, C‐terminal pro–arginine vasopressin, C‐terminal endothelin‐1, and midregional fragments of pro–atrial natriuretic peptide and pro‐adrenomedullin in relation to time from tilt‐up to onset of VVS. We applied a linear regression model adjusted for age and sex. The mean time to syncope was 11±7 minutes. Older age (β=0.13; SE=0.03, P
Published: 2019
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8. Risk assessment of cooking utensils role of the bacterial contamination in the hospital kitchen

Author: Monireh Majlesi Nasr, Fatemeh jabbari, Masoud Alebouyeh, Parisa Torabi, Mahdi Balvayeh, and Mohammad Reza Zali
Subjects: Bacterial contamination, Medical food, Cooking utensils, HACCP, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract: Background: Food contact surfaces are a major concern for food services facilities in controlling the spread of food borne pathogens. This study was aimed to investigate roles of food utensils in transmission of the most important bacteria associated with nosocomial infections and hospital food borne diseases in one hospital in Tehran. Materials and methods: During the three independent sampling processes, samples of common used utensils were analyzed for bacterial contamination. Through a sterile swab the samples were collected in sterile tubes and after transferring, were immediately subjected to culture on gram negative specific and general media for bacteria. Total bacterial counts of each sample were determined and their characterizations were performed by biochemical diagnostic tests according to standards methods. Results: Among the studied cooking utensils’ and food samples, the most contaminated samples were determined as samples from board and blender as 38% and 35%, respectively. The most bacteria isolated from these samples were related to species of Enterobacteriaceae, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Bacillus species that were similar to the isolates from studied food samples. Conclusion: Results of this study, in addition to high contamination rates of medical foods and utensils in their contact showed that there are significant weaknesses in proper cooking and utensils hygiene conditions in preparation and distribution of medical food in the studied hospital’s samples.
Published: 2014

9. Conditioned media from human pluripotent stem cell‐derived cardiomyocytes inhibit the growth and migration of lung cancer cells

Author: Hanieh Sadeghi, Mohamad Masoudi, Parisa Torabi, Siamak Rezaeiani, Fatemeh Movahedi, Sara Pahlavan, and Sharif Moradi
Subjects: Cell Biology, Molecular Biology, Biochemistry
Published: 2023
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10. Assurance offshore CO2 monitoring, a cross-disciplinary approach

Author: Guttorm Alendal, Jerry Blackford, Stefan Carpentier, Dorothy J. Dankel, Marius Dewar, Sufyan El Droubi, Bjarte Fagerås, Sarah E. Gasda, Anna Olyenik, Abdirahman Omar, Rajesh Pawar, Katherine Romanak, Darren Snee, Sigrid E. Schütz, and Parisa Torabi
Abstract: Formulating appropriate monitoring programs for offshore geological CO2 storage projects, from either a regulatory or operator viewpoint, is difficult to achieve without a properly quantified cost-benefit analysis of what that monitoring could and should achieve. In addition, communicating risks and uncertainties is a challenge for offshore storage projects, and tools assisting in dialogue with stakeholders, governments and public at large will be of value. The monitoring programs will have a role in communicating risks and benefits for storage projects and assure against unjustified accusations for having adverse environmental effects but cannot be seen in isolation from the multi-leveled CCUS (Carbon Capture, Usage and Storage) management systems. Evaluations of CO2 storage monitoring techniques usually aim to determine the suitability to user‐defined project scenario (e.g., IEAGHG monitoring selection tool, https://ieaghg.org/ccs-resources/monitoring-selection-tool) or to assess the availability of sensors that can measure variables that are likely to fluctuate under a seepage scenario, or processes that are sensitive to CO2-related stress. Less focus has been on how they perform relative to regulatory requirements, cost efficiency, and user friendliness. We can use observations and models to characterise the natural variability of the marine system, or the noise from which an anomalous signal must be detected. We can use models to simulate hypothetical leak events thereby defining the monitoring target(s). We have algorithms that assess the cost-benefit of a range of anomaly criteria – i.e., a signal that would provoke a more concerted monitoring campaign and finally algorithms that can derive the optimal deployment strategy – i.e., where to monitor and when. The challenge is to collate these abilities into a coherent whole, which then allows the presentation of an evaluated monitoring system that can be judged against regulatory and societal expectations. We outline the approach chosen in the ACTOM project (https://actom.w.uib.no) to develop procedures for design and execution of appropriate, rigorous, and cost-effective monitoring of offshore carbon storage, aligning industrial, societal, and regulative expectations with technological capabilities and limitations. The ACTOM toolbox is capable of simulating “what if” seep scenarios, as well as monitoring deployments, that can be used to deliver environmental impact assessments as required under the CCS (Carbon Capture and Storage) and EIA directives. As a result, recommended monitoring strategies could be delivered autonomously and be dependent on established generic operational marine simulation models, both factors reducing costs. We will demonstrate use of the toolbox on three sites in the Gulf of Mexico, in southern North Sea and off the coast of Norway, each with distinctive features and availability of data.
Published: 2023
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11. Prevalence of Antibiotic Resistance Genes in Different Salmonella Enterica Serovars Isolated from National Food Outbreaks

Author: Dallal, Mohammad Mehdi Soltan, primary, Ahmadi, Elahe, additional, Sefidan, Alireza Monadi, additional, Zarebavani, Mitra, additional, Yazdi, Sara Sharifi, additional, Nasser, Ahmad, additional, Yazdi, Sina Sharifi, additional, Bonab, Parisa Torabi, additional, Didar, Zohreh, additional, and Rajabi, Zahra, additional
Published: 2023
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12. Prevalence of Antibiotic Resistance Genes in Different Salmonella Enterica Serovars Isolated from National Food Outbreaks

Author: Mohammad Mehdi Soltan Dallal, Elahe Ahmadi, Alireza Monadi Sefidan, Mitra Zarebavani, Sara Sharifi Yazdi, Ahmad Nasser, Sina Sharifi Yazdi, Parisa Torabi Bonab, Zohreh Didar, and Zahra Rajabi
Published: 2023
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13. Ferric-induced hypophosphatemia ironed out with electrolyte replacement: a case report

Author: Rana Fareed, Abdul-Razaq Al-Shaker, Zia Muhammad, Parisa Torabi, Majd Protty, Nadia El-Farhan, Dana Ershaid, and Kofi Obuobie
Published: 2022
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14. Evaluation of Nutritional Status, Food Intake and Costs of Food Waste in Hospitalized Patients, Considering Relevant Causes and Finding Possible Solutions: Protocol of a Mixed-Method Study

Author: Razieh Anari, Bahareh Nikooyeh, Delaram Ghodsi, Tirang R. Neyestani, Parisa Torabi, and Maryam Amini
Subjects: Protocol (science), Food waste, Food intake, business.industry, Hospitalized patients, Environmental health, Medicine, Nutritional status, business
Published: 2021
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15. The Influence of Age on Cerebral Tissue Oxygenation in Vasovagal Syncope and Orthostatic Hypotension

Author: Hamrefors, Isabella Kharraziha, Parisa Torabi, Madeleine Johansson, Richard Sutton, Artur Fedorowski, and Viktor
Subjects: vasovagal syncope, orthostatic hypotension, cerebral oximetry, head-up tilt, NIRS, aging
Abstract: Age-related physiological impairment increases susceptibility to syncope. We tested the hypotheses that cerebral oxygenation during orthostatic provocation, as well as the level at which syncope occurs, differs according to age. Non-invasive hemodynamic monitoring and cerebral oximetry were applied during a head-up tilt test in 139 patients with vasovagal syncope (mean (SD) 45, (17) years, 60%-female); 121 patients with orthostatic hypotension (61.4 (19.2) years, 49.6%-female); and 82 patients with a negative head-up tilt test (45 (18) years, 61%-female). Group differences in cerebral tissue oxygenation levels and systolic blood pressure were assessed in supine at 3 and 10 min of orthostatic provocation, 30 s before (i.e., presyncopal phase) and during syncope in age groups of 60 years. During the head-up tilt test, cerebral tissue oxygenation at the presyncopal phase decreased with age, both in patients with vasovagal syncope (60: 62.2 ± 5.8%; p = 0.009) and orthostatic hypotension (60: 57.5 ± 3.9; p < 0.001). Mean systolic blood pressure at the presyncopal phase did not differ according to age. Cerebral oxygenation prior to syncope in older individuals with vasovagal syncope and orthostatic hypotension is lower compared with younger individuals independently of systolic blood pressure. This suggests that the level of cerebral oxygenation at which syncope is elected is lower in older individuals.
Published: 2022
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16. The influence of age on cerebral tissue oxygenation in vasovagal syncope and orthostatic hypotension

Author: Isabella Kharraziha, Parisa Torabi, Madeleine Johansson, Richard Sutton, Artur Fedorowski, and Viktor Hamrefors
Subjects: orthostatic hypotension, vasovagal syncope, NIRS, head-up tilt, aging, cerebral oximetry, 1103 Clinical Sciences
Abstract: Age-related physiological impairment increases susceptibility to syncope. We tested the hypotheses that cerebral oxygenation during orthostatic provocation, as well as the level at which syncope occurs, differs according to age. Non-invasive hemodynamic monitoring and cerebral oximetry were applied during a head-up tilt test in 139 patients with vasovagal syncope (mean (SD) 45, (17) years, 60%-female); 121 patients with orthostatic hypotension (61.4 (19.2) years, 49.6%-female); and 82 patients with a negative head-up tilt test (45 (18) years, 61%-female). Group differences in cerebral tissue oxygenation levels and systolic blood pressure were assessed in supine at 3 and 10 min of orthostatic provocation, 30 s before (i.e., presyncopal phase) and during syncope in age groups of 60 years. During the head-up tilt test, cerebral tissue oxygenation at the presyncopal phase decreased with age, both in patients with vasovagal syncope (60: 62.2 ± 5.8%; p = 0.009) and orthostatic hypotension (60: 57.5 ± 3.9; p < 0.001). Mean systolic blood pressure at the presyncopal phase did not differ according to age. Cerebral oxygenation prior to syncope in older individuals with vasovagal syncope and orthostatic hypotension is lower compared with younger individuals independently of systolic blood pressure. This suggests that the level of cerebral oxygenation at which syncope is elected is lower in older individuals.
Published: 2022

17. A New Method for Measuring Fabric Plain Strain Using the Gray-Scale Intensity Index of Image

Author: Emad Owlia, S. M. Bidoki, Parisa Torabi, and Mohammad Javad Abghary
Subjects: Surface (mathematics), Materials science, Polymers and Plastics, Pixel, General Chemical Engineering, technology, industry, and agriculture, food and beverages, Geometry, 02 engineering and technology, General Chemistry, 010402 general chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 01 natural sciences, Measure (mathematics), Grayscale, 0104 chemical sciences, Buckling, parasitic diseases, Line (geometry), Ultimate tensile strength, sense organs, 0210 nano-technology, Intensity (heat transfer)
Abstract: Every part in a fabric is affected by various forces and strains to accommodate three dimensional objects. When a fabric is stretched, its constituent yarns can be stretched, thinned or displaced. A change in size of pores in a fabric can also result in different reflections of light. The present study is an attempt to measure the longitudinal and lateral strains on a fabric with warp and weft by evaluating the number of pixels of a certain line in the images before and after a strain. It also investigates the intensity of the gray scale of an image as an index of strain on a fabric surface when stretched at warp, weft and 45 degrees (Bias). The results indicate that gray surface intensity is affected by the space between the yarns in a fabric, and can be used as a suitable index for the changes in the surface of a fabric. It is suggested that the proposed method, by employing only a few simple tensile tests, can explain, through fitting an equation, the relationship between the strain obtained by the change in the number of pixels and the changes in the intensity of the gray surface. The gray scale intensity index of an image can be used to measure the longitudinal and lateral strains of parts in a fabric in a three dimensional shape (before buckling).
Published: 2021
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18. Shiga toxin-producing bacteria as emerging enteric pathogens associated with outbreaks of foodborne illness in the Islamic Republic of Iran

Author: Zahra Hasani, Mohammad Mehdi Gouya, Babak Eshrati, Marjan Rahnamaye Farzami, Seyed Reza Mohebbi, Mohammad Reza Zali, Fahimeh Sadat Ghoalm Mostafaei, Elahe Tajeddin, Mohammad Rahbar, Leila Ganji, Masoumeh Azimirad, Siamak Mirab Samiee, Parisa Torabi, Nooshin Aghili, and Masoud Alebouyeh
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, 030106 microbiology, Virulence, Iran, medicine.disease_cause, Disease Outbreaks, Shiga Toxin, Microbiology, Foodborne Diseases, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Escherichia coli, medicine, Humans, Shigella, 030212 general & internal medicine, Escherichia coli Infections, Citrobacter, biology, Escherichia coli Proteins, Outbreak, Shiga toxin, General Medicine, Enterobacter, biology.organism_classification, biology.protein, Bacteria
Abstract: Detection of the cause of diarrhoeal diseases is important for the management of the outbreaks.This study investigated the prevalence of Shiga toxin-producing bacteria in stool samples of patients with diarrhoea associated with outbreaks of foodborne illness in the Islamic Republic of Iran.A total of 532 stool and rectal swab samples from 70 sporadic outbreaks during May 2014 to August 2015 were examined for infection with Shiga toxin-producing bacteria. The isolates were examined for carriage of the virulence genes stxE. coli, Shigella spp., Citrobacter spp., Enterobacter spp., Klebsiella spp. and other enteric bacteria were detected in 77.7% (376/484), 5.0% (24/484), 3.9% (19/484), 0.4% (2/484), 3.7% (18/484) and 9.3% (45/484) of the samples respectively. Of the 196 sorbitol-negative E. coli strains, 3 (1.5%) carried the stxShiga toxin-producing Citrobacter spp. strains should be considered as a newly emerging foodborne pathogen in outbreaks.الجراثيم التي تفرز سُم الشيجا بوصفها أحد مُسببات الأمراض المعوية المُستجدَّة التي تقترن بظهور فاشيات للأمراض المنقولة بالأغذية في جمهورية إيران الإسلامية.إلهه تاج الدين، ليلى جانجي، زهراء حساني، فهيمة السادات غلام مصطفائي، معصومة عظيمي راد، باريسا ترابي، سيد رضا محببي، نوشين أغيلي، محمد جويا، بابك عشراتي، محمد رهبر، صيامك میراب سميعي، مرجان رهنمای فرزامي، محمد رضا زالي، مسعود آليبويا.من الضروري اكتشاف سبب أمراض الإسهال من أجل إدارة فاشيات هذه الأمراض حال حدوثها.هدفت هذه الدراسة إلى تحري مدى انتشار الجراثيم التي تفرز سُم الشيجا في عينات البراز المأخوذة من المرضى المصابين بالإسهال المقترن بفاشيات الأمراض المنقولة بالأغذية في جمهورية إيران الإسلامية.خلال الفترة من مايو/ أيار 2014 إلى أغسطس/ آب 2015، بلغ مجموع عينات البراز والمسحات من المستقيم المأخوذة من 70 فاشيةً متفرقة، والتي فُحِصت لمعرفة إذا كانت مصابة بالجراثيم التي تفرز سُم الشيجا، 532 عينةً. وفُحصت المعزولات للتعرف على نقل سُم الشيجا للجينات المسؤولة عن الشدة الفيروسية، وعلى سُم الشيجا الموجود في جميع المعزولات وسلالات eae/ehxA في الإشريكية القولونية.اكتُشف في العينات وجود: الإشريكية القولونية، والشيجيلا بأنواعها، والسيتروباكتر بأنواعها، والانتروباكتر بأنواعها، والكلبسيلة بأنواعها، وغيرها من الجراثيم المعوية بنسبة 77.7٪ (376/ 484)، و5.0٪ (24 / 484)، و3.9٪ (19 / 484)، و0.4٪ (2 / 484)، و3.7٪ (18 / 484)، و9.3٪ (45 / 484)، على التوالي. ومن بين سلالات الإشريكية القولونية التي جاءت نتيجة إصابتها بالسوربيتول سلبية وعددها 196 سلالة، كانت 3 منها (1.5٪) تحمل جين سُم الشيجا، كما هو الحال بالنسبة لاثنتين من سلالات السيتروباكتر البالغ عددها 19 سلالة (10.5٪).يجب أن تُعتبر سلالات السيتروباكتر بأنواعها التي تفرز سُم الشيجا من المسببات المُستجدة للأمراض المنقولة بالأغذية في الفاشيات.Les bactéries productrices de Shigatoxines en tant que nouveaux agents pathogènes entériques associés aux flambées épidémiques de maladies d’origine alimentaire en République islamique d’Iran.La détection de la cause des maladies diarrhéiques est importante pour la gestion des flambées épidémiques de ce type de maladies.La présente étude examinait la prévalence des bactéries productrices de Shigatoxines dans des échantillons de selles de patients souffrant de diarrhées associées à des flambées épidémiques de maladies d’origine alimentaire en République islamique d’Iran.Au total, 532 échantillons de selles et d’écouvillons rectaux prélevés au cours de 70 flambées sporadiques survenues entre mai 2014 et août 2015 ont été examinés pour détecter une infection par des bactéries productrices de Shigatoxines. Les isolats ont été examinés à la recherche du portage des gènes de virulence stxE. coli, Shigella spp., Citrobacter spp., Enterobacter spp., Klebsiella spp. et d’autres entérobactéries ont été détectées dans 77,7 % (376/484), 5,0 % (24/484), 3,9 % (19/484), 0,4 % (2/484), 3,7 % (18/484) et 9,3 % (45/484) des échantillons, respectivement. Sur les 196 souches d’E. coli négatives au sorbitol, trois (1,5 %) étaient porteuses du gène stxLes souches de Citrobacter spp. productrices de Shigatoxines doivent être considérées comme un nouvel agent pathogène alimentaire lors de flambées épidémiques.
Published: 2020
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19. Early and late-onset syncope: insight into mechanisms

Author: Parisa Torabi, Giulia Rivasi, Viktor Hamrefors, Andrea Ungar, Richard Sutton, Michele Brignole, and Artur Fedorowski
Subjects: YOUNGER, Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems, Syncope, Age at first syncope, Hypotension, Orthostatic, AGE, Vasovagal syncope, Tilt-Table Test, HYPOTENSION, Syncope, Vasovagal, EPIDEMIOLOGY, Humans, 1102 Cardiorespiratory Medicine and Haematology, POPULATION, OLDER, OUTCOMES, Science & Technology, Incidence, FALLS, 1103 Clinical Sciences, PREVALENCE, Ageing, Head-up tilt test, Cardiovascular System & Hematology, Cardiovascular System & Cardiology, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, Life Sciences & Biomedicine
Abstract: AIMS: Unexplained syncope is an important clinical challenge. The influence of age at first syncope on the final syncope diagnosis is not well studied. METHODS AND RESULTS: Consecutive head-up tilt patients (n = 1928) evaluated for unexplained syncope were stratified into age groups 1 concurrent diagnosis; 14 vs. 26%, P
Published: 2022

20. The Impact of Pre-Project Data Quality and Quantity on Developing Environmental Monitoring Strategies for Offshore Carbon Storage: Case Studies from the Gulf of Mexico and the North Sea

Author: Guttorm Alendal, Sarah Gasda, Katherine Romanak, Jerry Blackford, Rajesh Pawar, Stefan Carpentier, Dorothy Dankel, Marius Dewar, Bjarte Fagerås, Ketil Fagerli Iversen, Anna Oleynik, Abdirahman M. Omar, Darren Snee, Parisa Torabi, and Svenn Tveit
Subjects: History, Polymers and Plastics, Business and International Management, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering
Published: 2022
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21. Demonstration of a Semi-Automated Decision Support Toolbox to Aid Operators in the Design of Efficient Environmental Offshore Monitoring Programs for Co2 Storage Sites

Author: Marius Dewar, Guttorm Alendal, Jerry Blackford, Stefan Carpentier, Ketil Iversen, Anna Oleynik, Abdirahman Omar, Darren Snee, and Parisa Torabi
Subjects: History, Polymers and Plastics, Business and International Management, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering
Published: 2022
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22. Cell Dynamics in Chondrocyte Encapsulated Microcarries Used for Cell Delivery: Insights from Computational Modeling

Author: Parisa Torabi Rahvar and Mohammad J. Abdekhodaie
Published: 2021
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23. A multi-centre survey on hospital malnutrition: result of PNSI study

Author: Parisa Torabi, Bahareh Barkhidarian, Saeed Eslami-Hasan-Abadi, Jamshid Kermanchi, Somayeh Poudineh, Ali Akbar Haghdoost, Abdolreza Norouzy, Majid Hajifaraji, Mohammad Safarian, Omid Pournik, Mohsen Azimi-Nezhad, Yahya Pasdar, and Forough Shayesteh
Subjects: Adult, Male, Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, RC620-627, Multivariate analysis, Adolescent, Nutritional Status, Medicine (miscellaneous), Clinical nutrition, Young Adult, Health care, Prevalence, medicine, Humans, TX341-641, Subjective global assessment, Multi centre, Nutritional diseases. Deficiency diseases, Male gender, Aged, Nutrition and Dietetics, Nutrition. Foods and food supply, business.industry, Research, Malnutrition, Length of Stay, Middle Aged, Nutrition Surveys, University hospital, medicine.disease, Hospitals, Cross-Sectional Studies, Nutrition Assessment, business, Body mass index
Abstract: Background Disease-related malnutrition is associated with adverse outcomes such as increased rates of morbidity and mortality, prolonged hospital stay, and extra costs of health care. This study was conducted to assess nutritional status among patients and to determine the risk factors for malnutrition in Iran university f. Methods Persian Nutritional Survey In Hospitals (PNSI) was a cross-sectional study that conducted in 20 university hospitals across Iran. All the patients with age range of 18 to 65 years, who were admitted or discharged, were assessed by subjective global assessment (SGA). Results In total, 2109 patients were evaluated for malnutrition. Mean values of age and body mass index were 44.68 ± 14.65 years and 25.44 ± 6.25 kg/m2, respectively. Malnutrition (SGA-B & C) was identified in 23.92% of the patients, 26.23 and 21% of whom were among the admitted and discharged patients, respectively. The highest prevalence of malnutrition was in burns (77.70%) and heart surgery (57.84%) patients. Multivariate analysis presented male gender (OR = 1.02, P P P P P = 0.10). Conclusion This study provides an overall and comprehensive illustration of hospital malnutrition in Iran university hospitals, finding that one out of four patients were malnourished; thus, appropriate consideration and measures should be taken to this issue.
Published: 2021
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24. Lifelong and mature-onset syncope in older adults may have different mechanisms

Author: Parisa Torabi, Richard Sutton, Giulia Rivasi, Michele Brignole, Artur Fedorowski, and Viktor Hamrefors
Subjects: Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, Science & Technology, Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems, biology, business.industry, Syncope (genus), 1103 Clinical Sciences, biology.organism_classification, Cardiovascular System & Hematology, Cardiovascular System & Cardiology, Medicine, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, 1102 Cardiorespiratory Medicine and Haematology
Abstract: Background Syncope is a common clinical problem with a sharp rise in the incidence after 70 years. In older patients, syncope is often a diagnostic challenge. It is unclear whether the age at which patients experience syncope for the first time impacts the results of syncope investigation. Purpose To study the influence of early-onset vs. mature-onset syncope on clinical characteristics and final head-up tilt (HUT) diagnosis in a large sample of unexplained syncope patients. Methods Consecutive patients (n=1928) with unexplained syncope after initial evaluation examined with a standard HUT protocol in a syncope unit were stratified into age groups below and above 60 years. Clinical characteristics and the final HUT diagnosis were analysed in relation to self-reported age at first syncope and age at investigation. The distribution of age at first syncope was bimodal with peaks at 15 and 70 years (Figure 1). In the present analysis, patients aged >60 years (n=836) with early-onset (60 years) syncope were compared. Results Vasovagal syncope (VVS) was more common in early-onset syncope, 39% vs 19% (p60 years.Complex syncope etiology (findings suggesting overlap between VVS, OH and/or CSS) was more common among patients with early-onset syncope, 37% vs 26% (p=0.023). No definite HUT-derived diagnosis was more common in mature-onset syncope, 23% vs 13% (p=0.023). Heart failure, 9% vs 2% (p=0.024) and atrial fibrillation, 20% vs 9% (p=0.013) were more common in mature-onset syncope. Prodromes were less common in mature-onset syncope, 26% vs 52% (p Conclusions Mature-onset syncope was more often associated with absence of prodromes, orthostatic hypotension, inconclusive HUT findings and presence of heart failure and atrial fibrillation suggesting cardiac syncope to be the likely cause. Early-onset syncope was associated with presence of prodromes, vasovagal reflex mechanism and complex syncope diagnosis. Lifelong and mature-onset unexplained syncope may have different pathophysiological mechanisms in older patients and aetiologies other than vasovagal syncope should be carefully considered in patients with first-ever syncope in later life. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding sources: Public grant(s) – National budget only. Main funding source(s): Swedish heart and lung foundationCrafoord foundation
Published: 2021
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25. Cell Dynamics in Chondrocyte Encapsulated Microcarries Used for Cell Delivery: Insights from Computational Modeling

Author: Rahvar, Parisa Torabi, primary and Abdekhodaie, Mohammad J., additional
Published: 2021
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26. Effect of aging on cerebral tissue oxygenation in relation to reflex syncope

Author: Richard Sutton, Viktor Hamrefors, Artur Fedorowski, Madeleine Johansson, Parisa Torabi, and Isabella Kharraziha
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Presyncope, Supine position, biology, business.industry, Provocation test, Syncope (genus), Oxygenation, medicine.disease, biology.organism_classification, Blood pressure, Physiology (medical), Internal medicine, Cardiology, Reflex, Medicine, Analysis of variance, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business
Abstract: Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: Public grant(s) – National budget only. Main funding source(s): The Swedish Heart and Lung Foundation, The Swedish Heart and Lung Association, ALF funds, Skåne University Hospital Funds, The Crafoord Foundation. Background There is an increased susceptibility to syncope with aging attributed to age-related physiological impairments. Cerebral oximetry non-invasively measures cerebral tissue oxygenation (SctO2) and has been shown to be valuable in syncope evaluation. SctO2 has been found to decrease with aging but it is unknown whether the decrease in SctO2 is related to increased susceptibility to syncope during orthostatic provocation. By measuring SctO2 during head up tilt test (HUT) we can study age-related differences in SctO2 and their impact on developing reflex syncope. Purpose To investigate the effect of age on the cerebral tissue oxygenation threshold for syncope and presyncope among patients with vasovagal syncope. Methods Non-invasive haemodynamic monitoring and near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) were applied during head-up tilt (HUT) in 139 vasovagal syncope patients (mean [SD] 45[17] years, 60% female), and 82 control patients with a normal response to HUT (45[18] years, 61% female). Group differences in SctO2 and systolic blood pressure (SBP) during HUT in supine position, after 3 and 10 min of HUT, 30 seconds prior to syncope ("presyncopal phase") and during syncope in different age groups (60 years) were compared using one-way ANOVA and Tukey"s multiple comparison test. Associations between age and SctO2 were studied using linear regression models adjusted for sex and concurrent SBP. Results Lower SctO2 in supine position was associated with increasing age among controls (B=-0.085, p = 0.010) but not among VVS patients (B=-0.036, p = 0.114). No age-related differences in SctO2 were found after 3 and 10 minutes of HUT and during syncope. Mean SctO2 (%) during the presyncopal phase decreased over the advancing age groups (60: 62.2 ± 5.8; p = 0.009 for inter-group comparison). In contrast, mean SBP during the presyncopal phase did not differ by age groups (60: 77.6 ± 20.8 mmHg, p = 0.133). Age was associated with lower SctO2 during the presyncopal phase after adjusting for sex and SBP (B = 0.096, p = 0.001). Conclusion Older VVS patients have lower cerebral tissue oxygenation in the presyncopal phase compared with younger patients independently of systolic blood pressure. These results suggest either that with imminent reflex syncope cerebral tissue oxygenation diminishes more with advancing age or that cerebral deoxygenation is better tolerated by older reflex syncope patients. Abstract Figure.
Published: 2021
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27. Azithromycin in patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19 (RECOVERY): a randomised, controlled, open-label, platform trial

Author: Eugenia Abaleke, Mustafa Abbas, Sadia Abbasi, Alfie Abbott, Ashraf Abdelaziz, Sherif Abdelbadiee, Mohamed Abdelfattah, Basir Abdul, Althaf Abdul Rasheed, Rezan Abdul-Kadir, Abdulfatahi Abdulmumeen, Niyaz Abdulshukkoor, Kula Abdusamad, Yazeed Abed El Khaleq, Mai Abedalla, Abeer UA Abeer Ul Amna, Adebanke Aboaba, Hani Abo-Leyah, Ahmed Abou-Haggar, Mahmoud Abouibrahim, Miriam Abraham, Tizzy Abraham, Abraheem Abraheem, Judith Abrams, Hyacinth-John Abu, Ahmad Abu-Arafeh, Syed M Abubacker, Akata Abung, Yaa Aceampong, Devikumar Acharya, Janet Acheson, Andres Acosta, Catherine Acton, Jacqueline Adabie-Ankrah, Fiona Adam, Matthew Adam, Huzaifa Adamali, Carol Adams, Kate Adams, Richard Adams, Tim Adams, Malgorzata Adamus, Kirsty Adcock, Aderonke Adebiyi, Ken Adegoke, Vicki Adell, Aldrin Adeni, Sherna Adenwalla, Oluwasegun A Adesemoye, Emmanuel O Adewunmi, Joyce Adeyemi, Elizabeth Adeyeye, Gabrielle Adkins, Adnan Adnan, John Aeron-Thomas, Lynn Afari, Debbie Affleck, Carmel Afnan, Deborah Afolabi, Muhammad Afridi, Rachel Agbeko, Chris Agbo, Sunil Aggarwal, Arameh Aghababaie, Judith Agwada-Akeru, Kwame A Agyapong, Shafana Ahamed Sadiq, Mohamed H Ahammed Nazeer, Jonathan Ah-Chuen, Mahin Ahmad, Ashar Ahmed, Bilal Ahmed, Forizuddin Ahmed, Iram Ahmed, Irshad Ahmed, Liban Ahmed, Maria C Ahmed, Muhammad S Ahmed, Naseer Ahmed, Nausheen Ahmed, Osama Ahmed, Rajia A Ahmed, Rizwan Ahmed, Saif Ahmed, Sammiya Ahmed, Sara Ahmed, Syed H Ahmed, Roa Ahmed Ali, Sana Ahmer, Dhiraj Ail, Adam Ainsley, Mark Ainsworth, Myriam Aissa, Lucy Aitchson, Lindianne Aitken, Bini Ajay, Abdulakeem Ajibode, Ayesha Ajmi, Muhammad N Akhtar, Nasim Akhtar, Suha Akili, Oludoyinsola Akindolie, Yinka Akinfenwa, Olugbenga Akinkugbe, Ibrahim Akinpelu, Umeh Akudo, Asma Al Balushi, Majd Al Dakhola, Narendra Aladangady, Sajid Alam, Abbas Al-Asadi, Kyriaki Alatzoglou, Lorraine Albon, Stephen Alcorn, Aggie Aldana, David Alderdice, Rayan Aldouri, Jonathan Aldridge, Nicolas Aldridge, Ana Alegria, Alison Alexander, John Alexander, Peter DG Alexander, Julyan Al-Fori, Bahij Al-Hakim, Shams Al-Hity, Ali Ali, Anyat Ali, Fawzia R Ali, Jawad Ali, Mariam Ali, Mohammad Ali, Oudai Ali, Sakina Ali, Syed Ali, Abid Alina, Katrin Alizaedeh, Maithem Al-Jibury, Moutaz Alkhusheh, Alison Allanson, Robert Allcock, Eireann Allen, Jonathan Allen, Kerry Allen, Louise Allen, Rebecca Allen, Sam Allen, Sharon Allen, Simon Allen, Kathryn Allison, Bethan Allman, Lynne Allsop, Christine Almadenboyle, Hassan Al-Moasseb, Magda Al-Obaidi, Lina Alomari, Akram Al-Rabahi, Bahar Al-Ramadhani, Zayneb Al-Saadi, Warkaq Al-Shamkhani, Bashar Al-Sheklly, Mary Alvarez, Maysaa Alzetani, Susan Amamou, Sakarai Ambalavanan, Sarah-Jayne Ambler, Robert Ambrogetti, Chris Ambrose, Amir Ameen, Maria R Amezaga, Allison Amin, Amina Amin, Kanish Amin, Amjad Amjad, Victoria Amosun, Khaled Amsha, Atul Anand, Samantha Anandappa, Julie Anderson, Laura Anderson, Michelle Anderson, Nicola Anderson, Rachel Anderson, Rory Anderson, Prematie Andreou, Angela Andrews, Jill Andrews, Kanayochukwu Aneke, Andrew Ang, Wan Wei Ang, Tammy Angel, Paola Angelini, Lazarus Anguvaa, Oleg Anichtchik, Millicent Anim-Somuah, Krishnan Aniruddhan, Alpha Anthony, Aaron Anthony-Pillai, Philip Antill, Zhelyazkova Antonina, Varghese Anu, Muhammad Anwar, Aristeidis Apostolopoulos, Sarah Appleby, Diane Appleyard, Bianca Araba, Angela Aramburo, Ann Archer, Denise Archer, Simon Archer, Christian Ardley, Ana-Maria Arias, Ryoki Arimoto, Charlotte Arkley, Charlotte Armah, Ilianna Armata, Adam Armitage, Ceri Armstrong, Maureen Armstrong, Sonia Armstrong, Philippa Armtrong, Heike Arndt, Clare Arnison-Newgass, David Arnold, Rachael Arnold, Dhawal Arora, Pardeep Arora, Rishi Arora, Arslam Arter, Ganesh Arunachalam, Rita Arya, Salma Asam, Denisa Asandei, Adeeba Asghar, Catherine Ashbrook-Raby, Helen Ashby, Jan Ashcroft, John Ashcroft, Ayesha Ashfaq, Abdul Ashish, Sally Ashman-Flavell, Sundar Ashok, Muhammad Z Ashraf, Saima Ashraf, Mohammad B Ashraq, Deborah Ashton, Susan Ashton, Andrew Ashworth, Rebecca Ashworth, Harshini Asogan, Julia Asplin, Atif Asrar, Omar Assaf, Raine Astin-Chamberlain, Deborah Athorne, Christopher Atkins, Stacey Atkins, John Atkinson, Vicki Atkinson, Ahmed Attiq, Paula Aubrey, Suzannah August, Aye CT Aung, Hnin Aung, Kyaw Thu Aung, Nini Aung, Zaw Myo Aung, Emily Austin, Karen Austin, Miriam Avery, Joanne Avis, Cristina Avram, Paula Avram, Gabriel Awadzi, Aszad Aya, Eman Ayaz, Amanda Ayers, Vivek Ayra, Jawwad Azam, Mohammed Azharuddin, Ghazala Aziz, Ashaari Azman Shah, Giada Azzopardi, Hocine Azzoug, Nasaruilla Babajan, Fiyinfoluwa Babatunde, Melvin Babi, Babiker Babiker, Gayna Babington, Matthew Babirecki, Adetona O Babs-Osibodu, Gina Bacon, Jenny Bacon, Bibi Badal, Gurpreet R Badhan, Shreya Badhrinarayanan, Joseph Bae, Alice Baggaley, Amy Baggott, Graham Bagley, Dinesh Bagmane, Kasra Bahadori, Gayathri Baijiu, Charles Bailey, Julie Bailey, Katie Bailey, Lindsey Bailey, Liz Bailey, Morgan Bailey, Peter Bailey, Hamish Baillie, Kenneth Baillie, Jennifer Bain, Karen Bain, Becky Bainton, David Baird, Yolanda Baird, Aiysha Bajandouh, Evelyn Baker, Johanne Baker, Kenneth Baker, Pearl Baker, Hugh Bakere, Nawar Bakerly, Michelle Baker-Moffatt, Panos Bakoulas, Abhijit Bal, Niranjan Balachandran, Irvin Balagosa, Andrea Balan, Theodosios Balaskas, Madhu Balasubramaniam, Alison Balcombe, Cheryl Baldwick, Alexander Baldwin, Ashley Baldwin, Danielle Baldwin, Lisa Baldwin, Rebekah Baldwin-Jones, James Balfour, Ceri Ball, Craig Balmforth, Gabby Bambridge, Alasdair Bamford, Amy Bamford, Peter Bamford, Adefunke Bamgboye, Kasun Bamunuarachchi, Elizabeth Bancroft, Hollie Bancroft, Joyce Banda, Srini Bandi, Nageswar Bandla, Somaditya Bandyopadhyam, Ritwik Banerjee, Sandip Banerjee, Harrison Banks, Luke Banks, Daniel Banner, Oliver Bannister, Christopher Bannon, Laura Banton, Mariamma Baptist, Tanya Baqai, Ananya M Baral, Desislava Baramova, Russell Barber, Emma Barbon, Monica Barbosa, Jamie Barbour, Alexander Barclay, Charlotte Barclay, Stephanie Bareford, Shahedal Bari, Amy Barker, Debbie Barker, Joseph B Barker, Leon Barker, Oliver Barker, Kerry Barker-Williams, Sinha Barkha, Juliana Barla, Gavin Barlow, Richard Barlow, James Barnacle, Alex Barnard, Debi Barnes, Nicky Barnes, Amy Barnett, Debra Barnett, Ashton Barnett-Vanes, William Barnsley, Andrew Barr, David Barr, Shaney Barratt, Manuella Barrera, Fiona Barrett, Jessica Barrett, Jazz Bartholomew, Sarah Bartholomew, Claire Bartlett, Georgina Bartlett, Greg Barton, Jill Barton, Rachael Barton, Rosaleen Baruah, Sonia Baryschpolec, Archana Bashyal, Betsy Basker, Ayten Basoglu, Amira Bassaly, G Bassett, Bengisu Bassoy, Anupam Basumatary, Adam Bataineh, Freddie Batalla, Tristan Bate, Harry John Bateman, Kathryn Bateman, Vhairi Bateman, Eleanor Bates, Hayley Bates, Michelle Bates, Rizvan Batha, Sally Batham, Ana Batista, Amit Batla, Dushyant Batra, Harry Batty, Thomas Batty, Miranda Baum, Carina Bautista, Fatima S Bawani, Simon Bax, Matt Baxter, Nicola Baxter, Hannah Bayes, Farid Bazari, Rohit Bazaz, Ahmad Bazli, Laura Beacham, Hannah Beadle, Wendy Beadles, Philip Beak, Andy Beale, Kathy Beardsal, Jack Bearpark, Karen Beaumont, Matthew Beaumont, Dawn Beaumont-Jewell, Theresa Beaver, Sarah Beavis, Christy Beazley, Sarah Beck, Virginia Beckett, Rosie Beckitt, Heidi Beddall, Seonaid Beddows, Deborah Beeby, Michelle Beecroft, Sally Beer, Jane Beety, Gabriela Bega, Alison Begg, Susan Begg, Sara Beghini, Ayesha Begum, Safia Begum, Teresa Behan, Roya Behrouzi, Jon Beishon, Claire Beith, James Belcher, Holly Belfield, Katherine Belfield, Ajay Belgaumkar, Dina Bell, Gareth Bell, Gillian Bell, Lauren Bell, Louise Bell, Nicholas Bell, Stephanie Bell, Jennifer L Bell, Mary Bellamy, Arianna Bellini, Amanda Bellis, Fionn Bellis, Lesley Bendall, Naveena Benesh, Nicola Benetti, Leonie Benham, Guy Benison-Horner, Ann Bennett, Caroline Bennett, Gillian Bennett, Kristopher Bennett, Lorraine Bennett, Sara Bennett, Vivienne Benson, Andrew Bentley, Ian Benton, Eva Beranova, Matthew Beresford, Colin Bergin, Malin Bergstrom, Jolanta Bernatoniene, Thomas Berriman, Zoe Berry, Kimberley Best, Yvonne Beuvink, Emily Bevan, Sarah Bevins, Tom Bewick, Helen Bexhell, Andrew Bexley, Sonay Beyatli, Fenella Beynon, Arjun Bhadi, Sanjay Bhagani, Shweta Bhagat, Shiv Bhakta, Rekha Bhalla, Mahesh Bhalme, Khushpreet Bhandal, Kulbinder Bhandal, Ravina Bhanot, Prashanth Bhat, Nikhil Bhatia, Rahul Bhatnagar, Janki Bhayani, Deepika Bhojwani, Salimuzzaman Bhuiyan, Anna Bibby, Naheeda Bibi, Salma Bibi, Tihana Bicanic, Julie Bigg, Sarah Biggs, Alphonsa Biju, Andras Bikov, Sophie Billingham, Jessica Billings, Alice Binns, Oliver Bintcliffe, Catherine Birch, Janine Birch, Jenny Birch, Katherine Birchall, Sam Bird, Sumedha Bird, Mark Birt, Kilanalei Bishop, Linda Bishop, Lisa Bishop, Nibedan Biswas, Sahar Biuk, Karen Blachford, Ethel Black, Helen Black, Karen Black, Mairead Black, Polly Black, Sabrina Black, Bethan Blackledge, Joanne Blackler, Samantha Blackley, Helen 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Robert Brown, Steven Brown, Tom Brown, Charlotte Browne, Duncan Browne, Rachel Browne, Stephen Brownlee, David Bruce, Johanna Bruce, Michelle Bruce, Wojciech Brudlo, Nigel Brunskill, Luke Brunton, Margaret Brunton, Jade Bryant, Mark Bryce, Maya Buch, Ruaridh Buchanan, Amanda Buck, Elizabeth Buckingham, Laura Buckley, Philip Buckley, Sarah Buckley, Carol Buckman, George Bugg, Ramadan Bujazia, Shanzay Bukhari, Richard Bulbulia, Alex Bull, Damian Bull, Rhian Bull, Thomas Bull, Sam Bullard, Naomi Bulteel, Katherine Bunclark, Roneleeh Bungue-Tuble, Caroline Burchett, Christy Burden, Thomas G Burden, Sarah Burge, Mika Burgess, Sophia Burgess, Emma Burke, Sara Burnard, Caroline Burnett, Amy Burns, Collette Burns, James Burns, Karen Burns, Daniel Burrage, Kate Burrows, Claire Burston, Ben Burton, Fiona Burton, Angus Butchart, Aaron Butler, Jo Butler, Joanne Butler, Joshua Butler, Peter Butler, Susan Butler, Al-Tahoor Butt, Caryl Butterworth, Nicola Butterworth-Cowin, Robert Buttery, Heather 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Cartwright, Claire Carty, Jaime Carungcong, Paula Carvelli, Aisling Cashell, Barbara Cassimon, Teresa Castiello, Gail Castle, Melanie Caswell, Ana Maria Catana, Heidi Cate, Susanne Cathcart, Katrina Cathie, Christine Catley, Laura Catlow, Kerry Causer, Luke Cave, Frianne Cawa, Kathryn Cawley, Philippa Cawley, Chloe Caws, Hankins Cendl, Jeva Cernova, Ed Cetti, Stephanie Chabane, Manish Chablani, Cathleen Chabo, David Chadwick, Julie Chadwick, Robert Chadwick, Ela Chakkarapani, Arup Chakraborty, Mallinath Chakraborty, Mollika Chakravorty, James Chalmers, Georgina Chamberlain, Sarah Chamberlain, Carol Chambers, Emma Chambers, Jonathan Chambers, Lucy Chambers, Naomi Chambers, Shreekant Champanerkar, Carmen Chan, Cheuk Chan, Evelyn Chan, Kimberley Chan, Ping Chan, Rebekah (Pui-Ching) Chan, Xin H Chan, Chris Chandler, Kim J Chandler, Zoe Chandler, Badrinathan Chandrasekaran, Josephine Chaplin, Graeme Chapman, John Chapman, Katie Chapman, Laura Chapman, Lianne Chapman, Polly Chapman, Timothy 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Dip Chudgar, Richard Chudleigh, Srikanth Chukkambotla, Izu Chukwulobelu, Favour Chukwunonyerem, Chi Y Chung, Jonathan Chung, Elaine Church, Sara R Church, David Churchill, Paola Cicconi, Zdenka Cipinova, Bessie Cipriano, Sarah Clamp, Melanie Clapham, Edel Clare, Sarbjit Clare, Andrew Clark, Charlotte Clark, Diane Clark, Felicity Clark, Gabrielle Clark, James Clark, Katherine Clark, Lucy Clark, Matthew Clark, Patricia Clark, Richard Clark, Thomas Clark, Zoe Clark, Andrea Clarke, Paul Clarke, Robert Clarke, Roseanne Clarke, Samantha Clarke, Sheron Clarke, Alleyna Claxton, Elizabeth Clayton, Olivia Clayton, Jill Clayton-Smith, Chris Cleaver, Jayne Clemens, Carlota Clemente de la Torre, Suzanne Clements, Sarah Clifford, Amelia Clive, Jonathan Clouston, Samantha Clueit, Andrea Clyne, Peter GL Coakley, Kathryn Cobain, Susan Coburn, Alexandra Cochrane, Patricia Cochrane, Samantha Cockburn, Helen Cockerill, Shirley Cocks, Rhodri Codd, Rachel Codling, Adam Coe, Samantha Coetzee, David Coey, 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Dermody, Amisha Desai, Purav Desai, Sanjeev Deshpande, Vai Deshpande, Sirjana Devkota, Prakash Dey, Vishal Dey, Rogin Deylami, Gurlove K Dhaliwal, Kevin Dhaliwal, Sundip Dhani, Amandeep Dhanoa, Mili Dhar, Sukhjit Dhariwal, Devesh Dhasmana, Ekanjali Dhillon, Reiss Dhillon, Kayleigh Diaz-Pratt, Pamela Dicks, Matthew Dickson, Sean Dillane, Sarah Diment, Paul Dimitri, Alex Dipper, Laura Dirmantaite, Lisa Ditchfield, Sarah Diver, Nandita Divikar, Lavanya Diwakar, Masroor Diwan, Caroline Dixon, Catherine Dixon, Petr Dlouhy, Paul Dmitri, Marinela Dobranszky Oroian, Charlotte Dobson, Lee Dobson, Marie Docherty, Morven Dockery, Emma Docks, James Dodd, Jackie Dodds, Rebecca Dodds, Steve Dodds, Richi Dogra, Erin Doherty, Warren Doherty, Yumiko Doi, Iain Doig, Daniel Dolan, Mark Dolman, Rozzie Dolman, Lisa Donald, Callum Donaldson, Denise Donaldson, Kate Donaldson, Sinead Donlon, Joanne Donnachie, Christopher Donnelly, Eilish Donnelly, Emma Dooks, Andrew Dooley, Kane Dorey, Sharon Dorgan, Davinder Dosanjh, Paula Dospinescu, Andrew Dougherty, Katie Douglas, Lucy Dowden, Michelle Dower, Sud Dowling, Hayley Downe, Nicola Downer, Charlotte Downes, Rob Downes, Thomas Downes, Damian Downey, Louise Downs, Simon Dowson, Cornel Dragan, Cristina Dragos, Chelsea Drake, Victoria Drew, Olivia Drewett, Celine Driscoll, Helena Drogan, Ronald Druyeh, Simon Drysdale, Hazel Dube, Judith Dube, Stephen Duberley, Simon Dubrey, Roger Duckitt, Hayley Duckles-Leech, Nicola Duff, Helen Duffy, Lionel Dufour, Annette Duggan, Parveen Dugh, Janice Duignan, Simon Dummer, Andrew Duncan, Barrie Duncan, Christopher Duncan, Fullerton Duncan, Alessia Dunn, Damian Dunn, Laura Dunn, Karen Dunne, Fiona Dunning, Aidan Dunphy, Venkat Duraiswamy, Beatriz Duran, Ingrid DuRand, Alison Durie, Emily Durie, Laura Durrans, Hannah Durrington, Akshay Dwarakanath, Laasya Dwarakanath, Ellen Dwyer, Claudia Dyball, Harvey Dymond, Tom Dymond, Chris Eades, Melissa Earwaker, Nicholas Easom, Clare East, Jack Easton, Ruth Eatough, Oluwadamilola Ebigbola, Martin Ebon, Sinan Eccles, Chloe Eddings, Michael Eddleston, Maureen Edgar, Katharine Edgerley, Mary Edmondson, Tracy Edmunds, Alexandra Edwards, Andrea Edwards, Catherine Edwards, Joy Edwards, Kennedy Edwards, Mandy Edwards, Steven Edwards, Jenny Eedle, Dawn Egginton, Sarah Eisen, Ugochukwu Ekeowa, Mohamed Ekoi, Ayomide Ekunola, Kate El Bouzidi, Ashley Elden, Jennifer Elder, Haifa Eldew, Diana Eleanor, Maysoon Elfadil, Eman Elfar, Mayy M Elgamal, Amr Elgohary, Stellios Elia, Jennifer Elias, Tania Elias, Nadia Elkaram, Amin Elkhawad, Andrew V Elkins, Julie Ellam, Nikki Ellard, Laura Nicola Ellerton, Amy Elliott, Fiona Elliott, Kerry Elliott, Valmai Elliott, Annie Ellis, Hayley Ellis, Kaytie Ellis, Tak-Yan Ellis, Yvette Ellis, Rahma Elmahdi, Einas Elmahi, Omer Elneima, Mohamed Elokl, Ahmed Elradi, Mohamed Elsaadany, Sally El-Sayeh, Hana El-Sbahi, Tarek Elsefi, Karim El-Shakankery, Sarah Elyoussfi, Jonathan Emberson, John Emberton, Julian Emmanuel, Ingrid Emmerson, Charis Emmett, Michael Emms, Marieke Emonts, Angila Engden, Katy English, Nicola Entwistle, Hene Enyi, Ruth Erin Jones, Agota Ermenyi, Hanif Esmail, Ajmal Eusuf, Brynach Evans, Chris Evans, Debra Evans, Gail Evans, Gareth Evans, Jennifer Evans, Lynn Evans, Melanie Evans, Mim Evans, Morgan Evans, Ranoromanana Evans, Teriann Evans, Terry J Evans, Caroline Everden, Lynsey Evison, Jacqueline Faccenda, Leila Fahel, Youstina Fahmay, Sara Fairbairn, Andy Fairclough, Louise Fairlie, Anne Fajardo, Euan Falconer, John Fallon, David Faluyi, Qayyum Farah, Novin Fard, Amr Farg, Adam Farmer, Katie Farmer, Toni Farmery, Frances Farnworth, Samantha Farnworth, Faiyaz Farook, Hadia Farooq, Sidrah Farooq, Fiona Farquhar, Aaron Farrell, Barbara Farrell, James Farthing, Syeda Farzana, Rahmatu Fasina, Azam Fatemi, Mina Fatemi, Nibah Fatimah, Saul N Faust, Joe Fawke, Sinmidele Fawohunre, Alex Feben, Federico Fedel, Christopher Fegan, Mae Felongco, Lynsey Felton, Tim Felton, Kate Fenlon, Andrea Fenn, Isabelle Fenner, Ciara Fenton, Melisa Fenton, Cameron Ferguson, Jenny Ferguson, Kathryn Ferguson, Katie Ferguson, Lisa Ferguson, Susan Ferguson, Susie Ferguson, Victoria Ferguson, Denzil Fernandes, Candida Fernandez, Eduardo Fernandez, Sonia Fernandez Lopez, Ahmed Feroz, Pietro Ferranti, Thais Ferrari, Catarina Ferreira-De Almeida, Alexandra Ferrera, Emma Ferriman, Nicholas Fethers, Ben Field, Janet Field, Andra Fielding, Julie Fielding, Sarah Fielding, Asma Fikree, Sarah Ann Filson, Joanne Finch, Laurie Finch, Natalie Fineman, Adam Finn, Joanne Finn, Sofia Fiouni, Jo Fiquet, James Fisher, Neil Fisher, Daniel Fishman, Krystofer Fishwick, Marie Fisk, Jan Flaherty, Michael Flanagan, Charles Flanders, Julie Fleming, Lucy Fleming, Paul Fleming, William Flesher, Alison Fletcher, Lucy Fletcher, Sophie Fletcher, Christopher Flood, Jonathan Flor, Vincent Florence, Sharon Floyd, Adama Fofana, Georgina Fogarty, Linda Folkes, Aiwyne Foo, Andrew Foot, Jayne Foot, Jane Forbes, Kathryn Forcer, Jamie Ford, Jennifer Foreman, Caroline Fornolles, Adam Forrest, Ellie Forsey, Thomas Forshall, Elliot Forster, Julian Forton, Emily Foster, Joseph Foster, Rachel A Foster, Tracy Foster, Angela Foulds, Ian Foulds, Folakemi Fowe, Emily Fowler, Robert Fowler, Stephen Fowler, Caroline Fox, Claire Fox, Heather Fox, Jonathan Fox, Lauren Fox, Natalie Fox, Simon Fox, Sarah-Jane Foxton, Rebecca Frake, Alex Francioni, Olesya Francis, Rebecca Francis, Sarah Francis, Theodora Francis-Bacon, Victoria Francois, Sharon Frayling, Martyn Fredlund, Michael Freeborn, Carol Freeman, Elaine Freeman, Hannah Freeman, Nicola Freeman, Clare Freer, Eleanor French, Anastasia Fries, Matthew Frise, Renate Fromson, Claire Froneman, John Frost, Victoria Frost, Rachel Frowd, Arun Fryatt, Bridget Fuller, Elizabeth Fuller, Tracy Fuller, Duncan Fullerton, Sarah Funnell, John Furness, Hassina Furreed, Waqas Gaba, Elizabeth Gabbitas, Claire Gabriel, Joshua Gahir, Katarzyna Gajewska-Knapik, Christopher Gale, Hugo Gale, Swetha Gali, Bernadette Gallagher, Edith Gallagher, Jude Gallagher, William Gallagher, Catherine Galloway, Emma Galloway, Jacqui Galloway, James Galloway, Laura Gamble, Liz Gamble, Brian Gammon, Jaikumar Ganapathi, Ramesh Ganapathy, Kaminiben Gandhi, Sarah Gandhi, Usha Ganesh, Abrar Gani, Iris Garcia Deniz, Antoni D Gardener, Danielle Gardiner, Emma Gardiner, Kirsty Gardiner, Siobhan Gardiner, Caroline Gardiner-Hill, Jonathan Gardner, Mark Garfield, Atul Garg, Nathan Garlick, Lucie Garner, Zoe Garner, Rosaline Garr, Mark Garton, Florence Garty, Rachel Gascoyne, Hyeriju Gashau, Aoife Gatenby, Erin Gaughan, Alok Gaurav, Mariana Gavrila, Jane Gaylard, Emma Gaywood, Catherine Geddie, Sarah Gee, Gemma Genato, Neil Gent, Susan Gent, Natalie Geoghegan, Nithin George, Sam George, Tina George, Simon Georges, Domonique Georgiou, Leigh Gerdes, Louise Germain, Helen Gerrish, Abel Getachew, Hisham Ghanayem, Auns Ghazanfar, Anca Gherman, Alison Ghosh, Arjun Ghosh, Justin Ghosh, Sudhamay Ghosh, Sarra 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Sheila Gooseman, Shameer Gopal, Sally Gordon, Hugh Gorick, Stuart Gormley, Michelle Gorst, Thomas Gorsuch, Rebecca Gosling, Henry Goss, Naomi Gott, Elizabeth Goudie, Susan Gould, Melonie Gouldbourne, Lysander Gourbault, Abha Govind, Sharon Gowans, Girish Gowda, Rohit Gowda, Hannah Gower, Thomas Gower, Diana Grabowska, Clive Graham, Donald Graham, Jonathan Graham, Justin Graham, Sharon Graham, Matthew Graham-Brown, Julia Grahamslaw, Gianluca Grana, Tracyanne Grandison, Louis Grandjean, Alison Grant, David Grant, Matthew Grant, Pauleen Grant, Rhys Gravell, Jenny Graves, Alasdair Gray, Catherine Gray, Emily Gray, Georgina Gray, Glaxy Gray, Jackie Gray, Karen Gray, Sebastian Gray, Alan Grayson, Fiona Greaves, Paul Greaves, Charlotte Green, Christopher Green, Frederick Green, Joel Green, Marie Green, Stacey Green, Diarra Greene, Lawrence Greenfield, Philippa Greenfield, Alan Greenhalgh, Daniel Greenwood, Sandra Greer, James Gregory, Jane Gregory, Katie Gregory, Tamsin Gregory, Jill Greig, Julia Greig, Rebecca Grenfell, Teena Grenier, Susan Grevatt, Glaxy Grey, Andrew Gribbin, Ben Griffin, Denise Griffin, Mel Griffin, Sian Griffith, Andrew Griffiths, Daniel Griffiths, David Griffiths, Donna Griffiths, Isabel Griffiths, Nicola Griffiths, Oliver Griffiths, Sofia Grigoriadou, Steph Grigsby, Russell Gritton, Evelina Grobovaite, Clarissa Grondin, Rachel Groome, Liliana Grosu, Jenny Grounds, Jayne Groves, Neil Grubb, Julie Grundy, Francesca Guarino, Sharada Gudur, Shivang Gulati, Vikas Gulia, Pumali Gunasekera, Kirun Gunganah, Jessica Gunn, Emma Gunter, Alok Gupta, Atul Gupta, Rajeev Gupta, Richa Gupta, Tarun Gupta, Vineet Gupta, Ankur Gupta-Wright, Sambasivarao Gurram, Ishy Gurung, Shraddha Gurung, Hazel Guth, Ruth Habibi, Pamela Hackney, Christian Hacon, Aiman Haddad, Denise Hadfield, Michalis Hadjiandreou, Anna Haestier, Nauman Hafiz, Rana Hafiz-Ur-Rehman, Samantha Hagan, Jack W Hague, Rosemary Hague, Andrew Haigh, Kate Haigh, Christina Haines, Scott Hainey, Morton Hair, Brigid Hairsine, Juraj Hajnik, Anne Haldeos, Carmel Halevy, William Halford, Alistair Hall, Anthony Hall, Chloe Hall, Claire Hall, Emily Hall, Helen Hall, Jennifer Hall, Kathryn Hall, Toni Hall, Jan Hallas, Kyle Hallas, Charles Hallett, Heather Halls, Maryam Hamdollah-Zadeh, Bilal Hameed, Imran Hamid, Mohamad Hamie, Bethany Hamilton, Fergus Hamilton, Leigh Hamilton, Ruth Hamlin, Eleanor Hamlyn, Shirley Hammersley, Kate Hammerton, Bev Hammond, Leah Hammond, Rachel Hammond-Hall, Fiona Hammonds, Nidal Hammoud, Ibrahim Hamoodi, Karen Hampshire, Jude Hampson, Shi Han Lee, Ozan Hanci, James Hand, Soran Handrean, Georgina Hands, Sheharyar Hanif, Amy Hannington, Merhej Hannun, Aidan Hanrath, Jane Hanson, Kathryn Hanson, Mazhar U Haq, Ala Haqiqi, Monjurul Haque, Zoe Harding, Simon Hardman, Kumar Haresh, Rachel Harford, Beverley Hargadon, Carolyn Hargreaves, James Hargreaves, Alice Harin, Mohammed Haris, Helen Harizaj, Edward Harlock, Paula Harman, Tracy Harman, Mark Harmer, Muhammad A Haroon, Charlie H Harper, Heather Harper, Peter Harper, Rosemary Harper, Sarah Harrhy, Sian Harrington, Yasmin Harrington-Davies, Claire Harris, Jade Harris, Julie Harris, Laura Harris, Marie-Clare Harris, Nichola Harris, David Harrison, Laura Harrison, Melanie Harrison, Rowan Harrison, Susie Harrison, Tom Harrison, Wendy Harrison, Elizabeth Harrod, Ciaran Hart, Dominic Hart, Rosemary Hartley, Ruth Hartley, Tom Hartley, William Hartrey, Hans Hartung, Alice Harvey, Angela Harvey, Max Harvey, Catherine Harwood, Helen Harwood, Neda Hasan, Brigitte Haselden, Mohammed Hashimm, Imranullah Hashmi, Zena Haslam, Abdulhakim Hassan, Adil Hassan, Ali Hassan, Waqar Ul Hassan, Philip Hassell, Alex Hastings, Bethany Hastings, Jonathan Hatton, Jennifer Haugh, May Havinden-Williams, Stefan Havlik, Dan Hawcutt, Liz Hawes, Nicola Hawes, Annie Hawkins, Nancy Hawkins, Daniel Hawley, Edward Haworth, Cathy Hay, Jamal Hayat, Anne Hayes, Melony Hayes, Fiona Hayes, Antara Hayman, Melanie Hayman, Matthew Haynes, Richard Haynes, Rachel Hayre, Patrick Haywood, Tracy Hazelton, Phoebe Hazenberg, Zhengmai He, Elizabeth Headon, Carrie Heal, Brendan Healy, Amy Hearn, Angela Heath, Rowan Heath, Diane Heaton, Kerry Hebbron, Neil Hedger, Katrine Hedges, Cheryl Heeley, Elaine Heeney, Rajdeep Heire, David Helm, Ulla Hemmila, Scott Hemphill, Deborah Hemsley, Alistair Henderson, Jennifer Henderson, Steven Henderson, Joanne Henry, Karol Henry, Lavinia Henry, Margo Henry, David Henshall, Gillian Herdman, Rosaleen Herdmangrant, William Herrington, Emilia Heselden, Peta Heslop, Simon Hester, Emily Hetherington, Joseph Hetherington, Andrew Hetreed, Chamila Hettiarachchi, Gihan Hettiarachchi, Hayley Hewer, John Hewertson, Anna Hewetson, Sue Hewins, Claire Hewitt, Davina Hewitt, Richard Hewitt, Robert S Heyderman, Matthis Heydtmann, Joseph Heys, Jonathan Heywood, Meg Hibbert, Naomi Hickey, Alexander Hicks, Jenny Hicks, Scott R Hicks, Daniel Higbee, Jennifer Higgins, Lucy Higgins, Andrew Higham, Martin Highcock, Judith 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Nicola Hornby, Sophie Horrocks, Latoya Horsford, Megan Horsford, Valana Horsham, Alex Horsley, Ashley Horsley, Elizabeth Horsley, Sarah Horton, Jane Hosea, Toby Hoskins, Ejaz Hossain, Muhammad S Hossain, Rashed Hossain, Maxine Hough, Sarah Hough, Kathryn Houghton, Rebecca Houlihan, Gordon Houston, Hamish Houston, Eleanor Hoverd, Roseanna Hovvels, Lee How, Laura Howaniec, Laura Howard, Linda Howard, Lucy Howard, Sarah Howard, Richard Howard-Griffin, Serena Howe, Mark Howells, Lyn Howie, Alex Howlett, Sophie Howlett, Josh Hrycaiczuk, Desmond Hsu, Hein Htet, Zaw Htet, Naing Z Htoon, Su Htwe, Ying Hu, Abby Huckle, Shahzya Huda, Alison Hudak, Lisa Hudig, Heather Hudson, Alison Hufton, Conor Huggins, Alistair Hughes, Emma Hughes, Gareth Hughes, Heather Hughes, Luke Hughes, Rachel Hughes, Rhian Hughes, Samantha Hughes, Stephen Hughes, Vikki Hughes, Wesley Hughes, Lukas Huhn, Ching Hui, Ruth Hulbert, Diana Hull, Robert Hull, Amanda Hulme, Peter Hulme, Wendy Hulse, George Hulston, Ryan Hum, Charlotte Humphrey, Alasdair Humphries, Joanne Humphries, David Hunt, Fiona Hunt, Jane Hunt, Kristen Hunt, Luke Hunt, Karl Hunter, Neil Hunter, Elizabeth Hurditch, Cian Hurley, Katrina Hurley, Mohammed A Husain, Syeda Y Husaini, Coralie Huson, Ibraar Hussain, Mohammad Hussain, Muhammad Hussain, Reda Hussain, Sajid Hussain, Samia Hussain, Sanniah Hussain, Yasmin Hussain, Mohammed Hussam El-Din, Rebecca Hussey, Christopher Hutchcroft, Camille Hutchinson, Dorothy Hutchinson, Elizabeth Hutchinson, John Hutchinson, Claire Hutsby, Paula Hutton, Daniella Hydes, Jamie Hyde-Wyatt, Niamh Hynes, Megan Hyslop, Ahmed Ibrahim, Asil Ibrahim, Kamal Ibrahim, Mohamed Ibrahim, Wadah Ibrahim, Muhammad Idrees, Hina Iftikhar, Chukwuemeka Igwe, Mohammad Ijaz, Amaju Ikomi, Clare Iles, Stamatina Iliodromiti, Lorna Ilves, La'ali Imam-Gutierrez, Christopher Imray, Haider Imtiaz, Jack Ingham, Julie Ingham, Rory Ingham, Tejas Ingle, Anne Ingram, Luke Ingram, Peter Inns, Ken Inweregbu, Andreea A Ionescu, Ana Ionita, Anil Ipe, Madiha Iqbal, Mohammed Iqbal, Faisal Iqbal Sait, Jane Ireland, Robert Irons, Mohannad Irshad, Muhammad S Irshad, Janice Irvine, Val Irvine, Robert Irving, Mina Ishak, Aminul Islam, Munim Islam, Abdurrahman Islim, Ali Ismail, Omar Ismail, M'hamedi Israa, Sharon Isralls, Shabana Issa, Monica Ivan, Chineze Ivenso, Ashleigh Ivy, Sophie Iwanikiw, Karen Ixer, Mia Iyer, Sriram Iyer, Alex Jackson, Amanda Jackson, Ben Jackson, Ella Jackson, Helen Jackson, Lauren Jackson, Melanie Jackson, Nicola Jackson, Shane Jackson, Patricia Jacob, Reni Jacob, Nicola Jacques, Anisa Jafar, Ali Jaffery, Vijay Jagannathan, Mandeep Jagpal, Fernandez R Jaime, Neemisha Jain, Seema Jain, Susan Jain, Sanjay Jaiswal, Danyal Jajbhay, Thomas Jaki, Bintou Jallow, Yusuf Jaly, Sabine Jamal, Yasmin Jameel, Albie James, Anneli James, Linda James, Mark James, Nicholas James, Olivia James, Ruth James, Tracy James, Jack Jameson, Eleana Jamieson, Aaron Jamison, Phoebe Jane, Azara Janmohamed, Lauren Jansen, Sabrina Jansz, Deepa Japp, Catherine Jardine, Ellie Jarvie, Rosina Jarvis, Patrycja Jastrzebska, Hafsa Javed, Lona Jawaheer, Dinakaran Jayachandran, Deepak Jayaram, Geeshath Jayasekera, Lalith Jayasekera, Saman Jeddi, Mohammad S Jeelani, Katie Jeffery, Rachel Jeffrey, Nathan Jeffreys, Benjamin Jeffs, Debbie Jegede, Taylor Jemima, Ifan Jenkin, Alison Jenkins, David Jenkins, Elinor Jenkins, Sarah Jenkins, Sian Jenkins, Stephen Jenkins, Edward Jenner, David Jennings, Jacqui Jennings, Louise Jennings, Virginia Jennings, Ellen Jerome, Douglas Jerry, Ellen Jessup-Dunton, Jorge A Jesus Silva, Kishan Jethwa, Abi Jeyabalan, Akhilesh Jha, Shaman Jhanji, Khoo Jian, Zhixin Jiao, Ana Jimenez Gil, Jithin Jith, Teishel Joefield, Navraj Johal, Karine Johannessen, Aisyah Johari, Annie John, Anu John, Emma Johns, Margaret Johns, Antoinette Johnson, Gillian Johnson, Kathryn Johnson, Luke Johnson, Mark Johnson, Claire Johnston, Janet Johnston, Susan Johnston, Victoria Johnston, Dawn Johnstone, Ed 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Stelt, Lynne Van Koutrik, Joseph Vance-Daniel, Rama Vancheeswaran, Samuel I Vandeyoon, Padma Vankayalapati, Chloe Vansomeren, William Van't Hoff, Sejal Vara, Anu Varghese, Maria Varghese, Teena Varghese, William Varney, Giulia Varnier, Valeria Vasadi, Vimal Vasu, Vasanthi Vasudevan, Ramu Vathenen, Manu Vatish, Heloyes Vayalaman, Christopher Vaz, Niki Veale, Bar Velan, Swati Velankar, Luxmi Velauthar, Neyme Veli, Nicola Vella, Anitha Velusamy, Ian Venables, Mavi Venditti, Ramya Venkataramakrishnan, Richard Venn, Robert Venn, Lyn Ventilacion, Mark Veres, Stefania Vergnano, Will Verling, Amit Verma, Britney Vernon, Nathan Vernon, Mark Vertue, Natalie Vethanayagam, Lucy Veys, Jennifer Vidler, Denise Vigni, Vinod W Vijayaraghavan Nalini, Enric Vilar, Neringa Vilimiene, Joseph Villiers, Sylvia Vinay, Latha Vinayakarao, Rachel Vincent, Rosie Vincent, Lisa Vincent Smith, Emma Virgilio, Abdullah M Virk, Elisa Visentin, Karunakaran Vithian, Alain Vuylsteke, Eleftheria Vyras, Richard Wach, Beverley Wadams, Susan Wadd, Natalia Waddington, Kirsten Wadsworth, Syed EI Wafa, Daniel Wagstaff, Lynda Wagstaff, Dalia Wahab, Zaroug Wahbi, Khalilullah Wahdati, Sawan Waidyanatha, Rachel Wake, Alice Wakefield, Emma Wakefield, Harry Wakefield, William Wakeford, Fiona Wakinshaw, Andrew Walden, Lorna Walding, Claire Walker, Ian Walker, Kevin Walker, Kim Walker, Linda Walker, Marie Walker, Rachel Walker, Susan Walker, Elaine Wall, Rebecca Wallbutton, Jessica Wallen, Karl Wallendszus, Arabella Waller, Michael Waller, Rosemary Waller, Gabriel Wallis, Louise Wallis, Donna Walsh, Elizabeth Walsh, Lani Walshaw, Daniel Walter, Holt Walters, Jocelyn Walters, Eileen Walton, Maggie Walton, Michael Walton, Olivia Walton, Susan Walton, Mandy Wan, Thin Wan, Mary Wands, Rachel Wane, Frank Wang, Nick Wang, Ran Wang, Deborah Warbrick, Samantha Warburton, Deborah Ward, Emma Ward, Katie Ward, Luke Ward, Rachael Ward, Thomas Ward, Scott A Warden, Steve Wardle, Hassan Wardy, Tobias Wareham, Scott Waring, Jenny Warmington, Ben Warner, Christian Warner, Lewis Warnock, Sarah Warran, Lisa Warren, Yolanda Warren, Hannah Warren-Miell, Hazel J Watchorn, Holly Waterfall, Abby Waters, Donald Waters, Mark Waterstone, Catherine Watkins, Catrin Watkins, Eleanor Watkins, Karen Watkins, Lynn Watkins, Adam JR Watson, Ekaterina Watson, Eleanor Watson, Paul Watson, Robert Watson, Malcolm Watters, Donna Watterson, Daniel Watts, John Watts, Merlin Watts, Victoria Waugh, Emma Wayman, Akhlaq Wazir, Nick Weatherly, Hayley Webb, Kathryn Webb, Stephen Webb, Ian Webster, Tim Webster, Ling Wee, Thanuja Weerasinghe, Janaka Weeratunga, Maria Weetman, Shuying Wei, Freshtah Weidi, Hugh Welch, James Welch, Leanne Welch, Steven Welch, Samantha Weller, Claire Wells, Susan Wellstead, Berni Welsh, RIchard Welsh, Ingeborg Welters, Rachael Welton, Lauren Wentworth, Kate Wesseldine, Magdelena West, Raha West, Ruth West, Sophie West, Heather Weston, Alice Westwood, Bill Wetherall, Helen Wheeler, Matthew Whelband, Amanda Whileman, Jenny Whitbread, Benjamin White, Catherine White, Christopher White, Duncan White, James White, Jonathan White, Katie White, Marie White, Nick White, Sarah White, Sonia White, Tracey White, Catherine Whitehead, Anne Whitehouse, Claire Whitehouse, Tony Whitehouse, Sophie Whiteley, Gabriel Whitlingum, Elizabeth Whittaker, Lindsay Whittam, Ashley Whittington, Helen Whittle, Eunice Wiafe, Lou Wiblin, John Widdrington, Jason Wieboldt, Hannah Wieringa, Cornelia Wiesender, Laura Wiffen, Andrew Wight, Christopher Wignall, Danielle Wilcock, Emma Wilcock, Louise Wilcox, Karen Wild, Laura Wild, Stephen Wild, Michael Wilde, Peter Wilding, Tracey Wildsmith, Joe Wileman, Joy Wiles, Kate Wiles, Elva Wilhelmsen, Thomas Wiliams, David Wilkin, Hannah Wilkins, Joy Wilkins, Suzanne Wilkins, Iain Wilkinson, Lesley Wilkinson, Nicola Wilkinson, Sophia Wilkinson, Susan Wilkinson, Tim Wilkinson, Sylvia Willetts, Alexandra Williams, Alison Williams, Angharad Williams, Ava Williams, Carl Williams, Caroline V Williams, Claire Williams, Dewi Williams, Felicity Williams, Gail Williams, Hannah Williams, James Williams, Jennie Williams, John Williams, Joseph JR Williams, Karen Williams, Kathryn Williams, Marie Williams, Matthew Williams, Patricia Williams, Penny Williams, Samson Williams, Sarah Williams, Sophie Williams, Tamanna Williams, Annie Williamson, Cath Williamson, Catherine Williamson, Dawn Williamson, James D Williamson, Elizabeth Willis, Emily Willis, Heather Willis, Herika Willis, Joanna Willis, Louise Wills, Lucy Willsher, Francesca Willson, Alison Wilson, Andrea Wilson, Antoinette Wilson, Debbie Wilson, James Wilson, Kate Wilson, Lucinda Wilson, Mark Wilson, Toni Wilson, Tim Wilson, Marlar Win, Tin T Win, Lucinda Winckworth, Laura Winder, Piers Winder, Nicola Window, Simon Winn, Carmen Winpenny, Helen Winslow, Martin Winstanley, Helen Winter, Jonathan Winter, Barbara Winter-Goodwin, Stephen Wisdom, Martin Wiselka, Sophie Wiseman, Steven Wishart, Eric Witele, Nicholas Withers, Janet Wittes, Donna Wixted, Nicola Wolff, Kirsten Wolffsohn, Rebecca Wolf-Roberts, Elena Wolodimeroff, Chi-Hung Wong, Edwin Wong, Jessica SY Wong, Kit Y Wong, Nick Wong, Sam Wong, Caroline Wood, Dianne Wood, Fiona Wood, Hannah Wood, Jennifer Wood, Joe Wood, Lisa Wood, Louise Wood, Michelle Wood, Stephen Wood, Tracy Wood, Katharine Woodall, Rebecca Woodfield, Christopher Woodford, Jill Woodford, Louise Woodhead, Timothy Woodhead, Philip Woodland, Marc Woodman, Jane Woods, Katherine Woods, Sarah Woods, Elizabeth Woodward, Zoe Woodward, Megan Woolcock, Gemma Wooldridge, Rebecca Woolf, Chris Woollard, Louisa Woollen, Emma Woolley, Jade Woolley, Daniel Woosey, Dan Wootton, Joanne Wootton, Stephy Worton, Jonathan Wraight, Lynn Wren, Caroline Wrey Brown, Demi Wright, Francesca Wright, Imogen Wright, Lianne Wright, Rachel Wright, Caroline Wroe, Henry Wu, Peishan Wu, Pensee Wu, Johnathan Wubetu, Retno Wulandari, Kim Wyness, Frederick Wyn-Griffiths, Inez Wynter, Bindhu Xavier, Zhongyang Xia, Masseh Yakubi, May Yan, Michael Yanney, Salima Yasmin, Bryan Yates, David Yates, Edward Yates, Helen Yates, Mark Yates, Charlotte Yearwood Martin, Khin Yein, Robert Yellon, Fiona Yelnoorkar, Peter Yew, Kawai Yip, Laura Ylquimiche Melly, Inez Ynter, Cissy Yong, Jemma Yorke, Abdel Younes Ibrahim, Gail Young, Louise Young, Sajeda Youssouf, Ahmed Yousuf, Chrissie Yu, Bernard Yung, Daniel Yusef, Anna-Sophia Zafar, Silvia Zagalo, Su Zaher, Kareem Zaki, Nabhan Zakir, Kasia Zalewska, Ane Zamalloa, Mohsin Zaman, Shakir Zaman, Julie Zamikula, Louise Zammit, Marie Zammit-Mangion, Ausra Zdanaviciene, Esther Zebracki, Daniel Zehnder, Lisa Zeidan, Xiaobei Zhao, Dongling Zheng, Jane Zhixin, Doreen Zhu, Madiha Zia, Omar Zibdeh, Rabia Zill-E-Huma, Ei T Zin, Vivian Zinyemba, Christos Zipitis, Arkadiusz Zmierczak, Azam Zubir, Naz Zuhra, Rasha Zulaikha, Carol Zullo, Ana Zuriaga-Alvaro, National Institute for Health Research, UK Research and Innovation, University of St Andrews. School of Medicine, Horby, PW, Roddick, A, Spata, E, Staplin, N, Emberson, JR, Pessoa-Amorim, G, Peto, L, Day, J, Thwaites, G, Mafham, M, Haynes, R, and Landray, MJ
Subjects: Male, medicine.medical_treatment, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Azithromycin, ResearchInstitutes_Networks_Beacons/humanitarian_conflict_response_institute, Rate ratio, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, RA0421, Oxygen therapy, RA0421 Public health. Hygiene. Preventive Medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, Hospital Mortality, 11 Medical and Health Sciences, azithromycin, education.field_of_study, Covid19, clinical trial, General Medicine, 3rd-DAS, Middle Aged, Hospitalization, Survival Rate, Treatment Outcome, Humanitarian and Conflict Response Institute, Female, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, medicine.medical_specialty, RM, Population, COVID-19/drug therapy, Azithromycin/therapeutic use, 03 medical and health sciences, Pharmacotherapy, Tocilizumab, Medicine, General & Internal, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, Internal medicine, General & Internal Medicine, medicine, Humans, education, Survival rate, Mechanical ventilation, Science & Technology, business.industry, COVID-19, NIS, Length of Stay, R1, United Kingdom, COVID-19 Drug Treatment, RM Therapeutics. Pharmacology, RECOVERY Collaborative Group, chemistry, Relative risk, business, RA, Anaesthesia Pain and Critical Care
Abstract: The RECOVERY trial is supported by a grant to the University of Oxford from UK Research and Innovation (Medical Research Council) and NIHR (MC_PC_19056) and by core funding provided by NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Wellcome, the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, the Department for International Development, Health Data Research UK, the Medical Research Council Population Health Research Unit, the NIHR Health Protection Unit in Emerging and Zoonotic Infections, and NIHR Clinical Trials Unit Support Funding. TJ is supported by a grant from UK Medical Research Council (MC_UU_0002/14) and an NIHR Senior Research Fellowship (NIHR-SRF-2015-08-001). WSL is supported by core funding provided by NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre. Background: Azithromycin has been proposed as a treatment for COVID-19 on the basis of its immunomodulatory actions. We aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of azithromycin in patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19. Methods: In this randomised, controlled, open-label, adaptive platform trial (Randomised Evaluation of COVID-19 Therapy [RECOVERY]), several possible treatments were compared with usual care in patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19 in the UK. The trial is underway at 176 hospitals in the UK. Eligible and consenting patients were randomly allocated to either usual standard of care alone or usual standard of care plus azithromycin 500 mg once per day by mouth or intravenously for 10 days or until discharge (or allocation to one of the other RECOVERY treatment groups). Patients were assigned via web-based simple (unstratified) randomisation with allocation concealment and were twice as likely to be randomly assigned to usual care than to any of the active treatment groups. Participants and local study staff were not masked to the allocated treatment, but all others involved in the trial were masked to the outcome data during the trial. The primary outcome was 28-day all-cause mortality, assessed in the intention-to-treat population. The trial is registered with ISRCTN, 50189673, and ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04381936. Findings: Between April 7 and Nov 27, 2020, of 16 442 patients enrolled in the RECOVERY trial, 9433 (57%) were eligible and 7763 were included in the assessment of azithromycin. The mean age of these study participants was 65·3 years (SD 15·7) and approximately a third were women (2944 [38%] of 7763). 2582 patients were randomly allocated to receive azithromycin and 5181 patients were randomly allocated to usual care alone. Overall, 561 (22%) patients allocated to azithromycin and 1162 (22%) patients allocated to usual care died within 28 days (rate ratio 0·97, 95% CI 0·87-1·07; p=0·50). No significant difference was seen in duration of hospital stay (median 10 days [IQR 5 to >28] vs 11 days [5 to >28]) or the proportion of patients discharged from hospital alive within 28 days (rate ratio 1·04, 95% CI 0·98-1·10; p=0·19). Among those not on invasive mechanical ventilation at baseline, no significant difference was seen in the proportion meeting the composite endpoint of invasive mechanical ventilation or death (risk ratio 0·95, 95% CI 0·87-1·03; p=0·24). Interpretation: In patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19, azithromycin did not improve survival or other prespecified clinical outcomes. Azithromycin use in patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19 should be restricted to patients in whom there is a clear antimicrobial indication. Publisher PDF
Published: 2021
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28. A Toolbox to Assist in Designing Marine Monitoring Programs for Offshore Storage Sites

Author: Marius Dewar, Rajesh J. Pawar, Bjarte Fargeras, Dorothy J. Dankel, Sarah E. Gasda, Jerry Blackford, Darren Snee, Stefan Carpentier, Guttorm Alendal, Anna Oleynik, Martha Lien, Sigrid Eskeland Schütz, Raphael J. Heffron, Katherine D. Romanak, Parisa Torabi, Holger Cremer, and Abdirahman M Omar
Subjects: Work (electrical), Computer science, Stakeholder, Systems engineering, Submarine pipeline, Toolbox, Bespoke, Highly sensitive
Abstract: Over the last few years a number of computational approaches have been developed that enable the optimisation of marine monitoring strategies for CCS. These include methods to: simulate and quantify hypothetical release events, identify highly sensitive criteria by which to distinguish anomalous biogeochemistry which may indicate a seep and define minimum deployments of monitoring platforms which guarantee an acceptable chance of detection. In order for these tools to be operationally useful it is necessary to place them in an accessible and integrated digital format that allows the methodologies to be applied coherently to multiple offshore storage sites and to answer specific stakeholder led questions around required sensitivity, cost and assurance levels. In this work we describe progress towards achieving this integration as well as the site specific data necessary to generate bespoke monitoring guidance.
Published: 2021
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29. 047 The cord, the COVID and the cancer

Author: Parisa Torabi, Robin Corkill, and Ann Johnston
Subjects: Psychiatry and Mental health, Surgery, Neurology (clinical)
Abstract: IntroductionThroughout the COVID-19 pandemic, our understanding of the relationship between COVID-19 infection and acute neurological disorders has been evolving. We present two cases of trans- verse myelitis, both with positive COVID-19 PCRs.Case 1: A 62-year old man presented with an ascending paraparesis 3 weeks after COVID-19 infection. Initial neuroimaging showed cord compression with signal change at C5/6. Repeat imaging 7 days later showed a longitudinal myelitis. CSF examination was unremarkable. He was treated with intravenous steroids and an oral taper. No other cause was identified.Case 2: A 55-year old woman presented with sub-acute back pain and worsening leg weakness over 2 weeks. She had a positive COVID-19 test on admission but was asymptomatic. Neuroimaging showed a longitudinal myelitis, but also noted a multicystic lesion within the pelvis. A CSF examination was unremark- able with negative cytology. A raised CA-125 coupled with an adnexal mass on CT-TAP was felt in keeping with ovarian malignancy which we hypothesise caused the myelitis through an immune phenomena, rather than by a para-infectious route or by COVID-19 itself.ConclusionsThese cases highlight the broad aetiology of transverse myelitis and illustrate the need for a careful search for underlying causes, which may include post-COVID syndromes.parisa.torabi@wales.nhs.uk
Published: 2022
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30. New approach to hypotensive susceptibility in reflex syncope induced by tilt testing

Author: Niccolo Casinini, Andrea Ungar, Richard Sutton, Viktor Hamrefors, Michelino Brignole, Alice Ceccofiglio, Artur Fedorowski, Parisa Torabi, Madeleine Johansson, Martina Rafanelli, Giulia Rivasi, Gianfranco Parati, and Irene Marozzi
Subjects: Bradycardia, medicine.medical_specialty, biology, business.industry, Syncope (genus), Hemodynamics, biology.organism_classification, Logistic regression, Cardiovascular physiology, Orthostatic vital signs, Blood pressure, Internal medicine, Heart rate, medicine, Cardiology, medicine.symptom, business
Abstract: Introduction Why some individuals with similar demographic characteristics develop syncope during tilt testing (TT) and others do not is unknown and low test sensitivity is claimed. We sought an alternative explanation; resting cardiovascular physiology differs in patients with positive and negative TT. Methods We analyzed age, gender, systolic (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and heart rate (HR) using three large syncope patient databases comparing tilt-positive with tilt-negative results after excluding orthostatic hypotension. Positive tilt-response, confirming reflex syncope, was defined as reproduction of spontaneous symptoms with characteristic bradycardia and/or hypotension. Impact of demographic, hemodynamic parameters and prevalent hypertension on TT positivity were assessed using logistic regression models. Results Records of 5236 patients (45% males; mean age, 60±22 years; 32% on antihypertensive therapy) were analyzed. TT was positive in 3129 (60%) and tilt-positive patients had lower SBP (127.2±17.9 vs 129.7±18.0 mmHg, p
Published: 2020
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31. Age-related tilt test responses in patients with suspected reflex syncope

Author: Parisa Torabi, Michele Brignole, Gianmarco Secco, Andrea Ungar, Artur Fedorowski, Giulia Rivasi, and Richard Sutton
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Hemodynamics, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Syncope, 03 medical and health sciences, Tilt table test, 0302 clinical medicine, Tilt-Table Test, Physiology (medical), Internal medicine, Reflex, medicine, Syncope, Vasovagal, Humans, In patient, 030212 general & internal medicine, Reflex syncope, Vasovagal syncope, Aged, Retrospective Studies, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Pathophysiology, Blood pressure, Ageing, Cardiology, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business
Abstract: Aims Tilt testing (TT) is recognized to be a valuable contribution to the diagnosis and the pathophysiology of vasovagal syncope (VVS). This study aimed to assess the influence of age on TT responses by examination of a large patient cohort. Methods and results Retrospective data from three experienced European Syncope Units were merged to include 5236 patients investigated for suspected VVS by the Italian TT protocol. Tilt testing-positivity rates and haemodynamics were analysed across age-decade subgroups. Of 5236 investigated patients, 3129 (60%) had a positive TT. Cardioinhibitory responses accounted for 16.5% of positive tests and were more common in younger patients, decreasing from the age of 50–59 years. Vasodepressor (VD) responses accounted for 24.4% of positive tests and prevailed in older patients, starting from the age of 50–59. Mixed responses (59.1% of cases) declined slightly with increasing age. Overall, TT positivity showed a similar age-related trend (P = 0.0001) and was significantly related to baseline systolic blood pressure (P Conclusions Age significantly impacts the haemodynamic pattern of TT responses, starting from the age of 50. Conversely, TT phase—passive or TNG-potentiated—does not significantly influence the type of response, when age-adjusted. Vagal hyperactivity dominates in younger patients, older patients show tendency to vasodepression.
Published: 2020

32. Evaluation of nutritional status, food intake and food waste costs in ‎hospitalized patients, considering relevant causes and finding possible ‎solutions: Protocol of a mixed-method study (Preprint)

Author: Maryam Amini, Bahareh Nikooyeh, Delaram Ghodsi, Parisa Torabi, and Tirang Reza Neyestani
Abstract: BACKGROUND Hospitalization may seriously affect patients’ nutritional status and may ‎occasionally be accompanied by malnutrition development or aggravation. Food intake is ‎often altered during hospitalization, which is tightly connected to malnutrition. On the other ‎hand, a huge amount of plate food wasted by patients, in addition to its health consequences, ‎has enormous economic and environmental expenses for governments and societies. OBJECTIVE This ‎investigation aims firstly to assess the nutritional status of the patients hospitalized in general ‎wards and secondly to evaluate the quantity and financial burden of patients’ food waste ‎along with its possible nutritional outcomes.‎ METHODS A mixed-method study is performed in three general hospitals in Tehran. Adult ‎inpatients with eligibility criteria are recruited to the study from medical and surgical ‎wards. Anthropometric and demographic data are collected and energy and protein intakes ‎are extracted from a 24-hour food recall. Plate food wastes of eligible patients are weighed ‎in breakfast, lunch, and snacks during one day. Then, the economic cost of food waste is ‎calculated for each meal, patient, and ward. Nutritional status is determined through the ‎following methods: 1. Subjective criteria (Mini Nutritional Assessment and Subjective ‎Global Assessment tools) for malnutrition; 2. Measuring serum albumin, pre-albumin and ‎total protein for protein status; 3. Measuring serum retinol and 25-hydroxycalciferol assay ‎to assess certain micronutrient status (vitamins A and D); and 4. Examination of serum β-‎carotene, total antioxidant capacity, malondialdehyde, and highly sensitive C-reactive ‎protein to determine oxidative stress and inflammatory status. Also, a qualitative study is ‎conducted to evaluate the possible reasons for wasting food in these hospitals.‎ RESULTS ----- CONCLUSIONS This study will provide appropriate data regarding the health and economic burden ‎of food waste in studied hospitals. These data are especially useful to healthcare authorities ‎and policymakers for planning efficient solutions to decrease food waste and to improve ‎patients' nutritional status. ‎
Published: 2020
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33. Assessment of nutritional status of hospitalized patients including their food intake and evaluation of food waste, its causes and consequences in some selected Tehran hospitals: a cross-sectional study protocol

Author: Delaralm Ghodsi, Parisa Torabi, Maryam Amini, Bahareh Nikooyeh, Tirang R. Neyestani, and Razieh Anari
Subjects: Protocol (science), Food intake, Food waste, Hospitalized patients, business.industry, Cross-sectional study, Environmental health, Medicine, Nutritional status, business
Abstract: Background: Hospitalization may seriously affect patients’ nutritional status and may occasionally be accompanied by malnutrition development or aggravation. Food intake is often altered during hospitalization, which is tightly connected to malnutrition. On the other hand, a huge amount of plate food wasted by patients, in addition to its health consequences, has enormous economic and environmental expenses for governments and societies. This investigation aims firstly to assess nutritional status of the patients hospitalized in general wards and secondly to evaluate the quantity and financial burden of patients’ food waste along with its possible nutritional outcomes.Methods: A cross-sectional study is performed on 171 adult inpatients with eligibility criteria from medical and surgical wards of three general hospitals in Tehran. Nutritional status of patients is evaluated through the following methods: 1. Assessment of malnutrition using subjective criteria (Mini Nutritional Assessment and Subjective Global Assessment tools); 2. Assessment of protein status using determination of serum albumin, pre-albumin and total protein; and 3. Assessment of certain micronutrient status notably vitamins A and D using serum retinol and 25-hydroxycalciferol assay. Also, oxidative stress and inflammatory status are evaluated using examination of serum β-carotene, total antioxidant capacity, malondialdehyde and highly sensitive C-reactive protein. Anthropometric and demographic data are collected and energy and protein intakes are extracted from a 24-hour food recall. Plate food wastes for selected patients are weighed in breakfast, lunch and snacks for one day. Then, economic cost of food waste is calculated for each meal, patient and ward. Finally, the possible reasons for wasting food in these hospitals will be evaluated through conducting a qualitative study.Discussion: Findings of this study will provide appropriate data regarding health and economic burden of food waste in studied hospitals. These data are especially useful to healthcare authorities and policy makers for planning efficient solutions to decrease food waste and to improve patients' nutritional status.
Published: 2020
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34. 10th Royan Institute's International Summer School on 'Molecular Biomedicine: From Diagnostics to Therapeutics'

Author: Arezoo Rasti, Saeed Mohebbi, Piter J. Bosma, Parisa Torabi, Jafar Kiani, Mehdi Shamsara, Maryam Ghotbaddini, Sadegh Babashah, Farnoush Faridbod, Samira Gholami, Hamid Sadeghi-Abandansari, Vahid Khoddami, Morteza Hosseini, Sara Amjadian, Faezeh Shekari, Mohammad Kazemi-Ashtiani, Sharif Moradi, Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, AGEM - Endocrinology, metabolism and nutrition, and AGEM - Inborn errors of metabolism
Subjects: Engineering, Schools, business.industry, molecular biomedicine, Early detection, Biomolecular engineering, biomolecular engineering, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, molecular diagnosis, Humans, Engineering ethics, prognosis, business, early detection, Biomedicine
Published: 2020

35. Monitoring offshore CO2 storage projects, aligning capabilities with regulations and public expectations

Author: Holger Cremer, Marius Dewar, Jerry Blackford, Bjarte Fagerås, Abdirahman M Omar, Rajesh J. Pawar, Kristian Gundersen, Parisa Torabi, Darren Snee, Sarah E. Gasda, Martha Lien, Stefan Carpentier, Dorothy J. Dankel, Guttorm Alendal, Raphael J. Heffron, Anna Oleynik, Katherine D. Romanak, and Sigrid Eskeland Schütz
Subjects: business.industry, Environmental resource management, Submarine pipeline, Business, Co2 storage
Abstract: We will report on preliminary results and present plans for the continuation of an international project, ACTOM. The overall objective of ACTOM is to develop internationally applicable capabilities to design and execute adequate, rigorous and cost-effective monitoring of offshore carbon storage projects, aligning industrial, societal and regulative expectations with technological capabilities and limitations.At the core of the project is a web based pre-operational tool-kit that will deliver new abilities to design a site specific marine monitoring program that will ultimately:enable regulators to quantifiably assess that a proposed monitoring strategy delivers an acceptable standard of assurance, enable operators to properly plan, cost and adapt monitoring strategies to site specific circumstances, enable regulators and operators to communicate to the effectiveness of proposed monitoring strategies to enable informed societal consensus in view of marine spatial planning. Responsible Research and Innovation (RRI) is an approach to anticipate and assess implications and expectations of new technologies on the society, a framework increasingly being used in marine environmental studies and in biotechnology and innovation. We use this framework on Carbon Capture Usage and Storage (CCUS), considering the technology in view of the UN Sustainable Development Goals. In an extension of this, potential legal conflicts between storage projects or other uses of the seas, will be addressed in view of marine spatial planning. By viewing CCUS and offshore storage in view of Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) and in the RRI framework, the aim is to ease communicating the benefits of the technology while addressing the uncertainties and risks in a coherent way.This work is part of the project ACTOM, funded through the ACT programme (Accelerating CCS Technologies, Horizon2020 Project No 294766). Financial contributions made from; The Research Council of Norway, (RCN), Norway, Netherlands Enterprise Agency (RVO), Netherlands, Department for Business, Energy & Industrial Strategy (BEIS) together with extra funding from NERC and EPSRC research councils, United Kingdom, US-Department of Energy (US-DOE), USA. In-kind contributions from the University of Bergen are gratefully acknowledged.
Published: 2020
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36. Fatty acid composition of Iranian sweetened confectionery creams, with an emphasis on trans fatty acids

Author: Sareh Kargar, Mannan Hajimahmoodi, Fatemeh Moraffah, Zeinab Pourjabar, Parisa Torabi, and Mohsen Amini
Subjects: Chemistry, Food supply, food and beverages, Palm kernel oil, Fatty acid composition, Food science, World health, Cis–trans isomerism, Food Science
Abstract: Increased trans fatty acids (TFA) intake is significantly associated with the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Elimination of TFA from food supply is the World Health Organization goal by 2023. This study aimed to determine the fatty acid composition of sweetened confectionery creams, sold in the Iranian market. A gas chromatographic method was used to quantify fatty acids content of 102 samples, which were grouped as commercial brands (n 34) and cream filled pastries (n 68). Fourteen samples of commercial brands and thirteen samples of cream filled pastries had greater TFA content than Iran’s national limit of 2% of total fatty acids for this product. Evaluation of TFA isomers revealed that C18:1 trans isomers had higher amounts than C18:2 and C18:3 trans isomers in all samples. Besides, the mean values of saturated fatty acids (SFA) exceeded the national limit of 60% of total fatty acids. It confirmed that efforts to reduce TFA content have led to an increase in SFA. This could be related to substitution of partially hydrogenated fats with palm and palm kernel oil in formulation. The present study emphasizes that further improvements are needed to reduce the TFA and SFA content of sweetened confectionery creams and replace unsaturated fatty acids as nutritional substitutes.
Published: 2022
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37. Study on sterol fraction of commercial brands of milk, yoghurt and butter sold in Iranian market and chemometric data analysis

Author: Alale Taghavianpour, Sourena Jafari-Semnani, Zeinab Pourjabar, Naficeh Sadeghi, Mannan Hajimahmoodi, Parisa Torabi, and Akram Rostami
Subjects: Bovine milk, 0404 agricultural biotechnology, Chemistry, Process Chemistry and Technology, Bioengineering, Fraction (chemistry), 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Food science, 040401 food science, Sterol, Food Science
Published: 2018
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38. Impact of cardiovascular neurohormones on onset of vasovagal syncope induced by head-up tilt

Author: Richard Sutton, Artur Fedorowski, Fabrizio Ricci, David G. Benditt, Viktor Hamrefors, Olle Melander, and Parisa Torabi
Subjects: Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Supine position, Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Cardiovascular System, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, AGE, Tilt-Table Test, Internal medicine, medicine, Syncope, Vasovagal, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Vasovagal syncope, 1102 Cardiorespiratory Medicine and Haematology, Aged, Neurotransmitter Agents, Science & Technology, Vagovagal reflex, biology, PLASMA, business.industry, Syncope (genus), Head up tilt, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, biology.organism_classification, Neurocardiology, NITROGLYCERIN, ADRENOMEDULLIN, syncope, Cardiology, Reflex, Cardiovascular System & Cardiology, biomarker, neurocardiology, Female, autonomic function, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, Neurohormones, business, Life Sciences & Biomedicine
Abstract: Background Vasovagal reflex is the most common form of syncope, but the pathophysiological mechanisms that initiate the reflex are not well understood. We aimed to study supine and early orthostatic levels of the neurohormones involved in control of circulatory homeostasis in relation to the onset of tilt‐induced vasovagal syncope (VVS). Methods and Results A total of 827 patients who were investigated for unexplained syncope with head‐up tilt test (HUT) and optional nitroglycerin provocation (Italian protocol) had blood samples collected while supine and after 3‐minutes of HUT. Of these, 173 (20.9%) patients developed VVS during drug‐free HUT, 161 of whom (males 44.7%; age 45±21 years) had complete data. We analyzed levels of epinephrine, norepinephrine, C‐terminal pro–arginine vasopressin, C‐terminal endothelin‐1, and midregional fragments of pro–atrial natriuretic peptide and pro‐adrenomedullin in relation to time from tilt‐up to onset of VVS. We applied a linear regression model adjusted for age and sex. The mean time to syncope was 11±7 minutes. Older age (β=0.13; SE=0.03, P P =0.02), and higher supine midregional fragment of pro‐adrenomedullin predicted longer time to syncope (β=2.31; SE=0.77, P =0.003), whereas supine levels of other neurohormones were not associated with time to syncope. Among 151 patients who developed VVS later than 3 minutes of HUT, increase in epinephrine (β=−3.24; SE=0.78, P P =0.001) at 3 minutes of HUT were related to shorter time to syncope. Conclusions Older age, higher blood pressure, and higher level of pro‐adrenomedullin are associated with later onset of VVS during tilt testing, whereas greater increase of tilt‐induced epinephrine and vasopressin release correlate with shorter time to syncope.
Published: 2019

39. Energy-Landscape Optimization for Land Use Planning. Application in the Barcelona Metropolitan Area

Author: Parisa Torabi, Aureli Alabert, Tarik Serrano, Roc Padró, Joan Marull, and Maria José La Rota
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Land use, business.industry, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Ecological Modeling, Urban sprawl, Context (language use), Land-use planning, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Metropolitan area, Geography, Agriculture, Agricultural productivity, business, Environmental planning, Landscape planning
Abstract: Rapid population growth and urban expansion in metropolitan areas have led to a dramatic increase in food demand. In most cases, urban sprawl occurs in unplanned ways, forcing peri-urban agriculture to adopt detrimental practices for biodiversity conservation and metabolic efficiency (i.e. landscape homogenization and dependence on non-renewable external inputs), facing the food-biodiversity dilemma. In order to ameliorate these negative effects over the metropolitan socioecological system, researchers have focused on developing comprehensive indicators to support sustainable urban expansion in metropolitan areas. In this paper, we use these indicators to develop an Energy-Landscape Optimization (E-LO), a nonlinear model designed for land use planning by means of considering biophysical constraints. Then, we test the model in a representative Mediterranean bio-cultural landscape in the Barcelona metropolitan area (Spain). The E-LO results allow us to propose different land use configurations for both conventional and organic agriculture, taking into account the associated socio-metabolic balances and the related landscape functional structures, with the aim to meet different societal objectives. We have fruitfully tested three settings: i) to increase conditions to host farm associated biodiversity, ii) to increase agricultural production, and iii) to minimize dependence on non-renewable external inputs. According to these socioecological objectives, we have obtained the best landscape-metabolism integration, which is a useful methodology for sustainable land use policy. This socioecological perspective is necessary for the new paradigm on agroecosystem management and landscape planning, and can help advancing towards functional green infrastructures in metropolitan areas, especially in the climate change and agroecological transition global context.
Published: 2020
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40. Sodium benzoate and potassium sorbate preservatives in Iranian doogh

Author: F Zamani Mazdeh, Zhila Moradi-Khatoonabadi, Parisa Torabi, Mannan Hajimahmoodi, M.R. Shams Ardekani, M Shaneshin, and F Esmaeili Aftabdari
Subjects: Detection limit, Preservative, Chromatography, Potassium sorbate, Chemistry, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Iran, Toxicology, High-performance liquid chromatography, Sorbic Acid, Diet, Beverages, chemistry.chemical_compound, Limit of Detection, Sodium Benzoate, Food Preservatives, Sodium benzoate, Humans, Dairy Products, Uv detection, Ammonium acetate, Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid, Food Science
Abstract: Sodium benzoate and potassium sorbate are two common preservatives used in Iran, yet use of these preservatives in doogh (Iranian dairy-based drink) is forbidden according to national standards. The aim of this study was to consider the presence of these preservatives in doogh by high-performance liquid chromatography with UV detection (HPLC-UV). The method was performed using a C18 column and detection at 225 nm. The mobile phase contained ammonium acetate buffer (pH = 4.2) and acetonitrile (80:20 v/v). The survey included 130 samples of doogh for identification and quantification of the named preservatives. All samples contained sodium benzoate, but potassium sorbate was detected in only 13% of them. The means of benzoate and sorbate were 21.3 ± 2.7 and 13.3 ± 39.6 mg kg(-1), respectively. The limits of detection were 2 and 40 ng g(-1) for benzoate and sorbate, respectively. Results indicate that sodium benzoate may occur in doogh naturally.
Published: 2014
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41. The frequency of bacterial contamination and diversity of drug resistance patterns in devices and staff of endoscopy and colonoscopy units

Author: Parisa Torabi, Leili Afrisham, Zahra Hasani, Mohammad Reza Zali, Masoumeh Azimirad, Masoud Alebouyeh, and Amir Houshang Mohammad Alizadeh
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, medicine.drug_class, Cefepime, 030106 microbiology, Cephalosporin, Antibiotics, Drug resistance, Microbiology, 03 medical and health sciences, Gastroenterology unit, Antibiotic resistance, Staphylococcus epidermidis, medicine, Cross-contamination, Imaging devices, biology, business.industry, General Medicine, Clostridium difficile, Contamination, biology.organism_classification, Original Article, Antimicrobial Resistance, business, Bacterial contamination, medicine.drug
Abstract: Background: This study aimed at analyzing microbial contamination in medical equipment, environment, and staff of a gastroenterology unit. Methods: Samples of gastrointestinal imaging devices, the environment, and staff were collected using standard swab-rinse technique and biochemical or molecular characteristics of the isolates, their susceptibility to antibiotics, and similarity of the resistance patterns were investigated. Results: Out of 107 samples, bacterial contamination was detected in the hands of staff (54.1%), imaging devices (56.7%), and in the environment (54.5%). While Pseudomonas spp. were detected only in the imaging devices (13.5%), Bacillus spp. (32.4% and 31.5%), Enterococcus spp. (14.3% and 5.9%), Clostridium difficile (10.8% and 10.5%), and Staphylococcus epidermidis (5.4% and 15.9%) were orderly the most common isolates from samples of the imaging devices and the environment. Nearly, 40% of P. aeruginosa strains were resistant to cefepime, while resistance to cephalosporins and β-lactamase inhibitor was detected in 33% and 75% of S. aureus strains, respectively. Homology of resistance patterns was detected between the imaging devices and hands of the staff. Conclusion: Our results proposed biofilm and spore forming bacteria as main contaminants of imaging devices in this hospital. Homology of the resistance patterns proposed involvement of staff in contamination of the equipment.
Published: 2017

42. Frequency of Clostridium difficile among patients with gastrointestinal complaints

Author: Ehsan, Nazemalhosseini-Mojarad, Masoumeh, Azimirad, Maryam, Razaghi, Parisa, Torabi, Ali, Moosavi, Masoud, Alebouyeh, Mohammad Mehdi, Aslani, and Mohammad Reza, Zali
Subjects: Gastrointestinal complaints, Original Article, Clostridium difficile, Iran
Abstract: Aim In this study, the prevalence of C. difficile, from patients with gastrointestinal complaints and its association with other enteropathogen microbes were investigated. Background Clostridium difficile is an important pathogen associated with outbreaks of pseudomembranous colitis and other intestinal disorders, such as diarrhea. Patients and methods Enterotoxin and cytotoxin (toxin A and toxin B) of C. difficile on the patient's stool samples were detected by a double sandwich enzyme-linked Immunosorbant assay technique using a commercial kit (Premier toxins A & B; Generic Assays, Inc., Germany). The microbial isolation and examination was done, according to the standard identification methods. Results Out of 356 individuals (57.6% male and 42.4% female) the results of C. difficile were positive for 19 patients (5.3%) and negative for 337 patients (94.6%) according to the results of C. difficile antigen kit. There was no association between the existence of C. difficile toxin and microbial population or antibiotic usage. Conclusion This prevalence study clearly supports the hypothesis of a probable role of C.difficile in developing gastrointestinal complaints in patients with diarrhea. More studies are needed to evaluate the role of C. difficile in these diseases.
Published: 2011

43. Phage therapy: assessment of the efficacy of a bacteriophage isolated in the treatment of salmonellosis induced by Salmonella enteritidis in mice.

Author: Nikkhahi, Farhad, Soltan Dallal, Mohammad Mehdi, Alimohammadi, Mahmood, Foroushani, Abbas Rahimi, Rajabi, Zahra, Fardsanei, Fatemeh, Imeni, Seyed Mostafa, and Bonab, Parisa Torabi
Abstract: Aim: This work aims to isolate and perform comparative studies of a phages active against a Salmonella enteritidis strain from Iran. Also, suitable phage candidates for therapy of mice will be selected. Background: Bacteriophage is of particular interest as a biocontrol agent in the prevention of food-borne illnesses. In recent years tend to use bacteriophages to control pathogenic bacteria has increased. A bacteriophage is considered to be a potent antibiotic alternative for treating bacterial infections. Methods: the specific phages against Salmonella Enteritidis was isolated and candidates for therapy of mice will be selected. Mouses divided into the six specific groups. Groups of mice were as follows: A: Bacteri (control) B: Bacteri+ bacteriophage (Simultaneous), C: Bacteri + bacteriophage Four days later, D: Bacteriophage + bacteri four days later E: Bacteri+ Ciprofloxacin (Simultaneous) F: Bacteri+ ciprofloxacin+ bacteriophage (Simultaneous). Results: In this study, a lytic bacteriophage is isolated and it shows that phage has a head size of 46 nm and without a tail, by using an electron microscope. Oral administration of a single dose of 2 x 109 PFU/mouse bacteriophage enable to protect mouse against salmonellosis and it causes treatment of salmonellosis in mice. Conclusion: The use of this phage compared to ciprofloxacin shows that in addition of the treatment of mouse, it also prevents weight loss. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2017

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