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1. Geological, multispectral, and meteorological imaging results from the Mars 2020 Perseverance rover in Jezero crater

Author

Bell, James F., primary, Maki, Justin N., additional, Alwmark, Sanna, additional, Ehlmann, Bethany L., additional, Fagents, Sarah A., additional, Grotzinger, John P., additional, Gupta, Sanjeev, additional, Hayes, Alexander, additional, Herkenhoff, Ken E., additional, Horgan, Briony H. N., additional, Johnson, Jeffrey R., additional, Kinch, Kjartan B., additional, Lemmon, Mark T., additional, Madsen, Morten B., additional, Núñez, Jorge I., additional, Paar, Gerhard, additional, Rice, Melissa, additional, Rice, James W., additional, Schmitz, Nicole, additional, Sullivan, Robert, additional, Vaughan, Alicia, additional, Wolff, Mike J., additional, Bechtold, Andreas, additional, Bosak, Tanja, additional, Duflot, Louise E., additional, Fairén, Alberto G., additional, Garczynski, Brad, additional, Jaumann, Ralf, additional, Merusi, Marco, additional, Million, Chase, additional, Ravanis, Eleni, additional, Shuster, David L., additional, Simon, Justin, additional, St. Clair, Michael, additional, Tate, Christian, additional, Walter, Sebastian, additional, Weiss, Benjamin, additional, Bailey, Alyssa M., additional, Bertrand, Tanguy, additional, Beyssac, Olivier, additional, Brown, Adrian J., additional, Caballo-Perucha, Piluca, additional, Caplinger, Michael A., additional, Caudill, Christy M., additional, Cary, Francesca, additional, Cisneros, Ernest, additional, Cloutis, Edward A., additional, Cluff, Nathan, additional, Corlies, Paul, additional, Crawford, Kelsie, additional, Curtis, Sabrina, additional, Deen, Robert, additional, Dixon, Darian, additional, Donaldson, Christopher, additional, Barrington, Megan, additional, Ficht, Michelle, additional, Fleron, Stephanie, additional, Hansen, Michael, additional, Harker, David, additional, Howson, Rachel, additional, Huggett, Joshua, additional, Jacob, Samantha, additional, Jensen, Elsa, additional, Jensen, Ole B., additional, Jodhpurkar, Mohini, additional, Joseph, Jonathan, additional, Juarez, Christian, additional, Kah, Linda C., additional, Kanine, Oak, additional, Kristensen, Jessica, additional, Kubacki, Tex, additional, Lapo, Kristiana, additional, Magee, Angela, additional, Maimone, Michael, additional, Mehall, Greg L., additional, Mehall, Laura, additional, Mollerup, Jess, additional, Viúdez-Moreiras, Daniel, additional, Paris, Kristen, additional, Powell, Kathryn E., additional, Preusker, Frank, additional, Proton, Jon, additional, Rojas, Corrine, additional, Sallurday, Danny, additional, Saxton, Kim, additional, Scheller, Eva, additional, Seeger, Christiana H., additional, Starr, Mason, additional, Stein, Nathan, additional, Turenne, Nathalie, additional, Van Beek, Jason, additional, Winhold, Andrew G., additional, and Yingling, Rachel, additional

Published
2022
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2. The Mastcam-Z Radiometric Calibration Targets on NASA's Perseverance Rover: Derived Irradiance Time-Series, Dust Deposition, and Performance over the First 350 Sols on Mars.

Author

Merusi, Marco, primary, Kinch, Kjartan Münster, additional, Madsen, Morten Bo, additional, Bell III, James F., additional, Maki, Justin N., additional, Hayes, Alexander G., additional, Joseph, Jonathan, additional, Johnson, Jeffrey R., additional, Rice, Meiissa, additional, Cloutis, Edward, additional, Applin, Daniel, additional, Lemmon, Mark T, additional, Vaughan, Alicia Fallacaro, additional, Núñez, Jorge I., additional, Jensen, Elsa, additional, Kristensen, Jessica Z., additional, Paris, Kristen, additional, Cisneros, Ernest, additional, Kennedy, Megan R, additional, and Gasnault, Olivier, additional

Published
2022
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3. MASTCAM-Z IN JEZERO CRATER: OVERVIEW AND STATUS UPDATE

Author

Maki, J., Bell III, James F., Mehall, G., Ravine, M. A., Caplinger, M. A., Saxton, K. N., Kinch, K., Madsen, M.B., Rice, M S, Cisneros, E., Ehlmann, B. L., Hayes, Alex, Horgan, B., Jensen, E., Johnson, J. R., Paris, Kristen, Winhold, A., Betts, Bruce H., Wolff, M.J., Bailey, A., Barrington, M.N., Cloutis, E., Cluff, N., Coates, A., Colaprete, A., Corlies, P, Crawford, K., Deen, R. G., Edgett, K., Fagents, Sarah, Fleron, S.Z., Grotzinger, J. P., Gwinner, Klaus, Hansen, M.D., Hardgrove, C., Herkenhoff, K. E., Jaumann, R., Lemmon, M., Mehall, L., Núnez, Jorge I., Paar, G., Caballo-Perucha, P., Preusker, Frank, Robinson, M.S., Rojas, C., Schmitz, Nicole, Stein, N. T., Sullivan, R., Tate, C., Vaughan, A., Million, Chase, St. Clair, M., Proton, J. B., and Merusi, M.

Subjects
Morphology, Mastcam-Z, Jezero Crater, Multispectral, Mars 2020, Mars, Geology, Perseverance, Imaging
Published
2022

4. Geological, multispectral, and meteorological imaging results from the Mars 2020 Perseverance rover in Jezero crater

Author

Bell, James F., Maki, Justin N., Alwmark, Sanna, Ehlmann, Bethany L., Fagents, Sarah A., Grotzinger, John P., Gupta, Sanjeev, Hayes, Alexander, Herkenhoff, Ken E., Horgan, Briony H. N., Johnson, Jeffrey R., Kinch, Kjartan B., Lemmon, Mark T., Madsen, Morten B., Nunez, Jorge, Paar, Gerhard, Rice, Melissa, Rice, James W., Schmitz, Nicole, Sullivan, Robert, Vaughan, Alicia, Wolff, Mike J., Bechtold, Andreas, Bosak, Tanja, Duflot, Louise E., Fairen, Alberto G., Garczynski, Brad, Jaumann, Ralf, Merusi, Marco, Million, Chase, Ravanis, Eleni, Shuster, David L., Simon, Justin, St Clair, Michael, Tate, Christian, Walter, Sebastian, Weiss, Benjamin, Bailey, Alyssa M., Bertrand, Tanguy, Beyssac, Olivier, Brown, Adrian J., Caballo-Perucha, Piluca, Caplinger, Michael A., Caudill, Christy M., Cary, Francesca, Cisneros, Ernest, Cloutis, Edward A., Cluff, Nathan, Corlies, Paul, Crawford, Kelsie, Curtis, Sabrina, Deen, Robert, Dixon, Darian, Donaldson, Christopher, Barrington, Megan, Ficht, Michelle, Fleron, Stephanie, Hansen, Michael, Harker, David, Howson, Rachel, Huggett, Joshua, Jacob, Samantha, Jensen, Elsa, Jensen, Ole B., Jodhpurkar, Mohini, Joseph, Jonathan, Juarez, Christian, Kah, Linda C., Kanine, Oak, Kristensen, Jessica, Kubacki, Tex, Lapo, Kristiana, Magee, Angela, Maimone, Michael, Mehall, Greg L., Mehall, Laura, Mollerup, Jess, Viudez-Moreiras, Daniel, Paris, Kristen, Powell, Kathryn E., Preusker, Frank, Proton, Jon, Rojas, Corrine, Sallurday, Danny, Saxton, Kim, Scheller, Eva, Seeger, Christiana H., Starr, Mason, Stein, Nathan, Turenne, Nathalie, Van Beek, Jason, Winhold, Andrew G., Yingling, Rachel, Bell, James F., Maki, Justin N., Alwmark, Sanna, Ehlmann, Bethany L., Fagents, Sarah A., Grotzinger, John P., Gupta, Sanjeev, Hayes, Alexander, Herkenhoff, Ken E., Horgan, Briony H. N., Johnson, Jeffrey R., Kinch, Kjartan B., Lemmon, Mark T., Madsen, Morten B., Nunez, Jorge, Paar, Gerhard, Rice, Melissa, Rice, James W., Schmitz, Nicole, Sullivan, Robert, Vaughan, Alicia, Wolff, Mike J., Bechtold, Andreas, Bosak, Tanja, Duflot, Louise E., Fairen, Alberto G., Garczynski, Brad, Jaumann, Ralf, Merusi, Marco, Million, Chase, Ravanis, Eleni, Shuster, David L., Simon, Justin, St Clair, Michael, Tate, Christian, Walter, Sebastian, Weiss, Benjamin, Bailey, Alyssa M., Bertrand, Tanguy, Beyssac, Olivier, Brown, Adrian J., Caballo-Perucha, Piluca, Caplinger, Michael A., Caudill, Christy M., Cary, Francesca, Cisneros, Ernest, Cloutis, Edward A., Cluff, Nathan, Corlies, Paul, Crawford, Kelsie, Curtis, Sabrina, Deen, Robert, Dixon, Darian, Donaldson, Christopher, Barrington, Megan, Ficht, Michelle, Fleron, Stephanie, Hansen, Michael, Harker, David, Howson, Rachel, Huggett, Joshua, Jacob, Samantha, Jensen, Elsa, Jensen, Ole B., Jodhpurkar, Mohini, Joseph, Jonathan, Juarez, Christian, Kah, Linda C., Kanine, Oak, Kristensen, Jessica, Kubacki, Tex, Lapo, Kristiana, Magee, Angela, Maimone, Michael, Mehall, Greg L., Mehall, Laura, Mollerup, Jess, Viudez-Moreiras, Daniel, Paris, Kristen, Powell, Kathryn E., Preusker, Frank, Proton, Jon, Rojas, Corrine, Sallurday, Danny, Saxton, Kim, Scheller, Eva, Seeger, Christiana H., Starr, Mason, Stein, Nathan, Turenne, Nathalie, Van Beek, Jason, Winhold, Andrew G., and Yingling, Rachel

Abstract

Perseverance's Mastcam-Z instrument provides high-resolution stereo and multispectral images with a unique combination of spatial resolution, spatial coverage, and wavelength coverage along the rover's traverse in Jezero crater, Mars. Images reveal rocks consistent with an igneous (including volcanic and/or volcaniclastic) and/or impactite origin and limited aqueous alteration, including polygonally fractured rocks with weathered coatings; massive boulder-forming bedrock consisting of mafic silicates, ferric oxides, and/or iron-bearing alteration minerals; and coarsely layered outcrops dominated by olivine. Pyroxene dominates the iron-bearing mineralogy in the finegrained regolith, while olivine dominates the coarse-grained regolith. Solar and atmospheric imaging observations show significant intra- and intersol variations in dust optical depth and water ice clouds, as well as unique examples of boundary layer vortex action from both natural (dust devil) and Ingenuity helicopter-induced dust lifting. High-resolution stereo imaging also provides geologic context for rover operations, other instrument observations, and sample selection, characterization, and confirmation.

Published
2022

5. The Mastcam-Z Radiometric Calibration Targets on NASA's Perseverance Rover: Derived Irradiance Time-Series, Dust Deposition, and Performance Over the First 350 Sols on Mars

Author

Merusi, Marco, Kinch, Kjartan Münster, Madsen, Morten Bo, Bell III, James F., Maki, Justin N., Hayes, Alexander G., Joseph, Jonathan, Johnson, Jeffrey R., Rice, Melissa, Cloutis, Edward A., Applin, Dan, Lemmon, Mark T., Vaughan, Alicia F., Núñez, Jorge I., Jensen, Elsa, Kristensen, Jessica Zimmer, Paris, Kristen, Cisneros, Ernest, Kennedy, Megan R., Gasnault, Olivier, Merusi, Marco, Kinch, Kjartan Münster, Madsen, Morten Bo, Bell III, James F., Maki, Justin N., Hayes, Alexander G., Joseph, Jonathan, Johnson, Jeffrey R., Rice, Melissa, Cloutis, Edward A., Applin, Dan, Lemmon, Mark T., Vaughan, Alicia F., Núñez, Jorge I., Jensen, Elsa, Kristensen, Jessica Zimmer, Paris, Kristen, Cisneros, Ernest, Kennedy, Megan R., and Gasnault, Olivier

Abstract

The Mastcam-Z radiometric calibration targets mounted on the NASA's Perseverance rover proved to be effective in the calibration of Mastcam-Z images to reflectance (I/F) over the first 350 sols on Mars. Mastcam-Z imaged the calibration targets regularly to perform reflectance calibration on multispectral image sets of targets on the Martian surface. For each calibration target image, mean radiance values were extracted for 41 distinct regions of the targets, including patches of color and grayscale materials. Eight strong permanent magnets, placed under the primary target, attracted magnetic dust and repelled it from central surfaces, allowing the extraction of radiance values from eight regions relatively clean from dust. These radiances were combined with reflectances obtained from laboratory measurements, a one-term linear fit model was applied, and the slopes of the fits were retrieved as estimates of the solar irradiance and used to convert Mastcam-Z images from radiance to reflectance. Derived irradiance time series are smoothly varying in line with expectations based on the changing Mars-Sun distance, being only perturbed by a few significant dust events. The deposition of dust on the calibration targets was largely concentrated on the magnets, ensuring a minimal influence of dust on the calibration process. The fraction of sunlight directly hitting the calibration targets was negatively correlated with the atmospheric optical depth, as expected. Further investigation will aim at explaining the origin of a small offset observed in the fit model employed for calibration, and the causes of a yellowing effect affecting one of the calibration targets materials.

Published
2022

6. The Importance of Field Studies for Closing Key Knowledge Gaps in Planetary Science

Author

Whelley, Patrick, primary, Achilles, Cherie N., additional, Baldridge, Alice M., additional, Banks, Maria E., additional, Bell, Ernest, additional, Bernhardt, Hannes, additional, Bishop, Janice, additional, Blank, Jennifer G., additional, Bower, Dina M., additional, Byrne, Shane, additional, Clark, Jaclyn, additional, Crown, David A., additional, Crumpler, Larry S., additional, Czarnecki, Sean, additional, Davies, Ashly, additional, Wet, Andrew de, additional, Dean, Jake W., additional, Dibb, Steven, additional, Dong, Chuanfei, additional, Edgar, Lauren A., additional, Fagents, Sarah, additional, Glotch, Timothy D., additional, Goudge, Timothy A., additional, Graettinger, Alison H., additional, Graff, Trevor G., additional, Gullikson, Amber L., additional, Hamilton, Christopher W., additional, Honniball, Casey I., additional, Hubbard, Kevin, additional, Kerber, Laura, additional, Kestay, Laszlo, additional, Kobs-Nawotniak, Shannon, additional, Lane, Melissa D., additional, Lau, Graham, additional, Law, Emily, additional, Lev, Einat, additional, Matiella-Novak, Alexandra, additional, McAdam, Amy, additional, Moersch, Jeffrey E., additional, Neish, Catherine, additional, Osinski, Gordon, additional, Parekh, Rutu, additional, Paris, Kristen, additional, Patrick, Edward L., additional, Rampe, Elizabeth, additional, Richardson, Jacob, additional, Romo, Rodrigo, additional, Rumpf, M. Elise, additional, Runyon, Kirby, additional, Rutledge, Alicia M., additional, Scheidt, Stephen P., additional, Schmerr, Nicholas, additional, Semken, Steven, additional, Shiro, Brian, additional, Shock, Everett L., additional, Skok, John Roma, additional, Sutton, Sarah S., additional, Swann, Jessica, additional, Thorpe, Michael T., additional, Ukstins, Ingrid A., additional, Susante, Paul J. van, additional, Whelley, Nicole, additional, Williams, David A., additional, Yingst, R. Aileen, additional, Young, Kelsey, additional, Zaloumis, Jon, additional, and Zimbelman, James R., additional

Published
2021
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7. Ice-rich terrain in Gusev Crater, Mars?

Author

Gregg, Tracy K.P., Briner, Jason P., and Paris, Kristen N.

Subjects
Mars (Planet), Astronomy, Earth sciences
Abstract

To link to full-text access for this article, visit this link: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.icarus.2007.08.010 Byline: Tracy K.P. Gregg, Jason P. Briner, Kristen N. Paris Keywords: Mars; surface; Geological processes; Volcanism; Ices; Mars; climate Abstract: The morphology of materials on the floor of Gusev Crater (14[degrees] S, 175[degrees] W), Mars, imply a history of volcanism and subsequent removal of an ice-rich deposit. Fluid lava flows observed in the western portion of Gusev Crater paradoxically terminate in a steep, thick ( Author Affiliation: Department of Geology, 876 Natural Sciences Complex, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260-3050, USA Article History: Received 5 April 2006; Revised 7 August 2007

Published
2007

8. The expansion of the Biological Weapons Convention: the history and problems of a verification regime.

Author

Paris, Kristen

Subjects
Biological weapons -- International aspects -- Laws, regulations and rules, Biological warfare -- Laws, regulations and rules, Government regulation, Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production and Stockpiling of Bacteriological and Toxic Weapons, 1972
Abstract

I. INTRODUCTION The threat of biological warfare is real. The September 11, 2001 attacks on New York and Washington, D.C. and the letters contaminated with anthrax that have killed five [...]

Published
2002

9. Layered Deposits of Arabia Terra and Meridiani Planum: Keys to the Habitability of Ancient Mars

Author

Allen, Carlton C, Oehler, Dorothy Z, Paris, Kristen N, and Venechuk, Elizabeth M

Subjects
Lunar And Planetary Science And Exploration
Abstract

Understanding the habitability of ancient Mars is a key goal in the exploration of that planet. Evidence for conditions favorable to early life must be sought in ancient sedimentary rocks, such as those of Arabia Terra and Meridiani Planum. Arabia Terra, the northernmost extension of the ancient highlands, is dominated by cratered plains and minor ridged units. These plains extend south into the adjacent Meridiani Planum. The Opportunity rover landed in northern Meridiani, close to the border with Arabia. High resolution MOC images reveal extensive layered sequences across much of the Arabia and Meridiani region. These layers have been interpreted as eroded remnants of sedimentary rock deposits (Edgett, 2005). The layered sequences are concentrated in the SW quadrant of Arabia and in northern Meridiani. Preliminary mapping by Edgett (2005) distinguished four large scale layered sequences in the Arabia and Meridiani region. These have dimensions of hundreds to more than 1,000 km. MOLA altimetry shows that each of the sequences can attain a thickness of 200 to 400 m, with a total thickness greater than 1 km. The sequences are generally flat lying, with regional slopes of a few degrees. Much finer layering is evident within a number of craters. The plains and ridged units of the Arabia and Meridiani region were originally mapped as Noachian based on crater statistics, particularly the number of large craters (Scott and Carr, 1978). The layered sequences in the current study postdate many, but not all, of these large craters. The layered sequences have partially or totally filled a number of craters with diameters ranging from 20 to over 50 km. The topmost layered sequence, as well as the lower two sequences, have intermediate thermal inertia, as derived from THEMIS, indicative of moderate induration. The TES spectra from the lower sequences include features indicative of basalt. Some areas of the topmost sequence, which includes the Opportunity landing site, have TES spectra dominated by hematite. Just below this topmost sequence lies a sequence with higher thermal inertia, indicative of more indurated or coarser grained material. The TES spectra of this sequence lack distinctive mineral features, and the rocks may be obscured by a thin coating of dust. The layers have been extensively eroded. The uppermost sequences are characterized by deeply scalloped boundaries. Filled craters have been partially exhumed. Finely layered deposits within craters have been strongly dissected. Landforms uniquely attributable to wind erosion are rare, but erosive styles and geomorphology characteristic of water and possibly ice are present. The layered sequences in Arabia Terra and Meridiani Planum likely reflect an epoch when the planet was much more habitable than it is today. Several areas in these layered sequences are under intensive study as candidate landing sites for the 2009 Mars Science Laboratory.

Published
2006

10. Employee Total Motivation (ToMo): A Key Performance Indicator of Customer Satisfaction.

Author

Paris, Kristen V., Howell, Richard M., and Smith, Edie R.

Subjects
EMPLOYEE motivation, SENIOR housing, HOUSING satisfaction, JOB satisfaction, WORK environment
Abstract

Problem: This article highlights the importance of measuring and tracking employee workplace motivation, its relationship with both employee and resident satisfaction, and its role in creating a high-performing culture in seniors housing communities. The Resolution: The results of this study suggest a positive correlation between employee motivation, employee satisfaction, and resident satisfaction. Employees with the highest motivation are more likely to recommend their community and are more likely to be satisfied with both their working conditions and their job overall. Communities with the most motivated employees also have the most satisfied residents. Tips for Success: These results point to the need for owners and operators of seniors housing communities to put measures into place to increase and/or maintain employee motivation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018

11. Increasing Satisfaction in Age-Qualified Service-Enriched Communities: How to Focus on What's Really Important.

Author

Smith, Edie R., Paris, Kristen V., Webster, Andrea K., and Sullivan, Karen

Subjects
CUSTOMER satisfaction, INDEPENDENT living, CUSTOMER services, QUALITY of service, QUALITY of life
Abstract

The Problem: Most senior living communities have some form of a satisfaction survey, but often the results are not presented so that management understands which areas of their community need the most attention and what they should focus on to increase overall customer satisfaction. The Solution: Quality improvement surveys (aka satisfaction surveys) are vital in tracking and improving satisfaction among customers of age-qualified, service-enriched communities. Key Findings: In this article, the authors show how one owner/operator significantly improved their satisfaction scores of virtually every property in their portfolio, in just one year's time, by focusing on improving the areas that had the greatest impact on their residents' overall satisfaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2016

12. Relationships Matter: The Importance of Friendships Among Residents of Independent Living Communities.

Author

Paris, Kristen V., Smith, Edie R., Bernstecker, Rachelle, and Schless, David

Subjects
FRIENDSHIP, INDEPENDENT living, QUALITY of life, HELPING behavior, OLDER people & society
Abstract

Social relationships and connectedness play a vital role in a resident's quality of life and sense of feeling "at home" in an age-qualified community. A recent study of independent living residents revealed that one of the primary drivers determining to what extent they felt "at home" in their community was their ability to make friends and form close relationships with other residents. The stronger the independent living residents' sense of camaraderie with others in their community the more positive they were about living in the community. Age-qualified, service-enriched communities are charged with the task of helping their residents live longer and better by providing them with the opportunities, circumstances, and environments necessary for forming close, meaningful friendships. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2015

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