Search

Las expresiones culturales pertenecientes a un ámbito específico expresan la diversidad de identidades culturales al vincular contenidos, valores y modos de vida UNESCO (2005); al desarrollarse en bienes y servicios posibilitarían a las comunidades campesinas andinas peruanas su inclusión socioeconómica mediante estos productos para un mercado potencial no existente aún en la zona de estudio. Se pregunta ¿cuál es el efecto de la aplicación del taller sobre el valor agregado de los productos culturales para su comercialización en pobladores de los caseríos de la comunidad Cruz de Mayo de Caraz, Ancash?, en tanto los pobladores de dos caseríos desconocen que estos productos podrían tener valor económico para la comunidad campesina Cruz de Mayo del Callejón de Huaylas, Caraz, Ancash. Investigación aplicada; diseño cuasiexperimental; previamente se exploró y registró los factibles productos de expresiones culturales, aplicándose la Escala de Percepción de 20 ítems con cuatro grados de valoración; confiabilidad: 0,90 y validez de contenido por criterio de jueces y capacidad de discriminación; análisis de varianza de un factor y para comparar el t student para grupos independientes. Objetivos: 1) Identificar la medida en que los talleres sobre valor agregado afectan la percepción de los productos culturales para su comercialización en los pobladores adultos de los caseríos de la comunidad Cruz de Mayo de Caraz, Ancash. Hipótesis: El taller sobre valor agregado afecta significativamente la percepción de los productos culturales para su comercialización en pobladores de los caseríos de la Comunidad Campesina Cruz de Mayo de Caraz, Ancash. Resultado: Se rechaza la hipótesis nula Ho; ya que hubo disminución significativa en la percepción de la aplicación de valor agregado a los productos culturales. (t=-2.19 al 0,05).

El presente informe reporta a la comunidad científica el producto de la elaboración del test de habilidades para la gestión en la negociación de conflictos, cuyo objetivo es determinar las habilidades para gestionar éxitosamente la gestión de conflictos. Se parte que este es el resultado de la compleja interacción de cinco habilidades: comunicación, compromiso, perspectiva, control emocional, y empatía; en base a estos supuestos factores se construyó el test, el que fue puesto a consideración de jueces y análisis estadísticos del comportamiento de sus componentes dentro del todo, habiendo encontrado que el test mide lo que se propone desde el punto de vista de los jueces y que los factores son partes que relacionan significativamente con el todo, a su vez para conocer el error de medición se utilizó el método del test retest y el método de la consistencia interna de Cronbach, por ambos métodos el coeficiente hallado supera al 0,80. De lo hallado se concluye que los factores propuestos subyacen en la habilidad de gestión en la negociación del conflictos y el test mide dentro del margen de error permitido.

El objetivo central del presente estudio es la construcción, validación y puesta en servicio de un módulo de acción recuperativa de deficiencias en habilidades de comprensión lectora en estudiantes universitarios.

Objetivos: Identificar la percepción de los miembros del Caserío Queral hacia 1) la formación de relaciones interdependientes económicas y la percepción del conocimiento de la demanda de sus productos del Caserío Queral, 2) Conocer la relación entre la percepción del conocimiento de la demanda de productos con las percepciones hacia la interdependencia económica en la muestra de 51 miembros, un representante por familia mayor de 14 años del Caserío Queral. Diseño: Investigación aplicativa correlacional. Material y métodos: Datos obtenidos con dos escalas: Escala de Percepción a la Interdependencia Económica que mide tres factores independientes, y la Escala de Percepción al conocimiento a la Demanda que mide a partir de 6 factores con una confiabilidad de 0,93. Resultados: El conocimiento de la demanda es bajo, en tanto que la percepción de la interdependencia es favorable. Se encontró 5 correlaciones significativas, pero inversas entre componentes de dichos factores a excepción de la relación entre la Percepción del Conocimiento de la Oferta de Productos con Percepción hacia la Interdependencia económica por la Percepción de la Oferta (0,29). Los restantes componentes no se correlacionan entre sí. Conclusión: No se encontró relación significativa (-0,05) entre la Percepción del Conocimiento de la Demanda con Percepción hacia la Interdependencia Económica en el Caserío Queral en Caraz, Ancash.

El presente estudio trata de la forma como el universitario conceptúa a la corrupción, identifica actos corruptos dentro de su facultad y proponen soluciones, en función al sexo, ciclo y facultad académica a la que pertenecen. La muestra fue de 931 representativa al 0,03 de margen de error, distribuidos por facultades académicas. La muestra seleccionada aleatoriamente contestó a un cuestionario de tres preguntas, previamente validadas semánticamente; luego en grupos no mayores de diez estudiantes se conversó acerca de sus respuesta con el objeto de conocer la confiabilidad de las mismas, encontrando una correlación del 0,90 entre las opiniones profundizadas en la sesión dinámica con sus respuestas escritas en el cuestionario. Sobresalen resultados, respecto a la conceptualización de la corrupción: el 8% dicen que es transgresión de normas, 11% abuso de autoridad, 15% como un delito, para el 9% es una enfermedad, para el 37% benefico personal. Entre los actos corruptos percibidos atribuyen al abuso de poder de la burocracia el 33%, 9% a enriquecimiento ilícito y a alumnos que pagan coimas respectivamente, 8% abuso de poder del docente. En las soluciones para controlar la corrupción proponen: el 19% educación en valores, 13% fiscalizando, 8% transparencia, cambio de sistema, cambio individual y concientización, respectivamente, 7% aplicación de medidas restrictivas. Estos datos no difieren en función al sexo ni al ciclo ni a la facultad académica a la que pertenecen.

In this study, the relative contributions of main emission sources to the typical ambient concentrations of key pollutants, such as sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ), nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ), carbon monoxide (CO), and particulate matter (PM 10 and PM 2.5 ) in Guayaquil, Ecuador, were investigated. A previous urban emissions inventory for mobile sources was expanded to include other transportation means and main industrial activities using the EMEP/EEA methodology to achieve this objective. The WRF/CALMET/CALPUFF modeling system was used to simulate the annual spatiotemporal distribution of air pollution in the city. According to the model, NO 2 concentrations exceed the yearly value and 1-h Ecuadorian standards (40 and 200 μg/m 3 ) in 1 % and 6 % of the cells of the modeling domain, respectively. These hotspots related to local sources were located in the northwest center of the city. The contributions of the manufacturing sector, thermal power plants, ports, airports, and road traffic were assessed individually, and the results indicated that air quality in the study area was strongly dominated by road traffic. The contributions of NO 2 , CO, PM 10 , and PM 2.5 at the city level reached 76 %, 96 %, 90 %, and 92 % of the annual mean, respectively. In the case of SO 2 , the manufacturing sector made the most significant contribution (75 %), followed by thermal power plants (16 %). Furthermore, an analysis at 14 specific locations across Guayaquil identified spatial variations that may support the design and development of an air quality monitoring network for the city., Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (© 2024 The Authors.)

Cancer patients may experience significant distress. The "Emotion Thermometers" (ETs) are a short visual analogue scale used to screen patients for psychosocial risk. This study aimed to assess emotional distress in a large sample of cancer patients attending psychological services at an non-governmental organization (NGO), and to explore factors that may contribute to it. The ETs were answered by 899 cancer patients. They were, on average, 59.9 years old, the majority were female, had breast cancer, were under treatment or were disease-free survivors, and reported high levels of emotional distress, above the cut-off (≥5). A Generalized Linear Model was used to measure the association between the level of distress, age, gender, disease phase and 33 items of the problem list. Four items-sadness, depression, sleep and breathing-were found to be significantly related to a higher level of distress. Additionally, women and patients who were in the palliative phase also had significantly higher levels of distress. The results confirm the need for early emotional screening in cancer patients, as well as attending to the characteristics of each patient. Additionally, they highlight the utility of the ETs for the clinical practice, allowing to optimize the referral to specialized psychosocial services.

Background: Achilles' tendon ruptures result in impaired plantar flexion strength and endurance. It is interesting to know the plantar flexion strength, the number of heel-rise repetitions, and the maximal calf circumference following Achilles' tendon ruptures repair., Methods: Both the injured and non-injured legs of thirty male patients with Achilles' tendon ruptures treated with the percutaneous Dresden technique were compared with the ankle function of 30 healthy participants. Rehabilitation involved partial weight-bearing for three weeks and then increased to full weight-bearing and ankle exercises., Results: The injured legs had weaker plantar flexion strength (1.64 ± 0.17 Nm/kg) compared with the non-injured legs (1.91 ± 0.24 Nm/kg; p = 0.002) and the healthy participants' legs (1.93 ± 0.32 Nm/kg; p < 0.001). The non-injured leg had greater ability in doing heel-rise repetitions (39.4 ± 6.1 rep.) compared with the injured legs (37.2 ± 5.7 rep.; p < 0.023) and the healthy participants' legs (31.0 ± 13.0 rep.; p < 0.001)., Conclusions: The injured leg had not recovered full isometric strength but had improved heel-rise repetition., (Copyright © 2021 European Foot and Ankle Society. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Anxiety has significant consequences for maternal and infant health, and Mexican immigrant mothers are at significantly high-risk. This study examined whether maternal depressive symptoms and trauma are related to anxiety symptoms in perinatal Mexican immigrants. Data were collected from 103 Mexican women residing in the Midwestern United States who were pregnant or up to two years postpartum. Half were aged 30-34. The majority had two or more children and low socio-economic status. Linear regression analyses predicted current anxiety symptoms from current maternal depression symptoms, trauma history, and socio-demographics. Anxiety symptoms were significantly related to depressive symptoms (B = 0.87, 95% CI   0.73, 1.01) and trauma. Compared to women with no trauma history, women who experienced more than ten traumas had increased anxiety symptoms (B = 7.15, 95% CI 0.34, 13.96). Perinatal Mexican women with higher depression symptoms and trauma have increased anxiety symptoms, increasing the need for more comprehensive screening.

There are few cases of pregnant women with novel corona virus 2019 (COVID-19) in the literature, most of them with a mild illness course. There is limited evidence about in utero infection and early positive neonatal testing. A 41-year-old G3P2 with a history of previous cesarean deliveries and diabetes mellitus presented with a 4-day history of malaise, low-grade fever, and progressive shortness of breath. A nasopharyngeal swab was positive for COVID-19, COVID-19 serology was negative. The patient developed respiratory failure requiring mechanical ventilation on day 5 of disease onset. The patient underwent a cesarean delivery, and neonatal isolation was implemented immediately after birth, without delayed cord clamping or skin-to-skin contact. The neonatal nasopharyngeal swab, 16 hours after delivery, was positive for severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and immunoglobulin (Ig)-M and IgG for SARS-CoV-2 were negative. Maternal IgM and IgG were positive on postpartum day 4 (day 9 after symptom onset). We report a severe presentation of COVID-19 during pregnancy. To our knowledge, this is the earliest reported positive PCR in the neonate, raising the concern for vertical transmission. We suggest pregnant women should be considered as a high-risk group and minimize exposures for these reasons. KEY POINTS: · We report a severe presentation of COVID-19 in pregnancy requiring invasive ventilatory support.. · This is a case of positive RT-PCR in first day of life, suggesting possible vertical transmission.. · There were no detectable maternal antibodies for COVID-19 until after delivery.., Competing Interests: None declared., (Thieme Medical Publishers 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA.)

Aims: To analyze the relation between prolonged QT interval and mortality in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction and complementarity with Killip, Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) and Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation-II (APACHE-II) scales., Methods: A nested cohort case-control study was conducted in a Spanish hospital. The cohort consisted of patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction admitted between 2008 and 2010 (n = 524). The cases were the patients who died (n = 38) and the controls (n = 81) were a random sample of those who survived (one of every six)., Results: The corrected QT (QTc) interval of first ECG (prehospital-or-hospital admission) was prolonged in 18 of the 35 patients who died (51.4%) and in 12 of the controls (16.7%; P < 0.001). APACHE-II, TIMI and Killip scores were higher in the patients who had died (P < 0.001). Mortality with prolonged QTc (19.3%) was 20%, and 4.5% were with normal QTc (80.7%; P < 0.001).Logistic regression showed a relation between mortality with prolonged QTc and TIMI [odds ratio (OR) 3.57(1.16-10.97)]. A second model was constructed with APACHE-II and prolonged QTc [OR 6.47(1.77-23.59)]; receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve area [0.92(0.87-0.97)], and individually, for APACHE-II was 0.88 (0.81-0.95). A new score was constructed: QTc (not prolonged: 0 points, prolonged: 7 points), age (<65 years: 0 points, 65-74 years: 6 points, ≥75 years: 9 points), Killip (I: 0 points, II-III: 4 points, IV: 17 points). ROC area: 0.88., Conclusions: Hospital mortality was higher with prolonged QTc at prehospital-or-hospital admission, given equal Killip, TIMI and APACHE values. Discrimination of Killip, TIMI and APACHE values can be improved with prolonged QTc. Discrimination of a model including Killip, age and prolonged QTc is quite good. We have made a new simple prognostic scale with these variables.

Background: Prognostic systems are complex. So it is necessary to find tools, which are easy to use and have good calibration and discrimination., Objectives: The objective of this study is to evaluate the usefulness of Killip, Thrombolysis In Myocardial Infarction (TIMI), and age to develop a new prognostic scale for patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI)., Methods: The study population included all patients with STEMI consecutively admitted to the Intensive Care Unit of Carlos Haya Hospital, Malaga, Spain. Top variables included are Killip and TIMI, hospital mortality, intensive care unit stay, treatment received, and care times intervals., Results: The results are 806 patients; 75.6% men; age 63.11 ± 12.83 years old; TIMI, 3.57 ± 2.38; Killip I, 81.4%; and hospital mortality, 11.3%. Mortality increased in relation to age, TIMI, and Killip (P < .001). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) area for TIMI is 0.832 (0.786-0.878) and Killip, 0.757 (0.698-0.822). Thrombolysis In Myocardial Infarction classification was associated with Killip and age by multiple linear regression. Patients were stratified into 5 groups according to Killip and age: Killip I and younger than 65 years (n = 369; mortality, 1.4%; odds ratio [OR], 1), Killip I and 65 to 75 years old (n = 173; mortality, 6.9%; OR, 5.43 [1.88-15.66]), Killip I and older than 75 years (n = 112; mortality, 18.9%; OR, 13.03 [4.69-36.21]), Killip II to III (n = 129; mortality, 31%; OR, 22.72 [12.55-85.29]), Killip IV (n = 20; mortality, 80%; OR, 291.2 [71.32-1189]). ROC area is 0.84 (0.798-0.883). We created a scale with scores based on the β coefficient of logistical regression., Conclusions: The TIMI scale discriminated hospital mortality correctly for STEMI. It performed better than Killip alone and similar to a simple model that included age and Killip. The 2-variable model consists of a simple scale with 5 categories., (Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

The increase in lipid plasma values is an important cardiovascular risk factor. Lipoprotein lipase (LPL) plays an important role in the lipoprotein metabolism and metabolic and genetic factors may influence its levels and functions. The S447X variant of the lipoprotein lipase gene is associated with changes in plasma lipids in different populations. The objective of this research was to analyze the S447X variant of the LPL gene and its relation with plasma lipids of individuals in Zulia state, Venezuela. With this purpose, we studied 75 individuals (34 men and 41 women) between 20 and 60 years of age. Each subject had a medical history which included family history, anthropometric characteristics, nutritional status evaluation and biochemical tests. Genomic DNA was extracted for the molecular study and the polymerase chain reaction was used, followed by enzyme digestion, for restriction fragments length polymorphisms using the Hinf I enzyme. The individuals studied had normal levels of blood glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol and low density lipoproteins (LDL-C) and slightly decreased levels of high density lipoproteins (HDL-C). The genotypic distribution of the LPL gene S447X variant in the studied population was 90.6% for the homozygous genotype SS447 and 9.4% for the heterozygote SX447. The genotype 447XX was not identified. The population was found in Hardy Weinberg genetic equilibrium. No association between the S447X polymorphism of lipoprotein lipase gene and plasma lipids was observed.

Purpose: To demonstrate that the intraocular pressure (IOP)-lowering effect of travoprost 0.004% preserved with polyquaternium-1 (travoprost benzalkonium chloride [BAK]-free) is non-inferior to that of travoprost 0.004% preserved with benzalkonium chloride (travoprost BAK) in patients with ocular hypertension or open-angle glaucoma., Methods: A total of 371 patients randomly received travoprost BAK-free (n=185) or travoprost BAK (n=186) dosed once daily in the evening for 3 months. Patients were evaluated at 9 am, 11 AM, and 4 PM at baseline, weeks 2 and 6, and month 3. Intraocular pressure was also evaluated 36 and 60 hours after the month 3 visit., Results: Travoprost BAK-free is non-inferior to travoprost BAK. The 95% upper confidence limits for the difference in mean IOP at month 3 (primary efficacy) were 0.5 mmHg, 0.6 mmHg, and 0.5 mmHg, at 9 AM, 11 AM, and 4 PM, respectively. Mean IOP reductions from baseline ranged from 7.6 to 8.7 mmHg in the travoprost BAK-free group and from 7.7 to 9.2 mmHg in the travoprost BAK group. At 36 and 60 hours after the last dose, mean IOP remained 6.8 mmHg and 5.7 mmHg below baseline in the travoprost BAK-free group, vs 7.3 mmHg and 6.0 mmHg in the travoprost BAK group, respectively. The safety profile of travoprost BAK-free was similar to that of travoprost BAK., Conclusions: Travoprost BAK-free safely and effectively lowers IOP in eyes with open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension. This BAK-free formulation has comparable safety, efficacy, and duration of IOP-lowering effect to travoprost preserved with BAK. Travoprost BAK-free is an effective option for IOP reduction while avoiding BAK exposure.

Purpose: Quality of life (QoL) has been increasingly examined in sarcoma patients, but longitudinal research on its variation across different phases of the disease is lacking. The present study aims to analyse change or stability in sarcoma patients' QoL, and to identify the distinct trajectories of change from diagnostic to treatment phase. Demographic and clinical predictors of QoL during treatments are also explored., Method: QoL of 36 Portuguese sarcoma patients was assessed at time of diagnosis (baseline) and again at 3-6 months after the beginning of treatment (T1), using the EORTC QLQ C-30 (Portuguese version)., Results: At diagnostic and treatment phases, patients reported a diminished QoL in the majority of QLQ C-30 domains. From baseline to T1, global health/QoL improved significantly, and physical functioning declined. Over time, 38.9% of patients maintained a poor QoL, 27.8% remained in the "High QoL" cluster, and 22.2% changed towards a worse QoL. Marital status, age, professional status, and radiotherapy predicted QoL scores during treatments., Conclusions: Results suggest that sarcoma patients may experience a diminished QoL, both at diagnosis and during treatments, and reveal a tendency for stability in QoL scores rather than for change. Initial functioning and some demographic and clinical variables have a predictive role for QoL in the treatment phase. Assessment of QoL and multidisciplinary interventions must be a part of routine cancer care, and should be implemented in an initial phase and during treatments., (Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Purpose: Sarcoma patients are a particularly debilitated group and vulnerable to the development of significant psychosocial difficulties. In this study we examine the prevalence and levels of anxiety and depression in different phases of disease and we analyse the determinants of sarcoma patients' emotional adjustment., Method: One hundred and forty two sarcoma patients in different phases of the cancer experience were recruited from three Portuguese Cancer Care Units and completed the Portuguese version of HADS., Results: The majority of sarcoma patients, in the different phases of disease, reported normal or mild levels of anxiety and depression but, for a significant minority, the emotional distress was clinically relevant. In general, anxiety and depression scores were below the cut-off "caseness" threshold of 11 and, with the exception of depression levels for patients in treatment phase, no differences were found between groups on the outcome measures. Age, gender, presenting status and time since the termination of treatments were found to be significant determinants of anxiety and depression., Conclusions: In the different phases of the disease an important number of patients may show significant psychological distress and, therefore, psychosocial interventions adapted to each period of the illness trajectory and to the demographic and clinical contexts are needed for this type of cancer., (Copyright © 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)