Search

47. Paragryllus sp.3 (Fig. 41) — i) calling song, 4.8 kHz ± 0.06 (4.7–4.9, n = 8); chirp rate was not obtained because the song recording is very short, 20.2–24ºC; chirps with 13.1 P/ch ± 1,83 (9–15, n = 19); chirp duration = 0,68 s ± 0,101 (0,46—0,81, n = 19) (Fig. 115); ii) State of Espírito Santo, municipalities of Linhares (Reserva Natural da Vale) and Sooretama (Reserva Biológica de Sooretama); iii) present paper., Published as part of Zefa, Edison, Martins, Luciano De Pinho, Demari, Christian Peter, Acosta, Riuler Corrêa, Centeno, Elliott, Castro-Souza, Rodrigo Antônio, Oliveira, Gabriel Lobregat De, Miyoshi, Akio Ronaldo, Fianco, Marcos, Redü, Darlan Rutz, Timm, Vitor Falchi, Costa, Maria Kátia Matiotti Da & Szinwelski, Neucir, 2022, Singing crickets from Brazil (Orthoptera: Gryllidea), an illustrated checklist with access to the sounds produced, pp. 211-237 in Zootaxa 5209 (2) on page 224, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5209.2.4, http://zenodo.org/record/7325966

48. Paragryllus sp.4 —i) calling song, 2.2 kHz, 19.7ºC; chirps predominantly with 3 pulses; chirp rate was not obtained because the song recording is very short (Fig. 116); ii) State of Espírito Santo, municipality of Sooretama (Reserva Biológica Sooretama); iii) present paper., Published as part of Zefa, Edison, Martins, Luciano De Pinho, Demari, Christian Peter, Acosta, Riuler Corrêa, Centeno, Elliott, Castro-Souza, Rodrigo Antônio, Oliveira, Gabriel Lobregat De, Miyoshi, Akio Ronaldo, Fianco, Marcos, Redü, Darlan Rutz, Timm, Vitor Falchi, Costa, Maria Kátia Matiotti Da & Szinwelski, Neucir, 2022, Singing crickets from Brazil (Orthoptera: Gryllidea), an illustrated checklist with access to the sounds produced, pp. 211-237 in Zootaxa 5209 (2) on page 224, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5209.2.4, http://zenodo.org/record/7325966

45. Paragryllus sp.1 (Fig. 39) — i) calling song, 3.2 kHz ± 0.27 (2.9–3.6, n = 4); 19.6ºC ± 2.75 (16.5–23.2, n = 3); phrase composed of a group of chirps; the first chirp gradually increase in amplitude and contain irregular pulse arrangement; the amplitude stabilizes on subsequent pulses, which are composed of a single initial pulse, followed by 3 to 5 (or more) pairs of pulses; chirp rate was not obtained because the song recording was very short (Fig. 113); ii) State of Bahia, municipality of Itamaraju (Parque Nacional do Monte Pascoal); State of Espírito Santo, municipality of Santa Teresa (Estação Biológica de Santa Lúcia); iii) present paper. Note: both individuals from Itamaraju emitted phrases with the first chirp composed of one pulse, while individuals from Santa Teresa present the first chirp with two pulses. Despite this difference, we chose to consider the four individuals within the same sonotype, as the recordings were very short, and this type of variation may be common., Published as part of Zefa, Edison, Martins, Luciano De Pinho, Demari, Christian Peter, Acosta, Riuler Corrêa, Centeno, Elliott, Castro-Souza, Rodrigo Antônio, Oliveira, Gabriel Lobregat De, Miyoshi, Akio Ronaldo, Fianco, Marcos, Redü, Darlan Rutz, Timm, Vitor Falchi, Costa, Maria Kátia Matiotti Da & Szinwelski, Neucir, 2022, Singing crickets from Brazil (Orthoptera: Gryllidea), an illustrated checklist with access to the sounds produced, pp. 211-237 in Zootaxa 5209 (2) on page 224, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5209.2.4, http://zenodo.org/record/7325966

46. Paragryllus sp.2 (Fig. 40) — i) calling song, 2.2 kHz ± 0.09 (2.1–2.4, n = 6); 21–22ºC; chirps with two or three pulses, which are irregularly arranged; we chose do not to include the chirp rate because the chirps emission varied greatly between and among the individuals analyzed (Fig. 114); ii) State of Ceará, municipality of Crato (Floresta Nacional do Araripe-Apodi); iii) present paper. Note. the songs were emitted by individuals near to each other (about half a meter in the same trunk), and also by males present in trunks of other nearby trees (about 5 meters from each other); we observed different stridulation rhythms of males present in these trunks, probably in response to the bats’ activity flying between the trunks while the crickets chirped asynchronously., Published as part of Zefa, Edison, Martins, Luciano De Pinho, Demari, Christian Peter, Acosta, Riuler Corrêa, Centeno, Elliott, Castro-Souza, Rodrigo Antônio, Oliveira, Gabriel Lobregat De, Miyoshi, Akio Ronaldo, Fianco, Marcos, Redü, Darlan Rutz, Timm, Vitor Falchi, Costa, Maria Kátia Matiotti Da & Szinwelski, Neucir, 2022, Singing crickets from Brazil (Orthoptera: Gryllidea), an illustrated checklist with access to the sounds produced, pp. 211-237 in Zootaxa 5209 (2) on page 224, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5209.2.4, http://zenodo.org/record/7325966

Souzaius Cadena-Casta��eda n. subgen. http://lsid.speciesfile.org/urn:lsid: Orthoptera.speciesfile.org:TaxonName:516604 urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 4E4FE5E6-9928-43EE-8D45-069913923CBF Diagnosis. Small size (15.5 mm). Harp of the tegmina with 4���5 veins and mirror divided by seven veins, apical area reduced (Fig. 3E). Pseudepiphallic lobes without bristles and poorly pronounced. Ectophallic fold protruding markedly in the middle of the pseudepiphallus (Figs 3F���G). Pseudepiphallic arm mid-sized, branching about at half of its length in lateral view, and with the ventral branch obliquely truncated ventrally, rectangular and with similar width from the base to the apex in ventral view (Fig. 3H). Endophallic sclerite well developed; ectophallic fold considerably prolonged in the middle of the pseudepiphallus (Figs. 3F���G). Taxa included. Paragryllus (Souzaius) minutus Gorochov, 2009 Etymology. This taxon is dedicated to Pedro Guilherme B Souza-Dias, friend and great Brazilian orthopterist, in recognition of his contributions to the crickets of his country. The gender of the name is being established as neuter., Published as part of Cadena-Casta��eda, Oscar J., P��ez, Geraldine, Buitrago, Oscar, Quintana-Arias, Ronald Fernando & Tavares, Gustavo Costa, 2021, Studies of Neotropical crickets: New Paragryllina taxa (Orthoptera: Phalangopsidae) with comments on several previously described species, pp. 60-76 in Zootaxa 5081 (1) on pages 69-70, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5081.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/5769299, {"references":["Gorochov, A. V. (2009) New and little known crickets of the subfamily Phalangopsinae (Orthoptera, Gryllidae). 5. Neotropical taxa of the tribe Paragryllini. Entomological Review, 89 (5), 564 - 577. https: // doi. org / 10.1134 / S 0013873809050066"]}

Melloius Cadena-Castañeda n. subgen. http://lsid.speciesfile.org/urn:lsid: Orthoptera.speciesfile.org:TaxonName:516603 urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 5874E715-AC87-4B22-86CE-414E2E852182 Diagnosis. Medium size (19 mm). Harp and mirror of the tegmina divided by five veins, apical area little pronounced (Fig. 3A). Pseudepiphallic lobes with bristles (Figs. 3B), with a pronounced lower branch in lateral view (Figs. 3C–D). Pseudepiphallic arm long, branching at the apex and with wavy dorsal margin in lateral view (Fig. 3D). Endophallic sclerite reduced and ectophallic fold short and slightly overhanging in the middle of the pseudepiphallus (Fig. 3C). Taxa included. Paragryllus (Melloius) temulentus Saussure, 1878 Etymology. This taxon is dedicated to Francisco de Assis Ganeo de Mello, a legendary orthopterist, in recognition of a lifetime in the study of crickets in his country, and a pioneer in the systematics of crickets in Brazil, teacher of many fellow orthopterists. The gender of the name is being established as neuter.

Paragryllus Gu��rin-M��neville, 1844 Comments. The species of this genus are distinguished by their well-developed wings, males with numerous arched veins; female tegmina with a vein separating the dorsal area from the lateral one; in the dorsal area, the veins are irregular. The males have the third internal apical spur of the hind tibia widened, possibly of a glandular type; epiproctus with ornamentations. Regarding the male genitalia, the endophallic sclerite has an inverted ���V��� shape, accompanied by two terminal apodemes, the endophallic cavity is membranous and more or less compressed; the ectophallic apodemes, rami, pseudepiphallus, and its parameres are well developed. The copulatory papilla of the female is compressed, subrectangular, curved at the apex, which can be straight or divided (Desutter-Grandcolas, 1992; Gorochov, 2007; 2014). Three recently described species from Trinidad and Tobago have taxonomic conflicts. Paragryllus cocos Otte & Perez-Gelabert, 2009 nomen nudum: there is no valid original description that meets the minimum requirements of the zoological nomenclature code. Only the repository collection and a couple of photographs were cited for this species, without morphological information. Paragryllus arima Otte & Perez-Gelabert, 2009 n. syn. is proposed as a synonym under Ectecous insolitus (Otte & Perez-Gelabert, 2009) n. comb. ( originally described as Paragryllus). Both species have the same male genital structure and wing venation. The two species fit the diagnostic characters of Ectecous Saussure, 1878 (Paragryllini: Neoaclina), such as the presence of the elongated tympanum on the outer margin of fore tibia, and male genitalia with pseudepiphallic sclerite regressed, without a median process; dorsal valves more or less hypertelic (Desutter- Grandcolas, 1992). E. insolitus n. comb. is the first species of the genus known for Trinidad and Tobago, Caribbean region. The species currently known are distributed from French Guyana (Cayena) to Brazil (Espirito Santo), and with this new record, their distribution should be even wider in northern South America. Paragryllus is the most widely distributed of the tribe, occurring from Mexico to Brazil, including islands from the Caribbean region, and two species of doubtful affiliation from Africa, which must be studied to clarify their status. Based on the differences found in the species with neotropical distribution, they are grouped into three subgenera. African species are kept as incertae sedis (Paragryllus simplex Chopard, 1948 and Paragryllus tricaudatus (Fairmaire, 1858)), and possibly should be included in a different genus., Published as part of Cadena-Casta��eda, Oscar J., P��ez, Geraldine, Buitrago, Oscar, Quintana-Arias, Ronald Fernando & Tavares, Gustavo Costa, 2021, Studies of Neotropical crickets: New Paragryllina taxa (Orthoptera: Phalangopsidae) with comments on several previously described species, pp. 60-76 in Zootaxa 5081 (1) on pages 63-64, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5081.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/5769299, {"references":["Desutter-Grandcolas, L. (1992) Les Phalangopsidae de Guyane francaise (Orthopteres, Grylloidea): systematique, elements de phylogenie et de biologie. Bulletin du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Section A Zoologie, Biologie et Ecologie Animales, 14 (1), 93 - 177.","Gorochov, A. V. (2007) Taxonomic study of Mexican Phalangopsinae (Orthoptera: Gryllidae). Zoosystematica Rossica, 16 (2), 177 - 200. https: // doi. org / 10.31610 / zsr / 2007.16.2.177","Gorochov, A. V. (2014) Classification of the Phalangopsinae subfamily group, and new taxa from the subfamilies Phalangopsinae and Phaloriinae (Orthoptera: Gryllidae). Zoosystematica Rossica, 23 (1), 7 - 88. https: // doi. org / 10.31610 / zsr / 2014.23.1.7","Otte, D. & Perez-Gelabert, D. E. (2009) Caribbean crickets. The Orthopterists' Society, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, iii + 792 pp.","Saussure, H. (1878) Melanges orthopterologiques. VI. fascicule Gryllides. Memoires de la Societe de Physique et d'Histoire Naturelle de Geneve, 25 (2), 369 - 704."]}

Paragryllus (Paragryllus) eclogos Otte, 2006 Comments. Unfortunately, this species is very poorly described, and the sparse data are confusing, perhaps erroneous and not informative: e.g., ��� File teeth with long wings��� (how can a stridulatory file or teeth file have long wings? There is evidence of a lapse in character, perhaps the author was referring to the fact that the insect has long wings.). ���With no obvious metanotal glands. With small inner and no outer tympanum��� (this character must be reviewed in the type specimen; once the other described and valid species have tympana on both sides of the fore tibia). ���Antennae with bristles ���. It is necessary to redescribe this species, detailing and reviewing the morphological characteristics. Another problem is the holotype specimen which was designated a female, but it is actually a male. The female is not known., Published as part of Cadena-Casta��eda, Oscar J., P��ez, Geraldine, Buitrago, Oscar, Quintana-Arias, Ronald Fernando & Tavares, Gustavo Costa, 2021, Studies of Neotropical crickets: New Paragryllina taxa (Orthoptera: Phalangopsidae) with comments on several previously described species, pp. 60-76 in Zootaxa 5081 (1) on page 65, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5081.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/5769299, {"references":["Otte, D. (2006) Eighty-four new cricket species (Orthoptera: Grylloidea) from La Selva, Costa Rica. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 132 (3 - 4), 299 - 418. https: // doi. org / 10.3157 / 0002 - 8320 (2006) 132 [299: ENCSOG] 2.0. CO; 2"]}

Souzaius Cadena-Castañeda n. subgen. http://lsid.speciesfile.org/urn:lsid: Orthoptera.speciesfile.org:TaxonName:516604 urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 4E4FE5E6-9928-43EE-8D45-069913923CBF Diagnosis. Small size (15.5 mm). Harp of the tegmina with 4‒5 veins and mirror divided by seven veins, apical area reduced (Fig. 3E). Pseudepiphallic lobes without bristles and poorly pronounced. Ectophallic fold protruding markedly in the middle of the pseudepiphallus (Figs 3F–G). Pseudepiphallic arm mid-sized, branching about at half of its length in lateral view, and with the ventral branch obliquely truncated ventrally, rectangular and with similar width from the base to the apex in ventral view (Fig. 3H). Endophallic sclerite well developed; ectophallic fold considerably prolonged in the middle of the pseudepiphallus (Figs. 3F–G). Taxa included. Paragryllus (Souzaius) minutus Gorochov, 2009 Etymology. This taxon is dedicated to Pedro Guilherme B Souza-Dias, friend and great Brazilian orthopterist, in recognition of his contributions to the crickets of his country. The gender of the name is being established as neuter.

Melloius Cadena-Casta��eda n. subgen. http://lsid.speciesfile.org/urn:lsid: Orthoptera.speciesfile.org:TaxonName:516603 urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 5874E715-AC87-4B22-86CE-414E2E852182 Diagnosis. Medium size (19 mm). Harp and mirror of the tegmina divided by five veins, apical area little pronounced (Fig. 3A). Pseudepiphallic lobes with bristles (Figs. 3B), with a pronounced lower branch in lateral view (Figs. 3C���D). Pseudepiphallic arm long, branching at the apex and with wavy dorsal margin in lateral view (Fig. 3D). Endophallic sclerite reduced and ectophallic fold short and slightly overhanging in the middle of the pseudepiphallus (Fig. 3C). Taxa included. Paragryllus (Melloius) temulentus Saussure, 1878 Etymology. This taxon is dedicated to Francisco de Assis Ganeo de Mello, a legendary orthopterist, in recognition of a lifetime in the study of crickets in his country, and a pioneer in the systematics of crickets in Brazil, teacher of many fellow orthopterists. The gender of the name is being established as neuter., Published as part of Cadena-Casta��eda, Oscar J., P��ez, Geraldine, Buitrago, Oscar, Quintana-Arias, Ronald Fernando & Tavares, Gustavo Costa, 2021, Studies of Neotropical crickets: New Paragryllina taxa (Orthoptera: Phalangopsidae) with comments on several previously described species, pp. 60-76 in Zootaxa 5081 (1) on page 65, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5081.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/5769299, {"references":["Saussure, H. (1878) Melanges orthopterologiques. VI. fascicule Gryllides. Memoires de la Societe de Physique et d'Histoire Naturelle de Geneve, 25 (2), 369 - 704."]}

Paragryllus (Paragryllus) lyrae Cadena-Casta��eda n. sp. http://lsid.speciesfile.org/urn:lsid: Orthoptera.speciesfile.org:TaxonName:516602 urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 0AA05DFB-E3CD-4079-AA22-E3464A75E43B (Figures 4���5) Etymology. Dedicated to the memory of Carmen Lyra, pseudonym of Mar��a Isabel Carvajal Quesada (1887���1949), in recognition of her valuable contributions to Costa Rican education and literature, as well as the defense of her political cause. A historical, heroic, and fighter woman. Type material. Holotype. Male. Costa Rica, Puntarenas, District of Golfito, Guaycar��, La Gamba Biological Station. 8��42���2.49���N, 83��12���7.79���W. 80 m. April 2018. F. Etl. (CAUD). Description. In addition to characters to the genus and subgenus. Male. Mid-sized. Body predominantly ocher brown with dark brown and yellow stripe (Figs 4A���C). Head ochre with almost grey-brown spots and stripes; antennal scape partly light, and dark brown antennal flagellum having sparse, small, and almost indistinct lightish spots (Fig. 4B). Pronotum mostly brown, pronotal disc ochre, posterior margin of pronotal disc outlined in yellow. Fore and middle femora brown spotted; hind femora ochre with numerous brownish oblique lines on the outer surface and several spots on inner surface and apex, tarsi almost dark brown. Tegmina with lateral and anterior part ochregrey, not dark; veins of lateral field gold; hind wings greyish (Fig. 4C). Abdomen and terminalia dark brown. Head almost as wide as high in frontal view; maxillary palpi mid-sized, third and fourth subequal and cylindrical, the fifth flattened, slightly dilated from the base to the apex. Pronotum rather short, wider than long, anterior margin slightly concave, posterior margin straight (Fig. 4C). Legs. Fore tibia with tympana small and ovoid, on both sides, and armed at the apex with a small spur on each side; mid tibia armed with two mid-sized spurs at the apex on each side. Hind tibia dorsally with three apical spurs on both sides, the mid spur of outer margin is longer than the modified spur on the inner side. Tegmina with oval and transverse mirror, wider than long, with six dividing veins; harp with eight dividing veins; apical area moderately pronounced (Fig. 4C); stridulation file with 178 teeth (Fig. 4E). Abdomen. Epiproctus with long paired processes, 2.5 times longer than epiproctus, digitiform, and dorsoventrally flattened. Subgenital plate rectangular, longer than wide, and distally with a mid and small notch. Male genitalia. Pseudepiphallic sclerite with bristles on median lobes (Fig. 5); lateral lobe conical, with apex rounded, and slightly curved downward (Figs 5A, D). Pseudepiphallic paramere is divided into two branches, slim and thin ventral branch with a sharp ventrolateral prolongation before the apex; dorsal branch lanceolate with a ventral and small prolongation at the mid of its length in lateral view (Fig. 5D). In dorsal view, arc with a mid-U-shaped notch (Fig. 5A). Ectophallic fold cylindrical, with rounded apex, moderately long, prolonged to median lobe level (Figs. 5A���B). Endophallic sclerite flattened, and divergent (Fig. 5B). Rami as a lateral plate curved inward on ventral and dorsal margin (Fig. 5D). Ectophallic apodeme mostly membranous, longer than rami, and with the same thickness from the base to the apex (Figs 5A, B, D). Female. Unknown. Measurements (in mm). Holotype: LB: 24. Pr: 4.2. Teg: 18.5. HF: 17. HT: 18. Comparison. P. (P.) lyrae n. sp. is the second species of the genus reported for Costa Rica (south of the country, near the Pacific coast), the first species was P. (P.) eclogos (south of the country, near the Atlantic coast). The new species is closer to P. (P.) eclogos, but this differs from the new species because, according to its original description, it only has a small inner and no outer tympanum. Also, the ectophallic fold is short, slightly apparent in the middle of the pseudepiphallic sclerite in dorsal view; on the other hand, the branches of the pseudepiphallic paramere do not have the additional and pointed ventral prolongations, which are present in the new species. P. (P.) lyrae n. sp., is smaller (24 mm) and with fewer teeth in the stridulatory file (178 teeth) vs P. (P.) eclogos 25 mm length and 299 teeth., Published as part of Cadena-Casta��eda, Oscar J., P��ez, Geraldine, Buitrago, Oscar, Quintana-Arias, Ronald Fernando & Tavares, Gustavo Costa, 2021, Studies of Neotropical crickets: New Paragryllina taxa (Orthoptera: Phalangopsidae) with comments on several previously described species, pp. 60-76 in Zootaxa 5081 (1) on pages 64-65, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5081.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/5769299

Paragryllus (Paragryllus) Gu��rin-M��neville, 1844 s.s. Diagnosis. Medium to large size (19���28 mm.). Harp of the tegmina with 5���6 veins; the mirror of the tegmina divided by more than six veins (only P. circularis with five veins), apical area pronounced or moderately reduced (Figs. 3I, 4C). Pseudepiphallic lobes with bristles, well-pronounced and with cylindrical or conical shape in lateral view. Pseudepiphallic arm mid-sized, branching about at half of its length in lateral view, tapering towards the apex, and ending in a hook; in ventral view, intersecting with the other parallel branch. Endophallic sclerite well���developed and ectophallic fold arising slightly in the middle of the pseudepiphallus (Figs. 3J���L). Taxa included. Paragryllus (Paragryllus) martinii Gu��rin-M��neville, 1844 (Type species), P. (P.) circularis Gorochov, 2007 (with two subspecies), P. (P.) concolor Gorochov, 2007, P. (P.) rex Saussure, 1874, P. (P.) eclogos Otte, 2006, P. (P.) elapsus Desutter-Grandcolas, 1992 (with two subspecies), P. (P.) ovalis Gorochov, 2007 and P. (P.) lyrae Cadena-Casta��eda n. sp., Published as part of Cadena-Casta��eda, Oscar J., P��ez, Geraldine, Buitrago, Oscar, Quintana-Arias, Ronald Fernando & Tavares, Gustavo Costa, 2021, Studies of Neotropical crickets: New Paragryllina taxa (Orthoptera: Phalangopsidae) with comments on several previously described species, pp. 60-76 in Zootaxa 5081 (1) on page 64, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5081.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/5769299, {"references":["Gorochov, A. V. (2007) Taxonomic study of Mexican Phalangopsinae (Orthoptera: Gryllidae). Zoosystematica Rossica, 16 (2), 177 - 200. https: // doi. org / 10.31610 / zsr / 2007.16.2.177","Otte, D. (2006) Eighty-four new cricket species (Orthoptera: Grylloidea) from La Selva, Costa Rica. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 132 (3 - 4), 299 - 418. https: // doi. org / 10.3157 / 0002 - 8320 (2006) 132 [299: ENCSOG] 2.0. CO; 2","Desutter-Grandcolas, L. (1992) Les Phalangopsidae de Guyane francaise (Orthopteres, Grylloidea): systematique, elements de phylogenie et de biologie. Bulletin du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Section A Zoologie, Biologie et Ecologie Animales, 14 (1), 93 - 177."]}

Genus Paragryllus Guérin-Méneville, 1844 TYPE SPECIES. — Paragryllus martinii Guérin-Méneville, 1844 by original monotypy. DIAGNOSIS. — See Desutter-Grandcolas (1992a). DISTRIBUTION. — Tropical areas in Africa and South and Central America, including Trinidad. Only one species known in French Guiana., Published as part of Desutter-Grandcolas, Laure & Faberon, Léo, 2020, Phalangopsidae crickets (Orthoptera, Grylloidea) from the Mitaraka biological survey, French Guiana, pp. 739-797 in Zoosystema 42 (32) on page 786, DOI: 10.5252/zoosystema2020v42a32, http://zenodo.org/record/4399795

Paragryllus elapsus Desutter-Grandcolas, 1992 (Figs 23 M-O, 29C; Table 21) Paragryllus elapsus Desutter-Grandcolas, 1992a: 151. REMARK Two subspecies have been separated in P. elapsus (see Desutter-Grandcolas 1992a) to acknowledge variations in size, coloration, male stridulatory file, female ovipositor length and female copulatory papilla. The only female at hand (Fig. 29C) does not fully fit neither of the subspecies, and its status will have to be reconsidered with additional specimens. TYPE LOCALITY. — French Guiana, aval du saut Pararé (Paragryllus elapsus elapsus Desutter-Grandcolas, 1992) and Sinnamary (Paragryllus elapsus incertus Desutter-Grandcolas, 1992). TYPE MATERIAL. — Paragryllus elapsus elapsus Desutter-Grandcolas, 1992: Holotype by original designation. French Guiana • 1 ♂; Arataye, aval du saut Pararé; 9.VII.1988; L. Desutter leg.; MNHN-EO-ENSIF5138. Allotype. French Guiana • 1 ♀; same locality and collector as the holotype; 12.VII.1988; MNHN-EO-ENSIF5139. Paratypes: 1 male, 1 female: French Guiana • 1 ♂ 1♀; same locality and collector as the holotype; VII.1988; MNHN-EO-ENSIF5140, 5141. Paragryllus elapsus incertus Desutter-Grandcolas, 1992: Holotype by original designation. French Guiana • 1 ♂; Sinnamary; VII.1977; M. Descamps leg.; MNHN-EO-ENSIF5142. Allotype. French Guiana • 1 ♀; same locality, date and collector as the holotype; MNHN-EO-ENSIF5143. Paratype, 1 male: French Guiana • 1 ♂; same locality, date and collector as the holotype; MNHN-EO-ENSIF5144. MATERIAL FROM THE MITARAKA. — French Guiana • 1 ♀; Monts Tumuc-Humac, Massif du Mitaraka vers sommet en Cloche; entre 54.4541 O 2.2349 N et 54.4646 O 2.2329 N; alt. entre 370 m et 470 m; 23.II.-10.III.2015; F. Legendre & S. Hugel leg.; fn. SH458, de nuit; MNHN. REMARK Compared to the two subspecies, the female at hand differs by the small size of its ovipositor, well shorter than FIII and TIII (longer in P. elapsus elapsus and P. elapsus incertus), its larger size, the shape of its copulatory papilla (short, not concave laterally, bisinuous distally, Fig. 23M, N) and details of coloration, such as area between eyes light yellow, this coloration prolonged on occiput; LL black, with a short median yellow line along lower margin; DD yellowish marked with brown and black, with a wide longitudinal, median yellow band bordered distally by a pair of Y-shaped black spots, muscular inscriptions marked with black (Fig. 29C). TIII serrulation: spines lacking between subapical spurs and apical spurs on both sides; on inner side, one spine between isa1 and isa2, one to two spines between isa2 and isa3, 20 spines above isa3; on outer side, one to two spines between osa1 and osa2, two spines between osa2 and osa3, 18-19 spines above osa3. Barsitarsomeres III serrulation: one to two inner spines and five to six outer spines, in addition to apical spines. Subgenital plate as on Fig. 23O. MEASUREMENTS (IN MM). — See Table 21., Published as part of Desutter-Grandcolas, Laure & Faberon, Léo, 2020, Phalangopsidae crickets (Orthoptera, Grylloidea) from the Mitaraka biological survey, French Guiana, pp. 739-797 in Zoosystema 42 (32) on pages 787-789, DOI: 10.5252/zoosystema2020v42a32, http://zenodo.org/record/4399795, {"references":["DESUTTER- GRANDCOLAS L. 1992 a. - Les Phalangopsidae de Guyane francaise (Orthopteres, Grylloidea): systematique, elements de phylogenie et de biologie. Bulletin du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris 14: 93 - 177."]}

Paragryllus martini Guérin-Méneville, 1844 Rehn, 1909: 221; Otte & Perez-Gelabert, 2009: 673. Distribution. Grenada, Guadaloupe and Mexico. Notes. The citation of Rehn (1909) is the only record of this species in Cuba. Hebard (1932: 357) records it from Mexico and together with synonyms from Brazil this would suggest a wide distribution for this species. Its presence in Cuba needs confirmation with new collections., Published as part of Yong, Sheyla & Perez-Gelabert, Daniel E., 2014, Grasshoppers, Crickets and Katydids (Insecta: Orthoptera) of Cuba: an annotated checklist, pp. 401-438 in Zootaxa 3827 (4) on page 431, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3827.4.1, http://zenodo.org/record/228581, {"references":["Rehn, J. A. G. (1909) A catalog of the Orthoptera of Cuba and the Isle of Pines. Second Report of the central experimental station of the Republic of Cuba. Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, pp. 175 - 235.","Otte, D. & Perez-Gelabert, D. E. (2009) Caribbean Crickets. Orthopterists´Society, place of publication not stated, 792 pp.","Hebard, M. (1932) New species and records of Mexican Orthoptera. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 58, 201 - 371."]}