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The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of the administration of meloxicam; carprofen; and a slow-acting disease modifying osteoarthritis agent, that contains chondroitin sulfate, purified glucosamine, and manganese ascorbate (CS-G-M), on thyroid function in dogs. Forty-six healthy (except for osteoarthritis) euthyroid dogs were blindly assigned to 3 treatment groups: meloxicam, carprofen, and CS-G-M. Each group received the recommended dose of the drug for 60 days. Sixteen other osteoarthritic euthyroid dogs, which received a placebo, were used as a control group to validate the study. For all groups, blood samples were collected on days 0, 30, and 60 to evaluate the serum total and free thyroxine, and endogenous thyrotropin concentrations. There were no significant differences among the treatment groups at each time or within each group over a 60-day period for all parameters. Moreover, none of these values were within the hypothyroid range. Based on the results of this study, the administration of meloxicam, carprofen, and CS-G-M did not affect canine thyroid function evaluation.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a topical formulation of selamectin in the treatment of cheyletiellosis in cats. Fifteen adult domestic cats from the same household with naturally occurring Cheyletiella sp. infestation were enrolled in the study. On each cat, 45 mg of selamectin was applied on days 0, 30, and 60. No other treatment or environmental decontamination was performed during the trial. On days 0, 30, 60, and 120, all cats were examined, epidermal debris was collected over the dorsal area of the body with flea combs for microscopic examination, and fecal flotations were done. Clinical signs had subsided by day 60 in all 15 cats and no signs of recurrence were apparent on follow-up 1 year later. All epidermal and fecal samples were negative by day 60. No adverse reactions were observed. Under the conditions of our study, topical selamectin was a practical and well-tolerated means of treatment for cheyletiellosis in cats.

An in-office allergy screening kit was evaluated in 10 dogs that had no clinical signs of atopy but had various intestinal parasites. All 10 dogs had a positive reaction to the dust mite Dermatophagoïdes farinae, and four dogs had positive reactions to at least one other group of allergens. The kit as presently marketed gives numerous false positive results in parasitized nonatopic dogs.

Dermatological disorders accounted for 18.8% and 15.2%, respectively, of all the dogs and cats examined at the Small Animal Clinic, University of Montreal, Saint-Hyacinthe, during a one-year period. In dogs, the most common groups of dermatological disorders encountered were bacterial folliculitis and furunculosis, allergic dermatitis, endocrinopathy, neoplasia, ectoparasitism, and immune-mediated dermatitis. The most common primary final diagnoses were bacterial folliculitis and furunculosis, atopy, food hypersensitivity, flea bite hypersensitivity, hyperadrenocorticism, and hypothyroidism. Breed predispositions were found for several canine dermatoses: bacterial folliculitis and furunculosis (collie, German shepherd, golden retriever, Newfoundland), atopy (boxer, golden retriever), food hypersensitivity (boxer, German shepherd), hyperadrenocorticism (miniature poodle), hypothyroidism (Doberman pinscher, Gordon setter), castration-responsive alopecia (chow chow), demodicosis (Old English sheepdog), and idiopathic pruritus (pit bull terrier).In cats, the most common dermatoses were abscesses, otodectic mange, cheyletiellosis, flea bite hypersensitivity, atopy, flea infestation, neoplasia, and food hypersensitivity. Himalayan and Persian cats accounted for 50% of the cases of cheyletiellosis and 75% of the cases of dermatophytosis, respectively. Hereditary primary seborrhea oleosa was seen only in Persian cats.

A case of alopecia areata (pelade) is described in a cow. Alopecia areata is a rare idiopathic dermatosis of cattle. It is characterized by asymptomatic, solitary or multiple, annular areas of noninflammatory alopecia. Scrapings and cultures are negative, and the diagnosis is confirmed by skin biopsies taken from early lesions, which reveal accumulations of lymphocytes around the bulbs of anagen hair follicles. There is no known effective and practical treatment for affected cattle. The dermatitis is a cosmetic problem, but does not seem to affect general health and production, and spontaneous remission may occur.

The 5α-reductase isoenzymes (5αR) are responsible for the conversion of testosterone into DHT. Recently, we reported the presence of mRNA for 5α-reductases in canine skin. Although we detected mRNA encoding 5αR1 and 5αR3 but not 5αR2, the distribution and localization of 5αR isoenzymes throughout the canine skin and hair follicle are still unknown. The objectives of this study were therefore to demonstrate the specific distribution and localization of 5αR type 1 and 3 isoenzymes in the skin, hair follicle and prostate of healthy beagle dogs by immunohistochemistry. Eight healthy, unrelated and intact young-mature beagle dogs (4 males and 4 females) with no history of skin disease were selected for this study. Skin biopsy samples were obtained from three anatomic sites normally affected by alopecia X (dorsal neck, back of thighs and base of tail) and two sites generally unaffected (dorsal head and ventral thoracic regions). Canine prostate glands (n=3) also collected. In the prostate gland, 5αR1 was present in secretory epithelial cells, basal epithelial cells and blood vessels. On the other hand, 5αR3 was present in basal epithelial cells and blood vessels, but was not detected in secretory epithelial cells. In the skin, 5αR1 was detected in anagen hair follicle at the level of connective tissue sheath, outer and inner root sheath, hair shaft, and dermal papilla. It was also detected in the sebaceous and sweat glands, arrector pili muscles and in vascular endothelial cells. The 5αR3 protein was detected in connective tissue sheath, dermal papilla and vascular endothelial cells of anagen hair follicles. To our knowledge, this is the first study describing the specific localization of 5αR1 and 5αR3 isoenzymes in normal canine skin, hair follicles and prostate of normal healthy beagle dogs., Les isoenzymes 5α-réductase (5αR), 5αR1, 5αR2 et 5αR3 sont responsables de la conversion de la testostérone en dihydrotestostérone (DHT). Récemment, le niveau d'expression des gènes de la 5αR dans la peau canine a été décrit, démontrant la présence de l'ARNm codant pour 5αR1 et 5αR3. Dans la prostate du chien, les trois formes de l’enzyme (5αR1, 5αR2 et 5αR3) sont présentes. La localisation exacte des isoenzymes 5αR dans la peau, le follicule pileux et la prostate du chien n’a toutefois pas encore été établie. Les objectifs de cette étude étaient de démontrer la localisation spécifique des isoenzymes 5αR type 1 et 3 dans la peau normale des chiens, des follicules pileux et de la prostate par immunohistochimie. Huit jeunes chiens beagle matures et intacts, (4 mâles et 4 femelles) sans antécédents de maladie dermatologique ont été sélectionnés pour cette étude. Des biopsies cutanées ont été obtenues à partir de trois sites anatomiques normalement affectés par l'alopécie X (cou dorsal, face postérieure des cuisses et base de la queue) et de deux sites généralement non affectés (tête dorsale et région thoracique ventrale). La glande prostatique (n = 3) a été prélevée. Dans la prostate, la présence de 5αR1 a été démontrée dans les cellules épithéliales sécrétoires et basales ainsi que dans les vaisseaux sanguins, tandis que la 5αR3 est présente seulement dans les cellules épithéliales basales et les vaisseaux sanguins. Concernant la peau, la 5αR1 a été détectée dans les follicules pileux en phase anagène au niveau de la gaine de tissu conjonctif, de la gaine externe et interne de la racine, de la tige pilaire et de la papille dermique. Elle a également été détectée dans les glandes sébacées et sudoripares, dans le muscle piloérecteur et dans les cellules endothéliales vasculaires. L’isoenzyme 5αR3 a été détectée dans la gaine de tissu conjonctif et la papille dermique des follicules pileux en phase anagène ainsi que dans les cellules endothéliales vasculaires. À notre connaissance, il s’agit de la première étude qui décrit la localisation spécifique des isoenzymes 5αR1 et 5αR3 dans la peau normale, les follicules pileux et la prostate de chiens.

Mémoire numérisé par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal.

Mémoire numérisé par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal.