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1. The Point Process Framework for Integrated Modelling of Biodiversity Data

Author

Adjei, Kwaku Peprah, Mostert, Philip, Parada, Jorge Sicacha, Skarstein, Emma, and O'Hara, Robert B.

Subjects
Statistics - Applications
Abstract

The quantity and types of biodiversity data being collected have increased in recent years. If we are to model and monitor biodiversity effectively, we need to respect how different data sets were collected, and effectively integrate these data types together. The framework that has emerged to do this is based on a point process formulation, with individuals as points and their distribution as a realisation of a random field. We describe this formulation and how the process model for the actual distribution is linked to the data that is collected through observation models. The observation models describe the data collection process and its uncertainties and biases. We provide an example of using these methods to model species of Norwegian freshwater fish, which shows how integrated models can be adapted to the data we can collect. We summarise the modelling issues that arise and the approaches that could be taken to solve them.

Published
2023

2. New spatial models for integrating standardized detection-nondetection and opportunistic presence-only data: application to estimating risk factors associated to powerline-induced death of birds

Author

Sicacha-Parada, Jorge, Pavon-Jordan, Diego, Steinsland, Ingelin, May, Roel, and Stokke, Bård

Subjects
Statistics - Methodology
Abstract

The constant increase in energy consumption has created the necessity of extending the energy transmission and distribution network. Placement of powerlines represent a risk for bird population. Hence, better understanding of deaths induced by powerlines, and the factors behind them are of paramount importance to reduce the impact of powerlines. To address this concern, professional surveys and citizen science data are available. While the former data type is observed in small portions of the space by experts through expensive standardized sampling protocols, the latter is opportunistically collected by citizen scientists. We set up full Bayesian spatial models that 1) fusion both professional surveys and citizen science data and 2) explicitly account for preferential sampling that affects professional surveys data and for factors that affect the quality of citizen science data. The proposed models are part of the family of latent Gaussian models as both data types are interpreted as thinned spatial point patterns and modeled as log-Gaussian Cox processes. The specification of these models assume the existence of a common latent spatial process underlying the observation of both data types. The proposed models are used both on simulated data and on real-data of powerline-induced death of birds in the Trondelag in Norway. The simulation studies clearly show increased accuracy in parameter estimates when both data types are fusioned and factors that bias their collection processes are properly accounted for. The study of powerline-induced deaths shows a clear association between the density of the powerline network and the risk that powerlines represent for bird populations. The choice of model is relevant for the conclusions from this case study as different models estimated the association between risk of powerline-induced deaths and the amount of exposed birds differently.

Published
2023

4. How is model-related uncertainty quantified and reported in different disciplines?

Author

Simmonds, Emily G., Adjei, Kwaku Peprah, Andersen, Christoffer Wold, Aspheim, Janne Cathrin Hetle, Battistin, Claudia, Bulso, Nicola, Christensen, Hannah, Cretois, Benjamin, Cubero, Ryan, Davidovich, Ivan A., Dickel, Lisa, Dunn, Benjamin, Dunn-Sigouin, Etienne, Dyrstad, Karin, Einum, Sigurd, Giglio, Donata, Gjerlow, Haakon, Godefroidt, Amelie, Gonzalez-Gil, Ricardo, Cogno, Soledad Gonzalo, Grosse, Fabian, Halloran, Paul, Jensen, Mari F., Kennedy, John James, Langsaether, Peter Egge, Laverick, Jack H., Lederberger, Debora, Li, Camille, Mandeville, Elizabeth, Mandeville, Caitlin, Moe, Espen, Schroder, Tobias Navarro, Nunan, David, Parada, Jorge Sicacha, Simpson, Melanie Rae, Skarstein, Emma Sofie, Spensberger, Clemens, Stevens, Richard, Subramanian, Aneesh, Svendsen, Lea, Theisen, Ole Magnus, Watret, Connor, and OHara, Robert B.

Subjects
Statistics - Applications, Physics - Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics, Quantitative Biology - Quantitative Methods
Abstract

How do we know how much we know? Quantifying uncertainty associated with our modelling work is the only way we can answer how much we know about any phenomenon. With quantitative science now highly influential in the public sphere and the results from models translating into action, we must support our conclusions with sufficient rigour to produce useful, reproducible results. Incomplete consideration of model-based uncertainties can lead to false conclusions with real world impacts. Despite these potentially damaging consequences, uncertainty consideration is incomplete both within and across scientific fields. We take a unique interdisciplinary approach and conduct a systematic audit of model-related uncertainty quantification from seven scientific fields, spanning the biological, physical, and social sciences. Our results show no single field is achieving complete consideration of model uncertainties, but together we can fill the gaps. We propose opportunities to improve the quantification of uncertainty through use of a source framework for uncertainty consideration, model type specific guidelines, improved presentation, and shared best practice. We also identify shared outstanding challenges (uncertainty in input data, balancing trade-offs, error propagation, and defining how much uncertainty is required). Finally, we make nine concrete recommendations for current practice (following good practice guidelines and an uncertainty checklist, presenting uncertainty numerically, and propagating model-related uncertainty into conclusions), future research priorities (uncertainty in input data, quantifying uncertainty in complex models, and the importance of missing uncertainty in different contexts), and general research standards across the sciences (transparency about study limitations and dedicated uncertainty sections of manuscripts)., Comment: 40 Pages (including supporting information), 3 Figures, 2 Boxes, 1 Table

Published
2022
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6. A spatial modeling framework for monitoring surveys with different sampling protocols with a case study for bird abundance in mid-Scandinavia

Author

Sicacha-Parada, Jorge, Pavon-Jordan, Diego, Steinsland, Ingelin, May, Roel, Stokke, Bård, and Øien, Ingar Jostein

Subjects
Statistics - Methodology, Statistics - Applications
Abstract

We present a new methodology to model total abundance by merging count data information from surveys with different sampling protocols. The proposed methods are used for data from national breeding bird monitoring programs in Norway and Sweden. Each census collects abundance data following two different sampling protocols in each country, i.e. these protocols provides data from four different sampling processes. The modeling framework assumes a common Gaussian Random Field shared by both the observed and true abundance with either a linear or a relaxed linear association between them. The models account for particularities of each sampling protocol by including terms that affect each observation process, i.e. accounting for differences in observation units and detectability. Bayesian inference is performed using the Integrated Nested Laplace Approximation (INLA) and the Stochastic Partial Differential Equation (SPDE) approach for spatial modeling. We also present the results of a simulation study based on the empirical census data from mid-Scandinavia to assess the performance of the models under model misspecification. Finally, maps of the total expected abundance of birds in our study region in mid-Scandinavia are presented with uncertainty estimates.

Published
2021

8. Insights into the quantification and reporting of model-related uncertainty across different disciplines

Author

Simmonds, Emily G., Adjei, Kwaku Peprah, Andersen, Christoffer Wold, Hetle Aspheim, Janne Cathrin, Battistin, Claudia, Bulso, Nicola, Christensen, Hannah M., Cretois, Benjamin, Cubero, Ryan, Davidovich, Iván A., Dickel, Lisa, Dunn, Benjamin, Dunn-Sigouin, Etienne, Dyrstad, Karin, Einum, Sigurd, Giglio, Donata, Gjerløw, Haakon, Godefroidt, Amélie, González-Gil, Ricardo, Gonzalo Cogno, Soledad, Große, Fabian, Halloran, Paul, Jensen, Mari F., Kennedy, John James, Langsæther, Peter Egge, Laverick, Jack H., Lederberger, Debora, Li, Camille, Mandeville, Elizabeth G., Mandeville, Caitlin, Moe, Espen, Navarro Schröder, Tobias, Nunan, David, Sicacha-Parada, Jorge, Simpson, Melanie Rae, Skarstein, Emma Sofie, Spensberger, Clemens, Stevens, Richard, Subramanian, Aneesh C., Svendsen, Lea, Theisen, Ole Magnus, Watret, Connor, and O’Hara, Robert B.

Published
2022
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10. Oportunidades pedagógicas de la visualización de información y de conocimiento en la formación universitaria / Pedagogical opportunities of the visualization of information and knowledge in university training

Author

Gorina-Sánchez, Alexander / AGS, Alonso-Berenguer, Isabel / IAB, Salgado Castillo, Antonio / ASC, and Masabó Parada, Jorge Luis / JLMP

Subjects
BH. Information needs and information requirements analysis., FJ. Knowledge management, GH. Education., GI. Training., ID. Knowledge representation.
Abstract

In the present informational society, the visualization of information and knowledge makes it possible to achieve an effective representation, understanding and communication of the growing volume of information coming from diverse sources and the great variety of complex and abstract con-cepts that exist, all of which would be very difficult if we adopt only a verbal perspective. However, in Latin America, the potential of this field of science from the Pedagogical Sciences is not sufficiently exploited to influence the training of university professionals, which limits successful perfor-mance in certain informational tasks. In this paper, the notion of visualization of information and knowledge was developed and pedagogical opportunities were defined that help to enhance the information treatment and effective communication in the training framework of future univer-sity professionals.

Published
2017

11. Rapid and Robust Identification of Sepsis Using SeptiCyte RAPID in a Heterogeneous Patient Population.

Author

Balk, Robert, Esper, Annette M., Martin, Greg S., Miller III, Russell R., Lopansri, Bert K., Burke, John P., Levy, Mitchell, Rothman, Richard E., D'Alessio, Franco R., Sidhaye, Venkataramana K., Aggarwal, Neil R., Greenberg, Jared A., Yoder, Mark, Patel, Gourang, Gilbert, Emily, Parada, Jorge P., Afshar, Majid, Kempker, Jordan A., van der Poll, Tom, and Schultz, Marcus J.

Subjects
SEPTIC shock, K-means clustering, PRINCIPAL components analysis, TURNAROUND time, CLUSTER analysis (Statistics)
Abstract

Background/Objective: SeptiCyte RAPID is a transcriptional host response assay that discriminates between sepsis and non-infectious systemic inflammation (SIRS) with a one-hour turnaround time. The overall performance of this test in a cohort of 419 patients has recently been described [Balk et al., J Clin Med 2024, 13, 1194]. In this study, we present the results from a detailed stratification analysis in which SeptiCyte RAPID performance was evaluated in the same cohort across patient groups and subgroups encompassing different demographics, comorbidities and disease, sources and types of pathogens, interventional treatments, and clinically defined phenotypes. The aims were to identify variables that might affect the ability of SeptiCyte RAPID to discriminate between sepsis and SIRS and to determine if any patient subgroups appeared to present a diagnostic challenge for the test. Methods: (1) Subgroup analysis, with subgroups defined by individual demographic or clinical variables, using conventional statistical comparison tests. (2) Principal component analysis and k-means clustering analysis to investigate phenotypic subgroups defined by unique combinations of demographic and clinical variables. Results: No significant differences in SeptiCyte RAPID performance were observed between most groups and subgroups. One notable exception involved an enhanced SeptiCyte RAPID performance for a phenotypic subgroup defined by a combination of clinical variables suggesting a septic shock response. Conclusions: We conclude that for this patient cohort, SeptiCyte RAPID performance was largely unaffected by key variables associated with heterogeneity in patients suspected of sepsis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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18. Validation of SeptiCyte RAPID to Discriminate Sepsis from Non-Infectious Systemic Inflammation

Author

Balk, Robert, primary, Esper, Annette M., additional, Martin, Greg S., additional, Miller, Russell R., additional, Lopansri, Bert K., additional, Burke, John P., additional, Levy, Mitchell, additional, Opal, Steven, additional, Rothman, Richard E., additional, D’Alessio, Franco R., additional, Sidhaye, Venkataramana K., additional, Aggarwal, Neil R., additional, Greenberg, Jared A., additional, Yoder, Mark, additional, Patel, Gourang, additional, Gilbert, Emily, additional, Parada, Jorge P., additional, Afshar, Majid, additional, Kempker, Jordan A., additional, van der Poll, Tom, additional, Schultz, Marcus J., additional, Scicluna, Brendon P., additional, Klein Klouwenberg, Peter M. C., additional, Liebler, Janice, additional, Blodget, Emily, additional, Kumar, Santhi, additional, Navalkar, Krupa, additional, Yager, Thomas D., additional, Sampson, Dayle, additional, Kirk, James T., additional, Cermelli, Silvia, additional, Davis, Roy F., additional, and Brandon, Richard B., additional

Published
2024
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20. Recommendations for quantitative uncertainty consideration in ecology and evolution

Author

Simmonds, Emily G., primary, Adjei, Kwaku P., additional, Cretois, Benjamin, additional, Dickel, Lisa, additional, González-Gil, Ricardo, additional, Laverick, Jack H., additional, Mandeville, Caitlin P., additional, Mandeville, Elizabeth G., additional, Ovaskainen, Otso, additional, Sicacha-Parada, Jorge, additional, Skarstein, Emma S., additional, and O'Hara, Bob, additional

Published
2023
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24. Reduction of airborne and surface-borne bacteria in a medical center burn intensive care unit using active, upper-room, germicidal ultraviolet (GUV) disinfection

Author

Lee, Linda D., Lie, Louise, Bauer, Michael, Bolanos, Berenice, Olmsted, Russell N., Varma, Jay K., and Parada, Jorge P.

Abstract

AbstractObjective:To determine the effectiveness of active, upper-room, germicidal ultraviolet (GUV) devices in reducing bacterial contamination in patient rooms in air and on surfaces as a supplement to the central heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) air handling unit (AHU) with MERV 14 filters and UV-C disinfection.Methods:This study was conducted in an academic medical center, burn intensive care unit (BICU), for 4 months in 2022. Room occupancy was monitored and recorded. In total, 402 preinstallation and postinstallation bacterial air and non–high-touch surface samples were obtained from 10 BICU patient rooms. Airborne particle counts were measured in the rooms, and bacterial air samples were obtained from the patient-room supply air vents and outdoor air, before and after the intervention. After preintervention samples were obtained, an active, upper-room, GUV air disinfection system was deployed in each of the patient rooms in the BICU.Results:The average levels of airborne bacteria of 395 CFU/m3before GUV device installation and 37 CFU/m3after installation indicated an 89% overall decrease (P< .0001). Levels of surface-borne bacteria were associated with a 69% decrease (P< .0001) after GUV device installation. Outdoor levels of airborne bacteria averaged 341 CFU/m3in March before installation and 676 CFU/m3in June after installation, but this increase was not significant (P= .517).Conclusions:Significant reductions in air and surface contamination occurred in all rooms and areas and were not associated with variations in outdoor air concentrations of bacteria. The significant decrease of surface bacteria is an unexpected benefit associated with in-room GUV air disinfection, which can potentially reduce overall bioburden.

Published
2024
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26. Conmutación en Chile durante el period 2010-2019

Author

Soza Amigo, Sergio, Parada, Jorge, Colther, Cristian, Soza Amigo, Sergio, Parada, Jorge, and Colther, Cristian

Abstract

The objective of the current study is to investigate two issues related to the commuting phenomenon in Chile. First, the allometric effect observed between the offered functions and the identified population, particularly in Norte Chico and Patagonia. Second, the nodal canters have a tendency to concentrate population and have not always contributed in dynamizing its surrounding environment. This has been perpetuated by a mismatch between labour supply and labour demand. In relation to these issues, the purpose of this investigation is to detect the changes in the Chilean labour structures with particular emphasis on commuting. The results revealed that the effects of the changes in labour demand are different. They can be classified as indirect effects on the area that generates these changes, and indirect effects on the rest of the system. In addition, differences between areas in relation to commuters’ profiles and their types of commutation were identified. That is, an interrelation towards the rest of country was observed in the north part of the country (Norte Chico); and a more interregional interrelation characterized by a commuting phenomenon inside the Chilean Patagonia was observed in the south., Resumen: El presente trabajo parte de la observación de dos problemas en la conmutación chilena: por un lado, el efecto alométrico detectado entre las funciones ofrecidas y la población encontrada en un determinado territorio, especialmente en el Norte Chico y la Patagonia Chilena; por otra parte, la tendencia a concentrar población, pero no contribuir a la dinamización de su entorno observada en los centros nodales de estas dos zonas, perpetuada por la falta de armonía entre oferta y demanda local. Ambos problemas han originado distintos tipos de conmutación que condicionan el desarrollo tanto local como regional. Por ello, se propuso detectar cambios en las estructuras laborales en Chile, con especial atención al fenómeno de la conmutación en las zonas del Norte Chico y Patagonia Chilena. Como resultado, se ha detectado que los cambios en las demandas laborales presentan variados tipos de impacto, destacando tanto los impactos indirectos hacia la zona que los motiva como los indirectos que afectan al resto del sistema. Además, se observaron ciertas diferencias entre zonas en cuanto a perfiles de conmutante y tipo de conmutación: Mientras que en el Norte Chico se observa una interrelación que apunta hacia el resto del país, en el sur es más bien del tipo interregional, limitándose a una conmutación dentro de la Patagonia chilena.

Published
2023

27. Physician agreement on the diagnosis of sepsis in the intensive care unit: estimation of concordance and analysis of underlying factors in a multicenter cohort

Author

Lopansri, Bert K., Miller III, Russell R., Burke, John P., Levy, Mitchell, Opal, Steven, Rothman, Richard E., D’Alessio, Franco R., Sidhaye, Venkataramana K., Balk, Robert, Greenberg, Jared A., Yoder, Mark, Patel, Gourang P., Gilbert, Emily, Afshar, Majid, Parada, Jorge P., Martin, Greg S., Esper, Annette M., Kempker, Jordan A., Narasimhan, Mangala, Tsegaye, Adey, Hahn, Stella, Mayo, Paul, McHugh, Leo, Rapisarda, Antony, Sampson, Dayle, Brandon, Roslyn A., Seldon, Therese A., Yager, Thomas D., and Brandon, Richard B.

Published
2019
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29. Catalytic Valorization of Glycerol in the Absence of External Hydrogen: Effect of the Cu/Zro2 Catalyst Mass and Solvent

Author

Colmenares Zerpa, Julio Cesar, primary, Gajardo Parada, Jorge Arnoldo, additional, Gonzalez, Giancarlo, additional, Fierro, Jose L.G., additional, Oliveira Peixoto, Andreia Filipa Ribeiro, additional, Junkaew, Anchelee, additional, Suthirakhun, Suwit, additional, Oliveira dos Santos, Joao Batista, additional, Picinini, Monize, additional, Urquieta-Gonzalez, Ernesto Antonio, additional, Hirunsit, Pussana, additional, and Chimentão, Ricardo José, additional

Published
2023
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33. Validation of SeptiCyte RAPID to discriminate sepsis from non-infectious systemic inflammation

Author

Balk, Robert, primary, Esper, Annette M., additional, Martin, Greg S., additional, Miller, Russell R., additional, Lopansri, Bert K., additional, Burke, John P., additional, Levy, Mitchell, additional, Opal, Steven, additional, Rothman, Richard E., additional, D’Alessio, Franco R., additional, Sidhaye, Venkataramana K., additional, Aggarwal, Neil R., additional, Greenberg, Jared A., additional, Yoder, Mark, additional, Patel, Gourang, additional, Gilbert, Emily, additional, Parada, Jorge P., additional, Afshar, Majid, additional, Kempker, Jordan A., additional, van der Poll, Tom, additional, Schultz, Marcus J., additional, Scicluna, Brendon P., additional, Klein Klouwenberg, Peter M.C., additional, Liebler, Janice, additional, Blodget, Emily, additional, Kumar, Santhi, additional, Navalkar, Krupa, additional, Yager, Thomas D., additional, Sampson, Dayle, additional, Kirk, James T., additional, Cermelli, Silvia, additional, Davis, Roy F., additional, and Brandon, Richard B., additional

Published
2022
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45. Effects of cryopreservation on the spermeshead morphometry in goat semen

Author

Hernandez-Corredor, Leonardo, RUBIO PARADA, JORGE ALEXANDER, and Quintero Moreno, Armando

Subjects
Morphometry, Subpoblación, Goat, Caprino, Morfometría, Espermatozoide, Subpopulation, Sperm
Abstract

El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el efecto de los cambios de temperatura durante el proceso de criopreservación sobre las dimensiones y la forma de la cabeza espermática en semen de caprinos. Se evaluaron 56 eyaculados de 7 machos cabríos de reconocida fertilidad utilizando el sistema de Análisis Computarizado de la Morfometría Espermática (ASMA), determinando: Longitud (L), Ancho (W), Área (A), Perímetro (P), Elipticidad (E), Rugosidad (R), Elongación (El), Regularidad (RE) y el factor de forma de la cabeza espermática (P2A). Los parámetros obtenidos se analizaron mediante el procedimiento FASTCLUS para obtener las subpoblaciones espermáticas (SP) y su porcentaje en cada fase del proceso. En semen recién colectado, la SP1 estuvo representada por los espermatozoides (SPZ) de mayor longitud (35,12%), la SP2 con espermios de mayor anchura y menor elipticidad (36,81%), la SP3 obtuvo medidas promedio (9,58%), mientras que SP4 contenía los espermios más pequeños (18,48%). Durante el proceso de refrigeración, la SP1 (32,93%) mostró SPZ de mayor longitud, la SP4 (18,54%) pequeños, no obstante, la SP3 (12,88%) es más parecida a la SP1, y la SP2 (35,66%) presenta espermios no hidrodinámicos (muy anchos). Al descongelar, la SP2 (33,12%) presentó espermios de mayor anchura, la SP1 (30,92%) espermios de mayor longitud y elípticos (hidrodinámicos), la SP3 (14,43%) es parecida a la SP1 y la SP4 (21,53%) se caracteriza por presentar células pequeñas. Se observaron efectos mínimos del proceso de criopreservación sobre la morfometría espermática en el semen caprino, hecho comprobado al observar la frecuencia de distribución de espermios y las características de sus formas para cada SP. La estructura de la SP se mantuvo relativamente constante después del periodo de refrigeración y del almacenamiento en nitrógeno líquido. En conclusión, la criopreservación no modificó sustancialmente los parámetros específicos como la distribución de los SPZ dentro de las SP (menos del 5% de cambios). The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of temperature changes during cryopreservation process on the sperm head morphometry in the goat semen. Fifty six ejaculates of 7 male goats of recognized fertility were evaluated by using the Sperm Morphology Analysis (ASMA) to determine the sperm head size and shape: Length (L), Width (W), Area (A), Perimeter (P), Ellipticity (E), Rugosity (R), Elongation (El), and Regularity (RE). FASTCLUS procedure was done to classify the spermatozoa (SPZ) of the data set into a reduced number of subpopulations (SP). Fresh: Subpopulation 1 (SP1) consisted of long and wide spermatozoa (35.12%), SP2 with SPZ of lower ellipticity (36.81%), SP3 in SPZ of average measurements (9.58%) and SP4 in small (18.48%). Cooling: SP1 (32.93%) are SPZ long, SP4 (18.54%) small, SP3 (12.88%) are similar to SP1, SP2 (35.66%) SPZ not hydrodynamic (very wide). Post thawing: SP2 (35.66%) wide SPZ, SP1 (30.92%) long and elliptical (hydrodynamic), SP3 (14.43%) similar to SP1, SP4 (21.53%) they are small cells. The minimal effects of the sperm cryopreservation process on the morphometry in goat semen were observed in the frequency of SPZ distribution in SPs and the characteristics of their forms for each subpopulation; the structure of the SP was maintained after the period of refrigeration and cold storage. In conclusion, cryopreservation did not modify specific parameters such as SPZ distribution within SPs (less than 5% of changes).

Published
2021

47. Factores asociados a la adherencia del tratamiento en pacientes hipertensos en el municipio de San José de Miranda – Santander en el periodo enero a septiembre de 2018

Author

Tarazona Parada, Jorge Armando and Chaparro Narvaez, Pablo

Subjects
Quality of life, Arterial hypertension, Atencion a pacientes hipertensos -- Miranda (Santander, Colombia), Calidad de vida, Calidad del servicio -- Atención médica, Heart disease, Enfermedades del corazón, Personas hipertensas, Hypertensive people, Hipertensión arterial, Adherence, Promotion and prevention, Attention to hypertensive patients -- Miranda (Santander, Colombia), Quality of service -- Medical care, Adherencia, Promoción y prevención
Abstract

La hipertensión arterial, es un factor de riesgo que origina enfermedades que se encuentran entre las principales causas de muerte en todos los países, el tratamiento de esta patología es multidisciplinario, en donde es esencial una buena interacción médico-paciente encaminada a recuperar la salud al paciente, prevenir enfermedades. La adherencia al tratamiento es una asistencia efectiva y comprometida de los prestadores de salud, del propio paciente y de la familia para conseguir buenos resultados en el manejo de la hipertensión arterial; por lo anterior se desea determinar los elementos asociados a la adherencia del tratamiento en pacientes hipertensos en el municipio de San José de Miranda Santander inscritos en la base de datos del hospital local, en el periodo enero a septiembre de 2018. Como medidas para el desarrollo del proyecto en mención se decide implementar con la ayuda de aplicación de encuestas una serie de preguntas de acuerdo con la investigación teórica para determinar el grado de adherencia al tratamiento con el fin de determinar los aspectos relevantes que permitan generar estrategias efectivas, impactando en la mejora de las condiciones de salud de los pacientes. Hypertension is a risk factor that causes diseases that are among the main causes of death in all countries, the treatment of this pathology is multidisciplinary, where a good doctor-patient interaction is essential aimed at recovering health when patient, prevent disease. Adherence to treatment is effective and committed assistance from health providers, the patient himself and the family to achieve good results in the management of arterial hypertension; Therefore, it is desired to determine the elements associated with adherence to treatment in hypertensive patients in the municipality of San José de Miranda Santander enrolled in the local hospital database, in the period January to September 2018. As measures for the development of the aforementioned project, it is decided to implement with the help of the application of surveys a series of questions in accordance with the theoretical research to determine the degree of adherence to treatment in order to determine the relevant aspects that allow generating effective strategies , impacting on the improvement of the health conditions of patients. Magíster en Salud Pública http://unidadinvestigacion.usta.edu.co Maestría

Published
2021

48. Determinantes del embarazo adolescente en Colombia. Explicando la causa de las Causas

Author

Murad-Rivera, Rocío, Rivillas García, Juan Carlos, Gómez, German, Sicacha-Parada, Jorge, and Vargas, Victoria

Abstract

El propósito de esta investigación fue realizar un análisis de los determinantes sociales con mayor contribución en la ocurrencia del embarazo en la adolescencia e identificar aquellos que aumentan el nivel de vulnerabilidad al riesgo de un embarazo, maternidad o paternidad en la adolescencia. A partir de la información recolectada en la ENDS de 2015 explicar el estado del embarazo, maternidad y paternidad en adolescentes en Colombia, aplicando un conjunto de modelos para estimar la contribución de los determinantes en la explicación del embarazo y la paternidad adolescente, respectivamente. La permanencia en el sistema educativo y la postergación del inicio de las relaciones sexuales son los principales factores protectores, mientras que los estereotipos de género y los patrones culturales que favorecen la violencia de género explican un importante segmento del riesgo de embarazo, la maternidad y la paternidad adolescentes.

Published
2021
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