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Objective: To evaluate whether superovulation improves fecundity in women undergoing therapeutic donor insemination (TDI)., Design: Retrospective cohort study., Setting: University-affiliated fertility clinic., Patient(s): Healthy women aged 23-45 years with no history of or risk factors for infertility who underwent 152 medicated and 104 unmedicated TDI cycles from 2013 to 2018., Intervention: Unmedicated TDI versus use of medication in a TDI cycle (clomiphene citrate or letrozole)., Main Outcome Measure(s): Cumulative probability of pregnancy in six TDI cycles., Result(s): In adjusted all-cycle analysis, medicated TDI cycles were less likely to result in pregnancy compared with unmedicated cycles. The incidence of twins was 23% in the medicated group and 0% in the unmedicated group. Medicated cycles were less likely to result in pregnancy in women younger than 40 years or with an antimüllerian hormone (AMH) level >1.2. After three cycles not resulting in pregnancy, the only women who conceived were those who crossed over from an unmedicated to a medicated cycle (12% vs. 0%)., Conclusion(s): Patients undergoing unmedicated TDI cycles had higher fecundity and no incidence of twin gestations. Older women, those with low AMH, and those who fail to conceive after three unmedicated cycles may benefit from medication., (Copyright © 2019 American Society for Reproductive Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

This study compared the six to nine month follow-up results of endodontic treatment completed on necrotic cases in either two appointments using calcium hydroxide as an intercanal medicament or one appointment using no intercanal medicaments. The root canals of 43 necrotic single-rooted teeth with the presence of periapical bone loss were thoroughly instrumented and irrigated with sodium hypochloride solution. Twenty-three teeth were treated with calcium hydroxide for 10-21 days, then obturated. Twenty teeth were treated in one appointment. Then each case was seen one year later for a recall appointment. The post-op x-ray was compared to the recall x-ray. A case was considered a success if either no apical lesion was present or the lesion had reduced in size and no symptoms were present. A case was considered a failure if the size of the apical lesion had remained the same or increased or if symptoms were present. All 23 of the necrotic teeth treated with calcium hydroxide were successful. Twelve of the 20 necrotic teeth treated in one appointment were successful. This study shows a connection with using calcium hydroxide in necrotic cases and a more reliably achievement for success.