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Additional file 4: Supplementary Table S3. Experimental design ofindividual mating assays with pHP2 (IncX1) and p194 (IncX2) using variousbacterial background

Additional file 3: Supplementary Table S2. Bacterial strains used formating assays

Additional file 2: Supplementary Table S1. Experimental design of individual mating assayswith induced stress using pHP2 (IncX1) and p194 (IncX2

Additional file 5: Supplementary Table S5. Student's T-test of IncX-typeplasmid conjugative transfer

Philopterus gustafssoni sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: F1B071D3-5F30-4188-A586-0D511C0DAB58 Figs 6���8C, D, Tables 2���5 Morphological diagnosis Based on descriptions and illustrations published by Mey (1988), Ph. gustafssoni sp. nov. appears to be closely related to Ph. pallescens, Ph. rutteri, Ph. hercynicus and Ph. peripariphilus. With these four species, it shares following morphological characters: (1) broadly triangular head shape with concave frons; (2) trapezoidal anterior dorsal head plate (ADP) with concave anterior margin and heavily sclerotized posterior projection. Anterior part of lateral ADP margin concave, posterior part of lateral ADP margin convex, making all lateral ADP margin S-shaped; (3) three or more pairs of setae on posterior margin of prothorax. According to what can be seen from the illustrations (Mey 1988), Ph. gustafssoni sp. nov. differs from the abovementioned species in the following combination of characters: (1) lateral margin of preantennal head straight or slightly concave in Ph. gustafssoni sp. nov. (Fig. 6A, C, E), but noticeably concave in Ph. pallescens, Ph. rutteri, Ph. hercynicus and Ph. peripariphilus; (2) frons indented in Ph. gustafssoni sp. nov. (Fig. 6A, C, E) and Ph. hercynicus, but slightly concave in Ph. pallescens, Ph. rutteri and Ph. peripariphilus; (3) postero-lateral ADP corners broadly traingular with more or less right angles in Ph. gustafssoni sp. nov. (Fig. 6A, C, E), but sharp with acute angles in Ph. pallescens, Ph. rutteri, Ph. hercynicus and Ph. peripariphilus; (4) posterior ADP projection lingulate, relatively narrow on its base and broad on its apex in Ph. gustafssoni sp. nov. (Fig. 6A, C, E), but triangulate with relatively broad base and sharp apex in Ph. pallescens, Ph. rutteri, Ph. hercynicus and Ph. peripariphilus; (5) three pairs of setae on posterior margin of prothorax in Ph. gustafssoni sp. nov. (Fig. 6A, E) and Ph. hercynicus, but more on those of Ph. pallescens, Ph. rutteri and Ph. peripariphilus; (6) three short thorn-like setae on each side of anterior prothorax margin in Ph. gustafssoni sp. nov. (Fig. 6A, E, present also in Ph. acrocephalus, Fig. 4A, E), but absent in Ph. pallescens, Ph. rutteri, Ph. hercynicus and Ph. peripariphilus; (7) ventral head carina with characteristic dark pigmentation in Ph. gustafssoni sp. nov. (Fig. 8 C���D), but not pigmented in Ph. pallescens, Ph. rutteri, Ph. hercynicus and Ph. peripariphilus. Other body parts than head and prothorax are neither illustrated nor described, so we could not verify how much they differ from Ph. gustafssoni sp. nov. We looked for the type material of Ph. pallescens and Ph. rutteri in the Natural History Museum, London, United Kingdom (BMNH), where a large part of the Denny���s (1842) and Kellogg���s (1899) collection is placed. We did found neither specimen of these species nor any Philopterus specimens from the type hosts. Type material of Ph. hercynicus and Ph. peripariphilus should be deposited in the Museum of Natural History Rudolstadt, Germany. We tried to contact Eberhard Mey in order to get more information about this material, but without any success. From Balat���s collection (MMBC) we examined one female paratype of Ph. peripariphilus and one female from Periparus ater (Linnaeus, 1758) labeled as Ph. pallescens. Both these specimens correspond to all the characters of each species described by Mey (1988) but we hesitate to assess relevance of these species only on base of one specimen. Hence, we are leaving identity of all the four species unresolved and provide only description of Ph. gustafssoni sp. nov. Etymology The specific epithet is a patronym in honor of Dr. Daniel R. Gustafsson, for his exceptional contribution to worldwide knowledge of chewing lice and leading of chewing lice frontier research in China. Material examined Holotype CZECHIA ��� ♂ (Fig. 8C); Moravian-Silesian Region, Frydek-Mistek District, Janovice; 49��37���N, 18��24���E; 19 Mar. 2015; I. Literak leg.; ex Regulus regulus regulus; MMBC CZ-OS01. Paratypes CZECHIA ��� 1♀; same collection data as for preceding; MMBC CZ-OS01 ��� 1♂, 1♀; same collection data as for preceding; MMBC CZ-OS02 ��� 1♂, 1♀; same collection data as for preceding; MMBC CZ- OS03 ��� 1♂, 1♀; same collection data as for preceding; MMBC CZ-OS04. Other material CZECHIA ��� 18 ����; same collection data as for preceding; MMBC ��� 13 ����; S Bohemian Region, Jindrichuv Hradec District, Klec; 49��05���N, 14��44���E; 15���16 May 2015; same collector, and host as for preceding; MMBC ��� 9 ♂♂, 11 ♀♀, 28 ����; Moravian-Silesian Region, Frydek-Mistek District, Lubno; 49��36���N, 18��22���E; 18 Mar. and 15���16 Apr. 2015; same collector and host as for preceding; MMBC ��� 1 ♀; S Moravian Region, Brno Country District, Skalicka; 49��21���N, 16��30���E; 2 Oct. 2015; same collector and host as for preceding; MMBC ��� 2 ♂♂, 3 ♀♀, 4 ����; Olomouc Region, Jesenik District, Zulova; 50��18���N, 17��05���E; 8 and 10 Nov. 2014; same collector and host as for preceding; MMBC ��� 2 ♀♀, 5 ����; S Moravian Region, Brno Country District, Moravske Kninice; 49��17���N, 16��29���E; 21 Dec. 2009; O. Sychra & I. Literak leg.; same host as for preceding; MMBC ��� 1 ♀, 4 ����; S Bohemian Region, Jindrichuv Hradec District, Klec; 49��05���N, 14��44���E; 16 May 2015; I. Literak leg.; ex Regulus ignicapillus; specimen lost during DNA extraction. UNITED KINGDOM ��� 1 ♂, 2 ♀♀, 1 ��; England, Dorset, Portland Bill, Portland Bird Observatory; 15 Apr. 1975; ex Regulus ignicapillus; NHML NHMUK010647797 -98, Brit. Mus. 1975-355 ��� 1 ♂, 2 ����; England, Cumbria, Wasdale; 9 Apr. 1955; ex Regulus regulus (labeled as Regularis regularis); NHML NHMUK010647799, Brit. Mus. 1955-233 ��� 1 ♂, 2 ♀♀; England, Lancashire, Southport; 5 Mar. 1961; ex Regulus regulus; NHML NHMUK010647803, Brit. Mus. 1961-671 ��� 1 ♀, 1 ��; England, Surrey; Oct. 1973; K. M. Barralet; same host as for preceding; NHML NHMUK010647804. PORTUGAL ��� 5 ♂♂, 5 ♀♀; Azores, S��o Miguel Island, Sete Cidades; 37��48���N, 25��12���W; 14���15 Apr. 2013; I. Literak leg.; ex Regulus regulus azoricus; MMBC. COUNTRY UNKNOWN ��� 3 ♂♂, 4 ♀♀, 2 ����; 14 Mar. 1937; A. Ivanov leg.; ex Regulus regulus; ZIN ��� 2 ♂♂, 1 ♀, 4 ����; 16 Mar. 1937; same collector, host and deposit as for preceding ��� 1 ♂, 2 ♀♀; 14 Apr. 1948; Lyubin leg.; same host as for preceding; ZIN. POLAND ��� 1 ♂; Pomeranian Voivodeship, Nowy Dwor Gdanski County, Mierzeja Wislana; 1 Apr. 1966; Busse leg.; same host as for preceding; MNHW 9/a/58 ��� 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; MNHW 9/a/59 ��� 1 ♀; same location, collector and host as for preceding; 2 Apr. 1966; MNHW 9/a/60 ��� 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; MNHW 9/a/61 ��� 1 �� [labeled as ♀]; same location, collector and host as for preceding; 25 Apr. 1966; MNHW 9/a/62 ��� 1 ♂; same location, collector and host as for preceding; 1 Apr. 1966; MNHW 9/a/63 ��� 1 ��; same collection data as for preceding; MNHW 9/a/64 ��� 1 ��; same location, collector and host as for preceding; 2 Apr. 1966; MNHW 9/a/65 ��� 1 ��; same location, collector and host as for preceding; 1 Apr. 1966; MNHW 9/a/66 ��� 1 ��; same location, collector and host as for preceding; 4 Apr. 1966; MNHW 9/a/67 ��� 1 ��; same location, collector and host as for preceding; 1 Apr. 1966; MNHW 9/a/68 ��� 1 ♀; same location, collector and host as for preceding; 8 Apr. 1966; MNHW 9/a/69 ��� 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; MNHW 9/a/70 ��� 1 ��; Pomeranian Voivodeship, Puck County, Hel; 10 Sep. 1962; same collector and host as for preceding; MNHW 9/a/1 ��� 1 ��; same location, collector and host as for preceding; 22 Sep. 1962; MNHW 9/a/2 ��� 1 ��; same location, collector and host as for preceding; 26 Apr. 1963; MNHW 9/a/5 ��� 1 ��; same collection data as for preceding; MNHW 9/a/6 ��� 1 ��; same location, collector and host as for preceding; 14 Apr. 1963; MNHW 9/a/7 ��� 1 ��; same collection data as for preceding; MNHW 9/a/8 ��� 1 ��; same location, collector and host as for preceding; 1 May 1963; MNHW 9/a/9 ��� 1 ��; same collection data as for preceding; MNHW 9/a/10 ��� 1 ��; same location, collector and host as for preceding; 15 Apr. 1963; MNHW 9/a/11 ��� 1 ��; same collection data as for preceding; MNHW 9/a/12 ��� 1 ��; same collection data as for preceding; MNHW 9/a/13 ��� 1 ♀; same location, collector and host as for preceding; 14 Apr. 1963; MNHW 9/a/14 ��� 1 ♂; same location, collector and host as for preceding; 16 Apr. 1963; MNHW 9/a/15 ��� 1 ♀; same location, collector and host as for preceding; 27 Apr. 1965; MNHW 9/a/16 ��� 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; MNHW 9/a/17 ��� 1 ��; same location, collector and host as for preceding; 1 Apr. 1965; MNHW 9/a/18 ��� 1 ♀; same location, collector and host as for preceding; 20 Apr. 1965; MNHW 9/a/19 ��� 1 ♀; same location, collector and host as for preceding; 3 Apr. 1965; MNHW 9/a/20 ��� 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; MNHW 9/a/21 ��� 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; MNHW 9/a/22 ��� 1 ��; same collection data as for preceding; MNHW 9/a/23 ��� 1 ��; same collection data as for preceding; MNHW 9/a/24 ��� 1 ��; same collection data as for preceding; MNHW 9/a/25 ��� 1 ♀; same location, collector and host as for preceding; 17 Apr. 1965; MNHW 9/a/27 ��� 1 ��; same collection data as for preceding; MNHW 9/a/28 ��� 1 ��; same collection data as for preceding; MNHW 9/a/29 ��� 1 ♀; same location, collector and host as for preceding; 29 Mar. 1965; MNHW 9/a/30 ��� 1 ♀; same location, collector and host as for preceding; 25 Mar. 1965; MNHW 9/a/31 ��� 1 ��; same location, collector and host as for preceding; 29 Mar. 1965; MNHW 9/a/32 ��� 1 ♀; same location, collector and host as for preceding; 17 Apr. 1965; MNHW 9/a/35 ��� 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; MNHW 9/a/36 ��� 1 ��; same collection data as for preceding; MNHW 9/a/37 ��� 1 ��; same collection data as for preceding; MNHW 9/a/38 ��� 1 ♀; same location, collector and host as for preceding; 3 Apr. 1965; MNHW 9/a/39 ��� 1 ��; same location, collector and host as for preceding; 2 Apr. 1965; MNHW 9/a/40 ��� 1 ♀; same location, collector and host as for preceding; 17 Apr. 1965; MNHW 9/a/43 ��� 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; MNHW 9/a/44 ��� 1 ��; same collection data as for preceding; MNHW 9/a/45 ��� 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; MNHW 9/a/47 ��� 1 ��; same location, collector and host as for preceding; 3 Apr. 1965; MNHW 9/a/48 ��� 1 ��; same collection data as for preceding; MNHW 9/a/49 ��� 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; MNHW 9/a/50 ��� 1 ��; same location, collector and host as for preceding; 17 Apr. 1965; MNHW 9/a/53 ��� 1 ��; same collection data as for preceding; MNHW 9/a/54 ��� 1 ��; same location, collector and host as for preceding; 3 Apr. 1965; MNHW 9/a/55 ��� 1 ��; same collection data as for preceding; MNHW 9/a/56 ��� 1 ��; same collection data as for preceding; MNHW 9/a/57 ��� 1 ♂; Pomeranian Voivodeship, Nowy Dwor Gdanski County, Mierzeja Wislana; 1 Apr. 1966, same collector and host as for preceding; MNHW 9/a/58 ��� 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; MNHW 9/a/59 ��� 1 ♀; same location, collector and host as for preceding; 2 Apr. 1966; MNHW 9/a/60 ��� 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; MNHW 9/a/61 ��� 1 ��; same location, collector and host as for preceding; 25 Apr. 1966; MNHW 9/a/62 ��� 1 ♂; same location, collector and host as for preceding; 1 Apr. 1966; MNHW 9/a/63 ��� 1 ��; same location, collector and host as for preceding; 2 Apr. 1966; MNHW 9/a/65 ��� 1 ��; same location, collector and host as for preceding; 1 Apr. 1966; MNHW 9/a/66 ��� 1 ��; same location, collector and host as for preceding; 4 Apr. 1966; MNHW 9/a/67 ��� 1 ��; same location, collector and host as for preceding; 1 Apr. 1966; MNHW 9/a/68 ��� 1 ♀; same location, collector and host as for preceding; 8 Apr. 1966; MNHW 9/a/69 ��� 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; MNHW 9/a/70 ��� 1 ♂; Pomeranian Voivodeship, Puck County, Hel; 25 Apr. 1969; same collector and host as for preceding; MNHW 9/a/73 ��� 1 ♂; same collection data as for preceding; MNHW 9/a/74 ��� 1 ♀; same location, collector and host as for preceding; 21 Apr. 1969; MNHW 9/a/75 ��� 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; MNHW 9/a/77(2) ��� 1 ��; same location, collector and host as for preceding; 25 Apr. 1969; MNHW 9/a/78(2) ��� 1 ��; same collection data as for preceding; MNHW 9/a/79(2) ��� 1 ��; same collection data as for preceding; MNHW 9/a/80(2) ��� 1 ��; same location, collector and host as for preceding; 17 Apr. 1969; MNHW 9/a/82(3) ��� 1 ♂; same collection data as for preceding; MNHW 9/a/84 ��� 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; MNHW 9/a/86 ��� 1 ��; same collection data as for preceding; MNHW 9/a/88(1) ��� 1 ��; same location, collector and host as for preceding; 21 Apr. 1969; MNHW 9/a/100(2) ��� 1 ��; same collection data as for preceding; MNHW 9/a/100(2) [the same label as preceding] ��� 1 ��; same collection data as for preceding; MNHW 9/a/108(1) ��� 1 ��; same collection data as for preceding; MNHW 9/a/109(1) ��� 1 ��; same collection data as for preceding; MNHW 9/a/110(4) ��� 1 ♂; same location, collector and host as for preceding; 14 Apr. 1969; MNHW 9/a/112(2) ��� 1 ♂; same location, collector and host as for preceding; 17 Apr. 1962; MNHW 9/a/113(2) ��� 1 ♀; same location, collector and host as for preceding; 21 Apr. 1969; MNHW 9/a/119(2) ��� 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; MNHW 9/a/120(2) ��� 1 ♀; same location, collector and host as for preceding; 16 Apr. 1969; MNHW 9/a/122(1) ��� 1 ��; same collection data as for preceding; MNHW 9/a/129 ��� 1 ♀; same location, collector and host as for preceding; 21 Apr. 1969; MNHW 9/a/131(4) ��� 1 ♂; same location, collector and host as for preceding; 31 Apr. [?] 1965; MNHW 9/a/133 ��� 1 ♀; same location, collector and host as for preceding; 21 Apr. 1969; MNHW 9/a/135(3) ��� 1 ��; same collection data as for preceding; MNHW 9/a/136 ��� 1 ��; same collection data as for preceding; MNHW 9/a/137(4) ��� 1 ��; same collection data as for preceding; MNHW 9/a/157(3) ��� 1 ��; same collection data as for preceding; MNHW 9/a/159(3). ��� 1 ♀; same locality as for preceding; 16 Apr. 1969; Busse leg.; ex Regulus ignicapillus; MNHW 9/b/1. AZERBAIJAN ��� 1 ♂, 1 ♀; Lankaran District; 10 Mar. 1934; Shtroi leg.; ex Regulus regulus buturlini; ZIN I362 ��� 4 ����; Lankaran District; 14 Mar. 1934; same collector and host as for preceding; labeled as Philopterus subflavescens (determined by D.I. Blagoveshtchensky); ZIN I400. UZBEKISTAN ��� 1 ♂, 1 ♀; 16 Jan. 1940; ex Regulus regulus tristis; ZIN I445-22 ��� 2 ♀♀; same collection data as for preceding; ZIN I446-23. Additional material collected PORTUGAL ��� 8 ����; Azores, Sao Miguel Island, Nordeste; 18 Apr. 2013; I. Literak leg.; ex Regulus regulus azoricus; UVPS ��� 7 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀, 30 ����; Azores, Sao Miguel Island, Sete Cidades; 37��48���N, 25��12���W; 15 Apr. 2013; same collector and host as for preceding; UVPS ��� 1 ♀; Azores, Santa Maria Island, Pico Alto; 36��58���N, 25��05���W; 20 Sep. 2013; O. Sychra & I. Literak leg.; ex Regulus regulus sanctaemariae; UVPS. Not determinable material The following material from Złotorzycka���s collection is probably Ph. gustafssoni sp. nov., but the species could not be determined because it contained only larvae without any associated adult lice: POLAND ��� 1 ��; Pomeranian Voivodeship, Nowy Dwor Gdanski County, Mierzeja Wislana; 26 Sep. 1965; Busse leg.; ex Regulus regulus; MNHW 9/a/26 ��� 1 ��; same location, collector and host as for preceding; 30 Sep. 1964; MNHW 9/a/40 ��� 1 ��; same collection data as for preceding; MNHW 9/a/41 ��� 1 ��; same collection data as for preceding; MNHW 9/a/42 ��� 1 ��; same location, collector and host as for preceding; 1 Apr. 1960; MNHW 9/a/64 ��� 1 ��; Pomeranian Voivodeship, Nowy Dwor Gdanski County, Skowronki; 3 Sep. 1962; J. Złotorzycka leg.; same host as for preceding; MNHW 9/a/3 ��� 1 ��; same location, collector and host as for preceding; 9 Sep. 1962; MNHW 9/a/4. Description Both sexes Head as in Fig. 6C, broadly triangular, at least as wide as long, with frons deeply concave, preantennal region shorter than the postantennal, with straight lateral margin. Hyaline margin slight, not wider than frons, in some specimens barely apparent. Dorsal anterior head preantennal plate (ADP) as in Fig. 6B, with anterior margin centrally deeply indented or concave and straight anterior part of lateral margin. Posterior part of ADP lateral margin convex, so entire ADP (ignoring central posterior projection) trapezoidal with convex lateral margins. Large heavily sclerotized posterior projection protruding from posterior part of ADP, with a base the same width as anterior ADP margin. Postero-lateral corners of ADP broadly triangular, with bases positioned approximately at the level of �� of length of the central projection, about the same width as the central projection at this level, both postero-lateral ADP angles more or less right, very weakly sclerotized and therefore barely apparent, especially in comparison with the central projection. There is no or only a very slight indentation between the ADP postero-lateral corners and the central projection. Ventral anterior plate as in Fig. 6C, lateral quarters of anterior margin straight as well as lateral margins, straight or slightly convex posterior margins converging into one central median point, so the entire posterior �� of the ventral plate seems a wide triangular jag. Ventral carina darkly pigmented, creating characteristic pied pattern on preantennal head (Fig. 8 C���D). Prothorax as in Fig. 6A, E, with 1 medium-long pps in each postero-lateral corner, 2 medium-long pps on each side of posteriorly convergent central part of posterior margin and 3 short thorn-like setae on each side of its anterior margin. Prosternum elongated and posteriorly fused with anterior part of rhombic mesosternum. In place of metasternum 1���2 medium-long s, Published as part of Najer, Tomas, Papousek, Ivo, Adam, Costica, Trnka, Alfred, Quach, Van Thi, Nguyen, Chinh Ngoc, Figura, Roman, Literak, Ivan & Sychra, Oldrich, 2020, New records of Philopterus (Ischnocera: Philopteridae) from Acrocephalidae and Locustellidae, with description of one new species from Regulidae, pp. 1-37 in European Journal of Taxonomy 632 on pages 19-27, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.632, http://zenodo.org/record/3762358, {"references":["Mey E. 1988. Zur Taxonomie der auf Meisen (Paridae) parasitierenden Docophorulus-Arten (Insecta, Phthiraptera, Philopteridae). Rudolstadter Naturhistorische Schriften 1: 71 - 77.","Denny H. 1842. Monographia anoplurorum Britanniae or an Essay on the British Species of Parasitic Insects. Henry G. Bohn, London. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 26900","Kellogg V. L. 1899. New Mallophaga III. Mallophaga from birds of Panama, Baja California and Alaska. Occasional Papers of the California Academy of Sciences 6: 1 - 52.","Carriker M. A. 1949. On a collection of Mallophaga from Guam, Marianas Islands. Proceedings of the United States National Museum 100 (3254): 1 - 24. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00963801.100 - 3254.1"]}

Najer, Tomas, Papousek, Ivo, Adam, Costica, Trnka, Alfred, Quach, Van Thi, Nguyen, Chinh Ngoc, Figura, Roman, Literak, Ivan, Sychra, Oldrich (2020): New records of Philopterus (Ischnocera: Philopteridae) from Acrocephalidae and Locustellidae, with description of one new species from Regulidae. European Journal of Taxonomy 632: 1-37, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2020.632

Philopterus reguli (Denny, 1842) Material examined Holotype [UNITED KINGDOM] ��� ♀; H. Denny leg.; ex Regulus regulus; NHML NHMUK010710741, ecat. 8192226. Misidentified material The following additional specimens deposited in NHML are designated as Ph. reguli but in fact they represent some other Ischnocerans not belonging to Philopterus complex: Ex Troglodytes troglodytes (Linnaeus, 1758) (labeled as Troglodytes vulgaris): 1 ♂, collected in 1911 without further specification, other collecting data unknown, NHML NHMUK010646434, ecat. 7988337 ��� 1 ♂; collected in 1914 without further specification, other collecting data unknown; NHML NHMUK010646435, ecat. 7994159 ��� 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; NHML NHMUK010646436, ecat. 7996801. Hosts Type host Regulus aurocapillus = Regulus regulus regulus (Linnaeus, 1758) ��� probably it is a straggler from another host. Distribution Type locality United Kingdom (without futher specification). Other published locations Ex Regulus regulus ��� Azerbaijan (Blagoveshtchensky 1940 ��� as Ph. subflavescens), Bulgaria (Balat 1958), Czechia (Balat 1977), Faroe Islands (Palma & Jensen 2005), Finland (Hackman 1994), France (Seguy 1944), Germany (Mey 2003), Hungary (Vas et al. 2012b), Kyrgyzstan (Kravtsova 1998), Poland (Złotorzycka 1964, Złotorzycka & Lucińska 1976), Romania (Bechet 1961), Tajikistan (Blagoveshtchensky 1951 ��� as Ph. subflavescens), Sweden (Ash 1960), Turkey (Dik et al. 2017), Ukraine (Fedorenko 1987); Ex Regulus ignicapillus ��� Romania (Negru 1958 and Adam & Sandor 2004). Remarks Because the name Ph. reguli appeared to belong to morphologically different species than is commonly found on the type host, it is possible that all the published locations actually refer to Ph. gustafssoni sp. nov. However, none of the above cited publications refers to any concrete specimen, so we are not able to track them and prove their determination., Published as part of Najer, Tomas, Papousek, Ivo, Adam, Costica, Trnka, Alfred, Quach, Van Thi, Nguyen, Chinh Ngoc, Figura, Roman, Literak, Ivan & Sychra, Oldrich, 2020, New records of Philopterus (Ischnocera: Philopteridae) from Acrocephalidae and Locustellidae, with description of one new species from Regulidae, pp. 1-37 in European Journal of Taxonomy 632 on pages 18-19, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.632, http://zenodo.org/record/3762358, {"references":["Denny H. 1842. Monographia anoplurorum Britanniae or an Essay on the British Species of Parasitic Insects. Henry G. Bohn, London. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 26900","Blagoveshtchensky D. I. 1940. Mallophaga s ptits Talysha. Parazitologicheskiy Sbornik 13: 272 - 327.","Balat F. 1958. Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Mallophagenfauna der bulgarischen Vogel. Prace Brnenske zakladny Ceskoslovenske akademie ved 30: 397 - 722.","Balat F. 1977. Enumeratio insectorum Bohemoslovakiae: Mallophaga. Acta Faunistica Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae, suppl. 4: 45 - 52.","Palma R. L. & Jensen J. - K. 2005. Lice (Insecta: Phthiraptera) and their host associations in the Faroe Islands. Steenstrupia 29: 49 - 73.","Hackman W. 1994. Mallofager (Phthiraptera: Mallophaga) som parasiterar pa Finlands fagelarter. Memoranda Societatis pro Fauna et Flora Fennica 70: 35 - 70.","Seguy E. 1944. Insectes Ectoparasites (Mallophages, Anoploures, Siphonapteres). Faune de France. Vol. 43. Paul Lechevalier et Fils, Paris.","Mey E. 2003. Verzeichnis der Tierlause (Phthiraptera) Deutschlands. In: Klausnitzer B. (ed.) Entomofauna Germanica 6: 72 - 129. Entomologische Nachrichten und Berichte, Beiheft 8. Dresden.","Vas Z., Rekasi J. & Rozsa L. 2012 b. A checklist of lice of Hungary (Insecta: Phthiraptera). Annales Historico-naturales Musei Nationalis Hungarici 104: 5 - 109.","Kravtsova N. T. 1998. Paraziticheskie chlenistonogie osnovnykh sinantropnykh ptits g. Bishkek i ego okrestnostey. Summary of Ph. D. thesis. Kyrgyz State Agricultural University, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan.","Zlotorzycka J. 1964. Mallophaga parasitizing Passeriformes and Pici. III. Philopterinae. Acta Parasitologica Polonica 12: 401 - 430.","Zlotorzycka J. & Lucinska A. 1976. Systematische Studien an europaischen Arten der Gattungen Philopterus und Docophorulus (Mallophaga, Philopteridae). II. Teil. Die Gattung Docophorulus Eichler. Polskie Pismo Entomologiczne 46: 261 - 318.","Bechet I. 1961. Malofage din Republica Populara Romina. Studii si cerccetari de biologie, Academia Republicii Populare Romine, Filiala Cluj 12 (1): 91 - 102.","Blagoveshtchensky D. I. 1951. Mallophaga Tadzhikistana. Parazitologicheskiy Sbornik 13: 272 - 327.","Ash J. S. 1960. A study of the Mallophaga of birds with particular reference to their ecology. Ibis 102 (1): 93 - 110. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1474 - 919 X. 1960. tb 05095. x","Dik B., Erciyas K. & Per E. 2017. Chewing lice (Phthiraptera: Amblycera, Ischnocera) on birds in the Kizilirmak delta, Turkey. Revue de Medecine veterinaire 168: 53 - 62.","Fedorenko I. A. 1987. Podsemeistvo Philopterinae. In: Fauna Ukrainy 22 (9 / 2): 1 - 166. Akademia Nauk Ukrainskoi SSR, Kiev.","Negru S. 1958. Malofage noi pentru fauna R. P. R. (Mallophaga Nitzsch). Studii si cerccetari de biologie. Biologie Animala 10 (3): 225 - 248.","Adam C. & Sandor A. D. 2004. New data on the chewing louse fauna (Phthiraptera: Amblycera, Ischnocera) from Romania. Part I. Travaux du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle \" Grigore Antipa \" 46: 75 - 82."]}

Philopterus fedorenkoae (Mey, 1983) Material examined CZECHIA ��� 1 ♀; S Moravian Region, Breclav District, pond Nesyt; 22 May 1948; F. Balat leg.; ex Acrocephalus arundinaceus; MMBC No. 29 ��� 4 ♀♀, 1 ♂, 1 ��; S Moravian Region, Breclav District, Lednice, Mlynsky pond; 8 May 1948; F. Balat leg.; same host as for preceding; labeled as Philopterus subflavescens; MMBC No. 62, 63, 64 ��� 3 ♀♀, 1 ��; S Moravian Region, Hodonin District, Hodoninske ponds; 24 Apr. 1949; F. Balat leg.; same host as for preceding; MMBC No. 1410. subflavescens; MMBC No. 62, 63, 64 ��� 3 ♀♀, 1 ��; S Moravian Region, Hodonin District, Hodoninske ponds; 24 Apr. 1949; F. Balat leg.; same host as for preceding; MMBC No. 1410. SLOVAKIA ��� 1 ♀; Bratislava Region, Malacky District, Jakubov; 1 Sep. 1978; F. Balat leg.; ex Acrocephalus arundinaceus; MMBC No. 1501. Hosts Type host Acrocephalus arundinaceus arundinaceus (Linnaeus, 1758). Distribution Type locality Turkmenistan, Kurtlinskoe vodokhranilishche. Other published location Romania (Adam & Sandor 2004), Grindul Chituc. Newly reported locations Czechia, pond Nesyt, Mlynsky pond, Hodoninske ponds; Slovakia, Jakubov. Remarks The description published by Mey (1983), in our view, contains enough morphological characters for determination of this species. We examined material from Balat���s collection (MMBC), which in all morphological features corresponds to this description. Even after several attempts to contact E. Mey and the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (where it should be stored), we did not get any information about the type material. Therefore, we could not compare our own examined specimens to the type material and cannot verify identity of the species for 100%., Published as part of Najer, Tomas, Papousek, Ivo, Adam, Costica, Trnka, Alfred, Quach, Van Thi, Nguyen, Chinh Ngoc, Figura, Roman, Literak, Ivan & Sychra, Oldrich, 2020, New records of Philopterus (Ischnocera: Philopteridae) from Acrocephalidae and Locustellidae, with description of one new species from Regulidae, pp. 1-37 in European Journal of Taxonomy 632 on pages 16-18, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.632, http://zenodo.org/record/3762358, {"references":["Mey E. 1983. Docophorulus fedorenkoae sp. n. (Mallophaga). Vestnik Zoologii, Kiev 2: 31 - 35.","Carriker M. A. 1949. On a collection of Mallophaga from Guam, Marianas Islands. Proceedings of the United States National Museum 100 (3254): 1 - 24. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00963801.100 - 3254.1","Adam C. & Sandor A. D. 2004. New data on the chewing louse fauna (Phthiraptera: Amblycera, Ischnocera) from Romania. Part I. Travaux du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle \" Grigore Antipa \" 46: 75 - 82."]}

Genus Philopterus Nitzsch, 1818 Type species: Philopterus ocellatus (Scopoli, 1764). Remarks Until now, all Philopterus known from both Acrocephalidae and Regulidae were included in so called ��� reguli ��� species group. This species group was established by Złotorzycka & Lucińska (1976), but their description of the group is very general. It uses formulations which do not enable identification of this group without extensive comparison of large series of material (e.g., ���mostly trapezoidal��� or ���mostly shaped differently than in another groups���). Besides Ph. reguli, the authors place in this group also Philopterus rubeculae (Denny, 1842), Philopterus capillatus (Złotorzycka, 1964), Philopterus desertus (Złotorzycka, 1964), Philopterus pallescens (Denny, 1842), Philopterus rutteri (Kellogg, 1899), Philopterus modularis (Denny, 1842), Philopterus emiliae Balat, 1955, Philopterus mirificus (Złotorzycka, 1964) and Philopterus necopinatus (Złotorzycka, 1964, the two latter species being known from Acrocephalus J. A. Naumann & J. F. Naumann, 1811). In the end of the description they declare identity of the whole group as questionable. Mey (1983) claims that diagnostic features of this group should be shape of head and anterior dorsal plate, pleural chaetotaxy of abdominal segment IV, chaetotaxy of pronotum and ���characteristic features of male genitalia��� (without being more concrete). However, in any of these characteristics he does not describe how should they look like to be diagnostic for the species group. He places to this group only Ph. reguli, Ph. pallescens and Ph. rutteri. For Ph. modularis and seven other species (Ph. emiliae, Ph. rubeculae, Ph. capillatus, Ph. desertus, Ph. davuricae Fedorenko & Volkov, 1977, Ph. markevichi Fedorenko & Volkov, 1977 and Ph. mugimaki Fedorenko & Volkov, 1977), he newly established the modularis species group; however, he does not provide further description of this group. Concerning Philopterus fedorenkoae (Mey, 1983), Ph. mirificus and Ph. necopinatus, he states that their relationship to the reguli species group cannot be resolved until examination of more material. We examined the holotype of Philopterus reguli (NHML). This specimen is morphologically different (e.g., in shape of head, shape of dorsal preantennal head plate, thoracic and abdominal chaetotaxy, shape of subgenital plate) from all other examined Philopterus from Regulidae. Therefore, we hereby pronounce it to be a straggler and below we describe the species infesting Regulidae as a new species, Philopterus gustafssoni sp. nov. We also examined the material on which Złotorzycka & Lucińska (1976) based description of ��� reguli ��� species group. All these specimens (see below) are in fact Ph. gustafssoni sp. nov., so if the species group exists, it should be rather named gustafssoni species group. Concerning other species of the group, the types of Ph. mirificus and Ph. necopinatus are lost (Jaloszynski et al. 2014), so we could not assess morphological similarity of these two species and Ph. gustafssoni sp. nov. We tried to contact Eberhard Mey in order to get information about type material of Ph. fedorenkoae and specification of ��� reguli ��� (now gustafssoni) species group diagnosis, but without any success. Figures accompanying description of Ph. fedorenkoae (Mey 1983) show that this species differs from Ph. gustafssoni sp. nov. in several features (e.g., shape of head and dorsal head plate, pronotal chaetotaxy, shape of male subgenital plate), so it does not belong to the species group regardless it exists or not. We can also state that all by us examined Philopterus from Acrocephalus warblers (including those which might be Ph. fedorenkoae, see below) are clearly different from Ph. gustafssoni sp. nov. (see below) and do not form one species group. In other figures provided by Mey (1988), Ph. pallescens, Ph. rutteri, Philopterus hercynicus (Mey, 1988) and Philopterus peripariphilus (Mey, 1988) show similar head shape, anterior dorsal plate shape and pronotal chaetotaxy (with more than one pair of pronotal setae) as Ph. gustafssoni sp. nov. This paper, however, does not contain illustrations of male genitalia (except Ph. hercynicus) and subgenital plates. Therefore, we cannot resolve justification of this species group without extensive revision of Philopterus from Paridae Vigors, 1825. This revision is currently ongoing and it will be presented in a separate article, so hereby we only state that Ph. acrocephalus does not belong to this species group., Published as part of Najer, Tomas, Papousek, Ivo, Adam, Costica, Trnka, Alfred, Quach, Van Thi, Nguyen, Chinh Ngoc, Figura, Roman, Literak, Ivan & Sychra, Oldrich, 2020, New records of Philopterus (Ischnocera: Philopteridae) from Acrocephalidae and Locustellidae, with description of one new species from Regulidae, pp. 1-37 in European Journal of Taxonomy 632 on page 7, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.632, http://zenodo.org/record/3762358, {"references":["Zlotorzycka J. & Lucinska A. 1976. Systematische Studien an europaischen Arten der Gattungen Philopterus und Docophorulus (Mallophaga, Philopteridae). II. Teil. Die Gattung Docophorulus Eichler. Polskie Pismo Entomologiczne 46: 261 - 318.","Denny H. 1842. Monographia anoplurorum Britanniae or an Essay on the British Species of Parasitic Insects. Henry G. Bohn, London. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 26900","Zlotorzycka J. 1964. Mallophaga parasitizing Passeriformes and Pici. III. Philopterinae. Acta Parasitologica Polonica 12: 401 - 430.","Kellogg V. L. 1899. New Mallophaga III. Mallophaga from birds of Panama, Baja California and Alaska. Occasional Papers of the California Academy of Sciences 6: 1 - 52.","Mey E. 1983. Docophorulus fedorenkoae sp. n. (Mallophaga). Vestnik Zoologii, Kiev 2: 31 - 35.","Jaloszynski P., Gustafsson D. R., Wanat A. & Wanat M. 2014. Type specimens of Phthiraptera in the collection of Jadwiga Zlotorzycka preserved in the Museum of Natural History, University of Wroclaw. Genus 25 (4): 645 - 661.","Mey E. 1988. Zur Taxonomie der auf Meisen (Paridae) parasitierenden Docophorulus-Arten (Insecta, Phthiraptera, Philopteridae). Rudolstadter Naturhistorische Schriften 1: 71 - 77."]}

Philopterus acrocephalus Carriker, 1949 Figs 1���5, 8 A���B; Tables 2���5 Material examined Holotype USA ��� ♀ (Fig. 1); Marianas, Guam Island; 4 Jun. 1945; R.H. Baker leg.; ex Acrocephalus luscinius luscinius; USNM No. 58960. Other material SLOVAKIA ��� 1 ♂, 1 ♀; Nitra Region, Nove Zamky District, Gbelce; 47��52���N, 18��30���E; 19 Apr. 2009; T. Najer & O. Sychra leg.; ex Acrocephalus melanopogon; MMBC SK21 ��� 1 ♂, 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; MMBC SK22 ��� 1 ♂, 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; MMBC SK23 ��� 1 ♂, 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; MMBC SK24 ��� 1 ♂ (Fig. 8A), 1 ♀ (Fig. 8B); same collection data as for preceding; MMBC SK25. ROMANIA ��� 1 ♀; Tulcea County, Letea; 45��20���N, 29��32���E; 9 Apr. 2011; C. Adam leg.; same host as for preceding; MGAB ISC 317 ��� 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; MGAB ISC 318 ��� 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; MGAB ISC 319 ��� 1 ♂; same collection data as for preceding; MGAB ISC 320 ��� 1 ♂; same collection data as for preceding; MGAB ISC 321 ��� 1 ♂; same collection data as for preceding; MGAB ISC 322. AZERBAIJAN ��� 3 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀; 18 Apr. 1937; A. Ivanov leg.; same host as for preceding; ZIN ��� 1 ♂, 4 ♀♀; 24 Apr. 1937; same collector and host as for preceding; ZIN. RUSSIA ��� 1 ♂, 1 ♀; Korsakovo; 3 Aug. 1947; Lyubin leg., same host as for preceding; ZIN I 65 ��� 1 ♂, 1 ♀; Astrakhan Oblast, Astrakhan State Nature Reserve; 9 Aug. 1946; ex Acrocephalus schoenobaenus; ZIN I-8 ��� 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; 14 Aug. 1946; ZIN I 12/7 ��� 1 ♂; Amur Oblast, Tambovka on Amur District; 26 Jul. 1939; D.I. Blagoveshtchensky leg.; ex Iduna aedon rufescens; ZIN I216 ��� 2 ♀♀, 3 ����; same collection data as for preceding; 29 Jul. 1939; ZIN I277 ��� 1 ♀, 1 ��; same collection data as for preceding; 3 Aug. 1939; ZIN I341. AUSTRIA ��� 1 subad. ♀; Burgenland, Neusiedl am See; 18 Sep. 1960; F. Balat leg.; ex Acrocephalus melanopogon; MMBC No. 1229. TAJIKISTAN ��� 4 ♀♀; Khatlon Region, Qurgonteppa; 29 May 1932; ex Iduna rama; ZIN I250/353 ��� 2 ♀♀; Districts of Republican Subordination, Gissar Range; 23 Apr. 1934; ex Locustella sp.; ZIN A-129. COUNTRY UNKNOWN ��� 1 ♂; 8 May 1909; A. Derzhavin leg.; ex Locustella ochotensis; ZIN. Additional collected material SLOVAKIA ��� 18 ♂♂, 21 ♀♀, 27 ����; Nitra Region, Nove Zamky District, Gbelce; 47��52���N, 18��30���E; 12 Apr.���3 May 2008; I. Literak, M. Capek & O. Sychra leg.; ex Acrocephalus melanopogon; UVPS ��� 12 ♂♂, 6 ♀♀, 18 ����; same collection data and host as for preceding; 18 Apr.���1 May 2009; T. Najer, I. Literak, M. Capek & O. Sychra leg.; UVPS ��� 11 ♂♂, 20 ♀♀, 16 ����; same collection data and host as for preceding; 18���21 Apr. 2016; T. Najer, T. Judak, L. Oslejskova & O. Sychra leg.; UVPS. GREECE ��� 1 ♂, 1 ♀, 1 ��; Pieria, Central Macedonia Region, Nea Agathoupoli; 40��27���N, 22��34���E; 14 Dec. 2013; A. Diakou leg.; same host as for preceding; UVPS. Not determinable material In addition to the examined material of Ph. acrocephalus, we examined the following specimens. They were noticeably different from Ph. acrocephalus but could not be determined because of a lack of available material of other species for comparison. CZECHIA ��� 6 ����; Highlands Region, Jihlava District, Jihlava; 25 Aug. 1958; F. Balat leg.; ex Acrocephalus scirpaceus; MMBC No. 1387. POLAND ��� 3 ����; Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, Braniewo County, Pasleka; 19 Aug. 1963; Busse leg.; ex Acrocephalus palustris; labeled as Docophorulus mirificus; MNHW 8/i/4���6. EGYPT ��� 1 ♀; Bahiq; 7 Oct. 1966; ex Acrocephalus schoenobaenus; labeled as Philopterus necopinatus; USNM. AUSTRIA ��� 1 subad. ♂; Burgenland, Neusiedl am See; 17 Sep. 1960; F. Balat leg.; ex Acrocephalus scirpaceus; MMBC No. 1232. COUNTRY UNKNOWN ��� 1 ♂, 2 ����; 25 May 1931; ex Iduna aedon; ZIN 1463. Description Both sexes Head as in Fig. 4C, slightly longer than wide, with frons slightly concave, preantennal region with slightly concave lateral margin approximately the same length as the postantennal margin. Hyaline margin enlarged, wider than frons. Dorsal anterior preantennal plate (ADP) as in Fig. 4B, with slightly centrally indented anterior margin and straight or slightly concave anterior part of lateral margin. Posterolateral margin of ADP straight or slightly concave, but not sclerotized and therefore almost not apparent, the sclerotization of ADP forming 1 wide, large central and 2 small lateral triangular projections with straight margin, the indentations between the central and lateral projections about the same size as the lateral projections, sharply angled (Fig. 4B). Ventral anterior plate as in Fig. 4C, with lateral and posterior margins continuously merging into 1 rounded postero-lateral margin. Prothorax as in Fig. 4A, E, with 1 long postero-lateral pps on each side and 3 short thorn-like setae on each side of its anterior margin. Prosternum narrow and elongated, mesosternum rhombic. In place of metasternum 2 medium-long setae on each side. Pterothorax with 5���6 long setae (pths) on each side. Pterothorax with lateral margins straight, reaching approximately to the same level as spiracles on segment II. Tergopleurites II���IX all with long most lateral seta, tergocentral setae (tcs) generally very long, mostly overreaching length of 3 abdominal segments, sutural setae (ss) medium-long, about the length of 2 abdominal segments. Leg chaetotaxy as in Fig. 5, measurements as in Table 3. Male Habitus as in Fig. 4A, head as in Fig. 4C. Lateral parts of pterothorax with 4 separate setae (ptls) on each side, 1 medium-long (1 st, counting from the most lateral), 2 short (2 nd��� 3 rd) and 1 long (4 th). Thoracic and abdominal chaetotaxy as in Fig. 4A and Table 2. Sternal setae (sts) on segments II���III short, on segments IV���VI medium long, shorter or approximately the same length as ss. Subgenital plate of rectangular shape, as in Fig. 4A, with rounded anterior margin, with only slight indentations on both lateral sides. Posterior margin of central part of subgenital plate not clear, 2 (median long and lateral medium-long) setae at the level of anterior lateral indentation and 1 medium-long seta at the level of posterior lateral indentation on each side. Genitalia as in Fig. 4D, basal apodeme long and quadrangular, lateral margins concave, anterior margin rounded. Parameres elongated, length about �� of width of basal plate, overreaching the mesosome, kidney-shaped, clearly separated from the basal plate, with 2 sensillae on each side of posterior margin. Mesosome consisting of 2 fingerlike parts, which are parallel to each other, proximally fused with basal plate, with bulbous distal part and bluntly pointed posteromedian end. Female Habitus as in Fig. 4E. Lateral part of pterothorax with 3 separate setae (ptls), 1 st and 3 rd counting from the most lateral medium-long, the 2 nd short. Thoracic and abdominal chaetotaxy as in Fig. 4E and Table 2. Sternal setae (sts) on segment II short, on the other segments medium-long, on segments III���IV shorter, on segments V���VI about the same length as ss, the most median VI sts longer than the others. Subgenital plate (Fig. 4F) with rounded anterior margin, concave posteriolateral margins and rounded central part of posterior margin. Posterio-lateral parts of subgenital plate separated as vestigial sternites VIII (Fig. 4F). Two long lateral setae on each side, 1 in area of original sternite VII, 1 behind the posterior margin of lateral sternite VII. Subvulval sclerites, associated chaetotaxy and vulval margin as in Fig. 4F. Inner genital sclerites missing, the area where the vulval margin is visible in other Philopterus species with a row of 7 short slender setae on each side. Hosts Type host Acrocephalus luscinius (Quoy & Gaimard, 1830). Other hosts Acrocephalus melanopogon (Temminck, 1823), Acrocephalus scirpaceus (Hermann, 1804), Acrocephalus schoenobaenus (Linnaeus, 1758) ��� from these three hosts, some Philopterus species are described, but it is not definitely confirmed that they are synonyms of Ph. acrocephalus. Therefore, we cannot exclude that material examined by us represents new host records. Iduna aedon rufescens Stegmann, 1929 ��� new host record, Iduna rama (Sykes, 1832) ��� new host record, Locustella sp. ��� new host record, Locustella ochotensis (von Middendorff, 1853) ��� new host record. Distribution Type locality USA, Guam Island. Other published locations Czechia (Balat in Hudec 1983); Hungary (Vas et al. 2012a); Greece, Nea Agathoupoli (Diakou et al. 2017). Always mentioned as Philopterus sp. ex A. melanopogon, considered to be Ph. acrocephalus according to host association. Newly reported locations Slovakia, Gbelce; Romania, Letea; Greece, Nea Agathoupoli; Azebaijan without further specification; Russia, Astrakhan State Nature Reserve; Russia, Korsakov; Russia, Tambovka in Amur District; Tajikistan, Gissar Range; Tajikistan, Qurgonteppa; Austria, Neusiedl am See. Remarks Because the holotype is rather old and not all its morphological features are clearly visible, were used specimens of A. melanopogon collected in Slovakia for the drawings. The genitalia of the male used to draw all male figures differ in appearance from the other examined males due to the slide-mounting process. The mesosome of these male genitalia is bent upwards, so the shape is not clearly visible. For this reason, for the figure of the male genitalia, we used the mesosome of another specimen, the genitalia of which are otherwise the same as those of the mainly drawn specimen. Specimens of Ph. acrocephalus from Azerbaijan have a relatively more narrow central posterior projection of the ADP; in other ways, the morphological features are the same as in the other examined material. In general, the relative size of lateral and posterior ADP projections shows the largest variability of all the morphological characteristics. Genetic diversity Two specimens of Ph. acrocephalus from Acrocephalus melanopogon were genetically analysed, in which all three examined genes (mitochondrial COI, nuclear hyp and TMEDE6) amplified. Since both examined specimens were from the same host species, their sequences also showed 100% identity in all three genes and the concatenated sequences as well (Table 4). The three other species for genetic comparison, Ph. gustafssoni sp. nov. (net interspecific p -distances 23.1% for COI, 1.6% for hyp, 0.8% for TMEDE6 and 9.7% for the concatenated sequences), Ph. fringillae (24.5% for COI, 1.8% for hyp, 1.4% for TMEDE6 and 10.5% for the concatenated sequences) and Ph. citrinellae (19.8% for COI, 1.8% for hyp, 1.2% for TMEDE6 and 8.6% for the concatenated sequences) were chosen because their net interspecific p -distances from Ph. acrocephalus were the shortest from all by us sequenced Philopterus samples (Najer, unpublished results). More details about these distances are given in Table 5., Published as part of Najer, Tomas, Papousek, Ivo, Adam, Costica, Trnka, Alfred, Quach, Van Thi, Nguyen, Chinh Ngoc, Figura, Roman, Literak, Ivan & Sychra, Oldrich, 2020, New records of Philopterus (Ischnocera: Philopteridae) from Acrocephalidae and Locustellidae, with description of one new species from Regulidae, pp. 1-37 in European Journal of Taxonomy 632 on pages 8-16, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.632, http://zenodo.org/record/3762358, {"references":["Carriker M. A. 1949. On a collection of Mallophaga from Guam, Marianas Islands. Proceedings of the United States National Museum 100 (3254): 1 - 24. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00963801.100 - 3254.1","Hudec K. 1983. Ptaci - Aves. Vol. 3 (I & II). Fauna CSSR. Academia, Praha.","Vas Z., Privigyei C., Prohaszka V. J., Csorgo T. & Rozsa L. 2012 a. New species and host association records for the Hungarian avian louse fauna (Insecta: Phthiraptera). Ornis Hungarica 20 (1): 44 - 49. https: // doi. org / 10.2478 / orhu- 2013 - 0004","Diakou A., Couto Soares J. B. P., Alivizatos H., Panagiotopoulou M., Kazantzidis S., Literak I. & Sychra O. 2017. Chewing lice from wild birds in northern Greece. Parasitology International 66 (5): 699 - 706. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. parint. 2017.07.003"]}

Myrsidea pyriglenae, new species (Figs 14–17, 27, 43–44) Type host. Pyriglena leucoptera (Vieillot, 1818) —white-shouldered fire-eye. Type locality. San Rafael National Park, Paraguay (26°30'S, 55°47'W). Type material. Ex Pyriglena leucoptera: holotype ♀, San Rafael National Park, Paraguay (26°30'S, 55°47'W), 21 August 2012, I. Literak (MMBC). Paratypes: 6♀, 7♂ with the same data as holotype (MMBC). Diagnosis. Myrsidea pyriglenae belongs to the mcleannani species group (sensu Price et al. 2008b), based on the shape of the male genital sac sclerite and the deeply serrated female vulvar margin. According to setal counts and measurements, it is morphologically similar to M. milleri Price, Johnson & Dalgleish, 2008 ex Gymnopithys rufigula (Boddaert, 1783) from Venezuela. However, females of M. pyriglenae n. sp. are distinguished from those of M. milleri by having (1) modified tergites, especially enlarged tergite II (Fig. 27), and (2) larger number of setae on tergite VII (14–16 vs 6–10), tergite VIII (8–9 vs 4), and on anal fringe (83–88 vs 64–74). Males of M. pyriglenae differ from those of M. milleri by having a larger number of setae on tergites VII (11–15 vs 7–9) and VIII (7–8 vs 4). In addition, the host species of these two species of Myrsidea (Pyriglena leucoptera and Gymnopithys rufigula) have different geographical distributions (Clements et al. 2017) and are not phylogenetically closely related (Isler et al. 2013). Considering genetic data, M. pyriglenae is closest to M. patersoni Price & Johnson, 2009 (see Remarks below), but these two species clearly differ in such significant characters as (1) female tergites having completely different shapes (compare Fig. 27 with fig. 3 in Price & Johnson 2009), and (2) completely different genital sac sclerite in males (compare Figs 14–17 with fig. 4 in Price & Johnson 2009). Description. Female (n = 4). As in Figs 27 and 43. Head with lateral sides of preantennal region conspicuously concave. Hypopharyngeal sclerites fully developed. Length of dhs 10, 0.050–0.064; dhs 11, 0.100– 0.113; ratio dhs 10/11, 0.44–0.63; ls5 0.04–0.05 long, latero-ventral fringe with 9–10 setae. Gula with 4–5 setae on each side. Pronotum with 6 setae on posterior margin and 3 short spiniform setae at each lateral corner. First tibia with 3 outer ventro-lateral and 4 dorso-lateral setae. Metanotum not enlarged, with 4–7 marginal setae; metasternal plate with 6–7 setae; metapleurites with 3–4 short strong spiniform setae. Femur III with 14–16 setae in ventral setal brush. Tergites modified as on Fig. 27, with enlarged tergite II and widely convex posterior margin of tergites II and III. Abdominal segments with well-defined median gap in each row of tergal setae. Tergal setae: I, 5–8; II, 6– 8; III, 11–12; IV–V, 15–18; VI, 15–17; VII, 14–16; VIII, 8–9. Postspiracular setae very long on II, IV, VII and VIII (0.35–0.45); long on I (0.23); and short on III, V and VI (0.11–0.16). Inner posterior seta of last tergum not longer than anal fringe setae with length 0.07–0.09 inserted 0.060–0.075 from base of each very long seta; length of short lateral marginal seta of last segment, 0.03–0.04. Pleural setae: I, 6–8; II, 7–10; III, 7–9; IV, 8; V, 6–7; VI, 6; VII, 4– 5; VIII, 3. Pleurites V–VII with 1–2 somewhat slender and longer setae. Pleurite VIII with inner setae (0.06–0.08) as long as outer (0.05–0.06). Anterior margin of sternal plate II with a medial notch. Sternal setae: I, 0; II, 4–6 in each aster: s1, 0.08–0.10; s2, 0.08–0.09; s3, 0.07–0.08; s4, 0.05–0.06; s5, 0.04; with 14–16 marginal setae between asters, 4–7 medioanterior; III, 27–30; IV, 3 3–36; V, 32–39; VI, 28–36; VII, 23–25; VIII–IX, 15–18; and 9–13 setae on deeply serrated vulvar margin; sternites without medioanterior setae. Anal fringe formed by 38–43 dorsal and 42–46 ventral setae. Dimensions: TW, 0.46–0.48; POW, 0.35; HL, 0.28–0.34; PW, 0.29–0.30; MW, 0.44–0.48; AWIV, 0.61–0.66; ANW, 0.21–0.26; TL, 1.55–1.63. Male (n = 4). As in Fig. 44. Similar to female except as follows: length of dhs 10, 0.040–0.058; dhs 11, 0.089– 0.100; ratio dhs 10/11, 0.45–0.64; ls5 0.04 long, latero-ventral fringe with 9–10 setae. Gula with 5 (one specimen with 4 on one side) setae on each side. First tibia with 3 outer ventro-lateral and 4–5 dorso-lateral setae. Metanotum not enlarged with 4 marginal setae; metasternal plate with 5–6 setae; metapleurites with 3 short spiniform strong setae. Femur III with 11–13 setae in ventral setal brush. Abdominal segments with well-defined median gap in each row of tergal setae. Tergal setae: I, 6–8; II, 6–11; III, 14–15; IV, 13–16; V, 15–17; VI, 14–18; VII, 11–15; VIII, 7–8. Postspiracular setae same with the same pattern as in female but shorter. Length of inner posterior seta of last tergum, 0.04–0.06; short lateral marginal seta of last segment, 0.02. Pleural setae: I, 5–6; II, 6–7; III, 7–8; IV, 6–7; V, 5–7; VI, 5–6; VII, 4; VIII, 3. Pleurites IV–VII with 0–3 slender and longer setae. Pleurite VIII with inner setae (0.04–0.05) as long as outer (0.04–0.05). Anterior margin of sternal plate II with a medial notch. Sternal setae: I, 0; II, 4–5 in each aster: s1, 0.08–0.09; s2, 0.07–0.08; s3, 0.06; s4, 0.05–0.06; s5, 0.03; with 12–15 marginal setae between asters, 4–7 medioanterior; III, 1 9–27; IV, 25–29; V, 26–32; VI, 25–27; VII, 19–22; VIII, 7–11; remainder of plate, 8–11; and with 3–4 setae posteriorly; with 8–9 internal anal setae. Genital sac sclerite as in Figs 14–17. Dimensions: TW, 0.41–0.43; POW, 0.31–0.32; HL, 0.27–0.30; PW, 0.26–0.28; MW, 0.35–0.38; AWIV, 0.46–0.47; GW, 0.10–0.11; GSL, 0.08–0.09; TL, 1.25–1.33. Etymology. The species epithet is a noun in apposition derived from the generic name of the type host. Remarks. This is the first record of Myrsidea from Pyriglena leucoptera. A portion of COI gene was sequenced from specimens of M. pyriglenae from Paraguay (GenBank MF563533). Comparing our sequence with other known sequences of Neotropical Myrsidea, the divergences exceeded 18% in all cases, the closest being that of M. patersoni Price & Johnson, 2009 (ex Eucometis penicillata (Spix, 1825), family Thraupidae, GenBank GQ454448), with a p-distance of 18.2%. Unfortunately, there are no genetic sequences known from M. milleri, the species morphologically closest to M. pyriglenae. However, considering the combination of morphological differences with M. patersoni and M. milleri, and the large sequence divergence with M. patersoni, we are confident that M. pyriglenae is a new, separate species.

Myrsidea dalgleishi Valim, Price & Johnson, 2011 Myrsidea sp. 2; Sychra et al. 2007: 123, fig. 13. Myrsidea dalgleishi Valim, Price & Johnson, 2011: 10, figs 28–29, 33–35. Type host. Glyphorynchus spirurus (Vieillot, 1819) —wedge-billed woodcreeper. Type locality. San José, Tinamaste, 12 km SW San Isidro de El General, Costa Rica. Material examined. Ex Glyphorynchus spirurus: 1♀, Barbilla National Park, Provincia Limón, Costa Rica (09°59'N, 85°27'W), 3 September 2004, I. Literak, M. Capek & M. Havlicek (INBIO—O. Sychra CR 10). Remarks. Here we confirm that a female described as “ Myrsidea sp. 2” by Sychra et al. (2007) is conspecific with M. dalgleishi originally described from G. spirurus from a different location in Costa Rica. Our specimen differ from the original description of M. dalgleishi by setal counts and dimensions, as follows [data from Valim et al. (2011) are in parentheses]: Female (n = 1). Length of dhs 10, 0.065 (0.03); dhs 11, 0.102 (0.09); ratio dhs 10/11, 0.64 (0.33). Gula with 5– 6 (4–5) setae on each side. Tergal setae: II, 12 (8–10); IV, 12 (9–11); VI, 7 (10–11); VII, 4 (7–8); VIII, 4 (5–6). Sternal setae: IV, 26 (22–24); VI, 23 (19–21). Dimensions: TW, 0.42 (0.41); PW, 0.26 (0.24–0.25); AWIV, 0.53 (0.50–0.51)., Published as part of Kolencik, Stanislav, Sychra, Oldrich, Papousek, Ivo, Kuabara, Kamila M. D., Valim, Michel P. & Literak, Ivan, 2018, New species and additional data on the chewing louse genus Myrsidea (Phthiraptera: Menoponidae) from wild Neotropical Passeriformes (Aves), pp. 401-431 in Zootaxa 4418 (5) on page 407, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4418.5.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1244956, {"references":["Valim, M. P., Price, R. D. & Johnson, K. P. (2011) New host records and descriptions of five new species of Myrsidea Waterston chewing lice (Phthiraptera: Menoponidae) from passerines (Aves: Passeriformes). Zootaxa, 3097, 1 - 19.","Sychra, O., Literak, I., Capek, M. & Havlicek, M. (2007) Chewing lice (Phthiraptera) from ovenbirds, leaftossers and woodcreepers (Passeriformes: Furnariidae: Furnariinae, Sclerurinae, Dendrocolaptinae) from Costa Rica, with descriptions of four new species of the genera Rallicola and Myrsidea. Caribbean Journal of Science, 43 (1), 117 - 126. https: // doi. org / 10.18475 / cjos. v 43 i 1. a 11"]}

Myrsidea leptopogoni, new species (Figs 29, 38–39, 47–48) Type host. Leptopogon superciliaris Tschudi, 1844 —slaty-capped flycatcher. Type locality. San Rafael National Park, Paraguay (26°30'S, 55°47'W). Type material. Ex Leptopogon superciliaris: holotype ♀, Tapantí National Park, Sector Tapantí, Costa Rica (09°46'N, 83°47'W), 8 August 2009, O. Sychra & I. Literak (MMBC). Paratypes: 2♂ with the same data as holotype (MMBC). Diagnosis. Myrsidea leptopogoni n. sp. is morphologically close to M. rekasii Dalgleish & Price, 2003 —from species of Pipridae—in setal counts and the shape of tergites, but both sexes of M. leptopogoni have larger dimensions. Furthermore, the female of M. leptopogoni can also be distinguished by the absence of a median gap among setae on tergite I (Fig. 29), and the male by the number of setae on tergites I–III (total 35–36 vs 19–28 in M. rekasii). Among the species of Myrsidea from members of the Tyrannidae, the closest morphological species to M. leptopogoni is M. oleaginei, but females can be easily distinguished by the shape of tergites I–II, being U-shaped in M. leptopogoni (Fig. 29), but V-shaped in M. oleaginei. Description. Female (n = 1). As in Figs 29 and 47. Hypopharyngeal sclerites fully developed. Length of dhs 10, 0.035; dhs 11, 0.098; ratio dhs 10/11, 0.36; ls5 0.04 long, latero-ventral fringe with 10 setae. Gula with 4–5 setae on each side. Pronotum with 6 setae on posterior margin and 3 short spiniform setae at each lateral corner. First tibia with 3 outer ventro-lateral and 3 dorso-lateral setae. Metanotum not enlarged, with 10 marginal setae; metasternal plate with 6 setae; metapleurites with 4 short strong spiniform setae. Femur III with 14–15 setae in ventral setal brush. Tergites modified as on Fig. 29. Tergite I enlarged, compressing II–IV at midline. Abdominal segments with constant row of tergal setae on tergite I and with well-defined median gap on tergites II–VIII. Tergal setae: I, 14; II, 17; III, 13; IV, 10; V, 11; VI, 10; VII, 7; VIII, 4. Postspiracular setae very long on II, IV and VIII (0.44–0.48); long on I and VII (0.29–0.33); and short on III, V and VI (0.13–0.16). Inner posterior seta of last tergum not longer than anal fringe setae with length 0.07; length of short lateral marginal seta of last segment, 0.03–0.05. Pleural setae: I, 6; II, 9; III, 8; IV, 7–8; V, 7; VI, 6; VII, 5; VIII, 3. Pleurites with only short spine-like setae. Pleurite VIII with inner setae (0.07) longer as outer (0.05). Anterior margin of sternal plate II with a medial notch. Sternal setae: I, 0; II, 4 in each aster: s1, 0.10; s2, 0.06; s3, 0.05; s4, 0.04; with 17 marginal setae between asters, 5 medioanterior; III, 22; IV, 30; V, 32; VI, 29; VII, 15; VIII–IX, 9; and 12 setae on deeply serrated vulvar margin. Anal fringe formed by 32 dorsal and 32 ventral setae. Dimensions: TW, 0.45; POW, 0.35; HL, 0.27; PW, 0.27; MW, 0.42; AWIV, 0.55; ANW, 0.22; TL, 1.45. Male (n = 2). As in Fig. 48. Similar to female except as follows: length of dhs 10, 0.022–0.035; dhs 11, 0.091– 0.095; ratio dhs 10/11, 0.24–0.37; ls5 0.02–0.04 long, latero-ventral fringe with 9 setae. Gula with 4 setae on each side. Pronotum with 6 setae on posterior margin and 3 short spiniform setae at each lateral corner. First tibia with 3 outer ventro-lateral and 3–4 dorso-lateral setae. Metanotum not enlarged with 7–8 marginal setae; metasternal plate with 6 setae; metapleurites with 3 short spiniform strong setae. Femur III with 12 setae in ventral setal brush. Abdominal segments with well-defined median gap in each row of tergal setae. Tergal setae: I, 10; II, 13; III, 12– 13; IV, 11–13; V, 9–11; VI, 10; VII, 6–9; VIII, 4–6. Length of inner posterior seta of last tergum, 0.05–0.06; short lateral marginal seta of last segment, 0.02. Pleural setae: I, 5; II, 5–6; III, 6–7; IV, 6; V, 6; VI, 6; VII, 4–5; VIII, 3. Pleurites with only short spine-like setae. Pleurite VIII with inner setae (0.05) as long as outer (0.03). Anterior margin of sternal plate II with a medial notch. Sternal setae: I, 0; II, 4 in each aster: s1, 0.08–0.10; s2, 0.05–0,08; s3, 0.04–0.06; s4, 0.03–0.05; with 14 marginal setae between asters, 4–6 medioanterior; III, 1 9–20; IV, 23–25; V, 27–29; VI, 23–24; VII, 15–16; VIII, 5–6; remainder of plate, 7; and with 3 setae posteriorly. With 8 internal anal setae. Genital sac sclerite as in Figs 38–39. Dimensions: TW, 0.40; POW, 0.31–0.32; HL, 0.25; PW, 0.25; MW, 0.34; AWIV, 0.44; GW, 0.11; GSL, 0.10; TL, 1.16–1.23. Etymology. This species epithet is a noun in apposition derived from the generic name of the type host. Remarks. This is the first record of chewing lice from Leptopogon superciliaris. A portion of COI gene was sequenced from specimens of M. leptopogoni from Costa Rica (GenBank MF563538). Comparing our sequence with other known sequences of Neotropical Myrsidea, the divergences exceeded 18% in all cases, including that with the morphologically close species M. oleaginei (ex Mionectes oleagineus, family Tyrannidae, GenBank KF048108), with a p-distance of 25.6%. The closest p-distance was with that of M. cnemotriccola (ex Cnemotriccus fuscatus, family Tyrannidae, GenBank KF048124), with a value of 18.1%. Unfortunately, there are no genetic sequences known from M. rekasii, the species morphologically closest to M. leptopogoni. However, considering the combination of morphological differences between M. oleaginei and M. rekasii, and the large sequence divergence with M. oleaginei, we are confident that M. leptopogoni is a new, separate species., Published as part of Kolencik, Stanislav, Sychra, Oldrich, Papousek, Ivo, Kuabara, Kamila M. D., Valim, Michel P. & Literak, Ivan, 2018, New species and additional data on the chewing louse genus Myrsidea (Phthiraptera: Menoponidae) from wild Neotropical Passeriformes (Aves), pp. 401-431 in Zootaxa 4418 (5) on page 427, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4418.5.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1244956, {"references":["Dalgleish, R. C. & Price, R. D. (2003) Four new species of Myrsidea (Phthiraptera: Menoponidae) from manakins (Passeriformes: Pipridae). New York Entomological Society, 111 (4), 167 - 173. https: // doi. org / 10.1664 / 0028 - 7199 (2003) 111 [0167: FNSOMP] 2.0. CO; 2"]}

Myrsidea scleruri, new species (Figs 4, 11, 22–23) Myrsidea sp. 1; Kuabara & Valim, 2017: 150. Type host. Sclerurus scansor (Menetries, 1835) —rufous-breasted leaftosser. Type locality. Ilha Grande, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (23°09'S, 44°14'W). Type material. Ex Sclerurus scansor: holotype ♀ (MZUSP#6745), Ilha Grande, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 21 September 1944, H. Sick. Paratypes: 2♂, 1♀, (MZUSP#6743–44, 6746) with the same data as holotype (MZUSP). Other material, non-type. 1♂ San Rafael National Park, Paraguay (26°30'S, 55°47'W), 19 August 2012, I. Literak (MMBC). Diagnosis. Myrsidea scleruri n. sp. has the same type of male genital sac sclerite as other species of Myrsidea from the Furnariidae. However, it can be easily distinguished from all Neotropical Myrsidea by a unique combination of characters: (1) pronotum with 8 setae on posterior margin, (2) pleurites III–VII with 2–4 slender and quite long setae, (3) the shape of the male genital sac sclerite (Fig. 11), and (4) shape of female tergites (Fig. 4). Myrsidea calvi Sychra et al., 2007 —described from Sclerurus guatemalensis (Hartlaub, 1844) in Costa Ricais morphologically close to M. scleruri but both species can be easily separated by: (1) number of setae on the posterior margin of pronotum (6 setae vs 8 setae in M. scleruri), (2) shape of tergites I and II, and (3) female total length (1.52–1.60 vs 1.86–1.92). There are five species of Neotropical Myrsidea with 8 setae on the posterior margin of pronotum, as follows: M. aitkeni Clay, 1966, M. antiqua Ansari, 1956, M. carrikeri (Eichler, 1943), M. elegans Ansari, 1956 and M. obsoleti Kounek & Sychra [in Kounek et al.], 2013. All these species were described from members of the Turdidae and are placed in the carrikeri species group (sensu Clay 1966). Myrsidea scleruri is easily distinguished from all these species by a completely different male genital sac sclerite and different modification of tergites in the female. Description. Female (n = 2). As in Figs 4 and 22. Hypopharyngeal sclerites fully developed. Length of dhs 10, 0.090; dhs 11, 0.116; ratio dhs 10/11, 0.78; ls5 broken, latero-ventral fringe with 10 setae. Gula with 4 setae on each side. Pronotum with 8 setae on posterior margin and 3 medium length spiniform setae at each lateral corner. First tibia with 3 outer ventro-lateral and 4 dorso-lateral setae. Metanotum enlarged, with 4 marginal setae; metasternal plate with 7–9 setae; metapleurites with 3–4 short strong spiniform setae. Femur III with 18–22 setae in ventral setal brush. Tergite I narrow with medium posterior enlargement; tergite II three times larger than I, with anterior margin medially concave due to enlargement of tergite I. Tergites III-IV slightly concave posteriorly as result of enlargement of first tergites. Abdominal segments II–VIII with well-defined median gap in each row of tergal setae (Fig. 4). Tergal setae: I, 17–20; II, 22–24; III, 22–23; IV, 2 2–26; V, 26; VI, 18–20; VII, 12; VIII, 2–4. Postspiracular setae very long on II, IV, VII and VIII (0.41–0.52); and shorter on I, III, V and VI (0.19–0.30). Inner posterior seta of last tergum with length 0.01; length of short lateral marginal seta of last segment, 0.03–0.04. Pleural setae: I, 8–9; II, 8–12; III, 8–10; IV, 6–11; V, 6–8; VI, 6–7; VII, 5–6; VIII, 3–4. Pleurites III–VII with 2–4 slender and longer setae. Pleurite VIII with length of inner setae 0.04–0.06 and outer 0.06–0.07. Anterior margin of sternal plate II with a small medial notch. Sternal setae: I, 0 (female paratype with 1 seta); II, 5 in each aster: s1, 0.11–0.13; s2, 0.08–0.11; s3, 0.05–0.07; s4, 0.03–0.04; s5, 0.02–0.03; with 14–16 marginal setae between asters, 4–5 medioanterior setae; III, 40–46; IV, 44–48; V, 47–54; VI, 45–46; VII, 20–25; VIII–IX, 16–17; and 15–17 setae on scantly serrated vulvar margin, without medioanterior setae on sternites III–VII. Anal fringe formed by 42–45 dorsal and 41–42 ventral setae. Dimensions: TW, 0.50; POW, 0.35; HL, 0.35–0.41; PW, 0.35; MW, 0.55–0.60; AWIV, 0.76–0.88; ANW, 0.27–0.28; TL, 1.86–1.92. Male (n = 3). As in Fig. 23. Similar to female except as follows: length of dhs 10, 0.070–0.098; dhs 11, 0.110– 0.112; ratio dhs 10/11, 0.64–0.89. Latero-ventral fringe with 10 setae (one specimen with 11 on one side). Gula with 4–5 setae on each side. Pronotum with 8 setae on posterior margin and 3 short spiniform setae at each lateral corner. First tibia with 3 outer ventro-lateral and 4–5 dorso-lateral setae. Metanotum with posterior margin roughly straight with 4 marginal setae; metasternal plate with 7–10 setae; metapleurites with 3–5 short spiniform strong setae. Femur III with 15–21 setae in ventral setal brush. Abdominal tergites with continuous row of setae on tergites I–V and with short median gap in the row of setae only on tergites VI–VIII. Tergal setae: I, 12–14; II, 18– 21; III, 16–25; IV, 16–23; V, 18–21; VI, 15–22; VII, 12–19; VIII, 7–8. Postspiracular setae same with the same pattern as in female but shorter. Length of inner posterior seta of last tergum, 0.01–0.02; short lateral marginal seta of last segment, 0.01–0.02. Pleural setae: I, 5–7; II, 7–12; III, 7–13; IV, 6–12; V, 6–11; VI, 6–10; VII, 5–9; VIII, 3– 5. Pleurites III–VII with 2–4 slender and longer setae: Pleurite VIII with inner setae (0.02) smaller as the outer one (0.03–0.05). Anterior margin of sternal plate II with a medial notch. Sternal setae: I, 0; II, 4–5 in each aster: s1, 0.08–0.10; s2, 0.07–0.10; s3, 0.05–0.07; s4, 0.03–0.04; s5, 0.02–0.03; with 15–17 marginal setae between asters, 7–14 medioanterior; III, 34–37; IV, 45–49; V, 48–52; VI, 47–51; VII, 28–31; VIII, 9–11; remainder of plate, 14–17; sternites VI–VIII with 0–2 medioanterior setae. Genital sac sclerite as in Fig. 11. Dimensions: TW, 0.43–0.49; POW, 0.31–0.33; HL and PW, 0.31–0.33; MW, 0.41–0.46; AWIV, 0.55–0.58; GW, 0.12–0.14; GSL, 0.10; TL, 1.45–1.54. Etymology. The species epithet is a noun in apposition derived from the generic name of the type host.

Myrsidea zuzanae, new species (Figs 5, 12–13, 24–25) Type host. Furnarius rufus (J.F. Gmelin, 1788) —rufous hornero. Type locality. Los Tres Gigantes Biological Station in the Paraguayan Pantanal, Paraguay (20°04'S, 50°09'W). Type material. Ex Furnarius rufus: holotype ♀, Los Tres Gigantes Biological Station in the Paraguayan Pantanal, Paraguay (20°04'S, 50°09'W), 6–7 August 2012, I. Literak (MMBC). Paratypes: 1♀, 2♂ with the same data as holotype (MMBC). Diagnosis. Myrsidea zuzanae n. sp. shares the same type of male genital sac sclerite as other Myrsidea from the Furnariidae, but it can be easily distinguished from them by its unique modification of female tergites, especially II being the only tergite with a prominent medioposterior convexity (Fig. 5). However, among species of Neotropical Myrsidea from other bird families, M. zuzanae has a similar modification of female tergites as that of M. rufi Price & Dalgleish, 2006 and M. phoenicii Price & Dalgleish, 2006 from the Thraupidae. However, males of these two species have a completely different type of genital sac sclerite. In addition, females of M. zuzanae differ from those of M. rufi by (1) fewer setae on tergite VIII (4–5 in M. zuzanae vs 6–8 in M. rufi), and (2) more setae on sternites III–V (total 11 7–124 in M. zuzanae vs 85–97 in M. rufi). Also, it differs from females of M. phoenicii by (1) more setae on tergite I (14–19 in M. zuzanae vs 10–12 in M. phoenicii), (2) more setae on sternites III–V (total 117–124 in M. zuzanae vs 72–95 in M. phoenicii), and (3) fewer setae on tergite VIII (4–5 in M. zuzanae vs 6–8 in M. phoenicii). Description. Female (n = 2). As in Figs 5 and 24. Hypopharyngeal sclerites fully developed. Length of dhs 10, 0.060–0.065; dhs 11, 0.102–0.105; ratio dhs 10/11, 0.36–0.57; ls5 0.06 long, latero-ventral fringe with 10–11 setae. Gula with 4 setae on each side. Pronotum with 6 setae on posterior margin and 3 short spiniform setae at each lateral corner. First tibia with 3 outer ventro-lateral and 4 dorso-lateral setae. Metanotum not enlarged, with 11–12 marginal setae; metasternal plate with 6 setae; metapleurites with 3–4 short strong spiniform setae. Femur III with 19–21 setae in ventral setal brush. Tergites modified as follows: tergite II with prominent medioposterior convexity and tergite III with widely rounded posterior margin (Fig. 5). Abdominal segments with well-defined median gap in row of tergal setae II–VIII. Tergal setae: I, 14–19; II, 12–13; III, 10; IV, 10; V, 12–13; VI, 12; VII, 12; VIII, 4–5. Postspiracular setae very long on I, II, IV, VII and VIII (0.31–0.46); and short on III, V–VI (0.16–0.27). Inner posterior seta of last tergum not longer than anal fringe setae with length 0.03; length of short lateral marginal seta of last segment, 0.04. Pleural setae: I, 6–7; II, 7–9; III, 8–9; IV, 6–9; V, 6–7; VI, 5–6; VII, 4–5; VIII, 3. Pleurites with only short spine-like setae. Pleurite VIII with inner setae (0.04) as long as outer (0.04–0.05). Anterior margin of sternal plate II with a medial notch. Sternal setae: I, 0; II, 4 in each aster: s1, 0.09–0.10; s2, 0.05–0.06; s3, 0.05; s4, 0.03; with 13–14 marginal setae between asters, 2–5 medioanterior; III, 30–33; IV, 43–47; V, 44; VI, 27–29; VII, 15; VIII–IX, 9; and 11–13 setae on deeply serrated vulvar margin; without medioanterior setae on sternites. Anal fringe formed by 40 dorsal and 36 ventral setae. Dimensions: TW, 0.45–0.46; POW, 0.35–0.36; HL, 0.30– 0.32; PW, 0.29; MW, 0.45–0.46; AWIV, 0.63–0.65; ANW, 0.23; TL, 1.52–1.58. Male (n = 2). As in Fig. 25. As for female, except as follows: length of dhs 10, 0.060; dhs 11, 0.95–0.98; ratio dhs 10/11, 0.61–0.63; ls5 0.04–0.06 long, latero-ventral fringe with 10–11 setae. Gula with 2–4 setae on each side. Metanotum not enlarged with 8–9 marginal setae; metasternal plate with 6 setae; metapleurites with 3–4 short spiniform strong setae. Femur III with 14–17 setae in ventral setal brush. Abdominal segments with well-defined median gap in each row of tergal setae. Tergal setae: I, 6–7; II, 8–11; III, 7–8; IV–V, 8; VI–VII, 7–8; VIII, 4. Postspiracular setae very long on II, IV, VII and VIII (0.42–0.45); long on I (0.29); and short on III, V and VI (0.13–0.23). Length of inner posterior seta of last tergum, 0.045–0.070; short lateral marginal seta of last segment, 0.020–0.025. Pleural setae: I, 4–5; II, 6–7; III, 5–6; IV, 5–6; V, 5–6; VI, 4; VII, 2–4; VIII, 3. Pleurite VIII with inner setae (0.03–0.04) as long as outer (0.03–0.04). Anterior margin of sternal plate II with a medial notch. Sternal setae: I, 0; II, 4 in each aster: s1, 0.07–0.11; s2, 0.05–0.06; s3, 0.04–0.05; s4, 0.03–0.04; with 12–14 marginal setae between asters, 4 medioanterior; III, 20–21; IV, 28–33; V, 33; VI, 26; VII, 15; VIII, 5–7; remainder of plate, 7–8; and with 3 setae posteriorly; without medioanterior setae on sternites. With 8 internal anal setae. Genital sac sclerite as in Figs 12–13. Dimensions: TW, 0.42; POW, 0.32–0.33; HL, 0.28–0.29; PW, 0.26–0.27; MW, 0.37–0.38; AWIV, 0.48–0.53; GW, 0.10–0.11; GSL, 0.08; TL, 1.28–1.36. Etymology. This species is named in honour of Zuzana Kokeš, the sister of the first author, in recognition of her great support during his life. Remarks. This is the first record of Myrsidea from Furnarius rufus. A portion of COI gene was sequenced from specimens of M. zuzanae from Paraguay (GenBank MF563531). Comparing our sequence with other known sequences of Neotropical Myrsidea, the divergences exceeded 19% in all cases. However, comparing our sequence of M. zuzanae with all known Myrsidea, the closest was that of M. marksi Johnson & Price, 2006 (ex Phyllastrephus albigularis (Sharpe, 1882), family Pycnonotidae, from the Democratic Republic of the Congo, GenBank KU187279 – KU187280), with a p-distance of 17.9%. These sequence divergences are large enough to confirm M. zuzanae as a new, separate species.

Myrsidea flaviventris Price, Hellenthal & Dalgleish, 2005 Myrsidea flaviventris Price, Hellenthal & Dalgleish, 2005: 8. Type host. Tolmomyias flaviventris (Wied, 1831) —yellow-breasted flycatcher. Type locality. Melajo Forest, Sangre Grande, Trinidad & Tobago. Material examined. Ex Tolmomyias sulphurescens (Spix, 1825) —yellow-olive flycatcher: 1♀, Atlántida, Tela, Lancetilla Botanical Garden, Honduras (15°44'N, 87°27'W), 10 August 2014, I. Literak (MMBC). Remarks. This is the first record of Myrsidea from Tolmomyias sulphurescens. Until now, Myrsidea flaviventris was known from Trinidad & Tobago and Perú (Price et al. 2005), and this is the first record from Honduras. Our specimen differs from the original description of M. flaviventris by setal counts and dimensions, as follows [data from Price et al. (2005) are in parentheses]: Female (n = 1). Tergal setae: II, 15 (9–11); V, 12 (10–11). Sternal setae: II, in total 17 (24–25) medioanterior and marginal setae; III, 27 (23–25); IV, 36 (31–35); VI, 34 (35–37). Anal fringe with 32 (35–42) dorsal setae. Dimensions: TW, 0.47 (0.46); MW, 0.44 (0.41–0.42); ANW, 0.22 (0.20–0.21).

Myrsidea capeki, new species (Figs 26, 30–34, 41–42) Type host. Chiroxiphia caudata (Shaw, 1793) —swallow-tailed manakin. Type locality. San Rafael National Park, Paraguay (26°30'S, 55°47'W). Type material. Ex Chiroxiphia caudata: holotype ♀, San Rafael National Park, Paraguay (26°30'S, 55°47'W), 18–23 August 2012, I. Literak (MMBC). Paratypes: 6♀, 7♂ with the same data as holotype (MMBC). Diagnosis. Myrsidea capeki n. sp. can be easily distinguished from other Myrsidea from the Pipridae and from other Neotropical species by the shape of female tergites (Fig. 26): (1) tergite I slightly enlarged with widely rounded posterior margin, (2) tergites II–III with convex posterior margin, (3) tergite I with continuous row of long setae reaching beyond the posterior margin of tergite III, and (4) tergites II–VIII with well-defined median gap in each row of tergal setae. Males of M. capeki have a variable and widespread type of male genital sac sclerite (Figs 30–34), also found in other Myrsidea from members of the Pipridae, and in other Neotropical Myrsidea from the Cardinalidae, Emberizidae and Thraupidae. Comparing genetic sequences between M. capeki and other known sequences of Neotropical Myrsidea (see Remarks below), the closest species was M. pagei Price & Johnson, 2009 from the Thraupidae. However, males of M. capeki differ from those of M. pagei by (1) the number of setae on tergite I (12– 18 in M capeki vs 7–10 in M. pagei), and (2) a shorter total length (1.17–1.25 in M. capeki vs 1.26–1.30 in M. pagei). Description. Female (n = 7). As in Figs 26 and 41. Hypopharyngeal sclerites fully developed. Length of dhs 10, 0.040–0.045; dhs 11, 0.088–0.105; ratio dhs 10/11, 0.36–0.51; ls5 0.05–0.06 long, latero-ventral fringe with 9– 10 setae. Gula with 4–5 setae on each side. Pronotum with 6 setae on posterior margin and 3 short spiniform setae at each lateral corner. First tibia with 3 outer ventro-lateral and 3–4 dorso-lateral setae. Metanotum not enlarged, with 6–8 marginal setae metasternal plate with 5–8 setae; metapleurites with 2–4 short strong spiniform setae. Femur III with 12–16 setae in ventral setal brush. Tergite I slightly enlarged with widely rounded posterior margin and continuous row of long setae reaching beyond the posterior margin of tergite III. Tergites II–III with convex posterior margin. Tergites II–VIII with well-defined median gap in each row of tergal setae (Fig. 26). Tergal setae: I, 19–22; II, 13–15; III, 12–17; IV, 13–16; V, 1 2–16; VI, 11–17; VII, 9–13; VIII, 8–11; Postspiracular setae very long on II, IV and VIII (0.39–0.45); long on I and VII (0.25–0.30); and short on III, V and VI (0.14–0.21). Inner posterior seta of last tergum longer than anal fringe setae with length 0.07–0.14; length of short lateral marginal seta of last segment, 0.03–0.06. Pleural setae: I–II, 6–8; III, 7–9; IV, 6–8; V, 5–7; VI, 5–6; VII, 4–6; VIII, 3–4. Pleurites V–VII with 0–3 slender and longer setae. Pleurite VIII with inner setae (0.05–0.13) as long as outer (0.05–0.09). Anterior margin of sternal plate II with a medial notch. Sternites V–VI narrow and arched. Sternal setae: I, 0; II, 5–6 (in one specimen one aster with 4) in each aster: s1, 0.06–0.08; s2, 0.06–0.07; s3, 0.05–0.08; s4, 0.03–0.06; s5, 0.03–0.05; s6, 0.03; with 12–16 marginal setae between asters, 4–6 medioanterior; III, 21–24; IV, 25–29; V, 28–34; VI, 28–31; VII, 15–20; VIII–IX, 10–12; and 8–12 setae on slightly serrated vulvar margin. Anal fringe formed by 29–39 dorsal and 29–32 ventral setae. Dimensions: TW, 0.44–0.46; POW, 0.34–0.37; HL, 0.28– 0.30; PW, 0.27–0.29; MW, 0.42–0.44; AWIV, 0.55–0.60; ANW, 0.20–0.22; TL, 1.33–1.40. Male (n = 7). As in Fig. 42. Similar to female except as follows: length of dhs 10, 0.037–0.045; dhs 11, 0.078– 0.100; ratio dhs 10/11, 0.37–0.52; ls5 0.04–0.06 long, latero-ventral fringe with 9–10 setae. Gula with 4–6 setae on each side. First tibia with 3 outer ventro-lateral and 3–5 dorso-lateral setae. Metanotum not enlarged with 4–8 marginal setae; metasternal plate with 6–8 setae; metapleurites with 2–3 short spiniform strong setae. Femur III with 10–13 setae in ventral setal brush. Abdominal segments with well-defined median gap in each row of tergal setae. Tergal setae: I, 12–18; II, 10–13; III, 12–14; IV, 11–14; V, 11–13; VI, 10–13; VII, 9–12; VIII, 6–10; Postspiracular setae same with the same pattern as in female but shorter. Length of inner posterior seta of last tergum, 0.06–0.11; short lateral marginal seta of last segment, 0.02. Pleural setae: I–III, 5–7; IV, 6–7; V, 5–6; VI, 4– 6; VII, 4–5; VIII, 3. Pleurites IV–VII with 1–3 slender and longer setae. Pleurite VIII with inner setae (0.08–0.10) almost three times as long as outer (0.03–0.04). Anterior margin of sternal plate II without a medial notch. Sternal setae: I, 0; II, 4–5 in each aster: s1, 0.06–0.08; s2, 0.05–0.07; s3–s4, 0.05–0.06; s5, 0.03–0.04; with 13–16 marginal setae between asters, 4–6 medioanterior; III, 18–23; IV, 21–24; V, 23–30; VI, 23–28; VII, 14–19; VIII, 4–8; remainder of plate, 5–8; and with 3 setae posteriorly; with 8 internal anal setae. Genital sac sclerite as in Figs 30– 34. Dimensions: TW, 0.41–0.44; POW, 0.32–0.33; HL, 0.27–0.29; PW, 0.25–0.27; MW, 0.36–0.41; AWIV, 0.46– 0.48; GW, 0.11; GSL, 0.08–0.09; TL, 1.17–1.25. Etymology. This species is named in honour of our colleague and friend Miroslav Čapek (Institute of Vertebrate Biology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic), a respected Czech ornithologist who participated in many of our fieldtrips, in recognition of his friendship and unmatched enthusiasm in the study of birds. Remarks. This is the first record of chewing lice from Chiroxiphia caudata. A portion of COI gene was sequenced from specimens of M. capeki from Paraguay (GenBank MF563532). Comparing our sequence with other known sequences of Neotropical Myrsidea, the divergences exceeded 18% in all cases. The closest was that of M. pagei (ex Ramphocelus dimidiatus Lafresnaye, 1837, family Thraupidae, GenBank FJ 171287), with a pdistance of 18.2%. These sequence divergences are large enough to confirm M. capeki as a new, separate species., Published as part of Kolencik, Stanislav, Sychra, Oldrich, Papousek, Ivo, Kuabara, Kamila M. D., Valim, Michel P. & Literak, Ivan, 2018, New species and additional data on the chewing louse genus Myrsidea (Phthiraptera: Menoponidae) from wild Neotropical Passeriformes (Aves), pp. 401-431 in Zootaxa 4418 (5) on pages 417-418, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4418.5.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1244956, {"references":["Price, R. D. & Johnson K. P. (2009) Five new species of Myrsidea Waterston (Phthiraptera: Menoponidae) from tanagers (Passeriformes: Thraupidae) in Panama. Zootaxa, 2200, 61 - 68."]}

Myrsidea klimesi Sychra, 2006 Myrsidea klimesi Sychra, 2006 in Sychra et al. 2006: 55, figs 10–11, 14–15. Type host. Formicarius analis (d´Orbigny & Lafresnaye, 1837)—black-faced ant-thrush. Type locality. Hitoy Cerere BR, Provincia Limón, Costa Rica. Material examined. Ex Formicarius analis: 7 nymphs II, Zona Protectora Las Tablas, Costa Rica (08°54'N, 82°47'W), 21 August 2010, O. Sychra & I. Literak (MMBC). Remarks. Although we examined only nymphs, we believe they belong to M. klimesi because they are from the type host species, even if from a different locality in Costa Rica., Published as part of Kolencik, Stanislav, Sychra, Oldrich, Papousek, Ivo, Kuabara, Kamila M. D., Valim, Michel P. & Literak, Ivan, 2018, New species and additional data on the chewing louse genus Myrsidea (Phthiraptera: Menoponidae) from wild Neotropical Passeriformes (Aves), pp. 401-431 in Zootaxa 4418 (5) on page 407, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4418.5.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1244956, {"references":["Sychra, O., Literak, I., Capek, M. & Havlicek, M. (2006) Chewing lice (Phthiraptera) from typical antbirds and ground antbirds (Passeriformes: Thamnophilidae, Formicariidae) from Costa Rica, with descriptions of three new species of the genera Formicaphagus and Myrsidea. Zootaxa, 1206, 47 - 61."]}

Myrsidea oleaginei Price, Hellenthal & Dalgleish, 2005 Myrsidea oleaginei Price, Hellenthal & Dalgleish, 2005: 13, figs 15–16. Type host. Mionectes oleagineus (Lichtenstein, MHC, 1823)—ochre-bellied flycatcher. T ype locality. Simla near Arima, Trinidad & Tobago. Material examined. Ex Mionectes oleagineus: 3♀, 3♂, Hitoy Cerere BR, Provincia Limón, Costa Rica (09°40'N 85°05'W), 18 August 2004, I. Literak, M. Capek & M. Havlicek (MMBC); 3♀, 1♂, Centro URKU, Tarapoto, Perú (06°27'S, 76°21'W), 8 August 2011, I. Literak (MMBC); 4♀, 1♂, Atlántida, Tela, Lancetilla Botanical Garden, Honduras (15°44'N, 87°27'W), 10–18 August 2014, I. Literak (MMBC). Remarks. This is the first record of Myrsidea oleaginei in Honduras. Our specimens differ from the original description of M. oleaginei by setal counts and dimensions, as follows [data from Price et al. (2005) are in parentheses]: Female (n = 10). Metanotum with 10–11 (8–10) marginal setae. Tergal setae: I, 6–9 (8–13); III, 1 2–15 (10– 14). Anterior margin of sternal plate II with a medial notch. Sternal setae: II, 4–5 (4) in each aster; III, 24–25 (20– 24); IV, 30–36 (22–29); V, 29–32 (24–31); VI, 22–27 (19–25); VIII–IX, 7–9; and 9–11 setae on serrated vulvar margin (total number of VIII–IX sternal setae is 1 6–20 vs 18–22 in Price et al. 2005). Dimensions: PW, 0.26–0.29 (0.25–0.28); ANW, 0.19–0.21 (0.17–0.20). Male (n = 5). Metanotum with 10 (6–8) marginal setae. Tergal setae: I, 10 (7–9); II, 12 (8–11); VI, 14 (10–13). Sternal setae: II, 3–4 (4) in each aster; III, 22 (17–20); V, 27 (19–26); VI, 23 (16–22). Dimensions: TW, 0.40 (0.36– 0.39); PW, 0.27 (0.23–0.26); MW, 0.34 (0.30–0.33); AWIV, 0.43 (0.38–0.42); GSL, 0.10 (0.09)., Published as part of Kolencik, Stanislav, Sychra, Oldrich, Papousek, Ivo, Kuabara, Kamila M. D., Valim, Michel P. & Literak, Ivan, 2018, New species and additional data on the chewing louse genus Myrsidea (Phthiraptera: Menoponidae) from wild Neotropical Passeriformes (Aves), pp. 401-431 in Zootaxa 4418 (5) on page 428, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4418.5.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1244956, {"references":["Price, R. D., Hellenthal, R. A. & Dalgleish, R. C. (2005) The genus Myrsidea Waterston (Phthiraptera: Menoponidae) from tyrant-flycatchers (Passeriformes: Tyrannidae), with descriptions of 13 new species. Zootaxa, 1048, 1 - 20."]}

Myrsidea spellmani Price, Johnson & Dalgleish, 2008 Myrsidea spellmani Price, Johnson & Dalgleish, 2008b: 58. Type host. Hylophylax naevioides (Lafresnaye, 1847) —spotted antbird. Type locality. Rio Mono, Panamá. Material examined. Ex Hylophylax naevioides: 2 nymphs II, Rincón de la Vieja National Park, Sector Santa María, Sendero del Padre, Costa Rica (10°46'N, 85°18'W), 20 August 2009, O. Sychra & I. Literak. Remarks. Although we only examined nymphs, we believe they are M. spellmani considering that our specimens were collected from the type host species., Published as part of Kolencik, Stanislav, Sychra, Oldrich, Papousek, Ivo, Kuabara, Kamila M. D., Valim, Michel P. & Literak, Ivan, 2018, New species and additional data on the chewing louse genus Myrsidea (Phthiraptera: Menoponidae) from wild Neotropical Passeriformes (Aves), pp. 401-431 in Zootaxa 4418 (5) on page 420, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4418.5.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1244956, {"references":["Price, R. D., Johnson, K. P. & Dalgleish, R. C. (2008 b) Five new species of Myrsidea Waterston (Phthiraptera: Menoponidae) from antshrikes and antbirds (Passeriformes: Thamnophilidae). Zootaxa, 1819, 55 - 62."]}

Myrsidea pitangi Price, Hellenthal & Dalgleish, 2005 (Fig. 40) Myrsidea pitangi Price, Hellenthal & Dalgleish, 2005: 6, figs 4–6. Type host. Pitangus sulphuratus (Linnaeus, 1766) — great kiskadee. Type locality. Tumpuna Rd, Trinidad & Tobago. Material examined. Ex Pitangus sulphuratus: 1♂ Los Tres Gigantes Biological Station in the Paraguayan Pantanal, Paraguay (20°04'S, 50°09'W), 7 September 2012, I. Literak (MMBC); 1♀ Atlántida, Tela, Lancetilla Botanical Garden, Honduras (15°44'N, 87°27'W), 13 August 2014, I. Literak (MMBC). Remarks. Myrsidea pitangi was known from Trinidad & Tobago and Costa Rica, and our records are the first from Honduras, Paraguay and Perú. Our specimens differ from the original description of M. pitangi by setal counts and dimensions, as follows [data from Price et al. (2005) are in parentheses]: Female (n = 1). Metanotum not enlarged, with 7 (10–11) marginal setae. Tergal setae: I, 8 (10–11); II, 11 (12– 15); V, 11 (13–14); VII, 9 (6–7). Anterior margin of sternal plate II with a medial notch. Sternal setae: III, 34 (25– 31); VII, 19 (13–15); Anal fringe with 41 (42–46) dorsal setae. Dimensions: HL, 0.39 (0.35–0.38); PW, 0.34 (0.35– 0.37); MW, 0.50 (0.53–0.55); AWIV, 0.68 (0.73–0.79); ANW, 0.26 (0.28–0.29); TL, 1.72 (1.76–1.79). Male (n =1). Tergal setae: I, 7 (8–11). Sternal setae: VII, 18 (15–16); VIII, 9 (7). Genital sac sclerite as in Fig. 40. Dimensions: PW, 0.30 (0.32–0.34); GSL, 0.12 (about 0.10 long)., Published as part of Kolencik, Stanislav, Sychra, Oldrich, Papousek, Ivo, Kuabara, Kamila M. D., Valim, Michel P. & Literak, Ivan, 2018, New species and additional data on the chewing louse genus Myrsidea (Phthiraptera: Menoponidae) from wild Neotropical Passeriformes (Aves), pp. 401-431 in Zootaxa 4418 (5) on page 429, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4418.5.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1244956, {"references":["Price, R. D., Hellenthal, R. A. & Dalgleish, R. C. (2005) The genus Myrsidea Waterston (Phthiraptera: Menoponidae) from tyrant-flycatchers (Passeriformes: Tyrannidae), with descriptions of 13 new species. Zootaxa, 1048, 1 - 20."]}

Myrsidea sp. 2 Material examined. Ex Leptopogon amaurocephalus Tschudi, 1846 —sepia-capped flycatcher: 2♀, 1♂ Centro URKU, Tarapoto, Perú (06°27'S, 76°21'W), 8 August 2011, I. Literak (MMBC); 4♀, 1♂ San Rafael National Park, Paraguay (26°30'S, 55°47'W), 18 and 20 August 2012, I. Literak (MMBC). Remarks. This is the first record of Myrsidea from Leptopogon amaurocephalus.Our specimens are very close to Myrsidea contopi Price, Hellenthal & Dalgleish, 2005 ex Contopus cinereus (Spix, 1825) from Trinidad & Tobago by the shape of metanotum and tergites of female and similar type of genital sac sclerite in male, but differ by setal counts and dimensions, as follows [data from Price et al. (2005) are in parentheses]: Female (n = 6). Metanotum with 8–11 (8–9) marginal setae. Tergal setae: I, 10–13 (6–8); II, 11–13 (9–11); III, 10–15 (11–13); IV, 9–13 (10–11); V, 9–12 (7–9); VI, 10–12 (7–9); VII, 6–11 (4); VIII, 4–6 (4). Sternal setae: II, with 14–19 marginal setae between asters, 4–7 medioanterior (in total 24 marginal and medioanterior setae); III, 22–24 (19–21); IV, 28–35 (30–32); V, 30–36 (34–35); VI, 25–36 (30); VII, 16–18 (12–14); VIII–IX, 7–11 (22–25 including vulvar setae); and 10–13 setae on deeply serrated vulvar margin. Anal fringe formed by 34–36 (35–36) dorsal setae. Dimensions: TW, 0.44–0.45 (0.43–0.44); HL, 0.29–0.31 (0.31–0.32); PW, 0.27–0.32 (0.27–0.28); MW, 0.39–0.41 (0.42–0.43); AWIV, 0.51–0.54 (0.56–0.58); ANW, 0.20–0.23 (0.20–0.21); TL, 1.40–1.42 (1.32– 1.37). Male (n = 2). Metanotum with 5–9 (7–8) marginal setae. Tergal setae: I, 8–10 (5–6); III, 14–15 (7–11); IV, 11– 15 (6–10); V, 11–14 (6–8); VI, 9–13 (6); VII, 7–15 (4–6); VIII, 5–7 (4). Sternal setae: III, 21 (17–20); IV, 25–30 (23–29); V, 29–32 (28–30); VI, 28–30 (22–27); VII, 16–21 (13–16); VIII, 8–11 (6–7). Genital sac sclerite as in Figs 36–37. Dimensions: TW, 0.37–0.40 (0.40–0.41); MW, 0.32–0.36 (0.36–0.37); AWIV, 0.40–0.44 (0.45–0.46); TL, 1.05–1.18 (1.18–1.23). Remarks. A portion of COI gene was sequenced from specimens of Myrsidea sp. 2 ex Leptopogon amaurocephalus from Paraguay (GenBank MF563537). Comparing our sequence with other known sequences of Neotropical Myrsidea, the divergences exceeded 16% in all cases including those of the two morphologically closest species: M. elaeniae Price, Hellenthal & Dalgleish, 2005 (ex Elaenia flavogaster (Thunberg, 1822), GenBank KF048117), with a p-distance of 19.5%, and M. cnemotriccola Valim & Weckstein, 2013 (ex Cnemotriccus fuscatus, GenBank KF048124), with a p-distance of 20.6%, both from species of Tyrannidae. The closest species was M. lightae Valim & Weckstein, 2013 from the Cardinalidae (GenBank EU289211), with a pdistance of 16.9%. These results show that our specimens differ from all Neotropical Myrsidea with known sequences of COI. Despite some morphological differences (especially the smaller number of setae on tergite I in both sexes), we found our specimens to be very close to M. contopi. However, molecular data from M. contopi from the type-host are necessary to confirm that our samples belong to M. contopi. Also, more morphological and genetic data are needed to evaluate the status of Myrsidea from Leptopogon amaurocephalus from different localities, especially because our single males from Paraguay and Perú show some differences in tergal setae (tergites VI–VII of male from Perú with 7–9 setae vs 13–15 in male from Paraguay) and measurements (TW 0.40 for male from Perú vs 0.37 for male from Paraguay). According to these characters, the male from Perú is conspecific with M. contopi, while the specimen from Paraguay could represent a separate species or subspecies. However, the male from Paraguay share the same shape of male genital sac sclerite with M. contopi, while that from Perú differs in this character (see Figs 36 and 37), but such difference maybe the result of a distortion. Contrary to Price et al. (2005), we think that it is not possible to use the tip of the male genital sac sclerite as a single character to separate species of Myrsidea. Although both host species (Contopus cinereus and Leptopogon amaurocephalus) are not closely related (Rheindt et al. 2008), they have almost the same geographical distribution (Clements et al. 2017), implying that host-switching of lice between these host species (see Price et al. 2003) is a possible explanation for the unusual host distribution of these specimens of Myrsidea., Published as part of Kolencik, Stanislav, Sychra, Oldrich, Papousek, Ivo, Kuabara, Kamila M. D., Valim, Michel P. & Literak, Ivan, 2018, New species and additional data on the chewing louse genus Myrsidea (Phthiraptera: Menoponidae) from wild Neotropical Passeriformes (Aves), pp. 401-431 in Zootaxa 4418 (5) on page 423, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4418.5.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1244956, {"references":["Price, R. D., Hellenthal, R. A. & Dalgleish, R. C. (2005) The genus Myrsidea Waterston (Phthiraptera: Menoponidae) from tyrant-flycatchers (Passeriformes: Tyrannidae), with descriptions of 13 new species. Zootaxa, 1048, 1 - 20.","Valim, M. P. & Weckstein, J. D. (2013) A drop in the bucket of the megadiverse chewing louse genus Myrsidea (Phthiraptera, Amblycera, Menoponidae): ten new species from Amazonian Brazil. Folia Parasitologica, 60, 377 - 400. https: // doi. org / 10.14411 / fp. 2013.040","Rheindt, F. E., Norman, J. A. & Christidis, L. (2008) Phylogenetic relationships of tyrant-flycatchers (Aves: Tyrannidae), with an emphasis on the elaeniine assemblage. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 46, 88 - 101. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ympev. 2007.09.011","Clements, J. F., Schulenberg, T. S., Iliff, M. J., Roberson, D., Fredericks, T. A., Sullivan, B. L. & Wood, C. L. (2017) The eBird / Clements checklist of birds of the world: v 2017. Available from: http: // www. birds. cornell. edu / clementschecklist / download / (accessed 14 June 2017)"]}

Myrsidea barbati Price, Hellenthal & Dalgleish, 2005 Myrsidea barbati Price, Hellenthal & Dalgleish, 2005: 8, figs 9–10. Type host. Myiobius barbatus (J. F. Gmelin, 1789) —whiskered flycatcher. Type locality. 12 km SW San Isidro de El General, Tinamaste, San José Province, Costa Rica. Material examined. Ex Myiobius sulphureipygius (P.L. Sclater, 1857) —sulphur-rumped flycatcher: 1♀, Hitoy Cerere BR, Provincia Limón, Costa Rica (09°40'N, 85°05'W), 28 August 2004, I. Literak, M. Capek & M. Havlicek (MMBC). Remarks. This is the first record of a louse from Myiobius suphureipygius. Our specimen differs slightly from the original description of M. barbati by some setal counts, as follows [data from Price et al. (2005) are in parentheses]: Female (n = 1). Sternal setae: IV, 31 (24–29); V, 34 (28–33). Anal fringe with 32 (25–31) dorsal setae., Published as part of Kolencik, Stanislav, Sychra, Oldrich, Papousek, Ivo, Kuabara, Kamila M. D., Valim, Michel P. & Literak, Ivan, 2018, New species and additional data on the chewing louse genus Myrsidea (Phthiraptera: Menoponidae) from wild Neotropical Passeriformes (Aves), pp. 401-431 in Zootaxa 4418 (5) on page 422, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4418.5.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1244956, {"references":["Price, R. D., Hellenthal, R. A. & Dalgleish, R. C. (2005) The genus Myrsidea Waterston (Phthiraptera: Menoponidae) from tyrant-flycatchers (Passeriformes: Tyrannidae), with descriptions of 13 new species. Zootaxa, 1048, 1 - 20."]}