16 results on '"Papathanasaki, Aikaterini"'
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2. EUREST-RISE: An innovative networking and training project on European Tobacco Control
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Radu-Loghin, Cornel, primary, Mocanu, Karina, additional, Al Gouhmani, Hani, additional, Vardavas, Constantine, additional, Lagou, Ioanna, additional, Plyta, Zinovia, additional, Papathanasaki, Aikaterini, additional, Vogiatzidaki, Stella, additional, Vardavas, Alexander, additional, Tzatzarakis, Manolis, additional, Tsatsakis, Aristidis, additional, Filippidis, Filippos, additional, Kyriakos, Christina, additional, Fernandez, Esteve, additional, Tigova, Olena, additional, Martinez, Cristina, additional, Lopez Luque, Anna Mar, additional, Eremia, Marius, additional, Lotrean, Lucia Maria, additional, Trofor, Antigona, additional, Wenzl, Thomas, additional, Simpson, Bill, additional, Powell, Pippa, additional, Starchenko, Polina, additional, Bakou, Angeliki, additional, Asimaki, Eleni, additional, and Vivilaki, Victoria, additional
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- 2023
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3. Receiving support to quit smoking and quit attempts among smokers with and without smoking related diseases: Findings from the EUREST-PLUS ITC Europe Surveys
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Hedman, Linnea, Katsaounou, Paraskevi A., Filippidis, Filippos T., Ravara, Sofia B., Lindberg, Anne, Janson, Christer, Gratziou, Christina, Rohde, Gernot, Kyriakos, Christina N., Mons, Ute, Fernandez, Esteve, Trofor, Antigona C., Demjen, Tibor, Przewozniak, Krzysztof, Tountas, Yannis, Fong, Geoffrey T., Vardavas, Constantine I., Glahn, Andrea, Nguyen, Dominick, Nikitara, Katerina, Radu-Loghin, Cornel, Starchenko, Polina, Tsatsakis, Aristidis, Girvalaki, Charis, Igoumenaki, Chryssi, Papadakis, Sophia, Papathanasaki, Aikaterini, Tzatzarakis, Manolis, Vardavas, Alexander I., Becuwe, Nicolas, Deaconu, Lavinia, Goudet, Sophie, Hanley, Christopher, Riviere, Oscar, Kiss, Judit, Kovacs, Piroska A., Castellano, Yolanda, Fu, Marcela, Nogueira, Sarah O., Tigova, Olena, McNeill, Ann, East, Katherine, Hitchman, Sara C., Kahnert, Sarah, Behrakis, Panagiotis, Katsaounou, Paraskevi, Peleki, Theodosia, Petroulia, Ioanna, Tzavara, Chara, Eremia, Marius, Lotrean, Lucia, Mihaltan, Florin, Asano, Tamaki, Cichon, Claudia, Far, Amy, Genton, Celine, Jessner, Melanie, Lindberg, Ann, Maguire, Beth, Ravara, Sofia, Vaccaro, Valerie, Ward, Brian, Willemsen, Marc, de Vries, Hein, Hummel, Karin, Nagelhout, Gera E., Zatonski, Witold A., Herbec, Aleksandra, Janik-Koncewicz, Kinga, Zatonski, Mateusz, Agar, Thomas K., Driezen, Pete, Gravely, Shannon, Quah, Anne C. K., and Thompson, Mary E.
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Respiratory diseases ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Health (social science) ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,quitting smoking ,Smoking cessation ,Quit smoking ,Malalties de l'aparell respiratori ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,DEPENDENCE ,Tractament del tabaquisme ,COPD ,Malalties cròniques ,Medicine ,CESSATION ADVICE ,030212 general & internal medicine ,tobacco smoking ,Beroendelära ,Psychiatry ,Public, Environmental & Occupational Health ,TOBACCO ,Science & Technology ,business.industry ,Substance Abuse ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,1103 Clinical Sciences ,Public Health, Global Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology ,medicine.disease ,smoking cessation ,3. Good health ,Substance abuse ,Folkhälsovetenskap, global hälsa, socialmedicin och epidemiologi ,Chronic disease ,030228 respiratory system ,Chronic diseases ,behavior and behavior mechanisms ,EUREST-PLUS consortium ,business ,Life Sciences & Biomedicine ,chronic disease ,Research Paper ,Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) - Abstract
INTRODUCTION Having a chronic disease either caused or worsened by tobacco smoking does not always translate into quitting smoking. Although smoking cessation is one of the most cost-effective medical interventions, it remains poorly implemented in healthcare settings. The aim was to examine whether smokers with chronic and respiratory diseases were more likely to receive support to quit smoking by a healthcare provider or make a quit attempt than smokers without these diseases. METHODS This population-based study included a sample of 6011 adult smokers in six European countries. The participants were interviewed face-to-face and asked questions on sociodemographic characteristics, current diagnoses for chronic diseases, healthcare visits in the last 12 months and, if so, whether they had received any support to quit smoking. Questions on smoking behavior included nicotine dependence, motivation to quit smoking and quit attempts in the last 12 months. The results are presented as weighted percentages with 95% confidence intervals (CI) and as adjusted odds ratios with 95% CI based on logistic regression analyses. RESULTS Smokers with chronic respiratory disease, those aged 55 years and older, as well as those with one or more chronic diseases were more likely to receive smoking cessation advice from a healthcare professional. Making a quit attempt in the last year was related to younger age, high educational level, higher motivation to quit, lower nicotine dependence and having received advice to quit from a healthcare professional but not with having chronic diseases. There were significant differences between countries with smokers in Romania consistently reporting more support to quit as well as quit attempts. CONCLUSIONS Although smokers with respiratory disease did indeed receive smoking cessation support more often than smokers without disease, many smokers did not receive any advice or support to quit during a healthcare visit. Supplement 2.
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- 2019
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4. Evaluating the impact of introducing standardized packaging with larger health-warning labels in England: findings from adult smokers within the EUREST-PLUS ITC Europe Surveys
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Aleyan, Sarah, Driezen, Pete, Kyriakos, Christina N., Thompson, Mary E., Balmford, James, Demjén, Tibor, Fernández, Esteve, Mons, Ute, Tountas, Yannis, Janik-Koncewicz, Kinga, Zatonski, Witold, Trofor, Antigona C., Vardavas, Constantine I., Fong, Geoffrey T., Glahn, Andrea, Nguyen, Dominick, Nikitara, Katerina, Radu-Loghin, Cornel, Starchenko, Polina, Tsatsakis, Aristidis, Girvalaki, Charis, Igoumenaki, Chryssi, Papadakis, Sophia, Papathanasaki, Aikaterini, Tzatzarakis, Manolis, Vardavas, Alexander I., Bécuwe, Nicolas, Deaconu, Lavinia, Goudet, Sophie, Hanley, Christopher, Rivière, Oscar, Kiss, Judit, Kovacs, Anna Piroska, Castellano, Yolanda, Fu, Marcela, Nogueira, Sarah O., Tigova, Olena, McNeill, Ann, East, Katherine, Hitchman, Sara C., Kahnert, Sarah, Behrakis, Panagiotis, Filippidis, Filippos T., Gratziou, Christina, Katsaounou, Paraskevi, Peleki, Theodosia, Willemsen, Marc, De Vries, Hein, Hummel, Karin, Nagelhout, Gera E., EUREST-PLUS consortium, Aleyan, Sarah, Driezen, Pete, Kyriakos, Christina N., Thompson, Mary E., Balmford, James, Demjén, Tibor, Fernández, Esteve, Mons, Ute, Tountas, Yannis, Janik-Koncewicz, Kinga, Zatonski, Witold, Trofor, Antigona C., Vardavas, Constantine I., Fong, Geoffrey T., Glahn, Andrea, Nguyen, Dominick, Nikitara, Katerina, Radu-Loghin, Cornel, Starchenko, Polina, Tsatsakis, Aristidis, Girvalaki, Charis, Igoumenaki, Chryssi, Papadakis, Sophia, Papathanasaki, Aikaterini, Tzatzarakis, Manolis, Vardavas, Alexander I., Bécuwe, Nicolas, Deaconu, Lavinia, Goudet, Sophie, Hanley, Christopher, Rivière, Oscar, Kiss, Judit, Kovacs, Anna Piroska, Castellano, Yolanda, Fu, Marcela, Nogueira, Sarah O., Tigova, Olena, McNeill, Ann, East, Katherine, Hitchman, Sara C., Kahnert, Sarah, Behrakis, Panagiotis, Filippidis, Filippos T., Gratziou, Christina, Katsaounou, Paraskevi, Peleki, Theodosia, Willemsen, Marc, De Vries, Hein, Hummel, Karin, Nagelhout, Gera E., and EUREST-PLUS consortium
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Background: The European (EU) Tobacco Product Directive (TPD) was implemented in May 2016 to regulate the design and labelling of cigarettes and roll-your-own tobacco. At the same time, the UK introduced standardized packaging measures, whereas Germany, Greece, Hungary, Poland, Romania and Spain did not. This study examines the impact of introducing standardized packaging in England using a quasi-experimental design. Methods: Data from adult smokers in Waves 1 (2016; N¼9547) and 2 (2018; N¼9724) from the International Tobacco Control Policy Evaluation surveys (England) and EUREST-PLUS surveys (Germany, Greece, Hungary, Poland, Romania and Spain) were used. Generalized estimating equations were used to estimate changes in pack/brand appeal, salience of health-warning labels (HWLs) and perceived relative harm of different brands in England (where larger HWLs and standardized packaging were implemented), vs. each EU country (where only larger HWLs were implemented). Results: There was an increase in the percentage of respondents from Germany, Hungary and Poland reporting they did not like the look of the pack (4.7%, 9.6%, and 14.2%, respectively), but the largest increase was in England (41.0%). Moreover, there was a statistically significant increase in the salience of HWLs in Hungary, Poland and Romania (17.0%, 13.9%, and 15.3%, respectively), but the largest increase was in England (27.6%). Few differences were observed in cross-country comparisons of the perceived relative harm of different brands. Conclusions: Findings suggest that standardized packaging reduces pack appeal and enhances the salience of HWLs over and above the effects of larger HWLs. Findings provide additional evidence and support for incorporating standardized packaging into the EU TPD.
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- 2020
5. Changes in electronic cigarette use and label awareness among smokers before and after the European Tobacco Products Directive implementation in six European countries: findings from the EUREST-PLUS ITC Europe Surveys
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Vardavas, Constantine I., Kyriakos, Christina N., Driezen, Pete, Girvalaki, Charis, Nikitara, Katerina, Filippidis, Filippos T., Fernández, Esteve, Mons, Ute, Przewozniak, Krzysztof, Trofor, Antigona C., Demjén, Tibor, Katsaounou, Paraskevi A., Zatonski, Witold, Willemsen, Marc, Fong, Geoffrey T., Glahn, Andrea, Nguyen, Dominick, Radu-Loghin, Cornel, Starchenko, Polina, Tsatsakis, Aristidis, Igoumenaki, Chryssi, Papadakis, Sophia, Papathanasaki, Aikaterini, Tzatzarakis, Manolis, Vardavas, Alexander I., Bécuwe, Nicolas, Deaconu, Lavinia, Goudet, Sophie, Hanley, Christopher, Rivière, Oscar, Kiss, Judit, Kovacs, Anna Piroska, Castellano, Yolanda, Fu, Marcela, Nogueira, Sarah O., Tigova, Olena, McNeill, Ann, East, Katherine, Hitchman, Sara C., Kahnert, Sarah, Tountas, Yannis, Behrakis, Panagiotis, Gratziou, Christina, Katsaounou, Paraskevi, Peleki, Theodosia, Petroulia, Ioanna, Tzavara, Chara, De Vries, Hein, Hummel, Karin, Nagelhout, Gera E., EUREST-PLUS consortium, Vardavas, Constantine I., Kyriakos, Christina N., Driezen, Pete, Girvalaki, Charis, Nikitara, Katerina, Filippidis, Filippos T., Fernández, Esteve, Mons, Ute, Przewozniak, Krzysztof, Trofor, Antigona C., Demjén, Tibor, Katsaounou, Paraskevi A., Zatonski, Witold, Willemsen, Marc, Fong, Geoffrey T., Glahn, Andrea, Nguyen, Dominick, Radu-Loghin, Cornel, Starchenko, Polina, Tsatsakis, Aristidis, Igoumenaki, Chryssi, Papadakis, Sophia, Papathanasaki, Aikaterini, Tzatzarakis, Manolis, Vardavas, Alexander I., Bécuwe, Nicolas, Deaconu, Lavinia, Goudet, Sophie, Hanley, Christopher, Rivière, Oscar, Kiss, Judit, Kovacs, Anna Piroska, Castellano, Yolanda, Fu, Marcela, Nogueira, Sarah O., Tigova, Olena, McNeill, Ann, East, Katherine, Hitchman, Sara C., Kahnert, Sarah, Tountas, Yannis, Behrakis, Panagiotis, Gratziou, Christina, Katsaounou, Paraskevi, Peleki, Theodosia, Petroulia, Ioanna, Tzavara, Chara, De Vries, Hein, Hummel, Karin, Nagelhout, Gera E., and EUREST-PLUS consortium
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Background: Article 20 of the European Tobacco Product Directive (TPD), which went into effect in May 2016, regulates electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) in the European Union (EU). The aim of this study was to evaluate changes in e-cigarette use, design attributes of the products used and awareness of e-cigarette labelling and packaging among smokers from six EU Member States (MS) before and after TPD implementation. Methods: Data come from Wave 1 (2016, pre-TPD) and Wave 2 (2018, post-TPD) of the ITC Six European Country Survey among a sample of smokers and recent quitters who use e-cigarettes from six EU MS. Weighted logistic generalized estimating equations regression models were estimated to test the change in binary outcomes between Waves 1 and 2 using SAS-callable SUDAAN. Results: In 2018, current daily/weekly e-cigarette use among adult smokers was just over 2%, but this varied from the highest in Greece (4%) to lowest in Poland (1.2%). From Waves 1 to 2, there was a significant increase in respondents reporting noticing and reading health and product safety information on leaflets inside e-cigarette packaging (8.39–11.62%, P < 0.001). There were no significant changes between waves of respondents reporting noticing or reading warning labels on e-cigarette packages/vials. Conclusions: e-cigarette use among smokers in these six EU countries is low. Although reported noticing and reading leaflets included in the packaging of e-cigarettes increased significantly from before to after the TPD, there was no significant change in reported noticing and reading of warning labels. Findings indicate the importance of continued monitoring of TPD provisions around e-cigarettes.
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- 2020
6. Social norms for e-cigarettes and smoking: associations with initiation of e-cigarette use, intentions to quit smoking and quit attempts: findings from the EUREST-PLUS ITC Europe Surveys
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Papadakis, Sophia, Katsaounou, Paraskevi, Kyriakos, Christina N., Balmford, James, Tzavara, Chara, Girvalaki, Charis, Driezen, Pete, Filippidis, Filippos T., Herbec, Aleksandra, Hummel, Karin, Mcneill, Ann, Mons, Ute, Fernández, Esteve, Fu, Marcela, Trofor, Antigona C., Demjén, Tibor, Zatonski, Witold A., Willemsen, Marc, Fong, Geoffrey T., Vardavas, Constantine I., Glahn, Andrea, Nguyen, Dominick, Radu-Loghin, Cornel, Starchenko, Polina, Tsatsakis, Aristidis, Igoumenaki, Chryssi, Nikitara, Katerina, Papathanasaki, Aikaterini, Tzatzarakis, Manolis, Vardavas, Alexander I., Bécuwe, Nicolas, Deaconu, Lavinia, Goudet, Sophie, Hanley, Christopher, Rivière, Oscar, Kiss, Judit, Kovacs, Piroska A., Castellano, Yolanda, Nogueira, Sarah O., Tigova, Olena, East, Katherine, Hitchman, Sara C., Kahnert, Sarah, Tountas, Yannis, Behrakis, Panagiotis, Gratziou, Christina, Peleki, Theodosia, Petroulia, Ioanna, De Vries, Hein, Nagelhout, Gera E., EUREST-PLUS consortium, Papadakis, Sophia, Katsaounou, Paraskevi, Kyriakos, Christina N., Balmford, James, Tzavara, Chara, Girvalaki, Charis, Driezen, Pete, Filippidis, Filippos T., Herbec, Aleksandra, Hummel, Karin, Mcneill, Ann, Mons, Ute, Fernández, Esteve, Fu, Marcela, Trofor, Antigona C., Demjén, Tibor, Zatonski, Witold A., Willemsen, Marc, Fong, Geoffrey T., Vardavas, Constantine I., Glahn, Andrea, Nguyen, Dominick, Radu-Loghin, Cornel, Starchenko, Polina, Tsatsakis, Aristidis, Igoumenaki, Chryssi, Nikitara, Katerina, Papathanasaki, Aikaterini, Tzatzarakis, Manolis, Vardavas, Alexander I., Bécuwe, Nicolas, Deaconu, Lavinia, Goudet, Sophie, Hanley, Christopher, Rivière, Oscar, Kiss, Judit, Kovacs, Piroska A., Castellano, Yolanda, Nogueira, Sarah O., Tigova, Olena, East, Katherine, Hitchman, Sara C., Kahnert, Sarah, Tountas, Yannis, Behrakis, Panagiotis, Gratziou, Christina, Peleki, Theodosia, Petroulia, Ioanna, De Vries, Hein, Nagelhout, Gera E., and EUREST-PLUS consortium
- Abstract
Background: Social norms have received little attention in relation to electronic cigarettes (EC). The current study examine social norms for EC use and smoking tobacco, and their associations with (i) initiation of EC use, (ii) intention to quit smoking and (iii) attempts to quit smoking. Methods: Cross-sectional and longitudinal data analysis from Waves 1 and 2 of the ITC 6 European Country Survey and corresponding waves from England (the ITC Four Country Smoking and Vaping Survey). Current smokers at baseline, who heard of ECs and provided data at both waves were included (n ¼ 3702). Complex samples logistic regression examined associations between the outcomes and descriptive (seeing EC use in public, close friends using ECs/smoking) and injunctive (public approves of ECs/smoking) norms, adjusting for country, demographics, EC use and heaviness of smoking. Results: In longitudinal analyses, seeing EC use in public at least some days was the only social norm that predicted initiation of EC use between waves (OR ¼ 1.66, 95%CI ¼ 1.08–2.56). In the cross-sectional analysis, having an intention to quit was associated with seeing EC use in public (OR ¼ 1.37, 95%CI ¼ 1.04–1.81) and reporting fewer than three close friends smoke (OR ¼ 0.59, 95%CI ¼ 0.44–0.80). There was no association between any social norm and making a quit attempt between waves. Conclusions: Initiation of EC use is predicted by seeing EC use in public, which was also associated with greater intention to quit smoking. Friends’ smoking was associated with lower intention to quit. These findings may allay concerns that increased visibility of ECs is renormalizing smoking amongst current smokers.
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- 2020
7. Transitions from and to roll-your-own tobacco, perceptions and health beliefs among smokers: findings from the EUREST-PLUS ITC Europe Surveys
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Filippidis, Filippos T., Driezen, Pete, Kyriakos, Christina N., Katsaounou, Paraskevi, Petroulia, Ioanna, Girvalaki, Charis, Fu, Marcela, Fernández, Esteve, Mons, Ute, Trofor, Antigona C., Demjén, Tibor, Przewozniak, Krzysztof, Zatonski, Witold A., Fong, Geoffrey T., Tountas, Yannis, Vardavas, Constantine I., Glahn, Andrea, Nguyen, Dominick, Nikitara, Katerina, Radu-Loghin, Cornel, Starchenko, Polina, Tsatsakis, Aristidis, Igoumenaki, Chryssi, Papadakis, Sophia, Papathanasaki, Aikaterini, Tzatzarakis, Manolis, Vardavas, Alexander I., Bécuwe, Nicolas, Deaconu, Lavinia, Goudet, Sophie, Hanley, Christopher, Rivière, Oscar, Kiss, Judit, Kovacs, Anna Piroska, Castellano, Yolanda, Nogueira, Sarah O., Tigova, Olena, McNeill, Ann, East, Katherine, Hitchman, Sara C., Kahnert, Sarah, Behrakis, Panagiotis, Gratziou, Christina, Peleki, Theodosia, Tzavara, Chara, Eremia, Marius, Willemsen, Marc, De Vries, Hein, Hummel, Karin, Nagelhout, Gera E., EUREST-PLUS consortium, Filippidis, Filippos T., Driezen, Pete, Kyriakos, Christina N., Katsaounou, Paraskevi, Petroulia, Ioanna, Girvalaki, Charis, Fu, Marcela, Fernández, Esteve, Mons, Ute, Trofor, Antigona C., Demjén, Tibor, Przewozniak, Krzysztof, Zatonski, Witold A., Fong, Geoffrey T., Tountas, Yannis, Vardavas, Constantine I., Glahn, Andrea, Nguyen, Dominick, Nikitara, Katerina, Radu-Loghin, Cornel, Starchenko, Polina, Tsatsakis, Aristidis, Igoumenaki, Chryssi, Papadakis, Sophia, Papathanasaki, Aikaterini, Tzatzarakis, Manolis, Vardavas, Alexander I., Bécuwe, Nicolas, Deaconu, Lavinia, Goudet, Sophie, Hanley, Christopher, Rivière, Oscar, Kiss, Judit, Kovacs, Anna Piroska, Castellano, Yolanda, Nogueira, Sarah O., Tigova, Olena, McNeill, Ann, East, Katherine, Hitchman, Sara C., Kahnert, Sarah, Behrakis, Panagiotis, Gratziou, Christina, Peleki, Theodosia, Tzavara, Chara, Eremia, Marius, Willemsen, Marc, De Vries, Hein, Hummel, Karin, Nagelhout, Gera E., and EUREST-PLUS consortium
- Abstract
Background: The prevalence of roll-your-own tobacco (RYO) in Europe has been increasing. The aim of this study was to investigate transitions between factory-made (FM) cigarettes and RYO in a longitudinal sample of European smokers, and their perceptions of relative harmfulness and knowledge of health effects. Methods: We used data collected from the EUREST-PLUS ITC 6 European Country (6E) Surveys in 2016 (n ¼ 6011 smokers) and in 2018 (n ¼ 6027) in Germany, Greece, Hungary, Poland, Romania and Spain. A total of 3195 cohort respondents were interviewed in both years. Use of RYO and FM, knowledge of health effects of smoking as well as perceptions about RYO were assessed. We used logistic regression models to explore sociodemographic correlates of transitions from one product to the other, of perceptions and knowledge related to smoking health effects. Results: Approximately 7.4% of exclusive FM smokers transitioned to RYO and 29.5% of exclusive RYO smokers transitioned to FM cigarettes from 2016 to 2018. RYO use in 2018 was more frequent among smokers of low education and income, but none of these factors were associated with transitions. Most RYO smokers perceived RYO as cheaper than FM and 21.7% of them considered RYO to be less harmful than FM. Knowledge of the health effects of smoking was not associated with type of product smoked. Conclusions: RYO is popular among European smokers; its lower cost seems to be a major factor for RYO users; reasons for transitions to and from RYO are less clear and need to be further investigated.
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- 2020
8. Awareness and use of heated tobacco products among adult smokers in six European countries: Findings from the EUREST-PLUS ITC Europe Surveys
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Nogueira, Sarah O., Tigova, Olena, Driezen, Pete, Fu, Marcela, Kyriakos, Christina N., Zatonski, Mateusz, Mons, Ute, Quah, Anne C.K., Demjén, Tibor, Trofor, Antigona C., Przewozniak, Krzysztof, Katsaounou, Paraskevi A., Fong, Geoffrey T., Vardavas, Constantine I., Fernández, Esteve, Glahn, Andrea, Nguyen, Dominick, Nikitara, Katerina, Radu-Loghin, Cornel, Starchenko, Polina, Tsatsakis, Aristidis, Girvalaki, Charis, Igoumenaki, Chryssi, Papadakis, Sophia, Papathanasaki, Aikaterini, Tzatzarakis, Manolis, Vardavas, Alexander I., Bécuwe, Nicolas, Deaconu, Lavinia, Goudet, Sophie, Hanley, Christopher, Rivière, Oscar, Kiss, Judit, Kovacs, Anna Piroska, Castellano, Yolanda, McNeill, Ann, East, Katherine, Hitchman, Sara C., Kahnert, Sarah, Tountas, Yannis, Behrakis, Panagiotis, Filippidis, Filippos T., Gratziou, Christina, Katsaounou, Paraskevi, Peleki, Theodosia, Petroulia, Ioanna, Willemsen, Marc, De Vries, Hein, Hummel, Karin, Nagelhout, Gera E., EUREST-PLUS consortium, Nogueira, Sarah O., Tigova, Olena, Driezen, Pete, Fu, Marcela, Kyriakos, Christina N., Zatonski, Mateusz, Mons, Ute, Quah, Anne C.K., Demjén, Tibor, Trofor, Antigona C., Przewozniak, Krzysztof, Katsaounou, Paraskevi A., Fong, Geoffrey T., Vardavas, Constantine I., Fernández, Esteve, Glahn, Andrea, Nguyen, Dominick, Nikitara, Katerina, Radu-Loghin, Cornel, Starchenko, Polina, Tsatsakis, Aristidis, Girvalaki, Charis, Igoumenaki, Chryssi, Papadakis, Sophia, Papathanasaki, Aikaterini, Tzatzarakis, Manolis, Vardavas, Alexander I., Bécuwe, Nicolas, Deaconu, Lavinia, Goudet, Sophie, Hanley, Christopher, Rivière, Oscar, Kiss, Judit, Kovacs, Anna Piroska, Castellano, Yolanda, McNeill, Ann, East, Katherine, Hitchman, Sara C., Kahnert, Sarah, Tountas, Yannis, Behrakis, Panagiotis, Filippidis, Filippos T., Gratziou, Christina, Katsaounou, Paraskevi, Peleki, Theodosia, Petroulia, Ioanna, Willemsen, Marc, De Vries, Hein, Hummel, Karin, Nagelhout, Gera E., and EUREST-PLUS consortium
- Abstract
Background: The study assessed awareness and use of heated tobacco products (HTPs) and factors that influenced these issues among cigarette smokers from six European countries in 2016 (Wave 1) and 2018 (Wave 2). Methods: A survey was conducted among a nationally representative sample of cigarette smokers aged 18 years or older from Germany, Greece, Hungary, Poland, Romania and Spain in 2016 (N ¼ 6011) and 2018 (N ¼ 6027; 53% of smokers from the previous wave were retained, regardless of smoking status and dropouts were replaced by a replenishment sample of smokers). Data were collected through face-to-face interviews. Estimates were produced using weighted data. The study presents the cross-sectional results. Results: Awareness of HTPs increased from 8% to 17% between the two waves. At Wave 1, 1.1% of the smokers declared having used HTPs at least once during their lifetime; and at Wave 2, this increased to 1.9% (around 1% or less in four countries, except for Greece and Romania where it was around 4%). Factors associated with HTPs use among those who had ever heard about these products at Wave 1 were country of residence, being a daily cigarette smoker and ever use of electronic cigarettes. At Wave 2, ever use of HTPs was significantly higher among those who had tried to quit smoking combustible cigarettes in the last 12 months, had tried electronic cigarettes during lifetime and perceived HTPs as less dangerous than combustible cigarettes; the country of residence was also associated with HTPs use. Conclusion: This study offers insights into the behaviours and perceptions of European adult smokers regarding HTPs, an important emerging issue in the field of tobacco control.
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- 2020
9. Support for e-cigarette policies among smokers in seven European countries: longitudinal findings from the 2016–18 EUREST-PLUS ITC Europe Surveys
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Chung-Hall, Janet, Meng, Gang, Kyriakos, Christina N., Craig, Lorraine V., Balmford, James, Demjén, Tibor, Fernández, Esteve, Mons, Ute, Tountas, Yannis, Janik-Koncewicz, Kinga, Zatonski, Witold, Trofor, Antigona C., Vardavas, Constantine I., Fong, Geoffrey T., Glahn, Andrea, Nguyen, Dominick, Nikitara, Katerina, Radu-Loghin, Cornel, Starchenko, Polina, Tsatsakis, Aristidis, Girvalaki, Charis, Igoumenaki, Chryssi, Papadakis, Sophia, Papathanasaki, Aikaterini, Tzatzarakis, Manolis, Vardavas, Alexander I., Bécuwe, Nicolas, Deaconu, Lavinia, Goudet, Sophie, Hanley, Christopher, Rivière, Oscar, Kiss, Judit, Kovacs, Anna Piroska, Castellano, Yolanda, Fu, Marcela, Nogueira, Sarah O., Tigova, Olena, McNeill, Ann, East, Katherine, Hitchman, Sara C., Kahnert, Sarah, Behrakis, Panagiotis, Filippidis, Filippos T., Gratziou, Christina, Katsaounou, Paraskevi, Peleki, Theodosia, Willemsen, Marc, De Vries, Hein, Hummel, Karin, Nagelhout, Gera E., EUREST-PLUS consortium, Chung-Hall, Janet, Meng, Gang, Kyriakos, Christina N., Craig, Lorraine V., Balmford, James, Demjén, Tibor, Fernández, Esteve, Mons, Ute, Tountas, Yannis, Janik-Koncewicz, Kinga, Zatonski, Witold, Trofor, Antigona C., Vardavas, Constantine I., Fong, Geoffrey T., Glahn, Andrea, Nguyen, Dominick, Nikitara, Katerina, Radu-Loghin, Cornel, Starchenko, Polina, Tsatsakis, Aristidis, Girvalaki, Charis, Igoumenaki, Chryssi, Papadakis, Sophia, Papathanasaki, Aikaterini, Tzatzarakis, Manolis, Vardavas, Alexander I., Bécuwe, Nicolas, Deaconu, Lavinia, Goudet, Sophie, Hanley, Christopher, Rivière, Oscar, Kiss, Judit, Kovacs, Anna Piroska, Castellano, Yolanda, Fu, Marcela, Nogueira, Sarah O., Tigova, Olena, McNeill, Ann, East, Katherine, Hitchman, Sara C., Kahnert, Sarah, Behrakis, Panagiotis, Filippidis, Filippos T., Gratziou, Christina, Katsaounou, Paraskevi, Peleki, Theodosia, Willemsen, Marc, De Vries, Hein, Hummel, Karin, Nagelhout, Gera E., and EUREST-PLUS consortium
- Abstract
Background: The 2016 European Tobacco Products Directive (TPD) required Member States (MS) to implement new regulations for electronic cigarettes (ECs). We conducted a longitudinal study to assess changes over 2 years in smokers’ support for EC policies and identify predictors of support in seven European countries after TPD implementation. Methods: Prospective cohort surveys were conducted among adult smokers in Germany, Greece, Hungary, Poland, Romania, Spain and England in 2016 (n ¼ 9547; just after TPD) and 2018 (n ¼ 10 287; 2 years after TPD). Multivariable logistic regression models employing generalized estimating equations assessed changes in support for four EC policies, and tested for country differences and strength of key predictors of support. Results: Banning EC use in smoke-free places was supported by 53.1% in 2016 and 54.6% in 2018 with a significant increase in Greece (51.7–66.0%) and a decrease in Spain (60.1–48.6%). Restricting EC/e-liquid nicotine content was supported by 52.2 and 47.4% in 2016 and 2018, respectively, with a significant decrease in England (54.2–46.5%) and Romania (52.5–41.0%). An EC promotion ban was supported by 41.1 and 40.2%. A flavour ban was supported by 33.3% and 32.3% with a significant increase in Hungary (34.3–43.3%). Support was generally higher in Poland, Hungary and Greece vs. England. Support was lower among dual and EC-only users, and low-income smokers. Conclusions: Smokers in all countries strongly supported banning EC use in smoke-free places and restricting nicotine content after TPD implementation, with no clear trends for changes in policy support.
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- 2020
10. Effectiveness of tobacco warning labels before and after implementation of the European Tobacco Products Directive—findings from the longitudinal EUREST-PLUS ITC Europe surveys
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Gravely, Shannon, Driezen, Pete, Kyriakos, Christina N., Thompson, Mary E., Balmford, James, Demjén, Tibor, Fernández, Esteve, Mons, Ute, Tountas, Yannis, Janik-Koncewicz, Kinga, Zatonski, Witold, Trofor, Antigona C., Vardavas, Constantine I., Fong, Geoffrey T., Glahn, Andrea, Nguyen, Dominick, Nikitara, Katerina, Radu-Loghin, Cornel, Starchenko, Polina, Tsatsakis, Aristidis, Girvalaki, Charis, Igoumenaki, Chryssi, Papadakis, Sophia, Papathanasaki, Aikaterini, Tzatzarakis, Manolis, Vardavas, Alexander I., Bécuwe, Nicolas, Deaconu, Lavinia, Goudet, Sophie, Hanley, Christopher, Rivière, Oscar, Kiss, Judit, Kovacs, Anna Piroska, Castellano, Yolanda, Fu, Marcela, Nogueira, Sarah O., Tigova, Olena, McNeill, Ann, East, Katherine, Hitchman, Sara C., Kahnert, Sarah, Behrakis, Panagiotis, Filippidis, Filippos T., Gratziou, Christina, Katsaounou, Paraskevi, Peleki, Theodosia, Willemsen, Marc, De Vries, Hein, Hummel, Karin, Nagelhout, Gera E., EUREST-PLUS consortium, Gravely, Shannon, Driezen, Pete, Kyriakos, Christina N., Thompson, Mary E., Balmford, James, Demjén, Tibor, Fernández, Esteve, Mons, Ute, Tountas, Yannis, Janik-Koncewicz, Kinga, Zatonski, Witold, Trofor, Antigona C., Vardavas, Constantine I., Fong, Geoffrey T., Glahn, Andrea, Nguyen, Dominick, Nikitara, Katerina, Radu-Loghin, Cornel, Starchenko, Polina, Tsatsakis, Aristidis, Girvalaki, Charis, Igoumenaki, Chryssi, Papadakis, Sophia, Papathanasaki, Aikaterini, Tzatzarakis, Manolis, Vardavas, Alexander I., Bécuwe, Nicolas, Deaconu, Lavinia, Goudet, Sophie, Hanley, Christopher, Rivière, Oscar, Kiss, Judit, Kovacs, Anna Piroska, Castellano, Yolanda, Fu, Marcela, Nogueira, Sarah O., Tigova, Olena, McNeill, Ann, East, Katherine, Hitchman, Sara C., Kahnert, Sarah, Behrakis, Panagiotis, Filippidis, Filippos T., Gratziou, Christina, Katsaounou, Paraskevi, Peleki, Theodosia, Willemsen, Marc, De Vries, Hein, Hummel, Karin, Nagelhout, Gera E., and EUREST-PLUS consortium
- Abstract
Background: Tobacco product packaging is a key part of marketing efforts to make tobacco use appealing. In contrast, large, prominent health warnings are intended to inform individuals about the risks of smoking. In the European Union, since May 2016, the Tobacco Products Directive 2014/40/EU (TPD2) requires tobacco product packages to carry combined health warnings consisting of a picture, a text warning and information on stop smoking services, covering 65% of the front and back of the packages. Methods: Key measures of warning label effectiveness (salience, cognitive reactions and behavioural reaction) before and after implementation of the TPD2, determinants of warning labels’ effectiveness and country differences were examined in a longitudinal sample of 6011 adult smokers from Germany, Greece, Hungary, Poland, Romania and Spain (EUREST-PLUS Project) using longitudinal Generalized Estimating Equations (GEE) models. Results: In the pooled sample, the warning labels’ effectiveness increased significantly over time in terms of salience (adjusted OR ¼ 1.18; 95% CI: 1.03–1.35), while cognitive and behavioural reactions did not show clear increases. Generally, among women, more highly educated smokers and less addicted smokers, the effectiveness of warning labels tended to be higher. Conclusion: We found an increase in salience, but no clear increases for cognitive and behavioural reactions to the new warning labels as required by the TPD2. While it is likely that our study underestimated the impact of the new pictorial warning labels, it provides evidence that health messages on tobacco packaging are more salient when supported by large pictures. .........................................................................................................
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- 2020
11. Do smokers want to protect non-smokers from the harms of second-hand smoke in cars? Findings from the EUREST-PLUS ITC Europe Surveys
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Nogueira, Sarah O., Tigova, Olena, Driezen, Pete, Fu, Marcela, Kyriakos, Christina N., Zatonski, Mateusz, Mons, Ute, Quah, Anne C.K., Demjén, Tibor, Trofor, Antigona C., Przewozniak, Krzysztof, Katsaounou, Paraskevi A., Fong, Geoffrey T., Vardavas, Constantine I., Fernández, Esteve, Glahn, Andrea, Nguyen, Dominick, Nikitara, Katerina, Radu-Loghin, Cornel, Starchenko, Polina, Tsatsakis, Aristidis, Girvalaki, Charis, Igoumenaki, Chryssi, Papadakis, Sophia, Papathanasaki, Aikaterini, Tzatzarakis, Manolis, Vardavas, Alexander I., Bécuwe, Nicolas, Deaconu, Lavinia, Goudet, Sophie, Hanley, Christopher, Rivière, Oscar, Kiss, Judit, Kovacs, Anna Piroska, Castellano, Yolanda, McNeill, Ann, East, Katherine, Hitchman, Sara C., Kahnert, Sarah, Tountas, Yannis, Behrakis, Panagiotis, Filippidis, Filippos T., Gratziou, Christina, Peleki, Theodosia, Petroulia, Ioanna, Tzavara, Chara, Willemsen, Marc, De Vries, Hein, Hummel, Karin, Nagelhout, Gera E., EUREST-PLUS consortium, Nogueira, Sarah O., Tigova, Olena, Driezen, Pete, Fu, Marcela, Kyriakos, Christina N., Zatonski, Mateusz, Mons, Ute, Quah, Anne C.K., Demjén, Tibor, Trofor, Antigona C., Przewozniak, Krzysztof, Katsaounou, Paraskevi A., Fong, Geoffrey T., Vardavas, Constantine I., Fernández, Esteve, Glahn, Andrea, Nguyen, Dominick, Nikitara, Katerina, Radu-Loghin, Cornel, Starchenko, Polina, Tsatsakis, Aristidis, Girvalaki, Charis, Igoumenaki, Chryssi, Papadakis, Sophia, Papathanasaki, Aikaterini, Tzatzarakis, Manolis, Vardavas, Alexander I., Bécuwe, Nicolas, Deaconu, Lavinia, Goudet, Sophie, Hanley, Christopher, Rivière, Oscar, Kiss, Judit, Kovacs, Anna Piroska, Castellano, Yolanda, McNeill, Ann, East, Katherine, Hitchman, Sara C., Kahnert, Sarah, Tountas, Yannis, Behrakis, Panagiotis, Filippidis, Filippos T., Gratziou, Christina, Peleki, Theodosia, Petroulia, Ioanna, Tzavara, Chara, Willemsen, Marc, De Vries, Hein, Hummel, Karin, Nagelhout, Gera E., and EUREST-PLUS consortium
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Background: There is currently no comprehensive legislation protecting non-smokers and children from secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure in private cars at the European Union (EU) level. This study aims to assess smokers’ support for smoke-free cars legislation in six EU countries. Methods: Data come from the EUREST-PLUS ITC Europe Surveys: Wave 1 (2016, n ¼ 6011) and Wave 2 (2018, n ¼ 6027) conducted in Germany, Greece, Hungary, Poland, Romania and Spain. Support for smoke-free cars carrying pre-school children and non-smokers and voluntary implementation of smoke-free cars were assessed among adult smokers. Generalized estimating equations models were used to assess changes in support between waves. Results: In 2018, 96.3% [95% confidence interval (CI) 95.4–97.0%] of the overall sample supported smoke-free legislation for cars carrying pre-school children, representing an increase of 2.4 percentage points in comparison to 2016. Smoke-free legislation for cars transporting non-smokers was supported by 85.2% (95% CI 83.1–87.1%) of smokers’ in 2016 and 90.2% (95% CI 88.6–91.7%) in 2018. Among smokers who owned cars, there was a significant 7.2 percentage points increase in voluntary implementation of smoke-free cars carrying children from 2016 (60.7%, 95% CI 57.2–64.0%) to 2018 (67.9%, 95% CI 65.1–70.5%). All sociodemographic groups of smokers reported support higher than 80% in 2018. Conclusion: The vast majority of smokers in all six EU countries support smoke-free legislation for cars carrying pre-school children and non-smokers. This almost universal support across countries and sociodemographic groups is a clear indicator of a window of opportunity for the introduction of comprehensive legislation to protect non-smokers and children from SHS exposure in cars.
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- 2020
12. Awareness and correlates of noticing changes to cigarette packaging design after implementation of the European Tobacco Products Directive: findings from the EUREST-PLUS ITC Europe Surveys
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Vardavas, Constantine I., Kyriakos, Christina N., Driezen, Pete, Girvalaki, Charis, Nikitara, Katerina, Filippidis, Filippos T., Fernández, Esteve, Mons, Ute, Przewozniak, Krzysztof, Trofor, Antigona C., Demjén, Tibor, Katsaounou, Paraskevi A., Zatonski, Witold, Willemsen, Marc, Fong, Geoffrey T., Glahn, Andrea, Nguyen, Dominick, Radu-Loghin, Cornel, Starchenko, Polina, Tsatsakis, Aristidis, Igoumenaki, Chryssi, Papadakis, Sophia, Papathanasaki, Aikaterini, Tzatzarakis, Manolis, Vardavas, Alexander I., Bécuwe, Nicolas, Deaconu, Lavinia, Goudet, Sophie, Hanley, Christopher, Rivière, Oscar, Kiss, Judit, Kovacs, Anna Piroska, Castellano, Yolanda, Fu, Marcela, Nogueira, Sarah O., Tigova, Olena, McNeill, Ann, East, Katherine, Hitchman, Sara C., Kahnert, Sarah, Tountas, Yannis, Behrakis, Panagiotis, Gratziou, Christina, Katsaounou, Paraskevi, Peleki, Theodosia, Petroulia, Ioanna, Tzavara, Chara, De Vries, Hein, Hummel, Karin, Nagelhout, Gera E., EUREST-PLUS consortium, Vardavas, Constantine I., Kyriakos, Christina N., Driezen, Pete, Girvalaki, Charis, Nikitara, Katerina, Filippidis, Filippos T., Fernández, Esteve, Mons, Ute, Przewozniak, Krzysztof, Trofor, Antigona C., Demjén, Tibor, Katsaounou, Paraskevi A., Zatonski, Witold, Willemsen, Marc, Fong, Geoffrey T., Glahn, Andrea, Nguyen, Dominick, Radu-Loghin, Cornel, Starchenko, Polina, Tsatsakis, Aristidis, Igoumenaki, Chryssi, Papadakis, Sophia, Papathanasaki, Aikaterini, Tzatzarakis, Manolis, Vardavas, Alexander I., Bécuwe, Nicolas, Deaconu, Lavinia, Goudet, Sophie, Hanley, Christopher, Rivière, Oscar, Kiss, Judit, Kovacs, Anna Piroska, Castellano, Yolanda, Fu, Marcela, Nogueira, Sarah O., Tigova, Olena, McNeill, Ann, East, Katherine, Hitchman, Sara C., Kahnert, Sarah, Tountas, Yannis, Behrakis, Panagiotis, Gratziou, Christina, Katsaounou, Paraskevi, Peleki, Theodosia, Petroulia, Ioanna, Tzavara, Chara, De Vries, Hein, Hummel, Karin, Nagelhout, Gera E., and EUREST-PLUS consortium
- Abstract
Background: The European Tobacco Products Directive (TPD), which went into effect in May 2016, regulates packaging design and labelling of cigarettes and roll-your-own (RYO) tobacco. The aim of the current study was to examine whether smokers and recent quitters in six European Union (EU) countries (Germany, Greece, Hungary, Poland, Romania and Spain) reported noticing TPD-related changes to packaging, and correlates of noticing these changes. Methods: Cross-sectional data from the Wave 2 of the ITC 6 European Country Survey in 2018 after implementation of the TPD. Bivariate analyses included adult smokers (n ¼ 5597) and recent quitters (n ¼ 412). Adjusted logistic regression analyses were restricted to the subset of current smokers (n ¼ 5597) and conducted using SAS-callable SUDAAN. Results: Over half of smokers (58.2%) and 30% of quitters noticed at least one of five types of TPD-related pack changes. Over one-quarter of all respondents noticed changes to health warnings (30.0%), standardized openings (27.7%), minimum pack unit size (27.9%), and the removal of tar, nicotine and carbon monoxide information (26.7%) on packaging. Cross-country differences were observed across all measures, with noticing all pack changes markedly lower in Spain than the other countries. Correlates of noticing specific pack changes included sociodemographic characteristics, smoking behaviours and related to packaging. Conclusions: This is one of the first cross-country studies to examine the extent to which TPD changes to cigarette and RYO tobacco packaging are being noticed by smokers and recent quitters. Findings indicate that the majority of smokers noticed at least one type of pack change, but this varied across countries and sub-populations.
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- 2020
13. Impact of the Tobacco Products Directive on self-reported exposure to e-cigarette advertising, promotion and sponsorship in smokers—findings from the EUREST-PLUS ITC Europe Surveys
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Gravely, Shannon, Driezen, Pete, Kyriakos, Christina N., Thompson, Mary E., Balmford, James, Demjén, Tibor, Fernández, Esteve, Mons, Ute, Tountas, Yannis, Janik-Koncewicz, Kinga, Zatonski, Witold, Trofor, Antigona C., Vardavas, Constantine I., Fong, Geoffrey T., Glahn, Andrea, Nguyen, Dominick, Nikitara, Katerina, Radu-Loghin, Cornel, Starchenko, Polina, Tsatsakis, Aristidis, Girvalaki, Charis, Igoumenaki, Chryssi, Papadakis, Sophia, Papathanasaki, Aikaterini, Tzatzarakis, Manolis, Vardavas, Alexander I., Bécuwe, Nicolas, Deaconu, Lavinia, Goudet, Sophie, Hanley, Christopher, Rivière, Oscar, Kiss, Judit, Kovacs, Anna Piroska, Castellano, Yolanda, Fu, Marcela, Nogueira, Sarah O., Tigova, Olena, McNeill, Ann, East, Katherine, Hitchman, Sara C., Kahnert, Sarah, Behrakis, Panagiotis, Filippidis, Filippos T., Gratziou, Christina, Katsaounou, Paraskevi, Peleki, Theodosia, Willemsen, Marc, De Vries, Hein, Hummel, Karin, Nagelhout, Gera E., EUREST-PLUS consortium, Gravely, Shannon, Driezen, Pete, Kyriakos, Christina N., Thompson, Mary E., Balmford, James, Demjén, Tibor, Fernández, Esteve, Mons, Ute, Tountas, Yannis, Janik-Koncewicz, Kinga, Zatonski, Witold, Trofor, Antigona C., Vardavas, Constantine I., Fong, Geoffrey T., Glahn, Andrea, Nguyen, Dominick, Nikitara, Katerina, Radu-Loghin, Cornel, Starchenko, Polina, Tsatsakis, Aristidis, Girvalaki, Charis, Igoumenaki, Chryssi, Papadakis, Sophia, Papathanasaki, Aikaterini, Tzatzarakis, Manolis, Vardavas, Alexander I., Bécuwe, Nicolas, Deaconu, Lavinia, Goudet, Sophie, Hanley, Christopher, Rivière, Oscar, Kiss, Judit, Kovacs, Anna Piroska, Castellano, Yolanda, Fu, Marcela, Nogueira, Sarah O., Tigova, Olena, McNeill, Ann, East, Katherine, Hitchman, Sara C., Kahnert, Sarah, Behrakis, Panagiotis, Filippidis, Filippos T., Gratziou, Christina, Katsaounou, Paraskevi, Peleki, Theodosia, Willemsen, Marc, De Vries, Hein, Hummel, Karin, Nagelhout, Gera E., and EUREST-PLUS consortium
- Abstract
Background: Advertising, promotion and sponsorship of electronic cigarettes (ECAPS) have increased in recent years. Since May 2016, the Tobacco Products Directive 2014/40/EU (TPD2) prohibits ECAPS in various advertising channels, including media that have cross-border effects. The objective of this study was to investigate changes in exposure to ECAPS in a cohort of smokers from six European Union member states after implementation of TPD2. Methods: Self-reported exposure to ECAPS overall and in various media and localities was examined over two International Tobacco Control Policy Evaluation survey waves (2016 and 2018) in a cohort of 6011 adult smokers from Germany, Greece, Hungary, Poland, Romania and Spain (EUREST-PLUS Project) using longitudinal generalized estimating equations models. Results: Self-reported ECAPS exposure at both timepoints varied between countries and across examined advertising channels. Overall, there was a significant increase in ECAPS exposure [adjusted odds ratio (aOR): 1.25, 95% CI: 1.09–1.44]. Between waves, no consistent patterns of change in ECAPS exposure across countries and different media were observed. Generally, ECAPS exposure tended to decline in some channels regulated by TPD2, particularly on television and radio, while exposure tended to increase in some unregulated channels, such as at points of sale. Conclusions: The findings suggest that the TPD2 was generally effective in reducing ECAPS in regulated channels. Nonetheless, further research is warranted to evaluate its role in reducing ECAPS exposure, possibly by triangulation with additional sources of data.
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- 2020
14. Correlates of the support for smoke-free policies among smokers: A cross-sectional study in six European countries of the EUREST-PLUS ITC EUROPE SURVEYS
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Fu, Marcela Castellano, Yolanda Tigova, Olena Mons, Ute and Agar, Thomas Kyriakos, Christina N. Quah, Anne C. K. Fong, Geoffrey T. Trofor, Antigona C. Przewozniak, Krzysztof and Zatonski, Witold A. Demjen, Tibor Tountas, Yannis Vardavas, Constantine I. Fernandez, Esteve Glahn, Andrea Nguyen, Dominick Nikitara, Katerina Radu-Loghin, Cornel Starchenko, Polina Tsatsakis, Aristidis Girvalaki, Charis Igoumenaki, Chryssi Papadakis, Sophia Papathanasaki, Aikaterini and Tzatzarakis, Manolis Vardavas, Alexander I. Becuwe, Nicolas and Deaconu, Lavinia Goudet, Sophie Hanley, Christopher Riviere, Oscar Kiss, Judit Kovacs, Piroska A. Nogueira, Sarah O. and McNeill, Ann East, Katherine Hitchman, Sara C. Kahnert, Sarah Behrakis, Panagiotis Filippidis, Filippos T. Gratziou, Christina Katsaounou, Paraskevi Peleki, Theodosia Petroulia, Ioanna Tzavara, Chara Eremia, Marius Lotrean, Lucia and Mihaltan, Florin Rohde, Gernot Asano, Tamaki Cichon, Claudia and Far, Amy Genton, Celine Jessner, Melanie Hedman, Linnea and Janson, Christer Lindberg, Ann Maguire, Beth Ravara, Sofia Vaccaro, Valerie Ward, Brian Willemsen, Marc de Vries, Hein Hummel, Karin Nagelhout, Gera E. Herbec, Aleksandra Janik-Koncewicz, Kinga Zatonski, Mateusz Agar, Thomas K. Driezen, Pete Gravely, Shannon Thompson, Mary E. and EUREST-PLUS Consortium
- Abstract
INTRODUCTION This report describes the support for smoke-free policies in different settings among smokers in six European countries and the relationship between their opinions about the places where smoking should be banned and their beliefs about the harms of secondhand smoke to non-smokers. METHODS A cross-sectional survey (the ITC 6 European Country Survey, part of the EUREST-PLUS Project) was conducted using nationally representative samples of adult smokers in Germany, Greece, Hungary, Poland, Romania and Spain (n=6011). We describe the prevalence of agreement and support for smoke-free policies in different settings according to sociodemographics, smoking characteristics and beliefs about the danger of secondhand smoke to non-smokers. RESULTS There was high agreement with smoking regulations in cars with preschool children and in schoolyards of primary/secondary schools (>90% overall) and low agreement with banning smoking in outdoor terraces of bars/pubs (8.6%; 95% CI: 7.5%-9.8%) and restaurants (10.1%; 95% CI: 8.9%-11.4%). The highest support for complete smoking bans inside public places came from smokers in Poland, among women, people aged >= 25 years, who had low nicotine dependence, and who tried to quit smoking in the last 12 months. About 78% of participants agreed that tobacco smoke is dangerous to non-smokers, ranging from 63.1% in Hungary to 88.3% in Romania; the highest agreement was noted among women, the 25-54 age groups, those with higher education, low cigarette dependence, and those who tried to quit in the last 12 months. The support for complete smoking bans in public places was consistently higher among smokers who agreed that secondhand smoke is dangerous to non-smokers. CONCLUSIONS Smokers in six European countries declared strong support for smoke-free policies in indoor settings and in settings with minors but low support in outdoor settings, particularly leisure facilities. More education is needed to increase the awareness about the potential exposure to secondhand smoke in specific outdoor areas.
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- 2018
15. Smoking in public places in six European countries: Findings from the EUREST-PLUS ITC Europe Survey
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Fu, Marcela Castellano, Yolanda Tigova, Olena Mons, Ute and Agar, Thomas Kyriakos, Christina N. Trofor, Antigona C. and Quah, Anne C. K. Fong, Geoffrey T. Przewozniak, Krzysztof and Zatonski, Witold A. Demjen, Tibor Tountas, Yannis Vardavas, Constantine I. Fernandez, Esteve Glahn, Andrea Nguyen, Dominick Nikitara, Katerina Radu-Loghin, Cornel Starchenko, Polina Tsatsakis, Aristidis Girvalaki, Charis Igoumenaki, Chryssi Papadakis, Sophia Papathanasaki, Aikaterini and Tzatzarakis, Manolis Vardavas, Alexander I. Becuwe, Nicolas and Deaconu, Lavinia Goudet, Sophie Hanley, Christopher Riviere, Oscar Kiss, Judit Kovacs, Piroska A. Nogueira, Sarah O. and McNeill, Ann East, Katherine Hitchman, Sara C. Kahnert, Sarah Behrakis, Panagiotis Filippidis, Filippos T. Gratziou, Christina Katsaounou, Paraskevi Peleki, Theodosia Petroulia, Ioanna Tzavara, Chara Eremia, Marius Lotrean, Lucia and Mihaltan, Florin Rohde, Gernot Asano, Tamaki Cichon, Claudia and Far, Amy Genton, Celine Jessner, Melanie Hedman, Linnea and Janson, Christer Lindberg, Ann Maguire, Beth Ravara, Sofia Vaccaro, Valerie Ward, Brian Willemsen, Marc de Vries, Hein Hummel, Karin Nagelhout, Gera E. Herbec, Aleksandra Janik-Koncewicz, Kinga Zatonski, Mateusz Agar, Thomas K. Driezen, Pete Gravely, Shannon Thompson, Mary E. and EUREST-PLUS Consortium
- Abstract
INTRODUCTION Surveillance of tobacco consumption in public places is an important measure to evaluate the impact of tobacco control interventions over time. The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of smoking as seen by smokers and their smoking behaviour in public places, in six European countries. METHODS We used baseline data of the International Tobacco Control Six European countries (ITC 6E) Survey, part of the EUREST-PLUS Project, conducted in 2016 in national representative samples of about 1000 adult smokers aged 18 years and older in Germany, Greece, Hungary, Poland, Romania and Spain. For each setting (workplaces, restaurants, bars/pubs and discos) participants were asked whether they had seen someone smoking during their last visit there and whether they too had smoked there. We report the overall and by-country weighted prevalence of seeing someone smoking and the smokers’ own smoking behaviour at each setting. We also assess the relationship between seeing someone smoking and smoking themselves at these settings. RESULTS The prevalence of smoking as seen by smokers was 18.8% at workplaces, with high variability among countries (from 4.7% in Hungary to 40.8% in Greece). Among smokers visiting leisure facilities in the last year, during their last visit 22.7% had seen someone smoking inside restaurants and 12.2% had smoked themselves there, while for bars/pubs the corresponding prevalences were 33.9% and 20.4%, and inside discos 44.8% and 34.8%. CONCLUSIONS Smoking is still prevalent at leisure facilities, particularly at discos in Europe, with high variability among countries. More extensive awareness campaigns and stricter enforcement are needed to increase the compliance of smokefree regulations, especially in leisure facilities.
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- 2018
16. Receiving support to quit smoking and quit attempts among smokers with and without smoking related diseases : Findings from the EUREST-PLUS ITC Europe Surveys
- Author
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Hedman, Linnea, Katsaounou, Paraskevi A., Filippidis, Filippos T., Ravara, Sofia B., Lindberg, Anne, Janson, Christer, Gratziou, Christina, Rohde, Gernot, Kyriakos, Christina N., Mons, Ute, Fernandez, Esteve, Trofor, Antigona C., Demjen, Tibor, Przewozniak, Krzysztof, Tountas, Yannis, Fong, Geoffrey T., Vardavas, Constantine I., Glahn, Andrea, Nguyen, Dominick, Nikitara, Katerina, Radu-Loghin, Cornel, Starchenko, Polina, Tsatsakis, Aristidis, Girvalaki, Charis, Igoumenaki, Chryssi, Papadakis, Sophia, Papathanasaki, Aikaterini, Tzatzarakis, Manolis, Vardavas, Alexander I., Becuwe, Nicolas, Deaconu, Lavinia, Goudet, Sophie, Hanley, Christopher, Riviere, Oscar, Kiss, Judit, Kovacs, Piroska A., Castellano, Yolanda, Fu, Marcela, Nogueira, Sarah O., Tigova, Olena, McNeill, Ann, East, Katherine, Hitchman, Sara C., Kahnert, Sarah, Behrakis, Panagiotis, Katsaounou, Paraskevi, Peleki, Theodosia, Petroulia, Ioanna, Tzavara, Chara, Eremia, Marius, Lotrean, Lucia, Mihaltan, Florin, Asano, Tamaki, Cichon, Claudia, Far, Amy, Genton, Celine, Jessner, Melanie, Lindberg, Ann, Maguire, Beth, Ravara, Sofia, Vaccaro, Valerie, Ward, Brian, Willemsen, Marc, de Vries, Hein, Hummel, Karin, Nagelhout, Gera E., Zatonski, Witold A., Herbec, Aleksandra, Janik-Koncewicz, Kinga, Zatonski, Mateusz, Agar, Thomas K., Driezen, Pete, Gravely, Shannon, Quah, Anne C. K., Thompson, Mary E., Hedman, Linnea, Katsaounou, Paraskevi A., Filippidis, Filippos T., Ravara, Sofia B., Lindberg, Anne, Janson, Christer, Gratziou, Christina, Rohde, Gernot, Kyriakos, Christina N., Mons, Ute, Fernandez, Esteve, Trofor, Antigona C., Demjen, Tibor, Przewozniak, Krzysztof, Tountas, Yannis, Fong, Geoffrey T., Vardavas, Constantine I., Glahn, Andrea, Nguyen, Dominick, Nikitara, Katerina, Radu-Loghin, Cornel, Starchenko, Polina, Tsatsakis, Aristidis, Girvalaki, Charis, Igoumenaki, Chryssi, Papadakis, Sophia, Papathanasaki, Aikaterini, Tzatzarakis, Manolis, Vardavas, Alexander I., Becuwe, Nicolas, Deaconu, Lavinia, Goudet, Sophie, Hanley, Christopher, Riviere, Oscar, Kiss, Judit, Kovacs, Piroska A., Castellano, Yolanda, Fu, Marcela, Nogueira, Sarah O., Tigova, Olena, McNeill, Ann, East, Katherine, Hitchman, Sara C., Kahnert, Sarah, Behrakis, Panagiotis, Katsaounou, Paraskevi, Peleki, Theodosia, Petroulia, Ioanna, Tzavara, Chara, Eremia, Marius, Lotrean, Lucia, Mihaltan, Florin, Asano, Tamaki, Cichon, Claudia, Far, Amy, Genton, Celine, Jessner, Melanie, Lindberg, Ann, Maguire, Beth, Ravara, Sofia, Vaccaro, Valerie, Ward, Brian, Willemsen, Marc, de Vries, Hein, Hummel, Karin, Nagelhout, Gera E., Zatonski, Witold A., Herbec, Aleksandra, Janik-Koncewicz, Kinga, Zatonski, Mateusz, Agar, Thomas K., Driezen, Pete, Gravely, Shannon, Quah, Anne C. K., and Thompson, Mary E.
- Abstract
INTRODUCTION Having a chronic disease either caused or worsened by tobacco smoking does not always translate into quitting smoking. Although smoking cessation is one of the most cost-effective medical interventions, it remains poorly implemented in healthcare settings. The aim was to examine whether smokers with chronic and respiratory diseases were more likely to receive support to quit smoking by a healthcare provider or make a quit attempt than smokers without these diseases. METHODS This population-based study included a sample of 6011 adult smokers in six European countries. The participants were interviewed face-to-face and asked questions on sociodemographic characteristics, current diagnoses for chronic diseases, healthcare visits in the last 12 months and, if so, whether they had received any support to quit smoking. Questions on smoking behavior included nicotine dependence, motivation to quit smoking and quit attempts in the last 12 months. The results are presented as weighted percentages with 95% confidence intervals (CI) and as adjusted odds ratios with 95% CI based on logistic regression analyses. RESULTS Smokers with chronic respiratory disease, those aged 55 years and older, as well as those with one or more chronic diseases were more likely to receive smoking cessation advice from a healthcare professional. Making a quit attempt in the last year was related to younger age, high educational level, higher motivation to quit, lower nicotine dependence and having received advice to quit from a healthcare professional but not with having chronic diseases. There were significant differences between countries with smokers in Romania consistently reporting more support to quit as well as quit attempts. CONCLUSIONS Although smokers with respiratory disease did indeed receive smoking cessation support more often than smokers without disease, many smokers did not receive any advice or support to quit during a healthcare visit.
- Published
- 2018
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