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1. Digital Technologies Applied to Control the One-Step Process of Cannabis Olive Oil Preparations

Author

Paolo Bongiorno, Antonio Lopalco, Antonella Casiraghi, Antonio Spennacchio, Alessandro Pitruzzella, Angela Assunta Lopedota, Paola Minghetti, and Nunzio Denora

Subjects
Cannabis sativa L., olive oil formulation, extraction, decarboxylation, cannabinoids, terpenes, Pharmacy and materia medica, RS1-441
Abstract

The reproducibility of an extemporaneous preparation is an essential condition for guaranteeing the quality, efficacy, and safety of the medicinal product. This study aimed to develop a controlled one-step process for cannabis olive oil preparations by applying digital technologies. For this purpose, the chemical profile of cannabinoid contents in oil extracts of Bedrocan, FM2, and Pedanios varieties obtained with the already in use method, proposed by the Italian Society of Compounding Pharmacists (SIFAP), was compared with two new methods, specifically the Tolotto Gear® extraction method (TGE) and the Tolotto Gear® extraction method preceded by a pre-extraction procedure (TGE-PE). HPLC analyses showed that the concentration of THC using cannabis flos with a high THC content (over 20% w/w) was always higher than 21 mg/mL for the Bedrocan variety and close to 20 mg/mL for the Pedanios variety when applying TGE, while with TGE-PE, the THC concentration was higher than 23 mg/mL for the Bedrocan variety. For the FM2 variety, the amounts of THC and CBD in the oil formulations obtained using TGE were higher than 7 mg/mL and 10 mg/mL, respectively, and for TGE-PE, the concentrations of THC and CBD were higher than 7 mg/mL and 12 mg/mL, respectively. GC-MS analyses were performed to define the terpene contents in the oil extracts. The samples of Bedrocan flos extracted with TGE-PE displayed a distinctive profile, highly rich in terpenes and devoid of oxidized volatile products. Thus, TGE and TGE-PE allowed performing a quantitative extraction of cannabinoids and increasing the total mono-di-tri terpenes and sesquiterpene concentrations. The methods were repeatable and applicable to any quantity of raw material, preserving the phytocomplex of the plant.

Published
2023
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2. Contents, Vol. 60, 1992

Author

Toshio Morohoshi, Fulvia Caligaris, Martinez Camps, Deborah Zemer, Yoshihiko Kaguchi, Mohamed R. Daha, Tekin Akpolat, K.A.S. Kumar, K.-H. Rahn, Ünal Yasavul, Tomas Jogestrand, E. Sanchez-Casado, Kai-shen Chao, Itsuo Nishioka, Avi Livneh, S. Oshima, Naomi Clyne, Marina D’Amicone, Shigetake Sasayama, Y. Oshikawa, Z. Hruby, Masanobu Takata, Goro Tokutome, Toshio Shinoda, J. Ortuño, Osman Özcebe, J.L. Teruel, Takako Yokozawa, W. Zidek, R. Ahmad, Yu Tai Chang, Takashi Yamada, Jarle Ofstad, R. Robles, Mordechai Pras, T. Oda, Bjarne M. Iversen, J.F. Esparrago, Bruno Siegal, Tetsutaro Mizukami, Kyoto Kino, K.-H. Neumann, Cetin Turgan, A. Tourkantonis, J.L. Pizarro, Yousef Katawee, J. Kuzniar, N. Yoshizawa, N. Yano, Gen-ichiro Nonaka, Aldo Arnaud, J.-C. Davin, Marco Manganaro, Toshihide Shirota, Caterina Canavese, Osamu Sakai, Salim K. Mujais, B. Slesak, R. Yu, F. Liaño, H. Sakai, K. Eguchi, M. Endoh, Mario Bonomini, P Alivanis, L. Gurioli, A.W.C. Kung, Kuo-hsiung Shu, Semra Dündar, Yuan-san Lu, Paolo Bongiorno, F. Caravaca, M. Karamouzis, I.K.P. Cheng, T.M. Chan, P.R. Mahieu, W. Kopeć, Giorgio Mattiello, Haruo Tomonari, Hikokichi Oura, K.W. Chan, Shozo Koshikawa, Horst Klinkmann, N. Imazeki, M. Miyazaki, Doñate Cubells, J. Rabczyński, Masuo Fujita, Joy L. Logan, Rousaud Baron, D. Wendycz, M.T. Naya, Y. Nomoto, Paolo Gabella, Masafumi Katakura, Michele Bruno, Duu-yih Tsai, Ingegjerd Sekse, Jong-da Lian, Sali Caglar, M. Arrobas, J. Smyth, Kunihiro Nabeshima, Raffaele Pellerito, Tae Woong Lee, A. Takeuchi, Shen-huey Lee, T. Kuramoto, Bruno Torchio, Roger Cardelli, Wen-iuan Chiu, Turgay Arinsoy, P. McClelland, Martinez Garcia, P. Nikolaidis, Takao Hashimoto, Z. Szewczyk, Chika Entani, Franco Linari, I. Fahal, Satoru Kuriyama, Tej K. Mattoo, Oktay Özdemir, Chi-hung Chen, Koji Nakamura, N. Mehring, J.J. Cubero, Peter Ivanovich, I. Santos, Arie Laor, Y. Fuse, K.S.L. Lam, Mitsuhiro Asaka, A. Seno, M. Yagame, Bryant Benson, Kiyoshi Izumino, Nurol Arik, Masashi Sato, Tom Aizawa, Tsutomu Hirano, Hiroyuki Iida, Ezra Sohar, Maurizio Marchiori, H. Niwa, T. Kubota, Y. Akashi, J. Pascual, Hideo Arakura, D. Grekas, M. Yaqoob, J. Verbov, Rodá Comamala, and Shin-ya Kobayashi

Subjects
Traditional medicine, business.industry, Medicine, business
Published
1992
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3. Kinetics of aluminoxamine and feroxamine chelates in dialysis patients

Author

Maurizio Marchiori, Aldo Arnaud, Paolo Bongiorno, Caterina Canavese, Marina D’Amicone, Giorgio Mattiello, Roger Cardelli, Fulvia Caligaris, and L. Gurioli

Subjects
Aluminoxamine, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.medical_treatment, Iron, Kinetics, Pharmacology, Deferoxamine, Dialysis patients, Renal Dialysis, medicine, Organometallic Compounds, Humans, Chelation, Aged, Chelating Agents, Uremia, Feroxamine, business.industry, Middle Aged, Surgery, Hemodialysis, business, medicine.drug, Aluminum
Abstract

To achieve a rational basis for the use of deferoxamine (DFO) in aluminum (AL) -and iron (Fe)-overloaded uremic patients, important insights may be provided by the recently available micromethods to determine DFO and its metallochelates aluminoxamine (AlA) and feroxamine (FeA). With this procedure, AlA and FeA plasma kinetics were evaluated in a pilot study in 10 uremic patients during a whole week after a single DFO infusion performed during the first hour of the first standard bicarbonate hemodialysis (HD) of the week. Patients were divided into normal (n = 6) and high (n = 4) ferritin groups (1 and 2 respectively). Baseline Al concentrations were greater than 2 less than 6 in group 1 and less than 1.5 mumol/l in group 2. DFO was given at doses of 40, 20 and 10 mg/kg. AlA and FeA showed substantially different kinetics. AlA kinetics were similar in group 1 and 2: they reached their peak at the beginning of the 2nd HD, decreased during the 2nd and 3rd HD, and with the highest DFO dose still increased between the 2nd and 3rd HD. At similar pre-DFO Al values (greater than 2 less than 3.3 mumol/l), increased DFO doses produced increased AlA concentrations ranging from 95 to 40% of total plasma Al for all the week. At higher pre-DFO Al values (greater than 3.5 less than 6 mumol/l), even a DFO dose as low as 10 mg/kg was sufficient to form consistent AlA amounts (from 80 to 15% of total Al).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Published
1992

4. Subject Index, Vol. 60, 1992

Author

R. Yu, Osman Özcebe, Paolo Gabella, K.A.S. Kumar, Martinez Camps, J.L. Pizarro, Caterina Canavese, M. Miyazaki, Tetsutaro Mizukami, K.-H. Neumann, Tom Aizawa, Mohamed R. Daha, Tekin Akpolat, I. Fahal, W. Kopeć, Gen-ichiro Nonaka, Chi-hung Chen, N. Imazeki, Haruo Tomonari, J. Kuzniar, T.M. Chan, M.T. Naya, P.R. Mahieu, Turgay Arinsoy, Duu-yih Tsai, P. McClelland, Shen-huey Lee, Yousef Katawee, M. Endoh, M. Karamouzis, Aldo Arnaud, L. Gurioli, A.W.C. Kung, Ezra Sohar, I.K.P. Cheng, P Alivanis, Giorgio Mattiello, S. Oshima, Naomi Clyne, Nurol Arik, Mario Bonomini, J. Verbov, Rodá Comamala, N. Yoshizawa, Z. Szewczyk, Tej K. Mattoo, Masanobu Takata, Horst Klinkmann, Shin-ya Kobayashi, J. Rabczyński, H. Sakai, Takashi Yamada, Takako Yokozawa, J.-C. Davin, Masuo Fujita, Kuo-hsiung Shu, Doñate Cubells, Yuan-san Lu, Shozo Koshikawa, J.L. Teruel, T. Kubota, T. Kuramoto, Cetin Turgan, A. Tourkantonis, Kai-shen Chao, H. Niwa, Koji Nakamura, Itsuo Nishioka, J. Pascual, Y. Nomoto, Bjarne M. Iversen, Takao Hashimoto, Goro Tokutome, Toshio Morohoshi, Masashi Sato, Franco Linari, Avi Livneh, Marina D’Amicone, Yu Tai Chang, Masafumi Katakura, Kunihiro Nabeshima, Jong-da Lian, Sali Caglar, Hiroyuki Iida, N. Yano, Fulvia Caligaris, Tae Woong Lee, Shigetake Sasayama, Jarle Ofstad, K.W. Chan, R. Robles, Martinez Garcia, Mordechai Pras, P. Nikolaidis, Joy L. Logan, Y. Oshikawa, Ingegjerd Sekse, Tomas Jogestrand, Z. Hruby, Deborah Zemer, Kyoto Kino, Bruno Torchio, Roger Cardelli, Michele Bruno, K.-H. Rahn, Ünal Yasavul, Toshihide Shirota, K. Eguchi, Satoru Kuriyama, A. Takeuchi, I. Santos, J. Ortuño, Tsutomu Hirano, R. Ahmad, Y. Fuse, Hideo Arakura, D. Grekas, Oktay Özdemir, Maurizio Marchiori, Osamu Sakai, Toshio Shinoda, Semra Dündar, J.J. Cubero, Bruno Siegal, Arie Laor, Y. Akashi, Peter Ivanovich, M. Yagame, N. Mehring, K.S.L. Lam, A. Seno, Mitsuhiro Asaka, M. Arrobas, J. Smyth, M. Yaqoob, Wen-iuan Chiu, Bryant Benson, Kiyoshi Izumino, Paolo Bongiorno, F. Caravaca, Rousaud Baron, Raffaele Pellerito, W. Zidek, E. Sanchez-Casado, Yoshihiko Kaguchi, Hikokichi Oura, Chika Entani, T. Oda, J.F. Esparrago, Marco Manganaro, Salim K. Mujais, B. Slesak, F. Liaño, and D. Wendycz

Subjects
Index (economics), business.industry, Statistics, Medicine, Subject (documents), business
Published
1992
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5. Digital Technologies Applied to Control the One-Step Process of Cannabis Olive Oil Preparations.

Author

Bongiorno P, Lopalco A, Casiraghi A, Spennacchio A, Pitruzzella A, Lopedota AA, Minghetti P, and Denora N

Abstract

The reproducibility of an extemporaneous preparation is an essential condition for guaranteeing the quality, efficacy, and safety of the medicinal product. This study aimed to develop a controlled one-step process for cannabis olive oil preparations by applying digital technologies. For this purpose, the chemical profile of cannabinoid contents in oil extracts of Bedrocan, FM2, and Pedanios varieties obtained with the already in use method, proposed by the Italian Society of Compounding Pharmacists (SIFAP), was compared with two new methods, specifically the Tolotto Gear ® extraction method (TGE) and the Tolotto Gear ® extraction method preceded by a pre-extraction procedure (TGE-PE). HPLC analyses showed that the concentration of THC using cannabis flos with a high THC content (over 20% w / w ) was always higher than 21 mg/mL for the Bedrocan variety and close to 20 mg/mL for the Pedanios variety when applying TGE, while with TGE-PE, the THC concentration was higher than 23 mg/mL for the Bedrocan variety. For the FM2 variety, the amounts of THC and CBD in the oil formulations obtained using TGE were higher than 7 mg/mL and 10 mg/mL, respectively, and for TGE-PE, the concentrations of THC and CBD were higher than 7 mg/mL and 12 mg/mL, respectively. GC-MS analyses were performed to define the terpene contents in the oil extracts. The samples of Bedrocan flos extracted with TGE-PE displayed a distinctive profile, highly rich in terpenes and devoid of oxidized volatile products. Thus, TGE and TGE-PE allowed performing a quantitative extraction of cannabinoids and increasing the total mono-di-tri terpenes and sesquiterpene concentrations. The methods were repeatable and applicable to any quantity of raw material, preserving the phytocomplex of the plant.

Published
2023
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