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Lobster (Panulirus spp.) merupakan salah satu komoditi unggulan yang bernilai ekonomis tinggi, sehingga menjadi salah satu target tangkapan nelayan. Seiring berjalannya waktu permintaan tidak hanya untuk keperluan konsumsi saja, tetapi juga mencakup benih (Puerulus). Tingginya permintaan dan harga dikhawatirkan akan mengancam keberlanjutan sumberdaya, karena semakin memicu upaya penangkapan. Menyikapi kondisi tersebut, pemerintah membatasi ukuran penangkapan dengan mengeluarkan PERMENKP No.56/2016. Namun pada tahun 2020 aturan tersebut di ganti dengan PERMENKP No.12/2020 yang memberikan izin terhadap penangkapan Puerulus. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu menganalisis keberlanjutan pengelolaan lobster pasca moratorium kegiatan penangkapan Puerulus di Kecamatan Cidaun Kabupaten Cianjur. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu mix method dengan penentuan jumlah sampel menggunakan Slovin dengan jumlah 79 orang nelayan. Data yang terkumpul dianalisis menggunakan MDS dengan pendekatan Rapfish. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa berdasarkan dimensi ekologi, sosial, teknologi serta hukum dan kelembagaan status pengelolaan sumber daya Lobster di perairan Kecamatan Cidaun Kabupaten Cianjur berada pada kategori kurang berkelanjutan, sementara berdasarkan dimensi ekonomi tergolong kategori cukup berkelanjutan.

International audience; Spiny lobsters (Panulirus longipes, P. penicillatus and P. versicolor) are an important resource in Seychelles, where they inhabit coastal carbonate and granite reefs that have been impacted by multiple coral bleaching events over the past two decades. Little is known about their biology and ecology in this region. Interspecific competition for food resources was previously suggested, but no quantitative data on the diet of spiny lobsters were available. Using carbon and nitrogen stable isotope compositions and fatty acid profiles of three spiny lobster species and their potential prey, a Bayesian mixing model for diet estimation was applied to compare the diet proportions of spiny lobsters among species and between reef types (carbonate and granite reefs). Model outputs suggested the three lobster species consume mainly crustaceans (Anomoura hermit crabs; half of the diet), then Echinoidea (sea urchins), algae and molluscs. P. versicolor was found to consume slightly more molluscs and algae than the two other studied species, which was consistent with its lower trophic level (2.4 vs 2.8 for the two other species). Trophic level did not increase with carapace length of spiny lobsters, but large individuals had higher carbon isotopic values suggesting that they might feed closer to the coast or more on detritus feeders than their smaller congeners. Diets of spiny lobsters were fairly similar between carbonateand granite reefs, except that lobster inhabiting granite reefs consumed more sea urchins. While our overall findings were consistent with gut contents of Panulirus spp. from other world regions, they should be confirmed, as the discrimination of several prey based on trophic tracers was low, which increased mixing model uncertainty.

BEZERRA, M. A.; FURTADO NETO, M. A. de A.; FONTELES FILHO, A. A. Experimentos sobre a chance de escape de lagostas do gênero Panulirus, capturadas por cangalha. Arquivos de Ciências do Mar, Fortaleza, v. 46, n. 2, p. 5-12, dez. 2013. Research is an important evaluation tool for use in the management of fish stocks. Oral reports obtained by the authors with continued and widespread complaints by those involved in the production chain, from fishermen to exporters, about fixing the mesh size of traps intended for lobster fishing and lack of access to technical advice which determined this size, justified the present study. The database for this research work was obtained at a lobster outlet located on Redonda Beach, Icapuí county, Ceará State in the period from July to August, 2010. The main lobster landing sites are the beaches of Ponta Grossa, Redonda and Peroba, on the same county. Out of a total 208 collected individuals, 60 belonged to species Panulirus laevicauda, of which 30 were females and 30 males, and 148 belonged to species Panulirus argus, of which 64 were females and 84 males. The fishing trips were performed by artisanal sailing boats which operated with 30 to 60 cangalhas (two-entrance traps) per vessel. The pertinent information included: i) number of individuals per species and sex; ii) carapace length, in cm (distance between the anterior margin of the carapace, in the slot formed by rostral thorns until its rear end); iii) number of the grid and the trap’s correspondent mesh size, in cm The average sizes of the grid were as follows: 5.3 ± 0.88 cm (CV females; 5.12 ± 0.95 (CV male); 6.63 ± 1.62 (V female); 7.18 ± 1.93 cm (V male). The smallest mesh used was the same for the two lobster species, namely 4.1 cm, but the maximum ones differed: 6.4 cm for both sexes of P. laevicauda, and 9.1 cm for females and 12.5 cm for males of P. argus. Taking one same mesh size of mesh for both species, the males showed carapace lengths bigger than females. The larger the size of the mesh, minor was the variation between species for both females and males. In the case of females, there was a reversal from 6 cm of the screen, in which CV has become greater. Females of both species showed greater variation than males until the mesh size of 5 cm. From 5 cm, males showed greater variation than females. For mesh size of 4.5 cm, red lobsters had the average length of the cephalothorax (CC) for both sexes of 7.7 cm, thus close to the 7.5 cm legal size. A pesquisa é um importante instrumento de avaliação para uso na gestão dos recursos pesqueiros. Relatos orais obtidos pelo(s) autor(es) acerca de reclamações continuadas e generalizadas dos envolvidos na cadeia produtiva, desde pescadores aos exportadores, sobre a fixação do tamanho da malha das armadilhas destinada à pesca de lagosta e a falta de acesso ao parecer técnico, justificaram o presente trabalho. Os dados dos exemplares que serviram como fundamentos para este trabalho foram coletados em um ponto de entrega (barracão) na praia de Redonda, município de Icapuí, estado do Ceará, nos meses de julho e agosto de 2010. Os locais de desembarque foram as praias de Ponta Grossa, Redonda e Peroba. Do total de 208 lagostas examinadas, 60 eram da espécie Panulirus laevicauda, sendo 30 fêmeas e 30 machos, e 148 da espécie Panulirus argus, sendo 64 fêmeas e 84 machos. As pescarias foram realizadas por embarcações artesanais do tipo bote-a-vela que operaram com 30 a 60 cangalhas (covo retangular com duas aberturas) por embarcação. As informações coletadas foram: i) número de indivíduos por espécie e sexo; ii) comprimento do cefalotórax-CC, em cm (distância entre a margem anterior do cefalotórax, no entalhe formado entre os espinhos rostrais, até sua extremidade posterior); iii) número da grade e o correspondente valor da malha distendida da cangalha, em cm. Os tamanhos médios da grade foram: com 5,3 ± 0,88 cm (CV fêmea); 5,12 cm ± 0,95 cm (CV macho); 6,63 ± 1,62 cm (V fêmea); e 7,18 ± 1,93 cm (V macho). Para o mesmo tamanho de malha da tela em ambas as espécies, os machos apresentaram comprimentos do cefalotórax maior que as fêmeas. A menor malha utilizada (4,1 cm) foi igual para as duas espécies, mas os valores máximos diferiram: 6,4 cm para ambos os sexos da lagosta P. laevicauda, e 9,1 cm e 12,5 para fêmeas e machos da lagosta P. argus. Quanto maior o tamanho da malha, menor a variação entre as espécies, mas no caso das fêmeas, houve uma inversão a partir de 6,0 cm de tela, em que a espécie cabo-verde passou a ser maior. As fêmeas têm variação maior que os machos até o tamanho da tela de 5 cm, a partir do qual ocorre uma inversão. No tamanho da tela de 4,5 cm, o comprimento médio do cefalotórax da lagosta vermelha para ambos os sexos seria 7,7 cm, sendo 7,6 cm para fêmeas e 7,8 cm para machos, e muito próximos do valor de 7,5 cm determinado pela legislação.

Aktivitas budidaya pembesaran lobster masih mengandalkan benih hasil tangkapan dari alam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan observasi kelimpahan benih lobster, Panulirus spp. di perairan Teluk Gerupuk, Lombok Tengah, Nusa Tenggara Barat, terkait dengan fluktuasi kualitas perairan secara spasial dan temporal. Data yang dikumpulkan mencakup kondisi kualitas perairan, kelimpahan benih lobster, dan total benih lobster hasil tangkapan di Teluk Gerupuk. Sebanyak sepuluh stasiun pengamatan kelimpahan lobster dan kualitas perairan disebar secara merata di lokasi penelitian. Pengamatan kelimpahan benih lobster menggunakan kolektor benih lobster yang dikenal dengan ‘pocong’, sedangkan data total tangkapan benih lobster diperoleh dari pengumpul di lokasi penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebaran kelimpahan benih lobster tertinggi ditemukan di perairan sekitar Desa Gerupuk dan Desa Bumbang, yaitu berkisar 22-101 ekor/stasiun selama masa penelitian. Lokasi tersebut memiliki karakteristik perairan yang relatif terlindung, dangkal, kekeruhan tinggi, dan dasar perairan pasir berlumpur. Secara temporal, puncak kelimpahan benih lobster tertinggi terjadi pada bulan Juni-Juli yaitu antar 83-142 ekor/bulan selama masa penelitian, dan data kelimpahan tersebut menunjukkan pola yang relatif sama dengan data hasil tangkapan benih oleh masyarakat. Saat ini, dukungan pengembangan teknologi budidaya lobster sangat diperlukan, khususnya teknologi pembesaran untuk meningkatkan nilai ekonomis benih lobster hasil tangkapan, dan teknologi pembenihan untuk menjaga ketersediaan benih lobster di alam dan mendukung budidaya lobster secara berkelanjutan.

"Se analiza la estructura por especiel sexo y tallas, y el estado reproductivo de las hembras de langostas capturadas durante la temporada de pesca de mlio 1992 a febrero 1993 en Puerto Morelos, Quintana Roo, en el Caribe mexicano. De un total de 3,549 colas de langosta muestreadas, el 93.9% correspondió a Panulirus argus, el 5.96% a P. guttatus y el 0.14% a P. laevicauda. Se midió la longitud abdominal (LA) de todos los e.jemplares. Los datos de P. argus y P. guttatus se transformaron a longitud cefalotorácica (LC) a partir de ecuaciones de regresión obtenidas con ejemplares completos. La proporción de sexos de P. argus fue cercana a la unidad. En ambos sexos, la muestra total presento una moda en 140-150 mm LA. La talla media mensual fue inferior en los cuatro primeros meses de la temporada de pesca que en los cuatro restantes. Estas diferencias parecen deberse a cambios en las localidades de pesca, en un gradiente de sur a norte, a lo largo de la temporada, aunque no se descarta una posible influencia de la migración masiva invernal de langostas en zonas más al norte de Puerto Morelos. Se registraron hembras ovígeras durante todos los meses, con el mayor porcentaje en febrero (22.6) y un pico menor en agosto y septiembre. La hembra ovígera más pequeña midió 130 mm LA (67.8 mm LC), pero la mayoría de las hembras en este estado se encontraron a partir de los l60- 170 mm LA (90-95 mm LC). La proporción de sexos de P. guttatus presentó un sesgo hacia los machos, de I .7: 1. La talla media se ubicó en 128 mm LA (71.3 mm LC). También se encontraron hembras ovígeras de esta especie todos los meses. Se comparan los resultados con los registrados por diversos autores en otras localidades."