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Childhood sport participation is associated with physical, social, and mental health benefits, which are more likely to be realized if the sport environment is safe. However, our understanding of children’s experience of psychological, physical, and sexual violence in community sport in Australia is limited. The aims of this study were to provide preliminary evidence on the extent of experiences of violence during childhood participation in Australian community sport and to identify common perpetrators of and risk factors for violence. The Violence Towards Athletes Questionnaire (VTAQ) was administered online to a convenience sample of Australian adults (>18 years), retrospectively reporting experiences of violence during childhood community sport. Frequencies of experience of violence were calculated and Chi-square tests were conducted to determine differences between genders. In total, there were 886 respondents included in the analysis. Most survey respondents were women (63%) and about a third were men (35%). About 82% of respondents experienced violence in sport as a child. Psychological violence was most prevalent (76%), followed by physical (66%) and sexual (38%) violence. Peers perpetrated the highest rates of psychological violence (69%), and the rates of physical and psychological violence by coaches (both >50%) were also high. Age, sexual orientation, disability, and hours of weekly sport participation as a child were all associated with childhood experience of violence in sport. The rates of interpersonal violence against children in sport were high. This novel data on perpetrators of the violence and the risk factors for experiencing violence provides further context to inform safeguarding strategies in sport. A national prevalence study is recommended to advance our understanding of the childhood experiences of violence in Australian sport.

W artykule przedstawiono ofertę usług informacyjnych i komunikacyjnych Biblioteki Głównej Akademii Marynarki Wojennej w Gdyni oraz możliwości ich wykorzystania w procesie kształcenia. Przybliżono termin kultury i przestrzeni informacyjnej. Zaprezentowano rozwój zasobów informacyjnych – zarówno tych tradycyjnych (drukowanych), jak i elektronicznych – oraz ukazano potrzeby i wymagania odbiorców informacji, jakim musi sprostać współczesna biblioteka akademicka. Ponadto publikacja zawiera opis rodzajów zasobów informacyjnych, narzędzi usprawniających korzystanie z nich oraz technik komunikowania się na linii biblioteka – jej użytkownik. W artykule przybliżono zagadnienie bibliometrii i analizy bibliometrycznej. W drugiej części omówiono działalność bibliometryczną w Akademii Marynarki Wojennej im. Bohaterów Westerplatte w Gdyni. Analiza bibliometryczna służy do oceny działalności naukowej i badawczej danej uczelni oraz zatrudnionych w niej pracowników, {"references":["Rozporządzenie Ministra Nauki i Szkolnictwa Wyższego z dnia 20 września 2018 r. w sprawie pomocy de minimis w ramach programu \"Wsparcie dla czasopism naukowych\" (Dz. U. z 2018 r., poz. 1832);","Rozporządzenie Ministra Nauki i Szkolnictwa Wyższego z dnia 22 lutego 2019 r. w sprawie ewaluacji jakości działalności naukowej (Dz. U. z 2019 r., poz. 392);","Rozporządzenie Ministra Nauki i Szkolnictwa Wyższego z dnia 7 listopada 2018 r. w sprawie sporządzania wykazów wydawnictw monografii naukowych oraz czasopism naukowych i recenzowanych materiałów z konferencji międzynarodowych (Dz. U. z 2018 r., poz. 2152);","Ustawa z dnia 14 marca 2003 r. o stopniach naukowych i tytule naukowym oraz o stopniach i tytule w zakresie sztuki (Dz. U. z 2003 r. Nr 65, poz. 595)","Ustawa z dnia 20 lipca 2018 r. – Prawo o szkolnictwie wyższym i nauce (Dz. U. z 2018 r., poz. 1668);","Ustawa z dnia 27 lipca 2005 r. – Prawo o szkolnictwie wyższym (Dz. U. z 2005 r. Nr 164, poz. 1365);","Ustawa z dnia 17 lipca 1998 r. o pożyczkach i kredytach studenckich (Dz. U. z 1998 r. Nr 108, poz. 685);","Ustawa z dnia 3 lipca 2018 r. – Przepisy wprowadzające ustawę Prawo o szkolnictwie wyższym i nauce (Dz. U. z 2018 r., poz. 1669);","Ustawa z dnia 30 kwietnia 2010 r. o zasadach finansowania nauki (Dz. U. z 2010 r. Nr 96, poz. 615).","Babik W., Biblioteki akademickie w Polsce – czy początek nowej ery?, [w:] Biblioteki akademickie: w środowisku naukowym, we wspólnocie uniwersyteckiej, w społeczności lokalnej, red. W. Juszczak, Toruń 2016;","Buzdygan D., Górski M. M., Jak biblioteka może wspierać reputację naukową uczonych i zespołów badawczych, [w:] Biblioteka w społeczeństwie wiedzy. Informacja, edukacja, profesjonalizm. Konferencja naukowa Biblioteki Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego. Materiały konferencyjne, red. T. Piestrzyński, J. Jerzyk-Wojtecka, Łódź 2015;","Klincewicz K., Żemigała M., Mijal M., Bibliometria w zarządzaniu technologiami i badaniami naukowymi, Warszawa 2012;","Materska K., Informacja w organizacjach społeczeństwa wiedzy, Warszawa 2007;","Nowak P., Bibliometria. Webometria. Podstawy, wybrane zastosowania, Poznań 2008;","Osiński Z., Bibliometria metodą analizy i oceny dorobku naukowego historyków najnowszych dziejów Polski, [w:] Kultura, historia, książka, red. A. Dymmel, B. Rejakowa, Lublin 2012;","Żmigrodzki Z., Bibliotekarstwo, Warszawa 1998","Benyon D., The New HCI? Navigation of Information Space, \"Knowledge-Based Systems\" 2001, nr 14;","M. Kisilowska, Przestrzeń informacyjna jako termin informatologiczny, \"Zagadnienia Informacji Naukowej\" 2011, nr 2;","Radwański A., Zdetronizowana królowa informacji, czyli rozważania o kondycji informacji naukowej, \"Biuletyn EBIB\" 2004, nr 7(58) [dokument elektroniczny];","Skórka S., Architekt informacji – kreator przestrzeni informacyjnych, \"Przegląd Biblioteczny\" 2011, z. 1.","https://stat.gov.pl/metainformacje/slownik-pojec/pojecia-stosowane-w-statystycepublicznej/ 15,pojecie.html [dostęp: 17.05.2020]."]}

Elite and semielite athletes commonly experience mental health concerns and disorders. Compared with men athletes, women athletes are at greater risk of a range of psychological stressors that contribute to health concerns and mental health disorders, which can impact their career satisfaction and longevity. In order to address and improve the mental health of women athletes, it is necessary to simultaneously tackle the gender specific psychosocial stressors that contribute to mental health outcomes. This narrative review examines the gender-specific stressors that affect mental health and well-being in women athletes, some of which are modifiable. Psychosocial stressors identified include exposure to violence, be it psychological, physical or sexual in nature, which can result in a myriad of acute and long-lasting symptoms; and inequities as reflected in pay disparities, under-representation in the media, fewer opportunities in leadership positions and implications associated with family planning and motherhood. Strategies to promote mental health in women athletes should be considered, and where possible, should proactively address gender-specific stressors likely to influence mental health in order to maximise positive outcomes in women athletes.

Initiatives to safeguard athletes from interpersonal violence (IV) are rapidly growing. In Belgium, knowledge on the magnitude of IV in sport is based on one retrospective prevalence study from 2016 (n = 2.043 adults), involving those who had participated in organized sport for up to 18 years. Data on victimization rates in current youth sport populations are lacking. This study aimed to investigate the magnitude of IV in a sample of 769 athletes (aged between 13 and 21), using the Violence Towards Athletes Questionnaire (VTAQ). All types of IV were prevalent in this sample, ranging from 27% (sexual violence) to 79% (psychological violence and neglect). Boys reported significantly more physical violence, while girls reported significantly more sexual violence. IV perpetrated by peer athletes was reported to the same degree as IV perpetrated by a coach (70%), while IV perpetrated by a parent in the context of sport was somewhat less common, but still prevalent (48%). These findings, including factors associated with elevated exposure rates, can serve as a baseline measurement to monitor and evaluate current and future safeguarding interventions in Belgian sport.

Understanding the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on parental involvement in youth sport is largely unknown. The objective of the study presented in this paper was to understand parental involvement in relation to their child's participation in organised sport during the COVID-19 pandemic. Using an interpretive descriptive methodology, online qualitative interviews and online focus groups with parents and youth (15-18 years) (n = 29) were conducted during June 2020. Following a rigorous reflexive thematic analysis, four themes illustrated the nature of sport parenting during this stressful and uncertain period: (a) reshaping sport parenting identity, (b) the unexpected growth of sport parenting responsibilities, (c) responding to children's loss of sport, and (d) policies impact family commitment and attitudes to returning to sport. The findings are discussed considering Harwood and Knight's (2015) postulates of parenting expertise in sport and offer potential ideas to better support parents and children situated in unexpectedly stressful situations.

The aim of this study was to determine the impact of COVID-19 restrictions on older adults’ perceived health and well-being according to different types of participation in sport and physical activity by gender and region. A survey was implemented during the first COVID-19 lockdown in Australia (June 2020) and information collected on demographics, sport and physical activity patterns pre-COVID-19, and health and well-being outcomes during lockdown and compared to 1 year earlier. During COVID-19 lockdown, older adults who participated in both club sport and informal activities had significantly better general health, physical health, and resilience than those who participated solely in a single setting. Those participating in both team and individual activities reported better general well-being. Older adults who were active in a range of settings and modes had improved health and well-being. Social support is especially important for older adults to become and remain active.

Background Sports management and public health physical activity stakeholders need to understand changing patterns of participation to inform the development of sport and physical activity opportunities and strategies. This study investigated changes in the frequency and duration of participation in sport and physical activity in Australia from pre-COVID-19 to during-COVID-19, broken down by the specific type of activity and by gender, age and region. Methods During the first pandemic restrictions and lockdowns in Australia in May–June 2020, 6140 survey respondents provided information about the types, frequency and duration of the sport and physical activity they participated in prior to and during COVID-19 restrictions. Differences between mean values were analyzed. Results The greatest decline in participation during COVID-19 was in team sports, and the decline was greater for men than for women. Conclusion How will sport respond to getting these men back in the game, and women back from home-based yoga and Pilates?

This study investigated the impact of Coronavirus Disease of 2019 (COVID-19) restrictions on perceived health and wellbeing of young Australian sport and physical activity participants. A survey was conducted during the first COVID-19 restrictions and lockdowns in Australia (May–June 2020). Health measures were tabulated against five respondent characteristics, including settings and modes of sport and physical activity, and comparisons made with chi-square tests. Findings indicate that male youth were significantly more likely to report better physical ( p = .001), general ( p = .014), and mental ( p ≤ .001) health compared to female youth. Individuals involved in both team and individual sport reported significantly better general ( p = .022) and physical health ( p = .003) compared to those involved in individual only sports or physical activity. While it is unclear if this is dose-related, team-based sport may encourage increased time in physical activity (i.e., dose) or social interactions, or a combination of both factors, which potentially buffers against declining health outcomes due to pandemic restrictions.

Interpersonal violence in sport, especially against athletes, is a prevalent problem and arguably one of the greatest threats to sport integrity. While addressing the issues of sport integrity is at the forefront of media, sport policies and research, it is unclear whether violence in sport is being discussed amongst the sport integrity literature. The aim of present research is to analyze the scientific literature on sport integrity breaches to understand the extent to which and in what ways interpersonal violence has been discussed therein. Four databases (Scopus, Web of Science, EBSCOhost and PubMed) were systematically searched for peer reviewed articles in English, published between 2010 and 2020. Key words which operationalized integrity issues (e.g., integrity, corruption, doping, fraud, human-trafficking), with the exclusion of specific terms for violence were used in the search strategy. A total of 8454 studies were identified in the initial search. Following two rounds of independent screening by two reviewers, 1408 relevant articles were included. As per preliminary analysis, only 20 of these articles broadly discuss violence as a sport integrity issue. The articles mainly focus on doping (63%), and, to a lesser extent on (illegal) gambling/betting (13%) and match-fixing (4%). Our initial analysis suggests that interpersonal violence is minimally discussed in the broader sport integrity literature. The thematic analysis will further explore how interpersonal violence is defined and operationalized in the sport integrity literature. In our presentation we will argue for a better integration of the concept of interpersonal violence in the sport integrity literature.

Researchers, policy makers, and practitioners increasingly pay attention to sport and physical activity as a means and context for refugee wellbeing and integration, influenced by wider political and policy concerns about forced migration. Considering this growing scholarly and policy attention, it is timely to take stock of, and critically reflect on, recent developments in this field of research. This paper offers an integrative, critical review of the scientific literature on the topic. It critically synthesizes what is known about the sport and physical activity experiences of people with refugee and forced migrant backgrounds, and identifies key issues and directions for future research in this field. This review of contemporary academic literature comprises 83 publications derived from fourteen languages published between 1996 and 2019. It shows a substantial increase in the volume of published research on the topic in recent years (2017–2019). Published research is concentrated primarily in Western countries around the themes of health promotion, integration and social inclusion, and barriers and facilitators to participation in sport and physical activity. The findings foreground the use of policy categories, deficit approaches, and intersectionalities as three pressing challenges in this area of research. Based on this synthesis, the authors identify four research gaps that require attention in future research: the experiential (embodied emotional) dimensions of sport and physical activity, the need to decolonize research, the space for innovative methodologies, and research ethics.

A growing number of sport enthusiasts travel overseas to attend professional sports games. In parallel, fans of local professional leagues seek unique social experiences when attending games. Sport tourism literature suggests that social interactions between hosts and guests provide a unique experience for both, however, knowledge about local sports fans' interests in interacting with international travellers is lacking. This research explored the interests of fans hosting international tourists during a regular-season game. Qualitative content analysis was performed on survey responses from 1,222 Australian Football League (AFL) fans interested in hosting an international traveller at a game. Four main factors emerged: connection with people (75.5%), being an AFL game promoter (42.6%), fans' emotional attachment (34.2%), and providing the visitor a distinctive experience (27.3%). This study provides evidence on the emergence of a 'sport host' as a sporting experience consumer. Implications for sport tourism and fan engagement researchers and practitioners are discussed.

RESEARCH BACKGROUND/AIMS The growth and profile of the Paralympic Games over the past 20 years has been phenomenal. This has been accompanied by a growing number of countries entering the ‘global sporting arms race’ for international Paralympic success, which is driving an increased desire to strategically invest in systems policy for optimising Paralympic athletes’ development and success. However, many athletes continue to face various environmental and organisational barriers inhibiting their opportunities to reach elite level performance. Examining national policies that could efficiently support elite development pathways for athletes with physical, visual and intellectual disabilities can play an important role in addressing this issue. The aims of this project are therefore to: 1/ identify key national policy elements influencing international Paralympic success, and 2/ develop, validate and empirically test a national para-sport policy framework. LITERATURE/THEORETICAL BACKGROUND Elite sport systems development has interested a number of sport management and policy researchers over the past 10 years. These studies have helped us understanding the trends and strategies characterising nations’ interventions towards international sporting success. However the focus has been almost exclusively on Olympic success and elite ‘abled-bodied’ sport. Sport management and policy literature on elite para-sport development is scarce (Misener and Darcy, 2014). To address this gap, the researchers have identified the SPLISS (Sport Policy Factors leading to International Sporting Success) model (De Bosscher et al., 2008) as a relevant theoretical framework to start with, mainly due to its analytic focus on factors situated at the policy level. In recognising the very complex and fragmented organisation of para-sport at the national level (Thomas and Guett, 2013) and the numerous barriers that continue to affect the opportunities for athletes with disabilities to develop at the elite level (Misener and Darcy, 2014), the intention of this project is not to simply apply the SPLISS model to the Paralympic context but rather to use the sound framework it offers as point of reference. RESEARCH APPROACH AND METHODOLOGY The research will be conducted in four phases, following an explorative and mainly qualitative design. Drawing from the SPLISS studies, the involvement of the main stakeholders of the Paralympic movement (eg. performance managers, coaches and athletes with disabilities) will be a key methodological approach. The first phase will explore key policy factors of successful Paralympic sport systems, through literature review and interviews with key stakeholders (current phase). In phase two, a theoretical framework of elite para-sport policy pillars and critical success factors will emerge from focus group consultations with expert researchers. In phase three, the theoretical model will be validated following an iterative process through surveys involving all stakeholders of the Paralympic movement (Delphi method). The intention is to then empirically test the model in the Australian context. An advisory committee composed of a range of representatives from the disability sport and research community will be consulted throughout the research project in order to: promote inclusion in the research process, ensure that perspectives of all groups are represented and avoid any risks of reinforcing ableist views. IMPLICATIONS Firstly, the findings will improve our theoretical understanding of sport policies as they relate to elite para-sport systems development. Secondly, the validated policy framework will set the groundwork in preparation for a multi-country comparative study on the efficacy of national Paralympic sport systems. The outcomes of this research have direct practical implications for para-sport decision makers, managers, coaches and athletes with disabilities. Overall, the intentions of this project are also to develop interest in researchers from the ‘mainstream’ sport management area to examine the different sectorsthat compose the para-sport business, as well as benefit the main stakeholders of the Paralympic movement, namely the Paralympians, by contributing to the development of opportunities to pursue a career at the elite level. REFERENCES De Bosscher, V., Bingham, J., & Shibli, S. (2008). The Global Sporting Arms Race: An International Comparative Study on Sports Policy Factors Leading to International Sporting Success: Meyer & Meyer. Misener, L., & Darcy, S. (2014). Managing disability sport: From athletes with disabilities to inclusive organisational perspectives. Sport Management Review, 17(1), 1-7. Thomas, N., & Guett, M. (2013). Fragmented, complex and cumbersome: a study of disability sport policy and provision in Europe. International Journal of Sport Policy and Politics, 6(3), 389-406.