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This study aims to examine the impact of Instagram social media on the dress style of students of the University of Bengkulu. The research approach uses descriptive qualitative studies. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach, with data collection techniques in the form of in-depth interviews, participant observations, and documentation of Instagram uploads. The purposive sampling technique was used to select relevant participants, namely active students aged 18–25 years from three faculties at the University of Bengkulu (Faculty of Law, Faculty of Economics and Business, and Faculty of Social and Political Sciences) who actively use Instagram and often post fashion-related content. Data analysis was carried out using the Miles and Huberman method, which included data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawn, as well as triangulation to increase the validity of the findings. In sociological analysis, rational choice theory is used to understand how students adapt fashion trends on Instagram by considering various factors such as suitability, financial ability, and social acceptance. The findings show that Instagram is the main source of inspiration for students in determining their dressing style, especially related to Korean style trends. Nonetheless, students demonstrate critical ability to select and modify these trends to suit personal preferences and socio-cultural contexts. Students develop a variety of adaptive strategies, from financial management to negotiation with environmental norms, to express a unique yet relevant fashion identity. It is hoped that this research will contribute to a broader understanding of the role of social media in shaping student identities and behaviors in the digital era.

Background: Dental and oral health education is conducted with the aim of changing the habits of a person, group of people, or society so they can gain knowledge, attitudes, and habits to behave in a healthy way in the field of dental and oral health. Elementary school age is the right time for teachers to introduce and instill healthy living habits. A dental and oral health education for Little Doctor students is assumed to help improve the dental and oral health of other students, teachers, and other staff of the school, as well as the people around the student outside of school. Purpose: To describe the effect of interactive dental health education on knowledge improvement. Methods: This study’s sample size was 31 Little Doctor students in the third through sixth grades. The activity in general adopted two-way communication; interactive speaking was performed to stimulate the students attentiveness to the topics, allowing students to engage with the speakers. To assess the students’ knowledge level of oral and dental health, a pre-test questionnaire was filled out prior to starting, and the same questionnaire was filled out as a post-test after completing all the agenda. Results: There were significant differences between pre-test and post-test results (P-value < 0.05), with the mean rank of the post-test group (45.56%) being significantly higher than the pre-test group (17.44%). Conclusion: The interactive education method in elementary school was found to be efficacious and more preferable as it matches the level of growth and development in school-age children.

This research aimed to delineate the strategies for fostering tolerance among students through multicultural education at Sanggar Anak Alam Nitiprayan in Yogyakarta. Employing a qualitative methodology with a case study approach, the investigation was conducted within the premises of Sanggar Anak Alam Nitiprayan located in Bantul, Yogyakarta. Data gathering methods encompassed interviews, observations, and documentation, with subjects selected purposively. Triangulation was utilised to ensure data validity. Analysis followed the qualitative data analysis technique advocated by Miles Huberman, involving stages of data collection, reduction, presentation, and conclusion drawing. The study yielded two principal findings: firstly, the integration of tolerance values into the school curriculum through multicultural education, and secondly, the cultivation of tolerance within classrooms via daily encounters, class agreements, communal prayer, and storytelling activities. Identified obstacles included diverse student potentials, varying parental attitudes, parental indoctrination conflicting with the SALAM curriculum, student non-compliance with agreements, facilitators adopting a lecturing rather than a facilitating role, and difficulties transferring students from formal educational backgrounds faced in adapting to the new environment.

Mpox is a disease like smallpox caused by the Mpox virus (MPXV), which belongs to the Orthopoxvirus (OPXV) group in the Poxviridae family. The virus is transmitted through direct contact with infected individuals, animals, or contaminated materials. Transmission can occur through direct body contact, animal bites, respiratory droplets, or mucous membranes in the eyes, nose, or mouth. However, since the recent outbreak in May 2022, the disease has spread to various countries, posing a threat to develop into a global pandemic. Several image processing and deep learning models, including Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), have been employed for Mpox disease prediction. The default CNN algorithm performs poorly on image orientations such as tilting, rotation, zooming, or other abnormal images. Therefore, we propose a new framework adopted from deep learning by combining Generative Adversarial Network (GAN), PyramidalNet, and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM). This new method is referred to as GPLNet. The research results indicate that the GPLNet algorithm model can surpass the accuracy achieved by CNN and CNN-LSTM, reaching 99%. The performance of the GPLNet algorithm model is also evaluated using various measurement metrics, yielding an accuracy of 98%, precision of 99%, recall of 98%, sensitivity of 98%, specificity of 98%, f1-score of 98%, and ROC of 99%.

Electrospinning is one of the techniques used to fabricate nanofibers. The syringe pump is one of the main parts of electrospinning, responsible for injecting the solution into the chamber with high precision. The syringe pump has a simple operating system, but it has a high price on the market. Its high price has been one of the obstacles for research groups in the fabrication of nanofibers. Hence, this research aimed to solve the problem of expensive syringe pumps by developing a low-cost syringe pump using affordable components. This research utilized methods from a literature study of syringe pump design, including the manufacturing and assembly of both hardware and software components. It also involved testing the calibration, optimization, and performance of the syringe pumps. An analysis of each stage was carried out until a conclusion was obtained. This syringe pump built in this research used a NEMA 17 stepper motor and TB6600 motor driver to control the flow rate. The total cost to develop this low-cost syringe pump was IDR632,300. Test and calibration were measured at a flow rate ranging from 1 mL/h to 5 mL/h using distilled water, resulting in an accuracy value of 96.7% and a precision value of 95.0%. Further research should utilize gear wheels to reduce the load of the motor stepper so as to prevent prolonged heated conditions. The results of this research can also be used as insight for researchers to develop another low-cost tool in other research fields.

Increasing technological progress in the world has helped people's activities, including upgrades related to technological adaptation. The reach and ease of digital accessibility is the result of adopting the latest technology. One of the activities in the world that applies digitalization is the buying and selling process, including PBJ (Procurement of Goods/Services) carried out by government agencies. This activity is regularly carried out, one of which is spending using BOSP (School Operational Assistance) funds at each state school, carried out using the SIPLah (System Information Procurement in Schools). The use of SIPLah was determined based on the Ministry of Education and Culture Regulation Number 14 of 2020 to safeguard the use of BOSP Funds. In line with its implementation, research efforts are needed regarding how good SIPLah technology is, so that it can be accepted by the BOSP Treasurer of each school as the main user. Among the latest research models that can be applied to determine the level of technological adaptation so that the BOSP Treasurer is willing to adopt SIPLah is the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT). The research in this model consisted of four independent variables (Performance Expectancy, Effort Expectancy, Social Influence, and Facilitating Conditions) used to test their influence on behavioral intentions and their consequences on use behavior. The research method used was a descriptive analysis of respondent responses and verification to determine the influence of all variables through path coefficients using census data. The respondents involved in the research were 57 treasurers of BOSP in the Bandung and Cimahi City areas, under the auspices of Cadisdikwil VII West Java. The results of the study concluded that the four independent variables influence behavioral intentions and have implications for use behavior. Suggestions based on the research results can be used by the Ministry of Education and Culture to improve SIPLah to make it more adaptive so that all transactions carried out by the BOSP Treasurer can use SIPLah.

Electrospinning is a method of making nanomaterials that has a fairly easy and flexible process that can produce nanofiber continuously. Nanofiber morphology from the electrospinning process is influenced by several parameters, one of them is temperature as an environmental parameter. If there is no temperature control system in the electrospinning system, it will be difficult to maintain the consistency of the morphology nanofiber and at certain temperatures, nanofibers are not formed. Therefore, this study aims to develop a temperature control system for electrospinning called the Electrospinning Temperature Control (ETC) System and connect it with an internet-of- things (IoT) platform to understand the dynamics of the temperature control process, upload temperature data to the cloud, and remote monitoring. The method used by designing and building system hardware and software, calibrating DHT21 as a temperature sensor and testing system performance. The results show that the calibration of the DHT21 sensor has an accuracy rate of 94.95% and a precision rate of 98.93%, while the results of the performance test show that the system can raise, maintain, and lower the temperature. Further performance testing reveals that the ETC system can operate within a temperature range of 20−40°C. The IoT system using the Blynk App allows users to remote and monitor easily, and using Google Sheets as a cloud database. The ETC system was successfully built and can be applied to electrospinning experiments.

Stunting remains a critical public health issue in Indonesia. The "Acceleration of Stunting Reduction" program is targeting adolescents (teenagers) as one of its key groups. This reflects the understanding that adolescents play a vital role in overcoming the problem of stunting, both as parents-to-be and as individuals who can experience the negative impact of malnutrition, which in turn contributes to the incidence of stunting. This study exposing the effectiveness of educational interventions in improving adolescent knowledge and awareness about stunting and the utilization of local foods as preventive measures. Conducted at State Senior High School of Kademangan (SMKN 1 Kademangan), Blitar, the study involved 101 eleventh-grade students who participated in a series of counselling (educational sessions) on topic stunting and local food utilization. A pretest-posttest design was used to assess changes in knowledge across seven key areas related to stunting and nutrition. The results indicated substantial improvements in understanding, with knowledge increases ranging from 37% to 58% across all areas. These findings underscore the importance of targeted nutritional education in enhancing adolescent health literacy. Ongoing educational sessions, practical activities, and further research are recommended to sustain and build upon these gains, ultimately contributing to the reduction of stunting prevalence in Indonesia.

Introduction In high tuberculosis (TB) burden countries, the private sector manages a large proportion of initial visits by presumptive patients with TB. In Indonesia, the second largest contributor of TB cases globally, private practitioners (PPs) often do not adhere to national TB guidelines. A district public–private mix programme to mitigate this issue was started in 2019, yet engagement remains low. This study examines what affects the decisions of Indonesian PPs regarding TB management.Methods We performed semistructured in-depth interviews and focus group discussions (FGDs) with 24 PPs and 6 relevant stakeholders. Data collection and analysis were based on Flottorp’s comprehensive and generic checklist on determinants of healthcare professional practice, including seven domains: guideline factors; individual professional barriers; patient factors; professional interactions; incentives and resources; organisational changes capacity and social, legal and political factors. The interviews and FGDs were recorded and transcribed verbatim. Coding and analysis were conducted by using NVivo software.Results Barriers that influenced PPs adherence to following the national TB guideline were found in all seven domains, including incoherence between national and international TB management guidelines, the complex referral and financing system, limited access to appropriate diagnostics tools and drugs, and patient preferences. This was further exacerbated by perceived lack of trust between PPs and local governmental stakeholders. In this study, in addition to seventh Flottorp’s domain, we also found the complex nature of TB disease, which also complicates the decision-making process of PPs in TB management.Conclusion PPs face several challenges in complying with TB guidelines to enable optimal clinical decision-making.

This study aims to determine the influence of work-life balance, workload, and burnout on employee performance. The research employs a descriptive quantitative method, utilizing multiple regression analysis with SPSS 26 for data processing. The sample was selected using simple random sampling, where employees from PT. Siraj Badawi Cukup Rupiah was randomly chosen to participate in the survey. A total of 369 questionnaires were distributed, with 110 respondents returning them, yielding a response rate of 29.81%. The findings can be summarized as follows: (1) Work-life balance has a positive but not significant effect on employee performance; (2) Workload has a positive and significant effect on employee performance; (3) Burnout has a significant negative effect on employee performance; (4) Work-life balance, workload, and burnout collectively have a significant impact on employee performance.

In the context of retail distribution, this study employs recursive K-means clustering on retail sales data to optimize clusters of nearest-distance stores for salesperson route recommendations. This approach addresses the stochastic salesperson problem by generating effective routes, enhancing cost reduction, and improving service efficiency. The recursive K-means algorithm dynamically adjusts to continuous changes in store numbers, locations, and transaction data. Consequently, this research successfully developed a model that automatically re-clusters the data with each change, providing continuously updated and effective store recommendations.

This research aims to elaborate on the concept of ijtihâd takhrîj, which was introduced by scholars to address evolving contemporary legal issues. It also seeks to analyze the application of ijtihâd takhrîj in the field of mu’âmalah mâliyyah or Islamic economic law. The approach used in this research is a normative juridical approach. This research is classified as a literature study and uses secondary data. The results of the study indicate that: first, ijtihâd takhrîj is crucial for realizing the efforts of ijtihâd to solve legal issues, including Islamic economic law, which is continuously developing; and second, in practice, ijtihâd takhrîj is applied to address contemporary legal issues in mu’âmalah mâliyyah activities. Some applications of ijtihâd takhrîj in contemporary sharia business such as law of commercial insurance, intellectual property rights, issues of inflation, law on giving discounts, law of travel checks, law of savings deposits, credit and debit cards, buying and selling via social media, law of compensatory payments in transactions, and Sharia-Based Financial Technology Peer-To-Peer Lending.

This study aims to identify the supply chain condition of the red snapper fish processing industry, assess the supply chain performance, and recommend performance improvements based on the performance measurement results. The study was conducted in Brondong District, Lamongan Regency, East Java, Indonesia. The methods used are the Supply Chain Operations Reference (SCOR) model and the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), which measure effectiveness and efficiency parameters. Data were collected through interviews and field observations with expert respondents representing fishermen, collectors, and the fish processing industry. The results showed that the supply chain performance of the fishermen, collectors, and fish processing industry was 67.52% (poor), 88.11% (average), and 95.09% (excellent). The low performance was mainly in the fish catch composition accuracy and raw material handling practices. Root cause analysis was conducted to identify the leading causes, such as poor raw material quality, high raw material costs, and low cash-to-cash cycle time. Recommendations for improvement include handling raw materials training, using better cooling technology, and accelerating debt payments. Implementing lean supply chain management with the 5S system will improve operational efficiency and final product quality. Support from all stakeholders and government is essential for successfully implementing this strategy. Further study on the impact of lean implementation on environmental and social sustainability and exploration of new technologies for efficient fish handling and processing is needed.

Learning at school serves to foster and develop compassion and mutual respect for one another. The problem of aggressive behavior in the school environment is still experienced by students. This research is a development research with the aim of knowing the feasibility of media products in the form of engklek kedamaian in group guidance to reduce the aggressive behavior of students in class VIII SMP Muhamadiyah 3 Depok. Researchers used the Brog and Gall model development method with 5 stages, namely potential problems, data collection, product design, product validation, and design revision. The research instruments used in this study were aggressive behavior scales and interview guidelines. The subjects in the study were 123 students in class VIII of SMP Muhammadiyah 3 Depok. The results in the development are measured based on the assessment of the material expert test getting a score of 91.4 with a very good category. The media expert test scored 87.5 with a very good category, the service expert test/practical expert test scored 93.75 with a very good category. Based on some of these statements, it can be concluded that the engklek kedamaian game in group guidance to reduce the aggressive behavior of class VIII students at Muhamadiyah 3 Depok Junior High School is categorized as suitable for use. It is hoped that the research on the development of engklek kedamaian to reduce students' aggressive behavior can be an alternative service innovation for school counselors.

This research focuses on presenting a model for developing Child-Friendly Schools (SRA) in Yogyakarta's primary schools by combining principles from neuroscience and Islamic education. Employing a qualitative descriptive approach, the study engages school principals, teachers, and students as research subjects. Data collection entails observations, interviews, and documentation, with data validity ensured through source and technique triangulation. Analysis follows Miles Huberman's Interactive Model, encompassing data reduction, presentation, and conclusion/verification. The study reveals that SD Negeri Giwangan and SD Negeri Ngupasan effectively implement child-friendly school practices according to Yogyakarta Mayor's Decree No. 434 of 2016. These schools prioritize six essential indicators: 1) SRA Policy, 2) Curriculum implementation, 3) Training of educators and staff in children's rights, 4) SRA facilities and infrastructure, 5) Fostering child participation, and 6) Encouraging parent involvement. The incorporation of neuroscience insights and Islamic education principles has notable positive implications. This approach contributes to shaping students' behavior to become both well-behaved and child-friendly. Moreover, it facilitates the creation of an enjoyable learning environment and nurtures students' imaginative capabilities. Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan model pengembangan Sekolah Ramah Anak (SRA) berbasis neurosains dan pendidikan Islam di SD Kota Yogyakarta. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Subjek Penelitian adalah kepala sekolah, guru, dan siswa. Teknik Pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Keabsahan data menggunakan Triangulasi sumber dan teknik. Analisis Data menggunakan Model Interaktif Miles Huberman mencakup reduksi data, penyajian data, penarikan kesimpulan/verifikasi. Hasil penelitian ini adalah SD Negeri Giwangan dan SD Negeri Ngupasan menerapkan sekolah ramah anak berdasarkan Surat Keputusan Walikota Yogyakarta Nomor 434 Tahun 2016. Kedua sekolah tersebut menerapkan 6 (enam) indikator Sekolah ramah anak yaitu 1) Kebijakan SRA, 2). Pelaksanaan kurikulum, 3). Pendidik dan tenaga kependidikan terlatih hak-hak anak, 4). Sarana dan prasarana SRA, 5). Partisipasi anak, dan 6). Partisipasi orang tua. Implikasi dari neurosains dan pendidikan Islam membantu peran siswa berlaku baik dan ramah anak. Menciptakan suasana lingkungan sekolah yang menyenangkan dan menumbuhkan sikap imajinasi kreatif siswa.

Education is an important aspect in forming the potential of the young generation where the use of mobile platforms has become an integral part of everyday life. Over time, gadgets have become an access to learning besides books. Therefore, the increasingly complex development of the technological world encourages individuals to be able to apply technology in all their activities. Mathematics learning at elementary school level is often faced with challenges to make the learning process more fun and interactive. A common problem among students in Indonesia is that mathematics is considered a difficult subject. Monotonous learning reduces students' interest in learning. Therefore, designing learning games for elementary school students, especially in mathematics learning, can be an innovative solution to improve the quality and attractiveness of learning with interactive learning media. This research aims to create a game that allows students to learn more effectively which focuses on game development using the Game Development Life Cycle (GDLC) development model. This research produces a translation game from mathematics book learning material with the theme "Counting Numbers Up to 10,000" using the Unity 3D game engine which functions well and the application of the Game Development Life Cycle (GDLC) method also functions well.

Armoured Personnel Carrier (APC) as a means to support the mobility of TNI must have high toughness so that they are not easily penetrated by bullets. The APCs are commonly made of steel due to their excellent toughness and ballistic properties, however, it has a high density that reduces their mobility. Therefore, an alternative material is needed, which is lighter but remains tough. One option is Metal Matric Composites (MMC). This research studied a composite with Al-8Zn-4Mg alloy as the matrix and 20 vol. % SiC as the reinforcement. The composite was melted in a muffle furnace, stirred at 500 rpm, and squeeze-cast at the pressure of 20 tons. The samples were then solution-treated at 500°C for 1 h and aged at 200°C for up to 100 h. Characterization included hardness and impact testing, optical microscopy, and Scanning Electron Microscope - Energy Dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX). The samples were then thermal coated by the High-Velocity Oxygen Fuel (HVOF) method using WC-Co particles. The coated samples underwent ballistic testing in accordance with NIJ 0108.01 standard by using a type III 7.56 mm caliber projectile. The results show that the hardness and impact energy increased with aging due to the formation of Mg2Si and Mg3Zn3Al2 precipitates. Peak hardness conditions after aging for 2 h generated hardness of 90,25 HRB and impact energy of 3 Joules. The composite plate failed and was penetrated by a type III 7.56 mm caliber projectile.

Various sectors experienced losses as a result of the disaster. Education is one sector that is badly affected by disasters, especially when disasters occur during school hours. Students, who are the country's future assets, are the biggest victims. In addition, accidents can cause damage to the learning process, school documents, and school facilities. For this reason, disaster risk reduction management must be in place. One way to do this is by providing education about disaster risk reduction. This research uses a qualitative approach, which means describing and explaining what schools are doing to reduce disaster risk by implementing a disaster-safe education unit program. Steps to describe and explain data by referring to expert opinions. This study shows that the Disaster Safe Education Unit (SPAB) program is very important to implement in schools because it can increase the school community's understanding of matters related to disasters. It is hoped that the implementation of the SPAB program will enable schools to remain safe and comfortable and increase students' understanding of how to deal with disasters

Aim Congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia (CPT) is a rare, dysplastic condition causing significant disability in the lower limbs. A treatment aims to achieve long-lasting union, prevent limb length discrepancies, and prevent soft tissue lesions. Traditional surgery often yields satisfactory results, but amputation may be proposed in failed cases. This report presents a congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia and fibula, treated with the Paley cross-union protocol.Methods A 15-month-old girl presented with a crook-ed right lower leg at the age of two months, history of a right lower leg fracture at the age of eight months, and pain when moving her leg. She had undergone an initial surgical procedure to maintain tibia alignment with K-Wire insertion and was cast at a private hospital. Results The patient's physical examination showed a cast causing limited range of motion, but no tenderness or distal neurovascular issues. The Paley cross-union protocol was performed, involving anterior approach, curettage, and insertion of a titanium intramedullary elastic nail into the tibia. The fracture site area was covered with a meshed periosteum layer and filled with synthetic bone grafts. A long leg cast was performed after the procedure. An imaging examination post-cross-union protocol showed a good result.Conclusion Cross-union for CPT represents a paradigm shift in the treatment of this horrible child disease. Given the promising result, the cross-union approach has to be regarded as a fresh criterion for treating CPT.

This study aimed for a better understanding of the niche specification of bacteria carrying the tfd-genes for aerobic 2,4-dichlorphenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) degradation in the rice paddy ecosystem. To achieve this, a dedicated microcosm experiment was set up to mimic the rice paddy system, with and without 2,4-D addition, allowing spatial sampling of the different rice paddy compartments and niches, i.e., the main anaerobic bulk soil and the aerobic surface water, surface soil, root surface and rhizosphere compartments. No effect of 2,4-D on the growth and morphology of the rice plant was noted. 2,4-D removal was faster in the upper soil layers compared to the deeper layers and was more rapid after the second 2,4-D addition compared to the first. Moreover, higher relative abundances of the 2,4-D catabolic gene tfdA and of the mobile genetic elements IncP-1 and IS1071 reported to carry the tfd-genes, were observed in surface water and surface soil when 2,4-D was added. tfdA was also detected in the root surface and rhizosphere compartment but without response to 2,4-D addition. While analysis of the bacterial community composition using high-throughput 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing did not reveal expected tfd-carrying taxa, subtle community changes linked with 2,4-D treatment and the presence of the plant were observed. These findings suggest (i) that the surface soil and surface water are the primary and most favorable compartements/niches for tfd-mediated aerobic 2,4-D biodegradation and (ii) that the community structure in the 2,4-D treated rice paddy ecosystem is determined by a niche-dependent complex interplay between the effects of the plant and of 2,4-D.

Evaluating students' metacognitive awareness is necessary to identify weaknesses and strengths in managing their cognition, which can help develop effective cognitive regulation to overcome academic challenges. Therefore, this research aims to examine students' level of metacognitive awareness using Rasch modeling. Survey research was conducted on 122 students at FKIP. Metacognitive awareness was evaluated using the 18-item Jr. MAI, and each item uses a 5-point Likert rating scale. Jr. MAI in the Google form is distributed for 2–3 weeks. Metacognitive awareness data was analyzed using the Logit Value of Person (LVP) approach and the Person Wright Map in Rasch modeling. The analysis results show that the distribution of metacognitive awareness shows that the majority of physics education students tend to have a higher level of metacognitive awareness, while the distribution of metacognitive awareness among elementary school teacher education students is more even across all categories. The implication of this research is the need to develop effective cognitive regulation in overcoming academic challenges through evaluating students' metacognitive awareness.

Currently bitcoin is considered an investment tools, the value of bitcoin itself is unstable so it is difficult to predict which can cause losses for bitcoin traders. Some previous research shows that Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) which is a deep learning approach as an improvement of RNN has the best performance in predicting stocks and cryptocurrencies compared to Support Vector Machine (SVM), Exponential Moving Average (EMA), and Moving Average (MA), and Seasonal Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (SARIMA). LSTM has the disadvantage that it is difficult to understand in determining the best parameters and to obtain good results it needs strict hyperparameter adjustment. This study aims to find the best parameters in LSTM by selecting the amount of data, training data composition, batch size, epoch and the amount of prediction time and analyzing prediction performance. In this study, data collection was carried out in real time and was able to provide predictions for the next few days. The test results of the LSTM algorithm have a performance with an average accuracy of 93.69% with the parameters of the amount of bitcoin price data used is 3 years, with a percentage of train data of 85%, using 10 batch sizes, with a number of epochs 125, and the highest average accuracy rate for 7 days of prediction.

A Low-fat dark chocolate was developed by replacing cocoa butter with porang glucomannan and lecithin addition. The study was to determine the effect of cocoa butter replacement levels by porang glucomannan (10%, 15%, 20%) and lecithin (1%, 1.5%, 2%) on the melting point, hardness, cohesiveness, springiness , gumminess, chewiness, color, and glossiness of dark chocolate which was using a factorial group randomized design with ANOVA and continued with the Tukey HSD test. The results showed that not interaction of the level of cocoa butter replacement by glucomannan and lecithin on melting point. The cocoa butter replacement level by porang glucomannan and lecithin and their interactions affected hardness, cohesiveness, springiness , gumminess, chewiness, color, and glossiness. The higher level of cocoa butter replacement levels by porang glucomannan and lecithin increased the melting point and hardness of dark chocolate. Porang glucomannan and lecithin can be used to reduce cocoa butter and can improve the physical properties of dark chocolate.

Transient synovitis (TS), an abrupt, non-specific synovium inflammation, is the most prevalent cause of pediatric hip discomfort. Transient synovitis affects 3–10-year-olds. This disease is benign and self-limiting, but clinicians must distinguish it from an acute infection. After ruling out other causes of hip discomfort and limping, clinicians detect transient synovitis. Based on the patient's history, physical examination, and hip radiography, septic arthritis (SA) and TS care are the most likely causes. Clinicians must consider clinical factors and order appropriate lab and imaging tests to rule out alternative illnesses. This review aims to determine how to propose TS hip disease. The databases used were Scopus and PubMed. We included seven articles in our review. Clinical symptoms, lab testing, and radiographs determine the diagnosis. Ultrasound is a useful TS diagnostic tool since it is widely available, and children are not directly exposed to ionizing radiation. If TS and SA illnesses, which are commonly linked, are unclear, detecting bone marrow abnormalities, soft tissue lesions, synovial enhancement, and joint effusion by MRI can be beneficial. Laboratory tests help distinguish TS from SA because there are more extensive evaluations. Additionally, the healthcare provider performs a hip joint aspiration examination under ultrasound or fluoroscopy.

Congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia (CPT) is an infrequently observed condition. However, it is considered to be one of the most complex ailments in the field of pediatric orthopedics. In cases where a tibial fracture is absent, the conventional treatment approach involves using bracing as a preventive measure against fractures. Various surgical modalities have been proposed for the management of CPT, including intramedullary (IM) rod fixation, external fixators, on-lay grafts, cancellous grafts, periosteal grafts, Paley cross-union, amputation, vascularized fibula grafts, and induced membrane techniques. These modalities can be used in different combinations and permutations. The need for repetitive surgical interventions due to unsuccessful therapeutic outcomes or modifications in secondary treatments can significantly disrupt the childhood experience, resulting in prolonged and recurrent functional limitations. In certain instances, amputation may be required as a primary or secondary treatment modality. This literature review will clarify the current surgical interventions for CPT disease based on a summary of research data. The surgery the patient receives significantly impacts their general health and capacity to heal.

There are differences of opinion arising from the results of research on the use of WhatsApp in ELT. The results revealed that the use of WhatsApp software contributed positively to the development of English writing proficiency, and the other results considered that the use of WhatsApp has many weaknesses and difficulties in writing and other language instructions. This controversy allowed the researcher to conduct research aimed at finding out whether there was a correlation between the use of WhatsApp as a tool in writing activities and EFL student writing performance and to find out how close the relationship between the two variables is. The statistical correlation from Pearson Product Moment revealed that the correlation of the independent variable (X) with the dependent variable (Y) showed a sig. value of 0.000 < 0.05, and the correlation rate was very strong with a correlation coefficient (r = 0.832), along with the hypothesis tested showing Ho: ?1 ? 0. This study shows a very strong correlation between the use of WhatsApp as a tool in English writing activities and writing performance. WhatsApp interventions into ELT in the form of group WhatsApp and individual WhatsApp’s text message interactions have contributed to EFL students’ writing skills as the correlation of two variables goes parallel. The more students do the writing activity through WhatsApp, the higher the writing achievement they acquire.

Padang satay is a typical West Sumatran food that is part of Indonesia's traditional heritage. The experiment was carried out to overcome the problem of decreasing the quality of padang satay products. The vacuum and sterilization method utilized retort pouch packaging, which was anticipated to preserve product quality for up to 21 days during storage at both room and cold temperatures. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of retort pouch packaging in maintaining the quality of satay products by examining their physical, chemical, and microbiological properties after being packaged in retort pouches and stored for 21 days. The research employed a completely randomized design with a factorial arrangement of 2 factors and 4 replications.. Replications were taken for each temperature and storage time. The results showed a significant interaction between cold temperature treatment and storage for up to 21 days, maintaining pH values, water activity, and microbiological quality. Furthermore, the interaction between room temperature and cold temperature treatment could not significantly affect antioxidant activity and MDA levels (p

This study aims to analyze the effect of dynamic stabilization exercises single leg press and single leg straight deadlift with the medicine ball on leg muscle strength and balance. This type of research is quasi-experimental with a matching only design. A total of 36 men with an average age of 16 years and an average BMI of 19-20 kg/m2 participated in this study. The inclusion criteria in this study were being male and willing to take part in the training program provided. The exclusion criteria in this study were subjects who were overweight. Subjects were divided into 2 groups, namely the press leg dynamic stabilization group and single-leg deadlift dynamic stabilization group. The treatment was given for 8 weeks 3 times in 1 week. The results of this study reported that there was a significant difference between the pre-test and post-test in all groups (K1 and K2) (p

Summary: Background: In a cluster randomized trial (clinicaltrials.gov: NCT02810678) a flexible but comprehensive health system intervention significantly increased the number of household contacts (HHC) identified and started on tuberculosis preventive treatment (TPT). A follow-up study was conducted one year later to test the hypotheses that these effects were sustained, and were reproducible with a simplified intervention. Methods: We conducted a follow-up study from May 1, 2018 until April 30, 2019, as part of a multinational cluster randomized trial. Eight sites in 4 countries that had received the intervention in the original trial received no further intervention; eight other sites in the same countries that had not received the intervention (control sites in the original trial) now received a simplified version of the intervention. This consisted of repeated local evaluation of the Cascade of care for TB infection, and stakeholder decision making. The number of HHC identified and starting TPT were repeatedly measured at all 16 sites and expressed as rates per 100 newly diagnosed index TB patients. The sustained effect of the original intervention was estimated by comparing these rates after the intervention in the original trial with the last 6 months of the follow-up study. The reproducibility was estimated by comparing the pre-post intervention changes in rates at sites receiving the original intervention with the pre-post changes in rates at sites receiving the later, simplified intervention. Findings: With regard to the sustained impact of the original intervention, compared to the original post-intervention period, the number of HHC identified and treated per 100 newly diagnosed TB patients was 10 more (95% confidence interval: 84 fewer to 105 more), and 1 fewer (95% CI: 22 fewer to 20 more) respectively up to 14 months after the end of the original intervention. With regard to the reproducibility of the simplified intervention, at sites that had initially served as control sites, the number of HHC identified and treated per 100 TB patients increased by 33 (95% CI: −32, 97), and 16 (−69, 100) from 3 months before, to up to 6 months after receiving a streamlined intervention, although differences were larger, and significant if the post-intervention results were compared to all pre-intervention periods. Interpretation: Up to one year after it ended, a health system intervention resulted in sustained increases in the number of HHC identified and starting TPT. A simplified version of the intervention was associated with non-significant increases in the identification and treatment of HHC. Inferences are limited by potential bias due to other temporal effects, and the small number of study sites. Funding: Funded by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (Grant number 143350).

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengelompokkan data aktivitas pasien penderita gangguan kecemasan sosial di Perusahaan Mental Healthcare yang berlokasi di Belanda dan mengukur afinitas klaster terhadap fase perawatan teridentifikasi berdasarkan tingkat kemiripan densitas features-nya. Metode pengelompokan data dilakukan dengan cara sebagai berikut: 1) melakukan data pre-processing terhadap data anonim pasien, data komunikasi, data pelacakan gangguan kecemasan sosial, data riwayat catatan harian, data pemberitahuan, data penyelesaian aktivitas terjadwal, data kuesioner terkait relevansi sesi perawatan, data riwayat sesi perawatan, dan data riwayat registrasi thought records, 2) melakukan exploratory data analysis untuk melihat sebaran data aktivitas, melakukan standarisasi data, dan menentukan jumlah klaster ideal, serta 3) membangun model clustering menggunakan algoritma k-Means. Sedangkan metode pengujian efektifitas pengelompokan data dilakukan dengan cara: 1) mengukur afinitas klaster terhadap fase perawatan teridentifikasi, dan 2) menghitung bobot feature untuk menemukan feature dengan karakteristik unik (dominan) di setiap fase perawatan. Model k-Means berhasil mengelompokkan data aktivitas pasien menjadi 10 klaster. Hasil clustering kemudian dianalisis dengan mempertimbangkan pola dan persentase afinitas klaster sehingga ditemukan 3 klaster yang dianggap paling merepresentasikan fase perawatan di Perusahaan Mental Healthcare. Temuan dalam penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa jumlah hari sejak pasien melakukan registrasi data, jumlah registrasi data yang terkait dengan gangguan kecemasan sosial dalam seminggu terakhir, perbandingan perubahan emosi bertendensi negatif seminggu terakhir dengan seminggu sebelumnya, nilai kuesioner terkait relevansi perawatan, dan nilai rendah di salah satu indikator kuesioner merupakan features pembeda untuk setiap fase perawatan. Selain itu, features tersebut memiliki kesesuaian tingkat urgensi paling relevan dengan daftar prioritas terapis pada saat menangani pasien. Meskipun demikian, penelitian lebih lanjut dan komprehensif perlu dilakukan untuk memahami dampak dari feature pembeda di setiap klaster agar dapat diarahkan pada pembuatan model klasifikasi untuk membuat sistem rekomendasi pasien berdasarkan tingkat urgensi penangananannya.

Abstract Background Indonesia has the second highest incidence of tuberculosis in the world. While 74% of people with tuberculosis in Indonesia first accessed the private health sector when seeking care for their symptoms, only 18% of tuberculosis notifications originate in the private sector. Little is known about the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the private sector. Using unannounced standardized patient visits to private providers, we aimed to measure quality of tuberculosis care during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted using standardized patients in Bandung City, West Java, Indonesia. Ten standardized patients completed 292 visits with private providers between 9 July 2021 and 21 January 2022, wherein standardized patients presented a presumptive tuberculosis case. Results were compared to standardized patients surveys conducted in the same geographical area before the onset of COVID-19. Results Overall, 35% (95% confidence interval (CI): 29.2–40.4%) of visits were managed correctly according to national tuberculosis guidelines. There were no significant differences in the clinical management of presumptive tuberculosis patients before and during the COVID-19 pandemic, apart from an increase in temperature checks (adjusted odds ratio (aOR): 8.05, 95% CI: 2.96–21.9, p

Every job in a coffee shop has a salary. Salary is a form of recognition or imbalance for the results achieved. Salary is often also called wages, which is an imbalance in the services provided regularly to employees. Fuzzy has several methods, one of which is Fuzzy Mamdani which is used to make inferences or take the best decision in a problem that has subtle values. In 1975, Ebrahim Mamdani proposed the Fuzzy Mamdani method. Fuzzy Mamdani is a method that uses linguistic rules and has a fuzzy algorithm so that it can be explained mathematically and is easy to understand. The input values for the criteria for length of work are 8, experience 8, and dependents 4. The output is based on Fuzzy Mamdani's calculations, the employee gets a salary of IDR 2.21 million. The results of this study research that the wage income offered by Warkop IN`DA to its employees is good and not far from the minimum wage of the coffee shop. This third variable has a big influence on the final calculation results. The system created is quite good because the MAE result is 0.567 and the MAPE result is 36.720%.

Indonesia is a heterogeneous country and has thirty-four provinces from Sabang to Merauke. There are many cultures in Indonesia. Every province has their different culture from others. One of the existing provinces in Indonesia is Riau province. Riau is a province that is located in Sumatera Island. Riau province has culture in folk games. A folk game is a game played traditionally that is owned by people and inherited to the next generation. Nowadays, the younger generation love to play alone using smartphone rather than played together in the folk game. So that the Author conduct research introduction to folk games to young generation by developed game that is played in smartphone, in this case is Android. Game introduces four folk games, which are adu biji para, statak, gasing, and congklak. All these folk games are found in Riau province. The game was developed using Game Development Life Cycle (GDLC) methodology that has six stages and every stage has output for the next stage. This research uses qualitative methodology in collected data that used in this research.

Reflection material is very important for students to master when studying transformation material. However, reflection material is still difficult for students to understand. Therefore, this research aims to create a learning trajectory that can help students understand the concept of reflection using the context of the Tedhak Siten tradition with the help of GeoGebra software in grade 9th of SMP Negeri 6 Semarang. This research uses a design research method consisting of three stages: preliminary design, design experiment, and retrospective analysis. In this research, a series of learning activities were designed and developed based on the (Realistic Mathematics Education) RME approach. This research involved 6 grade 9th students. The result of this research is a learning trajectory that includes a series of learning processes in three activities, namely: 1) Observing the Tedhak Siten tradition video to find the definition and characteristics of reflection; 2) Finding formulas and reflection results; and 3) Resolving contextual problems related to reflection. The conducted activity can aid in improving students’ comprehension of reflection material. The research results showed that students could discover the characteristics and definitions of reflection, find formulas and reflection results, and solve contextual problems related to reflection.

Ayam petelur merupakan salah satu ternak unggas yang dapat menghasilkan produk hewani berupa telur dan daging sehingga biasa disebut dwiguna. Ayam petelur dalam pemberian pakan dapat menggunakan pakan alternatif berupa Maggot Black Soldier Fly (BSF). Maggot Black Soldier Fly (BSF) merupakan salah satu jenis insekta yang memiliki kadar protein tinggi dan dapat digunakan sebagai bahan baku pakan ternak. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian tambahan variasi kombinasi tepung maggot 0%, 25%, 50%, 75% terhadap kadar glukosa dan asam urat darah ayam petelur. Penelitian telah mendapatkan Keterangan Laik Etik No. 010-KEP-UB-2023. Pengambilan sampel darah penelitian dilakukan pada ayam Isa brown fase layer berumur 22 minggu. Pemeriksaan kimia darah dilakukan untuk melihat kadar glukosa dan asam urat darah menggunakan alat Sinocare Safe® AQ UA. Data yang diperoleh kemudian dianalisa menggunakan metode one-way ANOVA lalu dilanjutkan dengan uji Tukey untuk mengetahui perbandingan antar kelompok perlakuan. Hasil kadar glukosa darah ayam petelur fase layer yang diberi tambahan variasi kombinasi tepung maggot tidak memiliki perbedaan yang signifikan dengan nilai (P>0,05). Pemberian perlakuan pakan pada semua kelompok tidak memberikan pengaruh terhadap kadar glukosa. Hasil kadar glukosa yang didapatkan pada penelitian berada dalam kisaran 188,60-199,80 mg/dL. Hasil kadar asam urat pada ayam petelur fase layer yang diberi tambahan variasi kombinasi tepung maggot 25% dan 50% tidak berbeda nyata dengan pemberian 100% tepung ikan. Kelompok pemberian pakan 50% tepung maggot dan 75% tepung maggot dapat meningkatkan kadar asam urat sama dengan kelompok kontrol negatif yang diberi pakan komersial. Hasil kadar asam urat yang didapatkan pada penelitian berada dalam kisaran 3,90-7,16 mg/dL. Rekomendasi persentase tepung maggot yang dapat digunakan untuk tambahan pakan ayam petelur fase layer adalah 25%.

Donowarih village, located in Malang Regency, East Java, Indonesia, is closed to the Universitas Brawijaya’s Educational Forest (known as UB Forest). The village has various potential local commodities such as orange fruits and batik. During harvesting season, the price of orange fruits declined, and inadequate storage system has led to a rapid deterioration of orange fruits. Furthermore, various problems faced by the community, such as poverty and lack of knowledge/skills, are becoming the major challenges to be tackled. On the other hand, orange fruits and batik are potential to be diversified into high value-added products, which can be done through the introduction of post-harvesting technology and trainings for skills improvement. Furthermore, the Indonesian Government program of one village one product (OVOP) is becoming key drivers to any community engagement program in Indonesia.

The study aims to fill the research gap by examining the relationship between ESG ratings and firm value in energy companies and whether company profitability controls this relationship. The study uses multiple regression models to test this hypothesis and examines the impact of Tobin's Q, profitability, and ESG ratings on firm value. The study sample is energy sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2015-2022. The result of this paper is a negative relationship between Tobin's Q and ESG performance, indicating that firms with higher market valuations may prioritize shareholder value over ESG considerations. On the other hand, there is a positive relationship between NPM and ESG performance, suggesting that companies with higher profitability may have more resources to invest in sustainable and socially responsible practices. The lack of a significant relationship between ROE and ESG performance suggests that the financial returns to equity shareholders may not directly impact on a company's ESG initiatives. The positive relationship between ROA and ESG Performance aligns with the idea that companies with efficient asset utilization are better positioned to invest in sustainable practices. The negative relationship between GPM and ESG Performance suggests that companies with higher gross profit margins may face pressure to cut costs, potentially at the expense of environmental or social responsibility.

Background: During the COVID-19 pandemic, there is an increased risk of computer vision syndrome (CVS), a group of eye and vision-related symptoms due to prolonged digital device use. The study on the prevalence of micronutrient intake deficiencies among Indonesia's adult population in 2018 found micronutrient deficiencies which are essential in eye structure and physiology. Objectives: to determine whether a lack of micronutrient intake contributes to the incidence of CVS among students. Methods: The study used a cross-sectional design. The data were taken online from 34 Nutrition Science Study Program students of Universitas Pembangunan Nasional “Veteran” Jakarta. Data were taken using four repeated 24-hour food recalls and questionnaires. Diagnosis of CVS using the Computer Vision Syndrome Questionnaire, which consists of 16 questions about the frequency and intensity of each symptom. Micronutrient intake was analyzed using the Nutrisurvey 2007 application. Univariate analysis was conducted to describe the characteristics of the variables. An unpaired t-test or Mann-Whitney test was used to test the hypothesis of the difference in micronutrient intake between the non-CVS group and the CVS group. Results: 22 of 34 (64.7%) subjects had CVS, and most of the subjects lacked micronutrient intake. There were no differences in subject characteristics and behavior of computer use between the CVS group and the non-CVS group (p > 0.05). The two groups did not differ in Fe, Mg, Cu, Vitamin E, Vitamin A, Retinol, Vitamin C, and Omega 3 intake (p > 0.05). However, the unpaired t-test showed a significant difference in Zn intake between the two groups (p = 0.036; CI = 0.125-2.716). Conclusions: Zn intake is essential in preventing CVS. Further research is needed on the benefits of Zn to prevent CVS.

Leaders may be identified by their particular habits, disposition, character, and personality, which allow them to stand out from the crowd in terms of conduct and style. His conduct and style of leadership will undoubtedly be influenced by this way of living. The ability to inspire others to alter their views in order to conform to the goals and will of the leader is known as leadership, or the creative moral power. In the Seskoal Unit, leadership has inherent value in assessing and evaluating members of their unit for their performance in addition to issuing commands to subordinates. A competent leader would constantly inspire their followers to operate in accordance with Indonesian standards and regulations, using a leadership approach that incorporates local knowledge. The goal of this study is to clarify the leadership approach used by Seskoal leaders in order to raise unit performance. The research methodology used is a qualitative approach employing a descriptive technique, which is the process of creating and researching scientific publications by thoroughly describing the problem's topic and investigating data sources that are pertinent to the issues raised by the literature reviews. The assessment concludes that the Seskoal Unit commanders' leadership style focuses two strategies: commanding subordinates in addition to provide inspiration and assessment.

The Indonesian government ensures that MSMEs will once again become heroes of national economic revival in 2023. Currently there are around 20 million MSMEs that have been digitalized or on board on e-commerce platforms from the target of 30 million by early 2024. However, until now, there are still many MSMEs who think that Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology is only intended for large-scale businesses, so they are afraid or reluctant to take part in the training provided. This research is a qualitative study with a case study approach. Data collection was carried out through in-depth interviews with MSMEs from Central Java, East Java, South Sulawesi, East Kalimantan and Bali. The aim is to obtain data and information regarding how to implement Artificial Intelligence training and mentoring programs for MSMEs, what obstacles are encountered in implementing the training, and what solutions can be taken to overcome these obstacles. The results of this research show that training related to AI or digital technology organized by the Shopee Training Center can be well received by MSME players because the material is relevant to their needs, the instructors are competent and professional, the facilities provided are very complete with assistance for the participants who have completed the training.

XYZ University has a scholarship program intended for outstanding students. Determination of recipients of outstanding scholarships is still constrained by the unclear system for determining scholarship recipients. This can affect the fairness of receiving scholarships. Students who really deserve to get a scholarship do not receive the scholarship. The solution to overcome this problem, the researcher came up with an idea in the form of a Multi-Objective Optimization by Ratio Analysis (MOORA) Decision Support System method, with the aim of being able to solve the problem of selecting an objective scholarship acceptance process. The MOORA method was chosen because it can solve the problem with a fairly effective method. After conducting research, it was found that 5 (five) candidates were eligible to receive scholarships for outstanding students, namely Alt7, Alt10, Alt37, Alt49, and Alt35. Furthermore, from the results of this study, it was concluded that students who get achievement scholarships are students with the highest scores from the results of the MOORA method, there is no element of subjectivity.

The conditions of vulnerability and potential security threats in the sea area of the southern part of Java Island and the level of ability of elements operating in the area are still inadequate both in quality and quantity. This thesis uses qualitative research methods. Some of the vulnerabilities that can occur include illegal fishing, smuggling, pollution at sea, illegal crossing, terrorism at sea, and people smuggling. These threats can endanger Indonesia's interests in many aspects such as defense and security, the economy, and territorial sovereignty. Therefore a plan is needed to conceptualize the installation of a coastal radar to improve security in the area. The IMSS (Integrated Maritime Surveillance System) radar, which is already operating in the Malacca Strait area as an empirical example, will develop the coastal radar concept in the southern region of Java Island. With the existence of a coastal radar in the area that functions as an early warning system, it is hoped that all forms of threats and violations can be anticipated very well. The addition of a security element in the sea area of the southern part of Java Island in the form of installing a coastal surveillance radar is very important to implement given that the level of capability of the security elements operating in the area is considered to be insufficient for security in the wider sea area.

Toba Nauli is a group with a typical traditional genre of the Batak tribe with a unique way of managing the group and performing differently from other groups in general. Player substitutions happen at every event. For 8 years, Toba Nauli Music Group has been in the business of providing music services, especially Batak music. So, the question in this phenomenon is what form of management and how can the management function be applied to Toba Nauli Music Group? This study uses a qualitative descriptive method to analyze the management forms and functions of the Toba Nauli musical group and some data obtained through documentary research, observation, interviews, and documents. Data analysis techniques are performed by collecting data, presenting data, reducing data and drawing conclusions, and then checking the validity of the data by Triangulation method.The research results show that Toba Nauli Music Group has a management form, namely (1) the legal basis including the form of organizational structure, management structure, management policy, and it turns out that they have not prepared Drafting the Group Charter (AD) and Internal Regulations (ART). Music Toba Nauli; (2) Management functions include planning, organizing, monitoring, and targeting. It can be concluded that Toba Nauli Music Group has a qualified performing arts and organization management system even though there is no written AD/ART and can perform all possible management functions. maintains existence to this day.

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kondisi awal pembelajaran sebelum menggunakan model Problem Based Learning (PBL), mengetahui proses pembelajaran, dan mengetahui hasil pembelajaran dengan menggunakan model Problem Based Learning (PBL) dalam pembelajaran IPAS pada siswa kelas IV A SDN 1 Cirendang Kecamatan Kuningan Kabupaten Kuningan. Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif. Data dikumpulkan melalui lembar observasi guru, lembar observasi siswa, dan soal tes hasil belajar dengan menggunakan analisis rumus persentase. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Kondisi awal hasil belajar siswa sebelum menggunakan model Problem Based Learning (PBL) persentase kentuntasan belajarnya sebesar 37% (Kurang Baik). Proses pembelajaran dengan menggunakan model Problem Based Learning (PBL) untuk persentase aktivitas guru selama pembelajaran pada siklus I sudah mencapai 85,86% (Baik) dan mengalami peningkatan pada siklus II sebesar 96,73% (Baik Sekali). Sedangkan persentase aktivitas siswa selama proses pembelajan pada siklus I sudah mencapai 82,60% (Baik) dan mengalami peningkatan pada siklus II sebesar 94,56% (Baik Sekali). Selanjutnya hasil pembelajaran dengan menggunakan model Problem Based Learning (PBL) diperoleh persentase pada siklus I sudah mencapai 41% (Kurang baik) dan pada siklus II mengalami peningkatan menjadi 89% (Baik). Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa Peningkatan Hasil Belajar IPAS Melalui Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning (PBL) pada Siswa Kelas IV A SDN 1 Cirendang Kecamatan Kuningan Kabupaten Kuningan sudah tercapai.

Abstract Background Capsules are created to put a drug or active pharmaceutical ingredient in an elegant, odorless, tasteless, easy-to-swallow and to-fill shell commonly produced from gelatin. Therefore, carrageenan is one of the other natural ingredients that can replace gelatin. This study aims to make capsule shells from carrageenan seaweed (Eucheuma cottonii) with variations in carrageenan composition and temperature using potato starch as a gelling agent with the addition of PEG as a plasticizer and to determine the kinetics model of the drug release system from the capsules that have been made. Results In the research there are two variations namely composition and temperature. The capsule shell dissolution test results were calculated using kinetic models of order 0, order 1, Higuchi, and Korsmeyer-Peppas. The result on zero order is that at the C composition and temperature 55 ºC variations obtained the reaction rate constant (k) are 1.05 and 1.27 min respectively. While in first order obtained the reaction rate constant of 4.59 × 10–2 and 2.06 × 10−2 min−1 respectively at variations in capsule D composition and temperature of 60ºC. In the Higuchi model, the correlation coefficient for composition variation is better than temperature variation of 0.92. In the Korsmeyyer-Peppas model, the value of reaction rate constant (k) at composition C and temperature of 55 ºC variations are 1.41 × 10–2 and 9.49 × 10−3 min−n. Conclusions The Korsmeyyer–Peppas kinetic model is suitable for illustrating the drug release kinetics of capsule shells from seaweed carrageenan extract (Eucheuma cottonii) and potato starch as a gelling agent.

IntroductionThe World Health Organization (WHO) declared increasing services for latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) a priority to eliminate tuberculosis (TB) by 2035. Yet, there is little information about thehuman resource needs required to implement LTBI treatment scale-up. Our study aimed to estimate the change in healthcare workers (HCW) time spent on different patient care activities, following an intervention to strengthen LTBI services.MethodsWe conducted a time and motion (TAM) study, observing HCW throughout a typical workday before and after the intervention (Evaluation and Strengthening phases, respectively) at 24 health facilities in five countries. The precise time spent on pre-specified categories of work activities was recorded. Time spent on direct patient care was subcategorized as relating to one of three conditions: LTBI, active or suspected TB, and non-TB (i.e., patients with any other medical condition). A linear mixed model (LMM) was fit to estimate the change in HCW time following the intervention.ResultsA total of 140 and 143 HCW participated in the TAMs during the Evaluation and Strengthening phases, respectively. Results from intervention facilities showed an increase of 9% (95% CI: 3%, 15%) in the proportion of HCW time spent on LTBI-related services, but with a corresponding change of -11% (95% CI: -21%, -1%) on active TB services. There was no change in the proportion of time spent on LTBI care in control facilities; this remained low in both phases of the study.DiscussionOur findings suggest that additional HCW personnel will be required for expansion of LTBI services to ensure that this expansion does not reduce the time available for care of active TB patients.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan proses penyelesaian sengketa pada kontrak pengadaan barang/jasa pemerintah di Kota Tangerang. Metode penelitian adalah yuridis empiris. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat sengketa pada pelaksanaan kontrak pengadaan barang/jasa di Kota Tangerang antara Dinas Pekerjaan Umum dan Penataan Ruang Kota Tangerang dengan penyedia barang/jasa selama tahun anggaran 2021 yaitu berupa ketidaksesuaian antara sisa kemampuan paket yang disampaikan oleh penyedia dengan kenyataan yang ada di lapangan. Penyelesaian atas permasalahan yang terjadi antara Dinas Pekerjaan Umum Kota Tangerang dengan Penyedia yang bersengketa adalah melalui jalur non-litigasi dengan melakukan penetapan sanksi daftar hitam penyedia oleh pengguna anggaran Dinas Pekerjaan Umum dan Penataan Ruang sesuai dengan peraturan yang berlaku.

In Indonesia, government-owned Community Health Centers (CHCs) spearhead tuberculosis (TB) care at the primary level, but a substantial proportion of individuals with pulmonary TB also seek care from Private Practitioners (PPs). However, little is known about PPs' practice in managing patients with TB-associated symptoms. To avoid bias associated with self-administered surveys, we used standardized patients (SPs) to evaluate PPs' adherence to the national TB guidelines. Four clinical scenarios of individuals presenting complaints suggestive of TB, accompanied by different sputum smear results or TB treatment histories were developed. We assigned 12 trained SPs to PPs practicing in 30 CHC catchment areas in Bandung city, Indonesia. For comparison, two scenarios were also presented to the CHCs. A total of 341 successful SP visits were made to 225 private general practitioners (GPs), 29 private specialists, and 30 CHCs. When laboratory results were not available, adherence to the recommended course of action, i.e., sputum examination, was low among private GPs (31%) and private specialists (20%), while it was requested in 87% of visits to the CHCs. PPs preferred chest X-ray (CXR) in all scenarios, with requests made in 66% of visits to private GPs and 84% of visits to private specialists (vs. 8% CHCs). Prescriptions of incorrect TB drug regimens were reported from 7% and 13% of visits to private GPs and specialists, respectively, versus none of the CHCs. Indonesian PPs have a clear preference for CXR over microbiological testing for triaging presumptive TB patients, and inappropriate prescription of TB drugs is not uncommon. These findings warrant actions to increase awareness among PPs about the importance of microbiological testing and of administering appropriate TB drug regimens. SP studies can be used to assess the impact of these interventions on providers' adherence to guidelines.

The implementation of digital technology in cultural heritage in Indonesia started to develop in the past decade. However, Indonesia's iconography studies have not optimized to utilize these advanced approaches. In some other countries, iconographic documentation is upgraded to advanced methods, such as recording objects in 3D form and archiving it into secure digital data, thus making the data more natural and realistic in three-dimensional documentation. It also catches and records the shape from all perspectives to bring neither a specific nor comprehensive observation. Therefore, it can extend the analysis for interpretation and preservation purposes. This article discusses the implementation of photogrammetry towards sculptural objects in Indonesia. The object selection went to several sculptures from the Ancient Mataram period in Java, which ruled from the 8th to 10th centuries AD. Close-range photogrammetry successfully generates the sculpture data into three-dimensional digital form. The results could support the Ancient Mataram sculptures studies in particular and improve Indonesia's iconography studies in general. Penerapan teknologi digital dalam bidang warisan budaya di Indonesia semakin berkembang dalam satu dekade terakhir. Namun, studi ikonografi Indonesia belum optimal untuk memanfaatkan pendekatan-pendekatan canggih tersebut. Sementara di beberapa negara lain, dokumentasi ikonografis ditingkatkan ke metode yang lebih canggih, seperti merekam objek dalam bentuk 3D dan mengarsipkannya ke dalam ruang digital. Teknologi digital juga memungkinkan warisan budaya direkam secara detail dan lengkap, sehingga dapat memperluas analisis untuk tujuan interpretasi dan pelestarian. Artikel ini membahas tentang penerapan fotogrametri terhadap benda pahat di Indonesia. Pemilihan objek dilakukan pada beberapa patung dari masa Mataram Kuno di Jawa yang memerintah pada abad ke-8 hingga ke-10 Masehi. Fotogrametri jarak dekat yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berhasil merekam data pahatan ke dalam bentuk digital tiga dimensi. Hasil penelitian ini dapat mendukung kajian seni pahat Mataram Kuno pada khususnya dan meningkatkan kajian ikonografi Indonesia pada umumnya.