Search

Objective To compare the diagnostic values of transperineal and transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate puncture for prostate cancer in patients with gray / sub-gray zone of prostate-specific antigen （PSA）. Methods A total of 110 samples were collected from patients with PSA≤20 ng/mL who underwent transperineal and transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate puncture. All patients were divided into two groups according to different patterns of prostate puncture. The detection rates of prostate cancer and CsPCa of patients with PSA in the gray/ sub-gray zone were compared between two different puncture methods. Surgical conditions and degree of pain were compared between two groups，including operation time，bleeding，intra-operative and post-operative VAS pain scores. The incidence of complications was also compared between two groups，including pain，fever and hematuria，etc. The probability of complications was assessed in two groups. Results The detection rate of prostate cancer in the transperineal ultrasound-guided prostate puncture was higher than that in the transrectal prostate puncture （P<0.05）. Further subgroup analyses showed no statistical significance in the detection rates of prostate cancer in patients with PSA gray zone between two groups （P>0.05），but patients with PSA sub-gray zone in the transperineal ultrasound-guided prostate puncture group had a higher detection rate （P<0.05）. PSA sub-gray zone CsPCa in the PSA sub-gray zone accounted for a higher proportion of patients with positive puncture than that in the PSA gray zone （P<0.05）. There was no significant difference between two different puncture methods in terms of puncture time，bleeding，degree of pain and incidence of complications （all P>0.05）. Conclusions For patients with PSA gray zone，there is no significant difference in the detection rate of prostate cancer between two modalities. Nevertheless，for patients with PSA between 10-20 ng/mL sub-gray zone，transperineal ultrasound-guided prostate puncture yields better diagnostic and application value compared with transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate puncture.

Objective To investigate the differences of intestinal flora in Vitamin D adequacy and deficiency groups of children with autism spectrum disorder(ASD) and the correlation between serum total 25-hydroxyvitamin D [T-25(OH)D] levels and intestinal flora. Methods ASD children who attended the outpatient clinic of the department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology of Peking Union Medical College Hospital during October 2009 and February 2022 were retrospectively included in the study. According to the serum T-25(OH)D levels, they were divided into Vitamin D adequacy group[T-25(OH)D > 30 μg/L], Vitamin D insufficiency group[20 μg/L≤T-25(OH)D≤30 μg/L] and Vitamin D deficiency group[T-25(OH)D < 20 μg/L].Serum T-25(OH)D levels were measured using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Human gut metagenome data from these children with ASD were analyzed using bioinformatics methods. Results 46 children with ASD who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were included in the study. The numbers of patients in Vitamin D adequacy group, Vitamin D insufficiency group and Vitamin D deficiency group were respectively 15, 16 and 15. Linear discriminant analysis revealed that the bacteria abundance of Bilophila wadsworthia, Adlercreutzia equolifaciens, Asaccharobacter celatus and Escherichia coli were significantly enriched, while the bacteria abundance of Bacteroides fragilis and Hungatella hathewayi were significantly lower in the Vitamin D deficiency group. The relative abundance of Bilophila wadsworthia and Adlercreutzia equolifaciens were negatively correlated with serum T-25(OH)D levels(r=-0.45, fdr=0.055, P=0.002;r=-0.44, fdr=0.055, P=0.003), and the relative abundance of Bacteroides fragilis was positively correlated with serum T-25(OH)D levels (r=0.42, fdr=0.073, P=0.004). Conclusions Vitamin D deficiency in ASD may exacerbate ASD flora disorders, and decreased serum T-25(OH)D levels may facilitate potentially harmful bacteria but inhibit probiotic colonization. This study provides partial evidence that children with ASD should be actively supplemented with vitamin D.

Sodium percarbonate (SPC) is recently developed as the most promising alternative for liquid H2O2 on the sewage treatment, because of its excellent explosion-resistance, high stability and safety. Herein, we first designed and synthesized a series of Mo-based/carbon nanocomposites (MoCNs) with core–shell and nanorod structures, derived from metal organic frameworks, for activating percarbonate in the efficient removal of tetracycline. The detailed characterizations confirmed MoCN-600 (a mixture of MoO3, MoC and MoO2) exhibited a nanorod structure with outer Zn and Co co-doped carbon layer. MoCN-600/SPC system exhibited a strong anti-interference ability for common anions and organic matter in TC degradation. Quenching tests and EPR results demonstrated that ·CO3− was the dominating reactive oxygen species in MoCN-600/SPC system. Compared with H2O2, MoCN-600/SPC system presented the excellent catalytic performance in TC degradation at a wider pH range. This work not only provides an efficient method for the synthesis of Mo-based heterogeneous catalysts, but also offers an excellent catalytic system for antibiotics removal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The brown planthopper Nilaparvata lugens (Stål) (BPH) is a main rice pest in China and many other Asian countries. In the control of BPH, the application of insect-resistant rice has proven to be quite effective. Secondary metabolites are essential weapons in plants' defense against phytophagous insects. Studies have found that differences in the content of secondary metabolites play a crucial role in determining whether rice exhibits resistance or susceptibility to BPH. Simultaneously, symbionts are essential to the BPH. Nevertheless, there is limited research on the impact of secondary metabolites on the symbionts within BPH. Therefore, investigating the influence of secondary metabolites on both BPH and their symbionts is significant for the control of BPH. In this experiment, newly emerged female adults of BPH were fed artificial diets containing 10 different secondary metabolites. The results indicated that methyl jasmonate had inhibitory effects on the survival rate, weight gain, and reproductive capacity of BPH. Using qPCR methods, it was discovered that the number of symbiotic fungi (Ascomycetes symbionts) within BPH significantly decreased under methyl jasmonate stress. In conclusion, this experiment has preliminarily revealed the inhibitory effects of methyl jasmonate on BPH and its symbionts, demonstrating its potential for controlling BPH. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: The aim of the study is to investigate the effect of Cynomorium songaricum (CS) on the damage caused by cyclophosphamide (CP) in SD rats. Methods: Rats with CP-induced oligoasthenospermia were treated with different concentration of CS. Testicle weight, epididymal sperm count (ESC), sperm motility, and serum testosterone were analyzed, and expression levels of Thy1, Oct4, PLZF, C-kit, and GDNF were detected in testis tissues. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was performed to observe the effect of CS on the spermatogenic damage by CP. Results: Compared with the CP group, there were significant differences in testicle weight, ESC, and sperm motility (p0.05). The qPCR results revealed a significant difference in Thy1, Oct4, PLZF and GDNF expression between the CP group and CS group (p 0.05). The damage of CP was cured by CS observed under TEM. Conclusion: CS can increase sperm counts in the epididymis and improve sperm motility and has a therapeutic effect on the spermatogenic damage caused by CP in SD rats.