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1. Prognostic gene expression signature for high-grade serous ovarian cancer

Author

Millstein, J, Budden, T, Goode, EL, Anglesio, MS, Talhouk, A, Intermaggio, MP, Leong, HS, Chen, S, Elatre, W, Gilks, B, Nazeran, T, Volchek, M, Bentley, RC, Wang, C, Chiu, DS, Kommoss, S, Leung, SCY, Senz, J, Lum, A, Chow, V, Sudderuddin, H, Mackenzie, R, George, J, Group, AOCS, Bowtell, D, Chenevix-Trench, G, Green, A, Webb, P, DeFazio, A, Gertig, D, Traficante, N, Fereday, S, Moore, S, Hung, J, Harrap, K, Sadkowsky, T, Pandeya, N, Malt, M, Mellon, A, Robertson, R, Bergh, T Vanden, Jones, M, Mackenzie, P, Maidens, J, Nattress, K, Chiew, YE, Stenlake, A, Sullivan, H, Alexander, B, Ashover, P, Brown, S, Corrish, T, Green, L, Jackman, L, Ferguson, K, Martin, K, Martyn, A, Ranieri, B, White, J, Jayde, V, Mamers, P, Bowes, L, Galletta, L, Giles, D, Hendley, J, Alsop, K, Schmidt, T, Shirley, H, Ball, C, Young, C, Viduka, S, Tran, Hoa, Bilic, Sanela, Glavinas, Lydia, Brooks, Julia, Stuart-Harris, R, Kirsten, F, Rutovitz, J, Clingan, P, Glasgow, A, Proietto, A, Braye, S, Otton, G, Shannon, J, Bonaventura, T, Stewart, J, Begbie, S, Friedlander, M, Bell, D, Baron-Hay, S, Ferrier, AA, Gard, G, Nevell, D, Pavlakis, N, Valmadre, S, Young, B, Camaris, C, Crouch, R, Edwards, L, and Hacker, N

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Oncology and Carcinogenesis, Genetic Testing, Genetics, Cancer, Ovarian Cancer, Rare Diseases, 4.2 Evaluation of markers and technologies, 4.4 Population screening, Detection, screening and diagnosis, Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous, Female, Humans, Ovarian Neoplasms, Prognosis, Proportional Hazards Models, Survival Analysis, Transcriptome, formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded, gene expression, high-grade serous ovarian cancer, overall survival, prognosis, AOCS Group, Oncology & Carcinogenesis, Clinical sciences, Oncology and carcinogenesis
Abstract

BackgroundMedian overall survival (OS) for women with high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) is ∼4 years, yet survival varies widely between patients. There are no well-established, gene expression signatures associated with prognosis. The aim of this study was to develop a robust prognostic signature for OS in patients with HGSOC.Patients and methodsExpression of 513 genes, selected from a meta-analysis of 1455 tumours and other candidates, was measured using NanoString technology from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tumour tissue collected from 3769 women with HGSOC from multiple studies. Elastic net regularization for survival analysis was applied to develop a prognostic model for 5-year OS, trained on 2702 tumours from 15 studies and evaluated on an independent set of 1067 tumours from six studies.ResultsExpression levels of 276 genes were associated with OS (false discovery rate < 0.05) in covariate-adjusted single-gene analyses. The top five genes were TAP1, ZFHX4, CXCL9, FBN1 and PTGER3 (P < 0.001). The best performing prognostic signature included 101 genes enriched in pathways with treatment implications. Each gain of one standard deviation in the gene expression score conferred a greater than twofold increase in risk of death [hazard ratio (HR) 2.35, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.02-2.71; P < 0.001]. Median survival [HR (95% CI)] by gene expression score quintile was 9.5 (8.3 to -), 5.4 (4.6-7.0), 3.8 (3.3-4.6), 3.2 (2.9-3.7) and 2.3 (2.1-2.6) years.ConclusionThe OTTA-SPOT (Ovarian Tumor Tissue Analysis consortium - Stratified Prognosis of Ovarian Tumours) gene expression signature may improve risk stratification in clinical trials by identifying patients who are least likely to achieve 5-year survival. The identified novel genes associated with the outcome may also yield opportunities for the development of targeted therapeutic approaches.

Published
2020

2. MyD88 and TLR4 Expression in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer

Author

Block, Matthew S, Vierkant, Robert A, Rambau, Peter F, Winham, Stacey J, Wagner, Philipp, Traficante, Nadia, Tołoczko, Aleksandra, Tiezzi, Daniel G, Taran, Florin Andrei, Sinn, Peter, Sieh, Weiva, Sharma, Raghwa, Rothstein, Joseph H, Ramón y Cajal, Teresa, Paz-Ares, Luis, Oszurek, Oleg, Orsulic, Sandra, Ness, Roberta B, Nelson, Gregg, Modugno, Francesmary, Menkiszak, Janusz, McGuire, Valerie, McCauley, Bryan M, Mack, Marie, Lubiński, Jan, Longacre, Teri A, Li, Zheng, Lester, Jenny, Kennedy, Catherine J, Kalli, Kimberly R, Jung, Audrey Y, Johnatty, Sharon E, Jimenez-Linan, Mercedes, Jensen, Allan, Intermaggio, Maria P, Hung, Jillian, Herpel, Esther, Hernandez, Brenda Y, Hartkopf, Andreas D, Harnett, Paul R, Ghatage, Prafull, García-Bueno, José M, Gao, Bo, Fereday, Sian, Eilber, Ursula, Edwards, Robert P, de Sousa, Christiani B, de Andrade, Jurandyr M, Chudecka-Głaz, Anita, Chenevix-Trench, Georgia, Cazorla, Alicia, Brucker, Sara Y, Group, Australian Ovarian Cancer Study, Bowtell, D, Chenevix-Trench, G, Green, A, Webb, P, DeFazio, A, Gertig, D, Traficante, N, Fereday, S, Moore, S, Hung, J, Harrap, K, Sadkowsky, T, Pandeya, N, Malt, M, Mellon, A, Robertson, R, Bergh, T Vanden, Jones, M, Mackenzie, P, Maidens, J, Nattress, K, Chiew, YE, Stenlake, A, Sullivan, H, Alexander, B, Ashover, P, Brown, S, Corrish, T, Green, L, Jackman, L, Ferguson, K, Martin, K, Martyn, A, Ranieri, B, White, J, Jayde, V, Mamers, P, Bowes, L, Galletta, L, Giles, D, Hendley, J, Alsop, K, Schmidt, T, Shirley, H, Ball, C, Young, C, and Viduka, S

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Oncology and Carcinogenesis, Clinical Research, Cancer, Rare Diseases, Ovarian Cancer, Adult, Aged, Biomarkers, Tumor, Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial, Female, Humans, Immunohistochemistry, Middle Aged, Myeloid Differentiation Factor 88, Ovarian Neoplasms, Survival Analysis, Tissue Array Analysis, Toll-Like Receptor 4, Australian Ovarian Cancer Study Group, Medical and Health Sciences, Biomedical and clinical sciences
Abstract

ObjectiveTo evaluate myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88 (MyD88) and Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) expression in relation to clinical features of epithelial ovarian cancer, histologic subtypes, and overall survival.Patients and methodsWe conducted centralized immunohistochemical staining, semi-quantitative scoring, and survival analysis in 5263 patients participating in the Ovarian Tumor Tissue Analysis consortium. Patients were diagnosed between January 1, 1978, and December 31, 2014, including 2865 high-grade serous ovarian carcinomas (HGSOCs), with more than 12,000 person-years of follow-up time. Tissue microarrays were stained for MyD88 and TLR4, and staining intensity was classified using a 2-tiered system for each marker (weak vs strong).ResultsExpression of MyD88 and TLR4 was similar in all histotypes except clear cell ovarian cancer, which showed reduced expression compared with other histotypes (P

Published
2018

4. Refined cut-off for TP53 immunohistochemistry improves prediction of TP53 mutation status in ovarian mucinous tumors: implications for outcome analyses

Author

Kang, Eun Young, Cheasley, Dane, LePage, Cecile, Wakefield, Matthew J., da Cunha Torres, Michelle, Rowley, Simone, Salazar, Carolina, Xing, Zhongyue, Allan, Prue, Bowtell, David D.L., Mes-Masson, Anne-Marie, Provencher, Diane M., Rahimi, Kurosh, Kelemen, Linda E., Fasching, Peter A., Doherty, Jennifer A., Goodman, Marc T., Goode, Ellen L., Deen, Suha, Pharoah, Paul D.P., Brenton, James D., Sieh, Weiva, Mateoiu, Constantina, Sundfeldt, Karin, Cook, Linda S., Le, Nhu D., Anglesio, Michael S., Gilks, C. Blake, Huntsman, David G., Kennedy, Catherine J., Traficante, Nadia, Bowtell, D., Chenevix-Trench, G., Green, A., Webb, P., DeFazio, A., Gertig, D., Traficante, N., Fereday, S., Moore, S., Hung, J., Harrap, K., Sadkowsky, T., Pandeya, N., Malt, M., Mellon, A., Robertson, R., Bergh, T. Vanden, Jones, M., Mackenzie, P., Maidens, J., Nattress, K., Chiew, Y.E., Stenlake, A., Sullivan, H., Alexander, B., Ashover, P., Brown, S., Corrish, T., Green, L., Jackman, L., Ferguson, K., Martin, K., Martyn, A., Ranieri, B., White, J., Jayde, V., Mamers, P., Bowes, L., Galletta, L., Giles, D., Hendley, J., Alsop, K., Schmidt, T., Shirley, H., Ball, C., Young, C., Viduka, S., Tran, Hoa, Bilic, Sanela, Glavinas, Lydia, Brooks, Julia, Stuart-Harris, R., Kirsten, F., Rutovitz, J., Clingan, P., Glasgow, A., Proietto, A., Braye, S., Otton, G., Shannon, J., Bonaventura, T., Stewart, J., Begbie, S., Friedlander, M., Bell, D., Baron-Hay, S., Ferrier, A., Gard, G., Nevell, D., Pavlakis, N., Valmadre, S., Young, B., Camaris, C., Crouch, R., Edwards, L., Hacker, N., Marsden, D., Robertson, G., Beale, P., Beith, J., Carter, J., Dalrymple, C., Houghton, R., Russell, P., Links, M., Grygiel, J., Hill, J., Brand, A., Byth, K., Jaworski, R., Harnett, P., Sharma, R., Wain, G., Ward, B., Papadimos, D., Crandon, A., Cummings, M., Horwood, K., Obermair, A., Perrin, L., Wyld, D., Nicklin, J., Davy, M., Oehler, M.K., Hall, C., Dodd, T., Healy, T., Pittman, K., Henderson, D., Miller, J., Pierdes, J., Blomfield, P., Challis, D., McIntosh, R., Parker, A., Brown, B., Rome, R., Allen, D., Grant, P., Hyde, S., Laurie, R., Robbie, M., Healy, D., Jobling, T., Manolitsas, T., McNealage, J., Rogers, P., Susil, B., Sumithran, E., Simpson, I., Phillips, K., Rischin, D., Fox, S., Johnson, D., Lade, S., Loughrey, M., O'Callaghan, N., Murray, W., Waring, P., Billson, V., Pyman, J., Neesham, D., Quinn, M., Underhill, C., Bell, R., Ng, L.F., Blum, R., Ganju, V., Hammond, I., Leung, Y., McCartney, A., Buck, M., Haviv, I., Purdie, D., Whiteman, D., Zeps, N., DeFazio, Anna, Kaufmann, Scott, Churchman, Michael, Gourley, Charlie, Stephens, Andrew N., Meagher, Nicola S., Ramus, Susan J., Antill, Yoland C., Campbell, Ian, Scott, Clare L., Köbel, Martin, Gorringe, Kylie L., Ryland, Georgina L., Allan, Prue E., Alsop, Kathryn, Ananda, Sumitra, Au-Yeung, George, Böhm, Maret, Brand, Alison, Chenevix-Trench, Georgia, Christie, Michael, Chiew, Yoke-Eng, Dudley, Rhiannon, Fairweather, Nicole, Fereday, Sian, Fox, Stephen B., Hacker, Neville F., Hadley, Alison M., Hendley, Joy, Ho, Gwo-Yaw, Hunter, Sally M., Jobling, Tom W., Kalli, Kimberly R., Kaufmann, Scott H., Le Page, Cecile, McNally, Orla M., McAlpine, Jessica N., Mileshkin, Linda, Pyman, Jan, Samimi, Goli, Sharma, Ragwha, and Campbell, Ian G.

Published
2021
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5. Timing of whole genome duplication is associated with tumor-specific MHC-II depletion in serous ovarian cancer.

Author

Burdett, Nikki L., Willis, Madelynne O., Pandey, Ahwan, Twomey, Laura, Alaei, Sara, Bowtell, D., Chenevix-Trench, G., Green, A., Webb, P., DeFazio, A., Gertig, D., Traficante, N., Fereday, S., Moore, S., Hung, J., Harrap, K., Sadkowsky, T., Pandeya, N., Bowes, L., and Galletta, L.

Subjects
MAJOR histocompatibility complex, OVARIAN cancer, HOMOLOGOUS recombination, GENOMES, TREATMENT effectiveness, OVERALL survival, OVARIAN follicle, WNT signal transduction
Abstract

Whole genome duplication is frequently observed in cancer, and its prevalence in our prior analysis of end-stage, homologous recombination deficient high grade serous ovarian cancer (almost 80% of samples) supports the notion that whole genome duplication provides a fitness advantage under the selection pressure of therapy. Here, we therefore aim to identify potential therapeutic vulnerabilities in primary high grade serous ovarian cancer with whole genome duplication by assessing differentially expressed genes and pathways in 79 samples. We observe that MHC-II expression is lowest in tumors which have acquired whole genome duplication early in tumor evolution, and further demonstrate that reduced MHC-II expression occurs in subsets of tumor cells rather than in canonical antigen-presenting cells. Early whole genome duplication is also associated with worse patient survival outcomes. Our results suggest an association between the timing of whole genome duplication, MHC-II expression and clinical outcome in high grade serous ovarian cancer that warrants further investigation for therapeutic targeting. There is high prevalence of whole genome duplication (WGD) in high grade serous ovarian cancer. Here, the authors compare tumours with and without WGD and find that those that acquired WGD early during tumour evolution are associated with worse survival and have the lowest expression of MHC-II. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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6. Prognostic gene expression signature for high-grade serous ovarian cancer

Author

Bowtell, D., Chenevix-Trench, G., Green, A., Webb, P., DeFazio, A., Gertig, D., Traficante, N., Fereday, S., Moore, S., Hung, J., Harrap, K., Sadkowsky, T., Pandeya, N., Malt, M., Mellon, A., Robertson, R., Vanden Bergh, T., Jones, M., Mackenzie, P., Maidens, J., Nattress, K., Chiew, Y.E., Stenlake, A., Sullivan, H., Alexander, B., Ashover, P., Brown, S., Corrish, T., Green, L., Jackman, L., Ferguson, K., Martin, K., Martyn, A., Ranieri, B., White, J., Jayde, V., Mamers, P., Bowes, L., Galletta, L., Giles, D., Hendley, J., Alsop, K., Schmidt, T., Shirley, H., Ball, C., Young, C., Viduka, S., Tran, Hoa, Bilic, Sanela, Glavinas, Lydia, Brooks, Julia, Stuart-Harris, R., Kirsten, F., Rutovitz, J., Clingan, P., Glasgow, A., Proietto, A., Braye, S., Otton, G., Shannon, J., Bonaventura, T., Stewart, J., Begbie, S., Friedlander, M., Bell, D., Baron-Hay, S., Ferrier,a, A., Gard, G., Nevell, D., Pavlakis, N., Valmadre, S., Young, B., Camaris, C., Crouch, R., Edwards, L., Hacker, N., Marsden, D., Robertson, G., Beale, P., Beith, J., Carter, J., Dalrymple, C., Houghton, R., Russell, P., Links, M., Grygiel, J., Hill, J., Brand, A., Byth, K., Jaworski, R., Harnett, P., Sharma, R., Wain, G., Ward, B., Papadimos, D., Crandon, A., Cummings, M., Horwood, K., Obermair, A., Perrin, L., Wyld, D., Nicklin, J., Davy, M., Oehler, M.K., Hall, C., Dodd, T., Healy, T., Pittman, K., Henderson, D., Miller, J., Pierdes, J., Blomfield, P., Challis, D., McIntosh, R., Parker, A., Brown, B., Rome, R., Allen, D., Grant, P., Hyde, S., Laurie, R., Robbie, M., Healy, D., Jobling, T., Manolitsas, T., McNealage, J., Rogers, P., Susil, B., Sumithran, E., Simpson, I., Phillips, K., Rischin, D., Fox, S., Johnson, D., Lade, S., Loughrey, M., O’Callaghan, N., Murray, W., Waring, P., Billson, V., Pyman, J., Neesham, D., Quinn, M., Underhill, C., Bell, R., Ng, L.F., Blum, R., Ganju, V., Hammond, I., Leung, Y., McCartney, A., Buck, M., Haviv, I., Purdie, D., Whiteman, D., Zeps, N., Millstein, J., Budden, T., Goode, E.L., Anglesio, M.S., Talhouk, A., Intermaggio, M.P., Leong, H.S., Chen, S., Elatre, W., Gilks, B., Nazeran, T., Volchek, M., Bentley, R.C., Wang, C., Chiu, D.S., Kommoss, S., Leung, S.C.Y., Senz, J., Lum, A., Chow, V., Sudderuddin, H., Mackenzie, R., George, J., Steed, H., Koziak, J.M., Köbel, M., McNeish, I.A., Goranova, T., Ennis, D., Macintyre, G., Silva De Silva, D., Ramón y Cajal, T., García-Donas, J., Hernando Polo, S., Rodriguez, G.C., Cushing-Haugen, K.L., Harris, H.R., Greene, C.S., Zelaya, R.A., Behrens, S., Fortner, R.T., Sinn, P., Herpel, E., Lester, J., Lubiński, J., Oszurek, O., Tołoczko, A., Cybulski, C., Menkiszak, J., Pearce, C.L., Pike, M.C., Tseng, C., Alsop, J., Rhenius, V., Song, H., Jimenez-Linan, M., Piskorz, A.M., Gentry-Maharaj, A., Karpinskyj, C., Widschwendter, M., Singh, N., Kennedy, C.J., Harnett, P.R., Gao, B., Johnatty, S.E., Sayer, R., Boros, J., Winham, S.J., Keeney, G.L., Kaufmann, S.H., Larson, M.C., Luk, H., Hernandez, B.Y., Thompson, P.J., Wilkens, L.R., Carney, M.E., Trabert, B., Lissowska, J., Brinton, L., Sherman, M.E., Bodelon, C., Hinsley, S., Lewsley, L.A., Glasspool, R., Banerjee, S.N., Stronach, E.A., Haluska, P., Ray-Coquard, I., Mahner, S., Winterhoff, B., Slamon, D., Levine, D.A., Kelemen, L.E., Benitez, J., Chang-Claude, J., Gronwald, J., Wu, A.H., Menon, U., Goodman, M.T., Schildkraut, J.M., Wentzensen, N., Brown, R., Berchuck, A., deFazio, A., Gayther, S.A., García, M.J., Henderson, M.J., Rossing, M.A., Beeghly-Fadiel, A., Fasching, P.A., Orsulic, S., Karlan, B.Y., Konecny, G.E., Huntsman, D.G., Bowtell, D.D., Brenton, J.D., Doherty, J.A., Pharoah, P.D.P., and Ramus, S.J.

Published
2020
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7. Small-scale mutations are infrequent as mechanisms of resistance in post-PARP inhibitor tumour samples in high grade serous ovarian cancer.

Author

Burdett, Nikki L., Willis, Madelynne O., Pandey, Ahwan, Fereday, Sian, Bowtell, D., Chenevix-Trench, G., Green, A., Webb, P., DeFazio, A., Gertig, D., Traficante, N., Fereday, S., Moore, S., Hung, J., Harrap, K., Sadkowsky, T., Pandeya, N., Malt, M., Mellon, A., and Robertson, R.

Subjects
POLY ADP ribose, OVARIAN cancer, HOMOLOGOUS recombination, DNA mismatch repair, RECOMBINANT DNA, FALLOPIAN tubes, GENETIC mutation, DNA repair
Abstract

While the introduction of poly-(ADP)-ribose polymerase (PARP) inhibitors in homologous recombination DNA repair (HR) deficient high grade serous ovarian, fallopian tube and primary peritoneal cancers (HGSC) has improved patient survival, resistance to PARP inhibitors frequently occurs. Preclinical and translational studies have identified multiple mechanisms of resistance; here we examined tumour samples collected from 26 women following treatment with PARP inhibitors as part of standard of care or their enrolment in clinical trials. Twenty-one had a germline or somatic BRCA1/2 mutation. We performed targeted sequencing of 63 genes involved in DNA repair processes or implicated in ovarian cancer resistance. We found that just three individuals had a small-scale mutation as a definitive resistance mechanism detected, having reversion mutations, while six had potential mechanisms of resistance detected, with alterations related to BRCA1 function and mutations in SHLD2. This study indicates that mutations in genes related to DNA repair are detected in a minority of HGSC patients as genetic mechanisms of resistance. Future research into resistance in HGSC should focus on copy number, transcriptional and epigenetic aberrations, and the contribution of the tumour microenvironment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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8. The association between BRAF‐V600E mutations and death from thin (≤1.00 mm) melanomas: a nested case‐case study from Queensland, Australia

Author

Claeson, M., primary, Tan, S. X., additional, Lambie, D., additional, Brown, S., additional, Walsh, M. D., additional, Baade, P. D., additional, Pandeya, N., additional, Whitehead, K. J., additional, Soyer, H. P., additional, Smithers, B. M., additional, Whiteman, D. C., additional, and Khosrotehrani, K., additional

Published
2023
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11. Copy Number Variants Are Ovarian Cancer Risk Alleles at Known and Novel Risk Loci

Author

Devries, Amber A, Dennis, Joe, Tyrer, Jonathan P, Peng, Pei-chen, Coetzee, Simon G, Reyes, Alberto L, Plummer, Jasmine T, Davis, Brian D, Chen, Stephanie S, Dezem, Felipe Segato, Aben, Katja K H, Anton-culver, Hoda, Antonenkova, Natalia N, Beckmann, Matthias W, Beeghly-fadiel, Alicia, Berchuck, Andrew, Bogdanova, Natalia V, Bogdanova-markov, Nadja, Brenton, James D, Butzow, Ralf, Campbell, Ian, Chang-claude, Jenny, Chenevix-trench, G, Cook, Linda S, Defazio, A, Doherty, Jennifer A, Dörk, Thilo, Eccles, Diana M, Eliassen, A Heather, Fasching, Peter A, Fortner, Renée T, Giles, Graham G, Goode, Ellen L, Goodman, Marc T, Gronwald, Jacek, Webb, P, Friedlander, M, Obermair, A, Grant, P, Nagle, C, Beesley, V, Chevenix-trench, G, Bowtell, D, Blomfield, P, Brand, A, Davis, A, Leung, Y, Nicklin, J, Quinn, M, Livingstone, K, O'neill, H, Williams, M, Black, A, Hadley, A, Glasgow, A, Garrett, A, Rao, A, Shannon, C, Steer, C, Allen, D, Neesham, D, Otton, G, Au-yeung, G, Goss, G, Wain, G, Gard, G, Robertson, G, Lombard, J, Tan, J, Mcneilage, J, Power, J, Coward, J, Miller, J, Carter, J, Lamont, J, Wong, K M, Reid, K, Perrin, L, Milishkin, L, Nascimento, M, Buck, M, Bunting, M, Harrison, M, Chetty, N, Hacker, N, Mcnally, O, Harnett, P, Beale, P, Awad, R, Mohan, R, Farrell, R, Mcintosh, R, Rome, R, Sayer, R, Houghton, R, Hogg, R, Land, R, Baron-hay, S, Paramasivum, S, Pather, S, Hyde, S, Salfinger, S, Valmadre, S, Jobling, T, Manolitsas, T, Bonaventura, T, Arora, V, Green, A, Gertig, D, Traficante, N, Fereday, S, Moore, S, Hung, J, Harrap, K, Sadkowsky, T, Pandeya, N, Malt, M, Robertson, R, Bergh, T Vanden, Jones, M, Mckenzie, P, Maidens, J, Nattress, K, Chiew, Y E, Stenlake, A, Sullivan, H, Alexander, B, Ashover, P, Brown, S, Corrish, T, Green, L, Jackman, L, Ferguson, K, Martin, K, Martyn, A, Ranieri, B, White, J, Jayde, V, Bowes, L, Mamers, P, Galletta, L, Giles, D, Hendley, J, Alsop, K, Schmidt, T, Shirley, H, Ball, C, Young, C, Viduka, S, Tran, H, Bilic, S, Glavinas, L, Brooks, J, Stuart-harris, R, Kirsten, F, Rutovitz, J, Clingan, P, Proietto, A, Braye, S, Shannon, J, Stewart, J, Begbie, S, Håkansson, Niclas, Hildebrandt, Michelle A T, Huff, Chad, Huntsman, David G, Jensen, Allan, Kar, Siddhartha, Karlan, Beth Y, Khusnutdinova, Elza K, Kiemeney, Lambertus A, Kjaer, Susanne K, Kupryjanczyk, Jolanta, Labrie, Marilyne, Lambrechts, Diether, Le, Nhu D, Lubiński, Jan, May, Taymaa, Menon, Usha, Milne, Roger L, Modugno, Francesmary, Monteiro, Alvaro N, Moysich, Kirsten B, Odunsi, Kunle, Olsson, Håkan, Pearce, Celeste L, Pejovic, Tanja, Ramus, Susan J, Riboli, Elio, Riggan, Marjorie J, Romieu, Isabelle, Sandler, Dale P, Schildkraut, Joellen M, Setiawan, V Wendy, Sieh, Weiva, Song, Honglin, Sutphen, Rebecca, Terry, Kathryn L, Thompson, Pamela J, Titus, Linda, Tworoger, Shelley S, Van Nieuwenhuysen, Els, Edwards, Digna Velez, Webb, Penelope M, Wentzensen, Nicolas, Whittemore, Alice S, Wolk, Alicja, Wu, Anna H, Ziogas, Argyrios, Freedman, Matthew L, Lawrenson, Kate, Pharoah, Paul D P, Easton, Douglas F, Gayther, Simon A, Jones, Michelle R, Helsinki University Hospital Area, Clinicum, Department of Pathology, and HUSLAB

Subjects
Cancer Research, GENES, DNA Copy Number Variations, SUSCEPTIBILITY LOCI, 3122 Cancers, Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, BREAST, Humans, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, BRCA2 MUTATIONS, GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION, Alleles, Ovarian Neoplasms, Cancer och onkologi, Science & Technology, IDENTIFICATION, REARRANGEMENTS, COMMON VARIANTS, GERMLINE MUTATIONS, DELETIONS, Oncology, Urological cancers Radboud Institute for Health Sciences [Radboudumc 15], Cancer and Oncology, Female, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, Genome-Wide Association Study
Abstract

Background Known risk alleles for epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) account for approximately 40% of the heritability for EOC. Copy number variants (CNVs) have not been investigated as EOC risk alleles in a large population cohort. Methods Single nucleotide polymorphism array data from 13 071 EOC cases and 17 306 controls of White European ancestry were used to identify CNVs associated with EOC risk using a rare admixture maximum likelihood test for gene burden and a by-probe ratio test. We performed enrichment analysis of CNVs at known EOC risk loci and functional biofeatures in ovarian cancer–related cell types. Results We identified statistically significant risk associations with CNVs at known EOC risk genes; BRCA1 (PEOC = 1.60E-21; OREOC = 8.24), RAD51C (Phigh-grade serous ovarian cancer [HGSOC] = 5.5E-4; odds ratio [OR]HGSOC = 5.74 del), and BRCA2 (PHGSOC = 7.0E-4; ORHGSOC = 3.31 deletion). Four suggestive associations (P Conclusions CNVs in BRCA1 have been previously reported in smaller studies, but their observed frequency in this large population-based cohort, along with the CNVs observed at BRCA2 and RAD51C gene loci in EOC cases, suggests that these CNVs are potentially pathogenic and may contribute to the spectrum of disease-causing mutations in these genes. CNVs are likely to occur in a wider set of susceptibility regions, with potential implications for clinical genetic testing and disease prevention.

Published
2022

12. Response to Lehrer and Rheinstein.

Author

Tuesley, KM, Webb, PM, Protani, MM, Spilsbury, K, Pearson, S-A, Coory, MD, Donovan, P, Steer, C, Stewart, LM, Pandeya, N, Jordan, SJ, Tuesley, KM, Webb, PM, Protani, MM, Spilsbury, K, Pearson, S-A, Coory, MD, Donovan, P, Steer, C, Stewart, LM, Pandeya, N, and Jordan, SJ

Published
2022

13. Nitrogen-based Bisphosphonate Use and Ovarian Cancer Risk in Women Aged 50 Years and Older.

Author

Tuesley, KM, Webb, PM, Protani, MM, Spilsbury, K, Pearson, S-A, Coory, MD, Donovan, P, Steer, C, Stewart, LM, Pandeya, N, Jordan, SJ, Tuesley, KM, Webb, PM, Protani, MM, Spilsbury, K, Pearson, S-A, Coory, MD, Donovan, P, Steer, C, Stewart, LM, Pandeya, N, and Jordan, SJ

Abstract

BACKGROUND: There are few readily modifiable risk factors for epithelial ovarian cancer; preclinical studies suggest bisphosphonates could have chemopreventive actions. Our study aimed to assess the association between use of nitrogen-based bisphosphonate medicine and risk of epithelial ovarian cancer, overall and by histotype. METHODS: We conducted a case-control study nested within a large, linked administrative dataset including all Australian women enrolled for Medicare, Australia's universal health insurance scheme, between July 2002 and December 2013. We included all women with epithelial ovarian cancer diagnosed at age 50 years and older between July 1, 2004, and December 31, 2013 (n = 9367) and randomly selected up to 5 controls per case, individually matched to cases by age, state of residence, area-level socioeconomic status, and remoteness of residence category (n = 46 830). We used prescription records to ascertain use of nitrogen-based bisphosphonates (ever use and duration of use), raloxifene, and other osteoporosis medicines (no nitrogen-based bisphosphonates, strontium and denosumab). We calculated adjusted odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) using conditional logistic regression. RESULTS: Ever use of nitrogen-based bisphosphonates was associated with a reduced risk of epithelial ovarian cancer compared with no use (OR = 0.81, 95% CI = 0.75 to 0.88). There was a reduced risk of endometrioid (OR = 0.51, 95% CI = 0.33 to 0.79) and serous histotypes (OR = 0.84, 95% CI = 0.75 to 0.93) but no association with the mucinous or clear cell histotypes. CONCLUSION: Use of nitrogen-based bisphosphonates was associated with a reduced risk of endometrioid and serous ovarian cancer. This suggests the potential for use for prevention, although validation of our findings is required.

Published
2022

15. Refined cut-off for TP53 immunohistochemistry improves prediction of TP53 mutation status in ovarian mucinous tumors: implications for outcome analyses.

Author

Friedlander M., Russell P., Links M., Grygiel J., Hill J., Byth K., Jaworski R., Harnett P., Wain G., Ward B., Papadimos D., Crandon A., Cummings M., Horwood K., Obermair A., Perrin L., Wyld D., Nicklin J., Davy M., Oehler M.K., Hall C., Dodd T., Healy T., Pittman K., Henderson D., Miller J., Pierdes J., Blomfield P., Challis D., McIntosh R., Parker A., Brown B., Rome R., Allen D., Grant P., Hyde S., Laurie R., Robbie M., Healy D., Jobling T., Manolitsas T., McNealage J., Rogers P., Susil B., Sumithran E., Simpson I., Phillips K., Rischin D., Fox S., Johnson D., Lade S., Loughrey M., O'Callaghan N., Murray W., Waring P., Billson V., Pyman J., Neesham D., Quinn M., Underhill C., Bell R., Ng L.F., Blum R., Ganju V., Hammond I., Leung Y., McCartney A., Buck M., Haviv I., Purdie D., Whiteman D., Zeps N., Kaufmann S., Meagher N.S., Ramus S.J., Campbell I., Cheasley D., Wakefield M.J., Ryland G.L., Allan P.E., Alsop K., Ananda S., Anglesio M.S., Au-Yeung G., Bohm M., Bowtell D.D.L., Brand A., Chenevix-Trench G., Christie M., Chiew Y.-E., Churchman M., DeFazio A., Dudley R., Fairweather N., Fereday S., Fox S.B., Gilks C.B., Gourley C., Hacker N.F., Hadley A.M., Hendley J., Ho G.-Y., Huntsman D.G., Hunter S.M., Jobling T.W., Kalli K.R., Kaufmann S.H., Kennedy C.J., Kobel M., Le Page C., McNally O.M., McAlpine J.N., Mileshkin L., Jan Pyman, Rahimi K., Samimi G., Sharma R., Stephens A.N., Traficante N., Antill Y.C., Scott C.L., Campbell I.G., Gorringe K.L., Kang E.Y., LePage C., da Cunha Torres M., Rowley S., Salazar C., Xing Z., Allan P., Mes-Masson A.-M., Provencher D.M., Kelemen L.E., Fasching P.A., Doherty J.A., Goodman M.T., Goode E.L., Deen S., Pharoah P.D.P., Brenton J.D., Sieh W., Mateoiu C., Sundfeldt K., Cook L.S., Le N.D., Bowtell D., Green A., Webb P., Gertig D., Moore S., Hung J., Harrap K., Sadkowsky T., Pandeya N., Malt M., Mellon A., Robertson R., Bergh T.V., Jones M., Mackenzie P., Maidens J., Nattress K., Chiew Y.E., Stenlake A., Sullivan H., Alexander B., Ashover P., Brown S., Corrish T., Green L., Jackman L., Ferguson K., Martin K., Martyn A., Ranieri B., White J., Jayde V., Mamers P., Bowes L., Galletta L., Giles D., Schmidt T., Shirley H., Ball C., Young C., Viduka S., Tran H., Bilic S., Glavinas L., Brooks J., Stuart-Harris R., Kirsten F., Rutovitz J., Clingan P., Glasgow A., Proietto A., Braye S., Otton G., Shannon J., Bonaventura T., Stewart J., Begbie S., Bell D., Baron-Hay S., Ferrier A., Gard G., Nevell D., Pavlakis N., Valmadre S., Young B., Camaris C., Crouch R., Edwards L., Hacker N., Marsden D., Robertson G., Beale P., Beith J., Carter J., Dalrymple C., Houghton R., Friedlander M., Russell P., Links M., Grygiel J., Hill J., Byth K., Jaworski R., Harnett P., Wain G., Ward B., Papadimos D., Crandon A., Cummings M., Horwood K., Obermair A., Perrin L., Wyld D., Nicklin J., Davy M., Oehler M.K., Hall C., Dodd T., Healy T., Pittman K., Henderson D., Miller J., Pierdes J., Blomfield P., Challis D., McIntosh R., Parker A., Brown B., Rome R., Allen D., Grant P., Hyde S., Laurie R., Robbie M., Healy D., Jobling T., Manolitsas T., McNealage J., Rogers P., Susil B., Sumithran E., Simpson I., Phillips K., Rischin D., Fox S., Johnson D., Lade S., Loughrey M., O'Callaghan N., Murray W., Waring P., Billson V., Pyman J., Neesham D., Quinn M., Underhill C., Bell R., Ng L.F., Blum R., Ganju V., Hammond I., Leung Y., McCartney A., Buck M., Haviv I., Purdie D., Whiteman D., Zeps N., Kaufmann S., Meagher N.S., Ramus S.J., Campbell I., Cheasley D., Wakefield M.J., Ryland G.L., Allan P.E., Alsop K., Ananda S., Anglesio M.S., Au-Yeung G., Bohm M., Bowtell D.D.L., Brand A., Chenevix-Trench G., Christie M., Chiew Y.-E., Churchman M., DeFazio A., Dudley R., Fairweather N., Fereday S., Fox S.B., Gilks C.B., Gourley C., Hacker N.F., Hadley A.M., Hendley J., Ho G.-Y., Huntsman D.G., Hunter S.M., Jobling T.W., Kalli K.R., Kaufmann S.H., Kennedy C.J., Kobel M., Le Page C., McNally O.M., McAlpine J.N., Mileshkin L., Jan Pyman, Rahimi K., Samimi G., Sharma R., Stephens A.N., Traficante N., Antill Y.C., Scott C.L., Campbell I.G., Gorringe K.L., Kang E.Y., LePage C., da Cunha Torres M., Rowley S., Salazar C., Xing Z., Allan P., Mes-Masson A.-M., Provencher D.M., Kelemen L.E., Fasching P.A., Doherty J.A., Goodman M.T., Goode E.L., Deen S., Pharoah P.D.P., Brenton J.D., Sieh W., Mateoiu C., Sundfeldt K., Cook L.S., Le N.D., Bowtell D., Green A., Webb P., Gertig D., Moore S., Hung J., Harrap K., Sadkowsky T., Pandeya N., Malt M., Mellon A., Robertson R., Bergh T.V., Jones M., Mackenzie P., Maidens J., Nattress K., Chiew Y.E., Stenlake A., Sullivan H., Alexander B., Ashover P., Brown S., Corrish T., Green L., Jackman L., Ferguson K., Martin K., Martyn A., Ranieri B., White J., Jayde V., Mamers P., Bowes L., Galletta L., Giles D., Schmidt T., Shirley H., Ball C., Young C., Viduka S., Tran H., Bilic S., Glavinas L., Brooks J., Stuart-Harris R., Kirsten F., Rutovitz J., Clingan P., Glasgow A., Proietto A., Braye S., Otton G., Shannon J., Bonaventura T., Stewart J., Begbie S., Bell D., Baron-Hay S., Ferrier A., Gard G., Nevell D., Pavlakis N., Valmadre S., Young B., Camaris C., Crouch R., Edwards L., Hacker N., Marsden D., Robertson G., Beale P., Beith J., Carter J., Dalrymple C., and Houghton R.

Abstract

TP53 mutations are implicated in the progression of mucinous borderline tumors (MBOT) to mucinous ovarian carcinomas (MOC). Optimized immunohistochemistry (IHC) for TP53 has been established as a proxy for the TP53 mutation status in other ovarian tumor types. We aimed to confirm the ability of TP53 IHC to predict TP53 mutation status in ovarian mucinous tumors and to evaluate the association of TP53 mutation status with survival among patients with MBOT and MOC. Tumor tissue from an initial cohort of 113 women with MBOT/MOC was stained with optimized IHC for TP53 using tissue microarrays (75.2%) or full sections (24.8%) and interpreted using established criteria as normal or abnormal (overexpression, complete absence, or cytoplasmic). Cases were considered concordant if abnormal IHC staining predicted deleterious TP53 mutations. Discordant tissue microarray cases were re-evaluated on full sections and interpretational criteria were refined. The initial cohort was expanded to a total of 165 MBOT and 424 MOC for the examination of the association of survival with TP53 mutation status, assessed either by TP53 IHC and/or sequencing. Initially, 82/113 (72.6%) cases were concordant using the established criteria. Refined criteria for overexpression to account for intratumoral heterogeneity and terminal differentiation improved concordance to 93.8% (106/113). In the expanded cohort, 19.4% (32/165) of MBOT showed evidence for TP53 mutation and this was associated with a higher risk of recurrence, disease-specific death, and all-cause mortality (overall survival: HR = 4.6, 95% CI 1.5-14.3, p = 0.0087). Within MOC, 61.1% (259/424) harbored a TP53 mutation, but this was not associated with survival (overall survival, p = 0.77). TP53 IHC is an accurate proxy for TP53 mutation status with refined interpretation criteria accounting for intratumoral heterogeneity and terminal differentiation in ovarian mucinous tumors. TP53 mutation status is an important biomarker to identify MB

Published
2021

16. Gastro-oesophageal reflux symptoms and the risks of oesophageal cancer: are the effects modified by smoking, NSAIDs or acid suppressants?

Author

Pandeya, N., Webb, P.M., Sadeghi, S., Green, A.C., and Whiteman, D.C.

Subjects
Esophageal cancer -- Risk factors, Esophageal cancer -- Research, Gastroesophageal reflux -- Research, Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs -- Dosage and administration, Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs -- Research, Smoking -- Health aspects, Smoking -- Research, Antacids -- Dosage and administration, Antacids -- Research, Health
Published
2010

18. Leptin and the risk of Barrett's oesophagus

Author

Kendall, B.J., Macdonald, G.A., Hayward, N.K., Prins, J.B., Brown, I., Walker, N., Pandeya, N., Green, A.C., Webb, P.M., and Whiteman, D.C.

Subjects
Leptin -- Physiological aspects, Leptin -- Research, Barrett's esophagus -- Risk factors, Barrett's esophagus -- Research, Health
Published
2008

19. Combined effects of obesity, acid reflux and smoking on the risk of adenocarcinomas of the oesophagus

Author

Whiteman, D.C., Sadeghi, S., Pandeya, N., Smithers, B.M., Gotley, D.C., Bain, C.J., Webb, P.M., and Green, A.C.

Subjects
Adenocarcinoma -- Risk factors, Esophageal cancer -- Risk factors, Obesity -- Physiological aspects, Obesity -- Research, Gastroesophageal reflux -- Physiological aspects, Gastroesophageal reflux -- Research, Smoking -- Health aspects, Smoking -- Research, Health
Published
2008

20. Does polygenic risk influence associations between sun exposure and melanoma?: a prospective cohort analysis

Author

Olsen, CM, Pandeya, N, Law, MH, MacGregor, S, Iles, MM, Thompson, BS, Green, AC, Neale, RE, Whiteman, DC, and The QSkin Study

Abstract

Melanoma develops as the result of complex interactions between sun exposure and genetic factors. Data on these interactions from prospective studies are scant however. We aimed to quantify the association between ambient and personal ultraviolet (UV) exposure and incident melanoma in a large population‐based prospective study of men and women residing in a high ambient UV setting, and to examine potential gene‐environment interactions. Among participants with genetic data (n=15,373), 420 (2.7%) developed cutaneous melanoma (173 invasive, 247 in situ) during a median follow‐up time of 4.4 years. Country of birth, age at migration, having greater than 50 sunburns in childhood/adolescence and a history of keratinocyte cancer/actinic lesions were significantly associated with melanoma risk. An interaction with polygenic risk was suggested; among people at low polygenic risk, markers of cumulative sun exposure (as measured by actinic damage) were associated with melanoma. In contrast, among people at high polygenic risk, markers of high‐level early life ambient exposure (as measured by place of birth) were associated with melanoma (HR for born in Australia vs. overseas 3.16, 95% CI 1.39‐7.22). These findings suggest interactions between genotype and environment that are consistent with divergent pathways for melanoma development.

Published
2020

21. Body mass index and height and risk of cutaneous melanoma: Mendelian randomization analyses

Author

Dusingize, JC, Olsen, CM, An, J, Pandeya, N, Law, MH, Thompson, BS, Goldstein, AM, Iles, MM, Webb, PM, Neale, RE, Ong, J-S, MacGregor, S, and Whiteman, DC

Abstract

Background Height and body mass index (BMI) have both been positively associated with melanoma risk, although findings for BMI have been less consistent than height. It remains unclear, however, whether these associations reflect causality or are due to residual confounding by environmental and lifestyle risk factors. We re-evaluated these associations using a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) approach. Methods We identified single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for BMI and height from separate genome-wide association study (GWAS) meta-analyses. We obtained melanoma SNPs from the most recent melanoma GWAS meta-analysis comprising 12 874 cases and 23 203 controls. We used the inverse variance-weighted estimator to derive separate causal risk estimates across all SNP instruments for BMI and height. Results Based on the combined estimate derived from 730 SNPs for BMI, we found no evidence of an association between genetically predicted BMI and melanoma [odds ratio (OR) per one standard deviation (1 SD) (4.6 kg/m2) increase in BMI 1.00, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.91–1.11]. In contrast, we observed a positive association between genetically-predicted height (derived from a pooled estimate of 3290 SNPs) and melanoma risk [OR 1.08, 95% CI: 1.02–1.13, per 1 SD (9.27 cm) increase in height]. Sensitivity analyses using two alternative MR methods yielded similar results. Conclusions These findings provide no evidence for a causal association between higher BMI and melanoma, but support the notion that height is causally associated with melanoma risk. Mechanisms through which height influences melanoma risk remain unclear, and it remains possible that the effect could be mediated through diverse pathways including growth factors and even socioeconomic status.

Published
2020

22. Type of menopause, age of menopause and variations in the risk of incident cardiovascular disease: Pooled analysis of individual data from 10 international studies.

Author

Mishra G.D., Giles G.G., Bruinsma F., Demakakos P., Simonsen M.K., Sandin S., Weiderpass E., Zhu D., Chung H.-F., Dobson A.J., Pandeya N., Brunner E.J., Kuh D., Greenwood D.C., Hardy R., Cade J.E., Mishra G.D., Giles G.G., Bruinsma F., Demakakos P., Simonsen M.K., Sandin S., Weiderpass E., Zhu D., Chung H.-F., Dobson A.J., Pandeya N., Brunner E.J., Kuh D., Greenwood D.C., Hardy R., and Cade J.E.

Abstract

STUDY QUESTION: How does the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) vary with type and age of menopause? SUMMARY ANSWER: Earlier surgical menopause (e.g. <45 years) poses additional increased risk of incident CVD events, compared to women with natural menopause at the same age, and HRT use reduced the risk of CVD in women with early surgical menopause. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY: Earlier age at menopause has been linked to an increased risk of CVD mortality and all-cause mortality, but the extent that this risk of CVD varies by type of menopause and the role of postmenopausal HRT use in reducing this risk is unclear. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION: Pooled individual-level data of 203 767 postmenopausal women from 10 observational studies that contribute to the International collaboration for a Life course Approach to reproductive health and Chronic disease Events (InterLACE) consortium were included in the analysis. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS: Postmenopausal women who had reported menopause (type and age of menopause) and information on non-fatal CVD events were included. Type of menopause (natural menopause and surgical menopause) and age at menopause (categorised as <35, 35-39, 40-44, 45-49, 50-54 and >=55 years) were exposures of interest. Natural menopause was defined as absence of menstruation over a period of 12 months (no hysterectomy and/or oophorectomy) and surgical menopause as removal of both ovaries. The study outcome was the first non-fatal CVD (defined as either incident coronary heart disease (CHD) or stroke) event ascertained from hospital medical records or self-reported. We used Cox proportional hazards models to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CI for non-fatal CVD events associated with natural menopause and surgical menopause. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE: Compared with natural menopause, surgical menopause was associated with over 20% higher risk of CVD (HR 1.22, 95% CI 1.16-1.28). After the stratified analysis by age at menopau

Published
2020

23. Vasomotor menopausal symptoms and risk of cardiovascular disease: a pooled analysis of six prospective studies.

Author

Zhu, D, Chung, H-F, Dobson, AJ, Pandeya, N, Anderson, DJ, Kuh, D, Hardy, R, Brunner, EJ, Avis, NE, Gold, EB, El Khoudary, SR, Crawford, SL, Mishra, GD, Zhu, D, Chung, H-F, Dobson, AJ, Pandeya, N, Anderson, DJ, Kuh, D, Hardy, R, Brunner, EJ, Avis, NE, Gold, EB, El Khoudary, SR, Crawford, SL, and Mishra, GD

Abstract

Background

Menopausal vasomotor symptoms (ie, hot flashes and night sweats) have been associated with unfavorable risk factors and surrogate markers of cardiovascular disease, but their association with clinical cardiovascular disease events is unclear.

Objective

To examine the associations between different components of vasomotor symptoms, timing of vasomotor symptoms, and risk of cardiovascular disease.

Study design

We harmonized and pooled individual-level data from 23,365 women in 6 prospective studies that contributed to the International Collaboration for a Life Course Approach to Women's Reproductive Health and Chronic Disease Events consortium. Women who experienced cardiovascular disease events before baseline were excluded. The associations between frequency (never, rarely, sometimes, and often), severity (never, mild, moderate, and severe), and timing (before or after age of menopause; ie, early or late onset) of vasomotor symptoms and incident cardiovascular disease were analyzed. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals.

Results

In the adjusted model, no evidence of association was found between the frequency of hot flashes and incident cardiovascular disease, whereas women who reported night sweats "sometimes" (hazard ratio, 1.22; 95% confidence interval, 1.02-1.45) or "often" (hazard ratio, 1.29; 95% confidence interval, 1.05-1.58) had higher risk for cardiovascular disease. Increased severity of either hot flashes or night sweats was associated with higher risk of cardiovascular disease. The hazards ratios of cardiovascular disease in women with severe hot flashes, night sweats, and any vasomotor symptoms were 1.83 (95% confidence interval, 1.22-2.73), 1.59 (95% confidence interval, 1.07-2.37), and 2.11 (95% confidence interval, 1.62-2.76), respectively. Women who reported severity of both hot flashes and night sweats had a higher risk for cardiovascular disease (ha

Published
2020

27. Protective role of appendicectomy on onset and severity of ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. (Inflammation and Inflammatory Bowel Disease)

Author

Radford-Smith, G.L., Edwards, J.E., Purdie, D.M., Pandeya, N., Watson, M., Martin, N.G., Green, A., Newman, B., and Florin, T.H.J.

Subjects
Appendectomy -- Health aspects, Inflammatory bowel diseases -- Prevention, Health
Abstract

Background and aims: Recent studies on appendicectomy rates in ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease have generally not addressed the effect of appendicectomy on disease characteristics. The aims of this study [...]

Published
2002

36. BRAF mutations in low-grade serous ovarian cancer and response to BRAF inhibition.

Author

Jones M., Patch A.-M., Alsop K., Ball C., Young C., Schmidt T., Shirley H., Viduka S., Bilic S., Glavinas L., Brooks J., Traficante N., Stuart-Harris R., Kirsten F., Rutovitz J., Clingan P., Glasgow A., Valmadre S., Young B., Camaris C., Crouch R., Edwards L., Hacker N., Marsden D., Robertson G., Beale P., Beith J., Carter J., Dalrymple C., Houghton R., Russell P., Links M., Grygiel J., Hill J., Brand A., Byth K., Jaworski R., Sharma R., Harnett P., Wain G., Friedlander M., Ward B., Papadimos D., Crandon A., Cummings M., Horwood K., Obermair A., Perrin L., Wyld D., Nicklin J., Davy M., Oehler M.K., Hall C., Dodd T., Healy T., Pittman K., Henderson D., Miller J., Pierdes J., Blomfield P., Challis D., McIntosh R., Parker A., Brown B., Rome R., Allen D., Grant P., Hyde S., Laurie R., Robbie M., Healy D., Manolitsas T., McNealage J., Rogers P., Susil B., Sumithran E., Simpson I., Phillips K., Rischin D., Fox S., Johnson D., Lade S., Loughrey M., O'Callaghan N., Murray W., Waring P., Billson V., Pyman J., Neesham D., Quinn M., Underhill C., Ng L.F., Blum R., Ganju V., Hammond I., Leung Y., McCartney A., Buck M., Haviv I., Purdie D., Whiteman D., Zeps N., Bell R., Jobling T., Tran H., Moujaber T., Etemadmoghadam D., Kennedy C.J., Chiew Y.E., Balleine R.L., Saunders C., Wain G.V., Gao B., Hogg R., Srirangan S., Kan C., Fereday S., Pearson J.V., Waddell N., Grimmond S.M., Dobrovic A., Bowtell D.D.L., Harnett P.R., deFazio A., Bowtell D., Chenevix-Trench G., Green A., Webb P., Gertig D., Moore S., Harrap K., Sadkowsky T., Pandeya N., Hung J., Malt M., Alexander B., Ashover P., Brown S., Corrish T., Green L., Jackman L., Ferguson K., Martin K., Martyn A., Ranieri B., Mellon A., Robertson R., Vanden Bergh T., Mackenzie P., Maidens J., Nattress K., Stenlake A., Sullivan H., White J., Jayde V., Mamers P., Bowes L., Galletta L., Giles D., Hendley J., Proietto A., Braye S., Otton G., Shannon J., Bonaventura T., Stewart J., Begbie S., Bell D., Baron-Hay S., Ferrier A., Gard G., Nevell D., Pavlakis N., Jones M., Patch A.-M., Alsop K., Ball C., Young C., Schmidt T., Shirley H., Viduka S., Bilic S., Glavinas L., Brooks J., Traficante N., Stuart-Harris R., Kirsten F., Rutovitz J., Clingan P., Glasgow A., Valmadre S., Young B., Camaris C., Crouch R., Edwards L., Hacker N., Marsden D., Robertson G., Beale P., Beith J., Carter J., Dalrymple C., Houghton R., Russell P., Links M., Grygiel J., Hill J., Brand A., Byth K., Jaworski R., Sharma R., Harnett P., Wain G., Friedlander M., Ward B., Papadimos D., Crandon A., Cummings M., Horwood K., Obermair A., Perrin L., Wyld D., Nicklin J., Davy M., Oehler M.K., Hall C., Dodd T., Healy T., Pittman K., Henderson D., Miller J., Pierdes J., Blomfield P., Challis D., McIntosh R., Parker A., Brown B., Rome R., Allen D., Grant P., Hyde S., Laurie R., Robbie M., Healy D., Manolitsas T., McNealage J., Rogers P., Susil B., Sumithran E., Simpson I., Phillips K., Rischin D., Fox S., Johnson D., Lade S., Loughrey M., O'Callaghan N., Murray W., Waring P., Billson V., Pyman J., Neesham D., Quinn M., Underhill C., Ng L.F., Blum R., Ganju V., Hammond I., Leung Y., McCartney A., Buck M., Haviv I., Purdie D., Whiteman D., Zeps N., Bell R., Jobling T., Tran H., Moujaber T., Etemadmoghadam D., Kennedy C.J., Chiew Y.E., Balleine R.L., Saunders C., Wain G.V., Gao B., Hogg R., Srirangan S., Kan C., Fereday S., Pearson J.V., Waddell N., Grimmond S.M., Dobrovic A., Bowtell D.D.L., Harnett P.R., deFazio A., Bowtell D., Chenevix-Trench G., Green A., Webb P., Gertig D., Moore S., Harrap K., Sadkowsky T., Pandeya N., Hung J., Malt M., Alexander B., Ashover P., Brown S., Corrish T., Green L., Jackman L., Ferguson K., Martin K., Martyn A., Ranieri B., Mellon A., Robertson R., Vanden Bergh T., Mackenzie P., Maidens J., Nattress K., Stenlake A., Sullivan H., White J., Jayde V., Mamers P., Bowes L., Galletta L., Giles D., Hendley J., Proietto A., Braye S., Otton G., Shannon J., Bonaventura T., Stewart J., Begbie S., Bell D., Baron-Hay S., Ferrier A., Gard G., Nevell D., and Pavlakis N.

Abstract

Purpose Low-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (LGSC) responds poorly to chemotherapy and is characterized by activating mutations in the Ras sarcoma-mitogen-activated protein kinase (RAS-MAPK) pathway, including oncogenic BRAF. However, response to BRAF inhibitors is tumor-type specific. Significant improvement in survival is seen in patients with BRAF-mutant melanoma, but other cancer types, such as colorectal cancers, are generally less sensitive. We examined the frequency and characteristics of BRAF-mutated LGSC and described the response to treatment with BRAF inhibitors. Patients and Methods Mutations were assessed in LGSC (N = 65) by using targeted, exome, and whole-genome sequencing. Patient characteristics, treatment, and clinical outcome were assessed, and the median follow-up time was more than 5 years. BRAF inhibitors were trialed in two patients with a somatic BRAF V600E mutation: one patient received dabrafenib monotherapy and was monitored clinically, biochemically (cancer antigen [CA]-125 levels), and with positron emission tomography (PET) imaging. Expression of the BRAF V600E protein in this patient was assessed by immunohistochemistry. Results Among patients with LGSC, nine (13.8%) of 65 had a somatic BRAF mutation. Of the nine patients with BRAF mutation-positive LGSC, four experienced progressive disease that did not respond to conventional chemotherapy. Two of the patients experienced progression quickly and died as a result of disease progression, and two received targeted treatment. Two patients with BRAF V600E mutation received BRAF inhibitors at relapse and both achieved durable responses. Conclusion BRAF mutations are not uncommon in patients with LGSC and should be routinely tested, because BRAF inhibitors can be an effective treatment for these patients. The results highlight the need for targeted treatment in this rare tumor type, and a prospective study is needed to formally assess the response rate and clinical benefit.Copyright © 2019 Am

Published
2019

37. Age at natural menopause and risk of incident cardiovascular disease: a pooled analysis of individual patient data.

Author

Zhu D, Chung H-F, Dobson AJ, Pandeya N, Giles GG, Bruinsma F, Brunner EJ, Kuh D, Hardy R, Avis NE, Gold EB, Derby CA, Matthews KA, Cade JE, Greenwood DC, Demakakos P, Brown DE, Sievert LL, Anderson D, Hayashi K, Lee JS, Mizunuma H, Tillin T, Simonsen MK, Adami H-O, Weiderpass E, Mishra GD, Zhu D, Chung H-F, Dobson AJ, Pandeya N, Giles GG, Bruinsma F, Brunner EJ, Kuh D, Hardy R, Avis NE, Gold EB, Derby CA, Matthews KA, Cade JE, Greenwood DC, Demakakos P, Brown DE, Sievert LL, Anderson D, Hayashi K, Lee JS, Mizunuma H, Tillin T, Simonsen MK, Adami H-O, Weiderpass E, and Mishra GD

Abstract

BACKGROUND:Early menopause is linked to an increased risk of cardiovascular disease mortality; however, the association between early menopause and incidence and timing of cardiovascular disease is unclear. We aimed to assess the associations between age at natural menopause and incidence and timing of cardiovascular disease. METHODS:We harmonised and pooled individual-level data from 15 observational studies done across five countries and regions (Australia, Scandinavia, the USA, Japan, and the UK) between 1946 and 2013. Women who had reported their menopause status, age at natural menopause (if postmenopausal), and cardiovascular disease status (including coronary heart disease and stroke) were included. We excluded women who had hysterectomy or oophorectomy and women who did not report their age at menopause. The primary endpoint of this study was the occurrence of first non-fatal cardiovascular disease, defined as a composite outcome of incident coronary heart disease (including heart attack and angina) or stroke (including ischaemic stroke or haemorrhagic stroke). We used Cox proportional hazards models to estimate multivariate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs for the associations between age at menopause and incident cardiovascular disease event. We also adjusted the model to account for smoking status, menopausal hormone therapy status, body-mass index, and education levels. Age at natural menopause was categorised as premenopausal or perimenopausal, younger than 40 years (premature menopause), 40-44 years (early menopause), 45-49 years (relatively early), 50-51 years (reference category), 52-54 years (relatively late), and 55 years or older (late menopause). FINDINGS:Overall, 301 438 women were included in our analysis. Of these 301 438 women, 12 962 (4·3%) had a first non-fatal cardiovascular disease event after menopause, of whom 9369 (3·1%) had coronary heart disease and 4338 (1·4%) had strokes. Compared with women who had menopause at age 50-51 years, the

Published
2019

43. Body mass index and age at natural menopause: an international pooled analysis of 11 prospective studies

Author

Zhu, D, Chung, H-F, Pandeya, N, Dobson, AJ, Kuh, D, Crawford, SL, Gold, EB, Avis, NE, Giles, GG, Bruinsma, F, Adami, H-O, Weiderpass, E, Greenwood, DC, Cade, JE, Mitchell, ES, Woods, NF, Brunner, EJ, Simonsen, MK, and Mishra, GD

Abstract

Current evidence on the association between body mass index (BMI) and age at menopause remains unclear. We investigated the relationship between BMI and age at menopause using data from 11 prospective studies. A total of 24,196 women who experienced menopause after recruitment was included. Baseline BMI was categorised according to the WHO criteria. Age at menopause, confirmed by natural cessation of menses for ≥ 12 months, was categorised as < 45 years (early menopause), 45–49, 50–51 (reference category), 52–53, 54–55, and ≥ 56 years (late age at menopause). We used multinomial logistic regression models to estimate multivariable relative risk ratios (RRRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the associations between BMI and age at menopause. The mean (standard deviation) age at menopause was 51.4 (3.3) years, with 2.5% of the women having early and 8.1% late menopause. Compared with those with normal BMI (18.5–24.9 kg/m2), underweight women were at a higher risk of early menopause (RRR 2.15, 95% CI 1.50–3.06), while overweight (1.52, 1.31–1.77) and obese women (1.54, 1.18–2.01) were at increased risk of late menopause. Overweight and obesity were also significantly associated with around 20% increased risk of menopause at ages 52–53 and 54–55 years. We observed no association between underweight and late menopause. The risk of early menopause was higher among obese women albeit not significant (1.23, 0.89–1.71). Underweight women had over twice the risk of experiencing early menopause, while overweight and obese women had over 50% higher risk of experiencing late menopause.

Published
2018

45. Methylation of all BRCA1 copies predicts response to the PARP inhibitor rucaparib in ovarian carcinoma.

Author

Jones M., Ferguson K., Martin K., Martyn A., Ranieri B., White J., Jayde V., Mamers P., Bowes L., Giles D., Hendley J., Schmidt T., Shirley H., Ball C., Young C., Viduka S., Tran H., Bilic S., Glavinas L., Brooks J., Stuart-Harris R., Kirsten F., Rutovitz J., Brand A., Byth K., Jaworski R., Harnett P., Sharma R., Wain G., Ward B., Papadimos D., Crandon A., Cummings M., Horwood K., Obermair A., Perrin L., Wyld D., Nicklin J., Davy M., Oehler M.K., Hall C., Dodd T., Healy T., Pittman K., Henderson D., Miller J., Pierdes J., Blomfield P., Challis D., McIntosh R., Parker A., Brown B., Rome R., Allen D., Grant P., Hyde S., Laurie R., Robbie M., Healy D., Manolitsas T., McNealage J., Rogers P., Susil B., Sumithran E., Simpson I., Phillips K., Rischin D., Fox S., Johnson D., Lade S., Loughrey M., O'Callaghan N., Murray W., Waring P., Billson V., Pyman J., Neesham D., Quinn M., Underhill C., Ng L.F., Blum R., Ganju V., Hammond I., Leung Y., McCartney A., Buck M., Haviv I., Purdie D., Whiteman D., Zeps N., deFazio A., McNeish I.A., Bowtell D.D., Swisher E.M., Dobrovic A., Wakefield M.J., Scott C.L., Bell R., Jobling T., Kondrashova O., Topp M., Nesic K., Lieschke E., Ho G.-Y., Harrell M.I., Zapparoli G.V., Hadley A., Holian R., Boehm E., Heong V., Sanij E., Pearson R.B., Krais J.J., Johnson N., McNally O., Ananda S., Alsop K., Hutt K.J., Kaufmann S.H., Lin K.K., Harding T.C., Traficante N., Chenevix-Trench G., Green A., Webb P., Gertig D., Fereday S., Moore S., Hung J., Harrap K., Sadkowsky T., Pandeya N., Malt M., Mellon A., Robertson R., VandenBergh T., Mackenzie P., Maidens J., Nattress K., Chiew Y.E., Stenlake A., Sullivan H., Alexander B., Ashover P., Brown S., Corrish T., Green L., Jackman L., Galletta L., Clingan P., Glasgow A., Proietto A., Braye S., Otton G., Shannon J., Bonaventura T., Stewart J., Begbie S., Friedlander M., Bell D., Baron-Hay S., Ferrier A., Gard G., Nevell D., Pavlakis N., Valmadre S., Young B., Camaris C., Crouch R., Edwards L., Hacker N., Marsden D., Robertson G., Beale P., Beith J., Carter J., Dalrymple C., Houghton R., Russell P., Links M., Grygiel J., Hill J., Jones M., Ferguson K., Martin K., Martyn A., Ranieri B., White J., Jayde V., Mamers P., Bowes L., Giles D., Hendley J., Schmidt T., Shirley H., Ball C., Young C., Viduka S., Tran H., Bilic S., Glavinas L., Brooks J., Stuart-Harris R., Kirsten F., Rutovitz J., Brand A., Byth K., Jaworski R., Harnett P., Sharma R., Wain G., Ward B., Papadimos D., Crandon A., Cummings M., Horwood K., Obermair A., Perrin L., Wyld D., Nicklin J., Davy M., Oehler M.K., Hall C., Dodd T., Healy T., Pittman K., Henderson D., Miller J., Pierdes J., Blomfield P., Challis D., McIntosh R., Parker A., Brown B., Rome R., Allen D., Grant P., Hyde S., Laurie R., Robbie M., Healy D., Manolitsas T., McNealage J., Rogers P., Susil B., Sumithran E., Simpson I., Phillips K., Rischin D., Fox S., Johnson D., Lade S., Loughrey M., O'Callaghan N., Murray W., Waring P., Billson V., Pyman J., Neesham D., Quinn M., Underhill C., Ng L.F., Blum R., Ganju V., Hammond I., Leung Y., McCartney A., Buck M., Haviv I., Purdie D., Whiteman D., Zeps N., deFazio A., McNeish I.A., Bowtell D.D., Swisher E.M., Dobrovic A., Wakefield M.J., Scott C.L., Bell R., Jobling T., Kondrashova O., Topp M., Nesic K., Lieschke E., Ho G.-Y., Harrell M.I., Zapparoli G.V., Hadley A., Holian R., Boehm E., Heong V., Sanij E., Pearson R.B., Krais J.J., Johnson N., McNally O., Ananda S., Alsop K., Hutt K.J., Kaufmann S.H., Lin K.K., Harding T.C., Traficante N., Chenevix-Trench G., Green A., Webb P., Gertig D., Fereday S., Moore S., Hung J., Harrap K., Sadkowsky T., Pandeya N., Malt M., Mellon A., Robertson R., VandenBergh T., Mackenzie P., Maidens J., Nattress K., Chiew Y.E., Stenlake A., Sullivan H., Alexander B., Ashover P., Brown S., Corrish T., Green L., Jackman L., Galletta L., Clingan P., Glasgow A., Proietto A., Braye S., Otton G., Shannon J., Bonaventura T., Stewart J., Begbie S., Friedlander M., Bell D., Baron-Hay S., Ferrier A., Gard G., Nevell D., Pavlakis N., Valmadre S., Young B., Camaris C., Crouch R., Edwards L., Hacker N., Marsden D., Robertson G., Beale P., Beith J., Carter J., Dalrymple C., Houghton R., Russell P., Links M., Grygiel J., and Hill J.

Abstract

Accurately identifying patients with high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC) who respond to poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor (PARPi) therapy is of great clinical importance. Here we show that quantitative BRCA1 methylation analysis provides new insight into PARPi response in preclinical models and ovarian cancer patients. The response of 12 HGSOC patient-derived xenografts (PDX) to the PARPi rucaparib was assessed, with variable dose-dependent responses observed in chemo-naive BRCA1/2-mutated PDX, and no responses in PDX lacking DNA repair pathway defects. Among BRCA1-methylated PDX, silencing of all BRCA1 copies predicts rucaparib response, whilst heterozygous methylation is associated with resistance. Analysis of 21 BRCA1-methylated platinum-sensitive recurrent HGSOC (ARIEL2 Part 1 trial) confirmed that homozygous or hemizygous BRCA1 methylation predicts rucaparib clinical response, and that methylation loss can occur after exposure to chemotherapy. Accordingly, quantitative BRCA1 methylation analysis in a pre-treatment biopsy could allow identification of patients most likely to benefit, and facilitate tailoring of PARPi therapy.Copyright © 2018, The Author(s).

Published
2018

46. Female reproductive history and risk of type 2 diabetes: A prospective analysis of 126 721 women

Author

Pandeya, N, Huxley, RR, Chung, H-F, Dobson, AJ, Kuh, D, Hardy, R, Cade, JE, Greenwood, DC, Giles, GG, Bruinsma, F, Demakakos, P, Simonsen, MK, Adami, H-O, Weiderpass, E, Mishra, GD, Pandeya, N, Huxley, RR, Chung, H-F, Dobson, AJ, Kuh, D, Hardy, R, Cade, JE, Greenwood, DC, Giles, GG, Bruinsma, F, Demakakos, P, Simonsen, MK, Adami, H-O, Weiderpass, E, and Mishra, GD

Abstract

AIM: To examine the prospective associations between aspects of a woman's reproductive history and incident diabetes. METHODS: We pooled individual data from 126 721 middle-aged women from eight cohort studies contributing to the International Collaboration for a Life Course Approach to Reproductive Health and Chronic Disease Events (InterLACE). Associations between age at menarche, age at first birth, parity and menopausal status with incident diabetes were examined using generalized linear mixed models, with binomial distribution and robust variance. We stratified by body mass index (BMI) when there was evidence of a statistical interaction with BMI. RESULTS: Over a median follow-up of 9 years, 4073 cases of diabetes were reported. Non-linear associations with diabetes were observed for age at menarche, parity and age at first birth. Compared with menarche at age 13 years, menarche at ≤10 years was associated with an 18% increased risk of diabetes (relative risk [RR] 1.18, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.02-1.37) after adjusting for BMI. After stratifying by BMI, the increased risk was only observed in women with a BMI ≥25 kg/m2 . A U-shaped relationship was observed between parity and risk of diabetes. Compared with pre-/peri-menopausal women, women with a hysterectomy/oophorectomy had an increased risk of diabetes (RR 1.17, 95% CI 1.07-1.29). CONCLUSIONS: Several markers of a woman's reproductive history appear to be modestly associated with future risk of diabetes. Maintaining a normal weight in adult life may ameliorate any increase in risk conferred by early onset of menarche.

Published
2018

47. Methylation of all BRCA1 copies predicts response to the PARP inhibitor rucaparib in ovarian carcinoma

Author

Kondrashova, O, Topp, M, Nesic, K, Lieschke, E, Ho, G-Y, Harrell, M, Zapparoli, G, Hadley, A, Holian, R, Boehm, E, Heong, V, Sanij, E, Pearson, RB, Krais, JJ, Johnson, N, McNally, O, Ananda, S, Alsop, K, Hutt, KJ, Kaufmann, SH, Lin, KK, Harding, TC, Traficante, N, deFazio, A, McNeish, LA, Bowtell, DD, Swisher, EM, Dobrovic, A, Wakefield, MJ, Scott, CL, Chenevix-Trench, G, Green, A, Webb, P, Gertig, D, Fereday, S, Moore, S, Hung, J, Harrap, K, Sadkowsky, T, Pandeya, N, Malt, M, Mellon, A, Robertson, R, Vanden Bergh, T, Jones, M, Mackenzie, P, Maidens, J, Nattress, K, Chiew, YE, Stenlake, A, Sullivan, H, Alexander, B, Ashover, P, Brown, S, Corrish, T, Green, L, Jackman, L, Ferguson, K, Martin, K, Martyn, A, Ranieri, B, White, J, Jayde, V, Mamers, P, Bowes, L, Galletta, L, Giles, D, Hendley, J, Schmidt, T, Shirley, H, Ball, C, Young, C, Viduka, S, Tran, H, Bilic, S, Glavinas, L, Brooks, J, Stuart-Harris, R, Kirsten, F, Rutovitz, J, Clingan, P, Glasgow, A, Proietto, A, Braye, S, Otton, G, Shannon, J, Bonaventura, T, Stewart, J, Begbie, S, Friedlander, M, Bell, D, Baron-Hay, S, Ferrier, A, Gard, G, Nevell, D, Pavlakis, N, Valmadre, S, Young, B, Camaris, C, Crouch, R, Edwards, L, Hacker, N, Marsden, D, Robertson, G, Beale, P, Beith, J, Carter, J, Dalrymple, C, Houghton, R, Russell, P, Links, M, Grygiel, J, Hill, J, Brand, A, Byth, K, Jaworski, R, Harnett, P, Sharma, R, Wain, G, Ward, B, Papadimos, D, Crandon, A, Cummings, M, Horwood, K, Obermair, A, Perrin, L, Wyld, D, Nicklin, J, Davy, M, Oehler, MK, Hall, C, Dodd, T, Healy, T, Pittman, K, Henderson, D, Miller, J, Pierdes, J, Blomfield, P, Challis, D, Mclntosh, R, Parker, A, Brown, B, Rome, R, Allen, D, Grant, P, Hyde, S, Laurie, R, Robbie, M, Healy, D, Jobling, T, Manolitsas, T, McNealage, J, Rogers, P, Susil, B, Sumithran, E, Simpson, I, Phillips, K, Rischin, D, Fox, S, Johnson, D, Lade, S, Loughrey, M, O'Callaghan, N, Murray, W, Waring, P, Billson, V, Pyman, J, Neesham, D, Quinn, M, Underhill, C, Bell, R, Ng, LF, Blum, R, Ganju, V, Hammond, I, Leung, Y, McCartney, A, Buck, M, Haviv, I, Purdie, D, Whiteman, D, Zeps, N, Kondrashova, O, Topp, M, Nesic, K, Lieschke, E, Ho, G-Y, Harrell, M, Zapparoli, G, Hadley, A, Holian, R, Boehm, E, Heong, V, Sanij, E, Pearson, RB, Krais, JJ, Johnson, N, McNally, O, Ananda, S, Alsop, K, Hutt, KJ, Kaufmann, SH, Lin, KK, Harding, TC, Traficante, N, deFazio, A, McNeish, LA, Bowtell, DD, Swisher, EM, Dobrovic, A, Wakefield, MJ, Scott, CL, Chenevix-Trench, G, Green, A, Webb, P, Gertig, D, Fereday, S, Moore, S, Hung, J, Harrap, K, Sadkowsky, T, Pandeya, N, Malt, M, Mellon, A, Robertson, R, Vanden Bergh, T, Jones, M, Mackenzie, P, Maidens, J, Nattress, K, Chiew, YE, Stenlake, A, Sullivan, H, Alexander, B, Ashover, P, Brown, S, Corrish, T, Green, L, Jackman, L, Ferguson, K, Martin, K, Martyn, A, Ranieri, B, White, J, Jayde, V, Mamers, P, Bowes, L, Galletta, L, Giles, D, Hendley, J, Schmidt, T, Shirley, H, Ball, C, Young, C, Viduka, S, Tran, H, Bilic, S, Glavinas, L, Brooks, J, Stuart-Harris, R, Kirsten, F, Rutovitz, J, Clingan, P, Glasgow, A, Proietto, A, Braye, S, Otton, G, Shannon, J, Bonaventura, T, Stewart, J, Begbie, S, Friedlander, M, Bell, D, Baron-Hay, S, Ferrier, A, Gard, G, Nevell, D, Pavlakis, N, Valmadre, S, Young, B, Camaris, C, Crouch, R, Edwards, L, Hacker, N, Marsden, D, Robertson, G, Beale, P, Beith, J, Carter, J, Dalrymple, C, Houghton, R, Russell, P, Links, M, Grygiel, J, Hill, J, Brand, A, Byth, K, Jaworski, R, Harnett, P, Sharma, R, Wain, G, Ward, B, Papadimos, D, Crandon, A, Cummings, M, Horwood, K, Obermair, A, Perrin, L, Wyld, D, Nicklin, J, Davy, M, Oehler, MK, Hall, C, Dodd, T, Healy, T, Pittman, K, Henderson, D, Miller, J, Pierdes, J, Blomfield, P, Challis, D, Mclntosh, R, Parker, A, Brown, B, Rome, R, Allen, D, Grant, P, Hyde, S, Laurie, R, Robbie, M, Healy, D, Jobling, T, Manolitsas, T, McNealage, J, Rogers, P, Susil, B, Sumithran, E, Simpson, I, Phillips, K, Rischin, D, Fox, S, Johnson, D, Lade, S, Loughrey, M, O'Callaghan, N, Murray, W, Waring, P, Billson, V, Pyman, J, Neesham, D, Quinn, M, Underhill, C, Bell, R, Ng, LF, Blum, R, Ganju, V, Hammond, I, Leung, Y, McCartney, A, Buck, M, Haviv, I, Purdie, D, Whiteman, D, and Zeps, N

Abstract

Accurately identifying patients with high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC) who respond to poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor (PARPi) therapy is of great clinical importance. Here we show that quantitative BRCA1 methylation analysis provides new insight into PARPi response in preclinical models and ovarian cancer patients. The response of 12 HGSOC patient-derived xenografts (PDX) to the PARPi rucaparib was assessed, with variable dose-dependent responses observed in chemo-naive BRCA1/2-mutated PDX, and no responses in PDX lacking DNA repair pathway defects. Among BRCA1-methylated PDX, silencing of all BRCA1 copies predicts rucaparib response, whilst heterozygous methylation is associated with resistance. Analysis of 21 BRCA1-methylated platinum-sensitive recurrent HGSOC (ARIEL2 Part 1 trial) confirmed that homozygous or hemizygous BRCA1 methylation predicts rucaparib clinical response, and that methylation loss can occur after exposure to chemotherapy. Accordingly, quantitative BRCA1 methylation analysis in a pre-treatment biopsy could allow identification of patients most likely to benefit, and facilitate tailoring of PARPi therapy.

Published
2018

48. Relationships between intensity, duration, cumulative dose, and timing of smoking with age at menopause: A pooled analysis of individual data from 17 observational studies

Author

Basu, S, Zhu, D, Chung, H-F, Pandeya, N, Dobson, AJ, Cade, JE, Greenwood, DC, Crawford, SL, Avis, NE, Gold, EB, Mitchell, ES, Woods, NF, Anderson, D, Brown, DE, Sievert, LL, Brunner, EJ, Kuh, D, Hardy, R, Hayashi, K, Lee, JS, Mizunuma, H, Giles, GG, Bruinsma, F, Tillin, T, Simonsen, MK, Adami, H-O, Weiderpass, E, Canonico, M, Ancelin, M-L, Demakakos, P, Mishra, GD, Basu, S, Zhu, D, Chung, H-F, Pandeya, N, Dobson, AJ, Cade, JE, Greenwood, DC, Crawford, SL, Avis, NE, Gold, EB, Mitchell, ES, Woods, NF, Anderson, D, Brown, DE, Sievert, LL, Brunner, EJ, Kuh, D, Hardy, R, Hayashi, K, Lee, JS, Mizunuma, H, Giles, GG, Bruinsma, F, Tillin, T, Simonsen, MK, Adami, H-O, Weiderpass, E, Canonico, M, Ancelin, M-L, Demakakos, P, and Mishra, GD

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Cigarette smoking is associated with earlier menopause, but the impact of being a former smoker and any dose-response relationships on the degree of smoking and age at menopause have been less clear. If the toxic impact of cigarette smoking on ovarian function is irreversible, we hypothesized that even former smokers might experience earlier menopause, and variations in intensity, duration, cumulative dose, and age at start/quit of smoking might have varying impacts on the risk of experiencing earlier menopause. METHODS AND FINDINGS: A total of 207,231 and 27,580 postmenopausal women were included in the cross-sectional and prospective analyses, respectively. They were from 17 studies in 7 countries (Australia, Denmark, France, Japan, Sweden, United Kingdom, United States) that contributed data to the International collaboration for a Life course Approach to reproductive health and Chronic disease Events (InterLACE). Information on smoking status, cigarettes smoked per day (intensity), smoking duration, pack-years (cumulative dose), age started, and years since quitting smoking was collected at baseline. We used multinomial logistic regression models to estimate multivariable relative risk ratios (RRRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the associations between each smoking measure and categorised age at menopause (<40 (premature), 40-44 (early), 45-49, 50-51 (reference), and ≥52 years). The association with current and former smokers was analysed separately. Sensitivity analyses and two-step meta-analyses were also conducted to test the results. The Bayesian information criterion (BIC) was used to compare the fit of the models of smoking measures. Overall, 1.9% and 7.3% of women experienced premature and early menopause, respectively. Compared with never smokers, current smokers had around twice the risk of experiencing premature (RRR 2.05; 95% CI 1.73-2.44) (p < 0.001) and early menopause (1.80; 1.66-1.95) (p < 0.001). The corresponding RRRs in fo

Published
2018

49. Relationships between intensity, duration, cumulative dose, and timing of smoking with age at menopause: A pooled analysis of individual data from 17 observational studies.

Author

Zhu, D, Chung, H-F, Pandeya, N, Dobson, AJ, Cade, JE, Greenwood, DC, Crawford, SL, Avis, NE, Gold, EB, Mitchell, ES, Woods, NF, Anderson, D, Brown, DE, Sievert, LL, Brunner, EJ, Kuh, D, Hardy, R, Hayashi, K, Lee, JS, Mizunuma, H, Giles, GG, Bruinsma, F, Tillin, T, Simonsen, MK, Adami, H-O, Weiderpass, E, Canonico, M, Ancelin, M-L, Demakakos, P, Mishra, GD, Zhu, D, Chung, H-F, Pandeya, N, Dobson, AJ, Cade, JE, Greenwood, DC, Crawford, SL, Avis, NE, Gold, EB, Mitchell, ES, Woods, NF, Anderson, D, Brown, DE, Sievert, LL, Brunner, EJ, Kuh, D, Hardy, R, Hayashi, K, Lee, JS, Mizunuma, H, Giles, GG, Bruinsma, F, Tillin, T, Simonsen, MK, Adami, H-O, Weiderpass, E, Canonico, M, Ancelin, M-L, Demakakos, P, and Mishra, GD

Abstract

Background

Cigarette smoking is associated with earlier menopause, but the impact of being a former smoker and any dose-response relationships on the degree of smoking and age at menopause have been less clear. If the toxic impact of cigarette smoking on ovarian function is irreversible, we hypothesized that even former smokers might experience earlier menopause, and variations in intensity, duration, cumulative dose, and age at start/quit of smoking might have varying impacts on the risk of experiencing earlier menopause.

Methods and findings

A total of 207,231 and 27,580 postmenopausal women were included in the cross-sectional and prospective analyses, respectively. They were from 17 studies in 7 countries (Australia, Denmark, France, Japan, Sweden, United Kingdom, United States) that contributed data to the International collaboration for a Life course Approach to reproductive health and Chronic disease Events (InterLACE). Information on smoking status, cigarettes smoked per day (intensity), smoking duration, pack-years (cumulative dose), age started, and years since quitting smoking was collected at baseline. We used multinomial logistic regression models to estimate multivariable relative risk ratios (RRRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the associations between each smoking measure and categorised age at menopause (<40 (premature), 40-44 (early), 45-49, 50-51 (reference), and ≥52 years). The association with current and former smokers was analysed separately. Sensitivity analyses and two-step meta-analyses were also conducted to test the results. The Bayesian information criterion (BIC) was used to compare the fit of the models of smoking measures. Overall, 1.9% and 7.3% of women experienced premature and early menopause, respectively. Compared with never smokers, current smokers had around twice the risk of experiencing premature (RRR 2.05; 95% CI 1.73-2.44) (p < 0.001) and early menopause (1.80; 1.66-1.95) (p < 0.001). The correspondi

Published
2018

50. The role of sleep difficulties in the vasomotor menopausal symptoms and depressed mood relationships: an international pooled analysis of eight studies in the InterLACE consortium.

Author

Chung, H-F, Pandeya, N, Dobson, AJ, Kuh, D, Brunner, EJ, Crawford, SL, Avis, NE, Gold, EB, Mitchell, ES, Woods, NF, Bromberger, JT, Thurston, RC, Joffe, H, Yoshizawa, T, Anderson, D, Mishra, GD, Chung, H-F, Pandeya, N, Dobson, AJ, Kuh, D, Brunner, EJ, Crawford, SL, Avis, NE, Gold, EB, Mitchell, ES, Woods, NF, Bromberger, JT, Thurston, RC, Joffe, H, Yoshizawa, T, Anderson, D, and Mishra, GD

Abstract

Background

Many women experience both vasomotor menopausal symptoms (VMS) and depressed mood at midlife, but little is known regarding the prospective bi-directional relationships between VMS and depressed mood and the role of sleep difficulties in both directions.

Methods

A pooled analysis was conducted using data from 21 312 women (median: 50 years, interquartile range 49-51) in eight studies from the InterLACE consortium. The degree of VMS, sleep difficulties, and depressed mood was self-reported and categorised as never, rarely, sometimes, and often (if reporting frequency) or never, mild, moderate, and severe (if reporting severity). Multivariable logistic regression models were used to examine the bi-directional associations adjusted for within-study correlation.

Results

At baseline, the prevalence of VMS (40%, range 13-62%) and depressed mood (26%, 8-41%) varied substantially across studies, and a strong dose-dependent association between VMS and likelihood of depressed mood was found. Over 3 years of follow-up, women with often/severe VMS at baseline were more likely to have subsequent depressed mood compared with those without VMS (odds ratios (OR) 1.56, 1.27-1.92). Women with often/severe depressed mood at baseline were also more likely to have subsequent VMS than those without depressed mood (OR 1.89, 1.47-2.44). With further adjustment for the degree of sleep difficulties at baseline, the OR of having a subsequent depressed mood associated with often/severe VMS was attenuated and no longer significant (OR 1.13, 0.90-1.40). Conversely, often/severe depressed mood remained significantly associated with subsequent VMS (OR 1.80, 1.38-2.34).

Conclusions

Difficulty in sleeping largely explained the relationship between VMS and subsequent depressed mood, but it had little impact on the relationship between depressed mood and subsequent VMS.

Published
2018

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