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Conception Rate (CR) and Service Conception (S/C) are two parameters for assessing the reproductive performance of cattle. This research was conducted to determine the value of S/C and CR in crossbreeding cattle in the working area of ​​the Public Health Center. The material used in this study was 72 crossbreed cattle aged 3-10 years. Semi-intensive rearing system with AI mating. The results the S/C in this study was 3.9 higher than the ideal standard of 1.6–2. The CR in this study was 58.6%. CR numbers are still relatively low from the ideal, namely 65 -75%.

The limited income for the majority of the community in Penfui Timur has an impact on the lack of average daily protein consumption. The women group of GMIT Ebenhezer-Matani is a group of housewives who plays an important role in improving nutrition to the family welfare. The program was offered as part of increasing family nutrition through protein consumption as well as improvement of family income. There are three phases of the program, which are direct extension and training, accompaniment and evaluation. During extension, participants were informed about how to choose qualified and healthy meat, the storage and preservation as well as the use of hazardous substances in meat preservation. Furthermore, participants were trained on bacon and skin cracker processing through washing, scalding, liming, boiling, marinating, cutting, drying and frying. After the demonstration, participants were given materials and tools to start the production. In this phase, participants were also trained to do simple bookkeeping by calculating production costs and profits. Processed bacon and skin crackers produced by the participants met the requirements organoleptically. The bacon has a bright colour with a distinctive smoky aroma, while the skin cracker is brownish yellow, crunchy and savoury even though the size varies. In conclusion, this program has great potential as a business opportunity to improve the family economy as well as family nutrition.

Azadirachta indica (neem), a plant used as traditional remedies, has been reported as hepatoprotector agent against liver damage of drugs abused. The present study aimed to investigate hepatoprotective activity ofethanolic extract of neem leaves on serum levels of glutamate pyruvate transaminase (SGPT) and histopathological studies of liver in rat’s model of aspirin-induced hepatotoxicity. Two to three months old male rats weighing between 20-30 g were used in this study. These rats were divided into 5 groups with three animals in each group. The experimental design were as follows: K1 is a negative control group and was treated with standard diet; K2 is a positive control group and was administered aspirin toxic dose (0.52 mg/30 g B.W., PO); P1 was treated with ethanolic extract of neem leaves (EEDM) dose I (0,7 mg/30 g B.W., PO) and aspirin toxic dose (0.52 mg/30 g B.W., PO); P2 was treated EEDM dose II (0,9 mg/30 g B.W., PO) and aspirin toxic dose (0.52 mg/30 g B.W., PO); and P3 was also treated with EEDM dose III (1.35 mg/30 g B.W., PO) and aspirin toxic dose (0.52 mg/30 g B.W., PO). The EEDM were administered to rats for 14 days, while aspirin toxic dose were given for the last three days (day 12, 13, and 14) during experiment. The serum levels were measured before treatment and on the last day (day 14). The results showed that the measurement of SGPT levels may not be a criterion, but the degree of liver damage can be seen in the histopathology. Histopathological observation of liver tissues of P1 and P2 shows minimal hepatocytes necrosis compare to other groups. In conclusion, EEDM dose I and II may have hepatoprotective activity against aspirin intoxication.

Hypercholesterolemia is a disease of cholesterol metabolism disorders caused by elevated levels of cholesterol in the blood. This condition can lead to fatty change, hidropis degeneration, cell injury and inflammatory cells infiltration in the liver and fatty infiltration and inflammatory cells in the tunica area of aorta. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of ethanol extract of leaves of the soursop (Annona muricata L.) for the treatment of hypercholesterolemia in rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) to see whether there is a pile of fatty plaques in the aortic and the deposition of fat in hepatocytes through histopathologic image,which supported by examination of the cholesterol content in the blood. This research uses experimental animals as much as 12 local rabbits, male sex, weight ± 500 to 1000 grams and aged up to 2 months ± 1.5 months. Animals are grouped into four groups of three in each group, the group (A) is a negative control group in which only gived the standard food, group (B) is a positive control group by feeding a high-fat is lard as much as 2,6 mL/500grBB to 5.2 mL/ 1000grBB, groups of (C) is a group therapy by soursop leaves of ethanol extract at a dose of 8 mg/500grBB up to 17 mg/1000grBB, and groups (D) is a group treated with simvastatin at a dose of as much as 0.7 mg/500grBB to 1.4 mg/1000grBB. The results show that that there is no difference between the effect of soursop leaves ethanol extract and simvastatin in lowering blood cholesterol levels coursing through changes in lesions of the liver and aorta. It can be concluded that the therapy of soursop leaves of ethanol extract and simvastatin can protect the liver tissue structures and aorta blood vessels in hypercholesterolemia rabbit.

Examination of blood profile is very important because the blood has a function in circulatory system and as an indicator for disease but it also helps to monitor the incidence of a disease. The purpose of this study was to determine the hematology profile and blood morphology of the bali cattle (Bos sundaicus) in landfills alak kota Kupang. There are 24 samples of bali cattle were divided in three group: eight cows with age range from 0 to 1.5, eight cows with age range from 1.5 - 3 and eight samples with age range age > 3 years. Parameters were observedusing a hematology autoanalyzer: the number of erythrocyte, leukocyte, hemoglobine, PCV, MCV, MCH, and MCHC; and morphological blood profile was examined using blood smear methods. The results of this study showed normocytic, microcytic, macrocytic, the value of MCH high, hyperchromic and leukocyte counts more higher than normal. Erythrocyte morphological abnormalities were found in this research such as macrocytosis, microcytosis, spherositosis, acanthositosis, burr crenation cell / echinocytes, tear drop cells and hypochromasia. The data obtained are presented in tables and images were analyzed descriptively.

The purpose of this research is to compare the effect of the ethanol black sea cucumber (Holothuria leucospilota) extract with betadine in the healing wound process of incised skin of mice (Mus musculus) through observation of gross pathology and histopathology. This research used mice with age of 6-8 weeks, male and divided into three groups, which were negative control (aquades), the positive control (betadine), and the treatment (ethanol black sea cucumber extract). All mice were incised by surgical blade in the middle of the back with the depth of up to layer of dermis. Furthermore, the wounds were lubricated directly by aquades, betadine and ethanol black sea cucumber extract. The gross pathology data were obtained in eight days through the observation of color, dry cuts, the closing time, the scab formation and the increase the length of hair around and the wound size. The parameters used in histopathology analysis of healing wounds process were the presence of increasing number of cells fibroblast, angiogenesis, and the number of the inflammation cells around the wound. The results showed that the effect of ethanol black sea cucumber (H. leucospilota) extract accelerated the wound healing process in the incised skin of mice (Mus musculus). It was caused by the bioactive content of black sea cucumber, such as saponin, flavonoid, lectin and amino acids which can speed up wound healing wound.

Blood chemistry profile is one of the parameters that can be used to aid the diagnosis of a disease that involves damage in organs e.g. liver. Liver damage can be diagnosed by the examination of elevated liver enzymes such as alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST). The range of normal values of ALT and AST is required as a reference in the diagnosis, especially in bali cattle. East Timor is one of the distribution areas of bali cattle with a total population of 504974 cattles. This number has decreased from the previous year because of the many factors such as health problems. This study aimed to determine the range of the value of ALT and AST bali cattle in the district of Kupang and TTS based on gender and age ranges. The data obtained can be used as the reference value in the bali cattle in the district of Kupang and TTS. Samples were taken from 80 bali cattles (22 females, 18 males, 20 with age 2 years old or more, and 20 with age 2 years old or less) that were clinically healthy. Blood samples were taken through the jugular vein and assayed using MicroLab 300. The results were obtained using descriptive analysis SPSS 16. The results showed that the level of ALT and AST in bali cattles on East Timor have an average 36.45 (U/L) (±11.87) and 85.51 (U/L) (±39.11). Based on the results, the value of ALT and AST level of bali cattle in East Timor in May-June 2016 were not influenced by gender and age. The results provide a reference value normal blood clinical chemistry bali cattle on East Timor.

Two years old and one and half years local intact female dogs from Kupang were submitted to Veterinery Pathogy Laboratorium, Nusa Cendana University. These dogs showed symptomps: coughing, loss appetite, vomiting and diarrhea. Grossly, there was a smooth surface nodul on the distal of oesophagus with fistula in the middle of it where the worm came out. Microscopically, Spirocerca lupi was surrounded by proliferated spindle shape cells with round or ovoid nuclei as well as 12 mitotic figures over 10 non-overlapping high power fields (400X). These are characteristics of fibrosarcoma. This is the first official report of the existence of spirocercosis in Kabupaten Kupang.

Antigenic differences between commercial Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV) vaccine and circulating field virus reduce vaccine efficacy. Fifty-layer chickens were divided into five groups: three vaccinated chicken groups using killed LaSota (Genotype II/GII), Mega, or VD (Genotype VII/GVII) viral strains, negative, and positive control groups. On day 28, Hemagglutination Inhibition (HI) serology of vaccinated chickens was performed using whole virus antigens of RIVS, LaSota, Mega, and VD strains. Sera were also tested with an alternative antigen, using an ELISA to detect antibody for the cleavage site F protein peptide from GII and GVII NDV strains. Vaccinated and unvaccinated positive control birds underwent infectious challenges using VD and Mega strains. HI testing showed that antibody titers were higher when tested using homologous antigens than heterologous antigens. ELISA performed with alternative antigens did not perform as well as the established HI test using homologous strains. Viral shedding was reduced by vaccination that was homologous to the infectious challenge in comparison with vaccination using the LaSota strain virus. We conclude that superior results are obtained when serological testing, vaccinations, and vaccine challenge experiments all use circulating strains of ND virus. Implementation of this recommendation would likely reduce viral shedding by vaccinated chickens and be more effective in preventing outbreaks of virulent NDV. Refereed/Peer-reviewed