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1. Thyroid status in pregnant women with pregnancy induced hypertension – A case control study

Author

Anandpara G, Patel M, Patel R, Panchal M, and Nair SP

Subjects
gestational hypertension, preeclampsia, thyroid profile, subclinical hypothyroid, overt hypothyroid, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Introduction: Pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH) is an important cause of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality affecting 5-10% of pregnancies. PIH is more frequently associated with elevated TSH (Thyroid-stimulating hormone). Thyroid dysfunction plays an important role in the development of gestational hypertension. However, this relationship remains unclear. The study was performed to evaluate the thyroid status in pregnant women with PIH and normal pregnant women. Methodology: This was a hospital based observational case control study done in Dr M K Shah Medical College, Ahmedabad. Total 100 pregnant women were included, out of them 50 PIH women were included in the case study group and 50 normotensive healthy pregnant women were included in the control group. After taking written consent, thyroid profile (TSH, free T3 and free T4) were measured in all 100 subjects. Results: Women with PIH had higher TSH levels and lower free T3 and free T4 as compared to normotensive pregnant women. There was a significant association between hypothyroidism and PIH cases. There was a significant positive correlation between TSH and systolic BP (r=0.42) and diastolic BP (r=0.52). Conclusion: PIH women are at greater risk of decreased thyroid function. Therefore, PIH women should be monitored for thyroid levels regularly.

Published
2023
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2. Potential Application of Red Mud in Cement: An Indian Perspective

Author

Rai, Suchita, Chaddha, M. J., Pradhan, Prachi, Kulkarni, K. J., Panchal, M., Agnihotri, A., Bezaeva, Natalia S., Series Editor, Gomes Coe, Heloisa Helena, Series Editor, Nawaz, Muhammad Farrakh, Series Editor, Randive, Kirtikumar, editor, Nandi, Ashok Kumar, editor, Jain, Pradeep Kumar, editor, and Jawadand, Sanjeevani, editor

Published
2024
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8. L’apport des patients dans la relecture des projets de recherche clinique et présentation de NOTICEInfoBox®, un outil d’aide à la rédaction de notices d’information dans le cadre du soin ou de la recherche

Author

Mathieu, F., primary, Gozlan, D., additional, Mathieu, M., additional, De Montgolfier, S., additional, Demaret, B., additional, Carole, P., additional, Aubert Fourmy, C., additional, Lamarche, D., additional, Koulikoff, F., additional, Nowak, F., additional, Zucker, J.M., additional, Malen, J.P., additional, Morillon, L., additional, Avram, F., additional, Panchal, M., additional, Lanta, M., additional, Prouvost, M.F., additional, Maizeroi, M., additional, and Tronel, V., additional

Published
2023
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9. Technological Approaches for Water Saving in Agriculture

Author

P. S. Panchal*, M. P. Dohat and N. M. Vasava

Subjects
the science world a monthly e magazine, Veterinary Science, popular Article
Abstract

Water is nectar for life. It enriches plants with important minerals, salts and, most importantly, water itself. According to a study by the National Geophysical Research Institute, the largest depletion of groundwater in the world is happening in India, according to estimates, water scarcity can lead to loss of up to 6% of GDP by 2030. In coming years, Indian agriculture will need more water to produce enough food to satisfy changing needs of future. On the other hand, actual availability of water will reduce and supply is projected at just half by the end of 2030.

Published
2023
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10. Factors associated with adverse COVID-19 outcomes in patients with psoriasis—insights from a global registry–based study

Author

Mahil, S, Dand, N, Mason, K, Yiu, Z, Tsakok, T, Meynell, F, Coker, B, Mcateer, H, Moorhead, L, Mackenzie, T, Rossi, M, Rivera, R, Mahe, E, Carugno, A, Magnano, M, Rech, G, Balogh, E, Feldman, S, De La Cruz, C, Choon, S, Naldi, L, Lambert, J, Spuls, P, Jullien, D, Bachelez, H, Mcmahon, D, Freeman, E, Gisondi, P, Puig, L, Warren, R, Di Meglio, P, Langan, S, Capon, F, Griffiths, C, Barker, J, Smith, C, Shah, A, Barea, A, Romero-Mate, A, Singapore, A, Paolino, A, Mwale, A, Morales Callaghan, A, Martinez, A, Decrescenzo, A, Pink, A, Jones, A, Sergeant, A, Essex, A, Bewley, A, Makrygeorgou, A, van Huizen, A, Perez-Suarez, B, Farida, B, Clareus, B, Prims, C, Davis, C, Quinlan, C, Maybury, C, Cesar, G, Barclay, C, Greco, C, Brassard, D, Cummings, D, Kolli, D, Descamps, V, Genao, D, Carras, E, Hawryluk, E, Martinez-Garcia, E, Klujszo, E, Dwyer, E, Toni, E, Sonkoly, E, Loayza, E, Dauden, E, Valenzuela, F, Popov, G, King, G, Celine, G, Aparicio, G, Johnston, G, Cardozo, G, Pearson, I, Yanguas, I, Weisman, J, Carolan, J, Hughes, J, Ortiz-Salvador, J, Carrascosa, J, Schwartz, J, Jackson, K, Kerisit, K, Wu, K, Asfour, L, de Graaf, L, Lesort, C, Meuleman, L, Eidsmo, L, Skov, L, Gribben, L, Rustin, M, Velasco, M, Panchal, M, Lakhan, M, Franco, M, Svensson, M, Vandaele, M, Marovt, M, Zargari, O, De Caso, P, Varela, P, Jenkin, P, Phan, C, Hampton, P, Goldsmith, P, Bak, R, Speeckaert, R, Romiti, R, Woolf, R, Mercado-Seda, R, Khatun, R, Ceovic, R, Taberner, R, Cohen, R, Stefanescu, S, Kirk, S, Reeken, S, Ayob, S, Perez-Barrio, S, Piaserico, S, Hoey, S, Torres, T, Talme, T, Desai, T, van Geest, A, King, V, Di Lernia, V, Koreja, Z, Hasab, V, Mahil S. K., Dand N., Mason K. J., Yiu Z. Z. N., Tsakok T., Meynell F., Coker B., McAteer H., Moorhead L., Mackenzie T., Rossi M. T., Rivera R., Mahe E., Carugno A., Magnano M., Rech G., Balogh E. A., Feldman S. R., De La Cruz C., Choon S. E., Naldi L., Lambert J., Spuls P., Jullien D., Bachelez H., McMahon D. E., Freeman E. E., Gisondi P., Puig L., Warren R. B., Di Meglio P., Langan S. M., Capon F., Griffiths C. E. M., Barker J. N., Smith C. H., Shah A., Barea A., Romero-Mate A., Singapore A., Paolino A., Mwale A., Morales Callaghan A. M., Martinez A., DeCrescenzo A., Pink A. E., Jones A., Sergeant A., Essex A., Bewley A., Makrygeorgou A., van Huizen A., Perez-Suarez B., Farida B., Clareus B. W., Prims C. T., Davis C., Quinlan C., Maybury C., Cesar G. A., Barclay C., Greco C., Brassard D., Cummings D., Kolli D., Descamps V., Genao D. R., Carras E., Hawryluk E., Martinez-Garcia E., Klujszo E., Dwyer E., Toni E., Sonkoly E., Loayza E., Dauden E., Valenzuela F., Popov G., King G., Celine G., Aparicio G., Johnston G. A., Cardozo G. A., Pearson I., Yanguas I., Weisman J., Carolan J. E., Hughes J., Ortiz-Salvador J. -M., Carrascosa J. -M., Schwartz J. J., Jackson K., Kerisit K. G., Wu K., Asfour L., de Graaf L., Lesort C., Meuleman L., Eidsmo L., Skov L., Gribben L., Rustin M., Velasco M., Panchal M., Lakhan M., Franco M. D., Svensson M. -L., Vandaele M., Marovt M., Zargari O., De Caso P., Varela P., Jenkin P., Phan C., Hampton P., Goldsmith P., Bak R., Speeckaert R., Romiti R., Woolf R., Mercado-Seda R., Khatun R., Ceovic R., Taberner R., Cohen R. W., Stefanescu S., Kirk S., Reeken S., Ayob S., Perez-Barrio S., Piaserico S., Hoey S., Torres T., Talme T., Desai T. V., van Geest A. J., King V., Di Lernia V., Koreja Z., Hasab V. Z., Mahil, S, Dand, N, Mason, K, Yiu, Z, Tsakok, T, Meynell, F, Coker, B, Mcateer, H, Moorhead, L, Mackenzie, T, Rossi, M, Rivera, R, Mahe, E, Carugno, A, Magnano, M, Rech, G, Balogh, E, Feldman, S, De La Cruz, C, Choon, S, Naldi, L, Lambert, J, Spuls, P, Jullien, D, Bachelez, H, Mcmahon, D, Freeman, E, Gisondi, P, Puig, L, Warren, R, Di Meglio, P, Langan, S, Capon, F, Griffiths, C, Barker, J, Smith, C, Shah, A, Barea, A, Romero-Mate, A, Singapore, A, Paolino, A, Mwale, A, Morales Callaghan, A, Martinez, A, Decrescenzo, A, Pink, A, Jones, A, Sergeant, A, Essex, A, Bewley, A, Makrygeorgou, A, van Huizen, A, Perez-Suarez, B, Farida, B, Clareus, B, Prims, C, Davis, C, Quinlan, C, Maybury, C, Cesar, G, Barclay, C, Greco, C, Brassard, D, Cummings, D, Kolli, D, Descamps, V, Genao, D, Carras, E, Hawryluk, E, Martinez-Garcia, E, Klujszo, E, Dwyer, E, Toni, E, Sonkoly, E, Loayza, E, Dauden, E, Valenzuela, F, Popov, G, King, G, Celine, G, Aparicio, G, Johnston, G, Cardozo, G, Pearson, I, Yanguas, I, Weisman, J, Carolan, J, Hughes, J, Ortiz-Salvador, J, Carrascosa, J, Schwartz, J, Jackson, K, Kerisit, K, Wu, K, Asfour, L, de Graaf, L, Lesort, C, Meuleman, L, Eidsmo, L, Skov, L, Gribben, L, Rustin, M, Velasco, M, Panchal, M, Lakhan, M, Franco, M, Svensson, M, Vandaele, M, Marovt, M, Zargari, O, De Caso, P, Varela, P, Jenkin, P, Phan, C, Hampton, P, Goldsmith, P, Bak, R, Speeckaert, R, Romiti, R, Woolf, R, Mercado-Seda, R, Khatun, R, Ceovic, R, Taberner, R, Cohen, R, Stefanescu, S, Kirk, S, Reeken, S, Ayob, S, Perez-Barrio, S, Piaserico, S, Hoey, S, Torres, T, Talme, T, Desai, T, van Geest, A, King, V, Di Lernia, V, Koreja, Z, Hasab, V, Mahil S. K., Dand N., Mason K. J., Yiu Z. Z. N., Tsakok T., Meynell F., Coker B., McAteer H., Moorhead L., Mackenzie T., Rossi M. T., Rivera R., Mahe E., Carugno A., Magnano M., Rech G., Balogh E. A., Feldman S. R., De La Cruz C., Choon S. E., Naldi L., Lambert J., Spuls P., Jullien D., Bachelez H., McMahon D. E., Freeman E. E., Gisondi P., Puig L., Warren R. B., Di Meglio P., Langan S. M., Capon F., Griffiths C. E. M., Barker J. N., Smith C. H., Shah A., Barea A., Romero-Mate A., Singapore A., Paolino A., Mwale A., Morales Callaghan A. M., Martinez A., DeCrescenzo A., Pink A. E., Jones A., Sergeant A., Essex A., Bewley A., Makrygeorgou A., van Huizen A., Perez-Suarez B., Farida B., Clareus B. W., Prims C. T., Davis C., Quinlan C., Maybury C., Cesar G. A., Barclay C., Greco C., Brassard D., Cummings D., Kolli D., Descamps V., Genao D. R., Carras E., Hawryluk E., Martinez-Garcia E., Klujszo E., Dwyer E., Toni E., Sonkoly E., Loayza E., Dauden E., Valenzuela F., Popov G., King G., Celine G., Aparicio G., Johnston G. A., Cardozo G. A., Pearson I., Yanguas I., Weisman J., Carolan J. E., Hughes J., Ortiz-Salvador J. -M., Carrascosa J. -M., Schwartz J. J., Jackson K., Kerisit K. G., Wu K., Asfour L., de Graaf L., Lesort C., Meuleman L., Eidsmo L., Skov L., Gribben L., Rustin M., Velasco M., Panchal M., Lakhan M., Franco M. D., Svensson M. -L., Vandaele M., Marovt M., Zargari O., De Caso P., Varela P., Jenkin P., Phan C., Hampton P., Goldsmith P., Bak R., Speeckaert R., Romiti R., Woolf R., Mercado-Seda R., Khatun R., Ceovic R., Taberner R., Cohen R. W., Stefanescu S., Kirk S., Reeken S., Ayob S., Perez-Barrio S., Piaserico S., Hoey S., Torres T., Talme T., Desai T. V., van Geest A. J., King V., Di Lernia V., Koreja Z., and Hasab V. Z.

Abstract

Background: The multimorbid burden and use of systemic immunosuppressants in people with psoriasis may confer greater risk of adverse outcomes of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), but the data are limited. Objective: Our aim was to characterize the course of COVID-19 in patients with psoriasis and identify factors associated with hospitalization. Methods: Clinicians reported patients with psoriasis with confirmed/suspected COVID-19 via an international registry, Psoriasis Patient Registry for Outcomes, Therapy and Epidemiology of COVID-19 Infection. Multiple logistic regression was used to assess the association between clinical and/or demographic characteristics and hospitalization. A separate patient-facing registry characterized risk-mitigating behaviors. Results: Of 374 clinician-reported patients from 25 countries, 71% were receiving a biologic, 18% were receiving a nonbiologic, and 10% were not receiving any systemic treatment for psoriasis. In all, 348 patients (93%) were fully recovered from COVID-19, 77 (21%) were hospitalized, and 9 (2%) died. Increased hospitalization risk was associated with older age (multivariable-adjusted odds ratio [OR] = 1.59 per 10 years; 95% CI = 1.19-2.13), male sex (OR = 2.51; 95% CI = 1.23-5.12), nonwhite ethnicity (OR = 3.15; 95% CI = 1.24-8.03), and comorbid chronic lung disease (OR = 3.87; 95% CI = 1.52-9.83). Hospitalization was more frequent in patients using nonbiologic systemic therapy than in those using biologics (OR = 2.84; 95% CI = 1.31-6.18). No significant differences were found between classes of biologics. Independent patient-reported data (n = 1626 across 48 countries) suggested lower levels of social isolation in individuals receiving nonbiologic systemic therapy than in those receiving biologics (OR = 0.68; 95% CI = 0.50-0.94). Conclusion: In this international case series of patients with moderate-to-severe psoriasis, biologic use was associated with lower risk of COVID-19–related hospitalization than with

Published
2021

13. Analysis of the Factors Affecting the Adoption and Compliance of the NHS COVID-19 Mobile Application: A National Online Questionnaire Survey in England

Author

Esther Rodriguez-Villegas, Suveer Singh, and Panchal M

Subjects
Independent study, education.field_of_study, Download, business.industry, Population, Internet privacy, Usability, Computer-assisted web interviewing, Readability, Compliance (psychology), Social media, education, business, Psychology
Abstract

ObjectivesTo conduct an independent study investigating how adults perceive the usability, and functionality of the “NHS COVID-19” app. This study aims to highlight strengths, and provide recommendations to improve adoption of future contact tracing developments.DesignA 60-item, anonymous online questionnaire, disseminated through social media outlets and email-lists by a team from Imperial College London.SettingEnglandParticipantsConvenience sample of 1036 responses, from participants aged 18 and above, between December 2020 to February 2021.Primary Outcome MeasuresEvaluate the compliance and public attitude towards the “NHS COVID-19” app, regarding its functionality and features. This included whether participants expectations were met, and their thoughts on the app privacy and security. Furthermore, to distinguish how usability, perception, and adoption differed with varying demographics and user values.ResultsFair app compliance was identified, with the app meeting expectations of 62.1% of participants who stated they downloaded it after weighted analysis. However, participants finding the interface challenging were less likely to read information in the app and had a lesser understanding of its functionality. Furthermore, lack of understanding regarding the app’s functionality and privacy concerns were possibly reasons why users did not download it. A readability analysis of the text revealed that app information was conveyed at a level which might only be accessible to under 60% of the population. The study highlighted issues related to the potential of false positives caused by the design choices in the “Check-In” feature.ConclusionThis study showed that while the “NHS COVID-19” app was viewed positively, there remained issues regarding participants’ perceived knowledge of the app functionality, potentially affecting compliance. Therefore, we recommended improvements regarding the delivery and presentation of the app’s information, and highlighted the potential need for the ability to check out of venues to reduce the number of false positive contacts.Strengths and LimitationsThis is the first study assessing the perceived usability and functionality of the “NHS COVID-19” app directly from app users.Diverse sample size, with representation from all major regions of England.Statistical analysis to compare perceived app usability and functionality across demographics and the participants values regarding privacy and information.Study was conducted during lockdown where app use may have been minimal.Study may have missed potential participants who were not active on the relevant social media channels and email mailing lists which were used to disseminate the survey.

Published
2021
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18. Clinico-diagnosis and Surgico-therapeutic Management of Lower Urinary Tract Disorders in Dogs.

Author

Parmar, J. J., Parikh, P. V., Panchal, M. T., Ghodasara, D. J., and Bhanderi, B. B.

Subjects
URINARY organs, DOGS, BCG vaccines, CALCIUM oxalate, AMMONIUM chloride, DOG breeds, URINARY tract infections
Abstract

Background: The available literature and work done so far on diagnosis and therapeutic management of lower urinary tract affections in canine practice is very meagre specially on urethro-cystoscopic examinations, medicinal dissolution of calculi and immunotherapy for neoplasia of UB in dogs. Methods: The present study was carried in 55 dogs with lower urinary tract affections classify according to pathological conditions and therapeutic management. The diagnostic modalities like radiography, ultrasonography in all dogs, urethro-cystoscopy in seven dogs and their findings were studied. The response of therapeutics were also studied. Conclusions: The dogs having small size calculi treated according to urine pH with oral medicinal dissolution using Ammonium Chloride (Group 1A, n=9) and Di Sodium Hydrogen Citrate (Group 1B, n=10) for sixty days, Group 1C (n=25) dogs with cystitis (n=17) subjected for bacterial culture treated according to sensitive antibiotics, TCC of bladder (n=7) with immunotherapy using BCG vaccine and a dog with leiomyosarcoma with cystotomy. The dogs (Group 2, n=11) with large size calculi (n=10), a lodge catheter in UB and dogs (Group 3, n=6) did not responded medicinal dissolution from group 1A (n=2) and 1B (n=4) treated surgically. One to multiple, variable size recovered calculi (n=24) revealed highest brown colour grossly, calcium oxalate type, higher in Pomeranian breed and dogs fed with combination of vegetarian and commercial feed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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22. Effectiveness of Cognitive Behaviour Therapy on Patients Suffering From Depression

Author

Panchal. M, Gamit. H, and Singh. R

Subjects
business.industry, Medicine, business, Cognitive behaviour therapy, Depression (differential diagnoses), Clinical psychology
Abstract

Clinical depression is one of the most common and debilitating of the psychiatric disorders. The individual usually suffers from depressed mood, loss of interest and enjoyment, and reduced energy leading to increased fatiguability and diminished activity. Marked tiredness after only slight effort is common. The aim of the present study is to examine the effectiveness of Cognitive Behaviour therapy on patient suffering from depression. Total sample size was 16 patients diagnosed with depression according to ICD-10. Two groups were formed, 8 in control group and 8 in experimental group respectively. Cognitive Behaviour Therapy was given to experiment group only. The results show that a significant difference was found between the experimental and control group.

Published
2016
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28. Bacterial Isolates from the Genital Aspirates of Cyclic, Acyclic, Endometritic and Pregnant Buffaloes.

Author

Patel, Binal R., Panchal, M. T., Dhami, A. J., Mathakiya, R. A., and Bhanderi, B. B.

Subjects
*CORYNEBACTERIUM, *STAPHYLOCOCCUS, *ESCHERICHIA coli, *BACILLUS (Bacteria), *PSEUDOMONAS, *STREPTOCOCCUS, *SALMONELLA enterica serovar Typhi
Abstract

The study was carried out on 50 vaginal secretions/aspirates/discharge samples collected aseptically using syringe and pipette method from infertile (anestrus; endometritic, n = 6 each) buffaloes of villages nearby Anand and healthy cyclic (n = 5; proestus, estrus, metestrus, diestrus) as well as 3, 6 and 9 month pregnant (n = 6 each) buffaloes of University farm to identify the vaginal microorganisms based on routine cultural examination. In all 117 bacterial isolates were recovered from all 50 vaginal samples (100 %) of 35 buffaloes during different physio-pathological status. The bacteria isolated from vaginal mucus/aspirates of buffaloes during the follicular phase comprised Corynebacterium spp. as the most predominant isolate (28.57%) followed by E. coli, Bacillus Spp., Staphylococcus spp., Streptococcus spp., Salmonella spp., Proteus spp., and vaginal yeast, whereas during the luteal phase, the most predominant bacteria were E. coli (23.33%) followed by Corynebacterium spp., Bacillus spp., Staphylococcus spp., Streptococcus spp., and Klebsiella spp. In acyclic buffaloes, the most predominant bacteria isolated were Corynebacterium spp. (21.43%) Bacillus spp., Micrococcus spp., Pseudomonas, Staphylococcus spp., Streptococcus spp., E. coli and Salmonella spp., whereas the endometritic buffaloes evinced the most predominant bacterial isolates as Corynebacterium spp. and E. coli (20.00% each) followed by Bacillus spp., Salmonella, Proteus spp., Staphylococcus spp., Streptococcus spp., and Klebsiella spp. The major bacteria isolated during the entire period of pregnancy were E. coli, Micrococcus, Corynbacterium Spp., Bacillus spp., Staphylococcus spp. and Proteus. This study concludes rich bacterial diversity in the vagina of buffaloes during different physio-pathological status. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019
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30. Extensive copy-number variation of young genes across stickleback populations

Author

Chain, F. J. J., Feulner, P. G. D., Panchal, M., Eizaguirre, Christophe, Samonte, I. E., Kalbe, M., Lenz, T. L., Stoll, M., Bornberg-Bauer, E., Milinski, M., and Reusch, Thorsten B.H.

Subjects
lcsh:Genetics, lcsh:QH426-470
Abstract

Duplicate genes emerge as copy-number variations (CNVs) at the population level, and remain copy-number polymorphic until they are fixed or lost. The successful establishment of such structural polymorphisms in the genome plays an important role in evolution by promoting genetic diversity, complexity and innovation. To characterize the early evolutionary stages of duplicate genes and their potential adaptive benefits, we combine comparative genomics with population genomics analyses to evaluate the distribution and impact of CNVs across natural populations of an eco-genomic model, the three-spined stickleback. With whole genome sequences of 66 individuals from populations inhabiting three distinct habitats, we find that CNVs generally occur at low frequencies and are often only found in one of the 11 populations surveyed. A subset of CNVs, however, displays copy-number differentiation between populations, showing elevated within-population frequencies consistent with local adaptation. By comparing teleost genomes to identify lineage-specific genes and duplications in sticklebacks, we highlight rampant gene content differences among individuals in which over 30% of young duplicate genes are CNVs. These CNV genes are evolving rapidly at the molecular level and are enriched with functional categories associated with environmental interactions, depicting the dynamic early copy-number polymorphic stage of genes during population differentiation.

Published
2014

31. Management of Non-Specific Genital Infections in Infertile Crossbred Cattle.

Author

Panchal, M. T., Hadiya, K. K., Patel, J. A., Chaudhari, D. V., and Bhanderi, B. B.

Subjects
*MICROBIAL sensitivity tests, *CATTLE, *DYNAMOMETER, *BACTERIAL growth, *TETRACYCLINES, *COWS
Abstract

Among 1046 infertile breedable bovines screened in different sexual health camps in and around Anand district during one year, the prevalence of repeat breeding and genital infection was found to be 17.97 and 17.11%, respectively. The representative 23 HF crossbred infertile cows from within Anand taluka were selected for cultural examination, antibiotics sensitivity of isolates and accordingly, the treatment and pregnancy follow up. The cultural isolation of CVM/genital discharges from 23 crossbred cows revealed bacterial growth in 65.22 (15) % samples; the Gram +ve Bacilli Spp. was prevalent to the highest extent (38.10%; 8) followed by Corynebacterium Spp. (23.81%, 5). All the isolates (100%) were sensitive to enrofloxacin followed by cefotaxime and tetracycline (73.33% each), while they were resistant to tyrosin. Among the culturally positive cases, use of effective drugs resulted in overall three cycles pregnancy rate of 86.66 (13/15) %, while in culturally sterile cases it was 50 (4/8)%, showing the utility of antibiotics sensitivity testing in managing infertile animals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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32. Comparative Plasma Endocrine, Metabolic and Mineral Profile of Cyclic, Acyclic, Endometritic and Pregnant Buffaloes.

Author

Patel, Binal R., Panchal, M. T., Dhami, A. J., Sarvaiya, N. P., and Pathan, M. M.

Subjects
*ANIMAL reproduction, *LUTEAL phase, *SEXUAL cycle, *ESTRUS, *BLOOD proteins
Abstract

Circulating concentrations of hormones, metabolites, and minerals reflect the physio-pathological status of reproduction in animals. This study was carried out on infertile (anestrus, endometritic), normal healthy cyclic and pregnant buffaloes to evaluate the comparative plasma progesterone (P4) and estrogen (E2) hormones, plasma total protein, total cholesterol, calcium, and phosphorus profile. The study showed higher mean plasma E2 and lower P4 levels in the follicular phase of estrous cycle in buffaloes. Significantly (p < 0.05) higher mean plasma P4 level and lower E2 levels were recorded during the luteal phase and in endometritic and pregnant buffaloes. Total plasma protein concentration was non-significantly higher in normal cyclic than acyclic and endometritic buffaloes. It was also comparatively lower in buffalo with 9 months of pregnancy than 3 and 6 months of pregnancy. The mean plasma total cholesterol level was significantly (p<0.05) higher in pregnant than acyclic and endometritic buffaloes. Cyclic buffaloes had significantly (p <0.05) higher mean plasma calcium levels than acyclic buffaloes. Plasma phosphorus concentration, however, did not show any significant difference between different stages of the reproductive cycle. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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33. Genome-wide patterns of standing genetic variation in a marine population of three-spined sticklebacks

Author

Feulner, P., Chain, F., Panchal, M., Eizaguirre, C., Kalbe, M., Lenz, T., Mundry, M., Samonte, I., Stoll, M., Milinski, M., Reusch, T., and Bornberg-Bauer, E.

Abstract

Since the end of the Pleistocene, the three-spined stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) has repeatedly colonized and adapted to various freshwater habitats probably originating from ancestral marine populations. Standing genetic variation and the underlying genomic architecture both have been speculated to contribute to recent adaptive radiations of sticklebacks. Here, we expand on the current genomic resources of this fish by providing extensive genome-wide variation data from six individuals from a marine (North Sea) stickleback population. Using next-generation sequencing and a combination of pairedend and mate-pair libraries, we detected a wide size range of genetic variation. Among the six individuals, we found more than 7% of the genome is polymorphic, consisting of 2 599 111 SNPs, 233 464 indels and structural variation (SV) (>50 bp) such as 1054 copynumber variable regions (deletions and duplications) and 48 inversions. Many of these polymorphisms affect gene and coding sequences. Based on SNP diversity, we determined outlier regions concordant with signatures expected under adaptive evolution. As some of these outliers overlap with pronounced regions of copy-number variation, we propose the consideration of such SV when analysing SNP data from re-sequencing approaches. We further discuss the value of this resource on genome-wide variation for further investigation upon the relative contribution of standing variation on the parallel evolution of sticklebacks and the importance of the genomic architecture in adaptive radiation.

Published
2013

34. Endometrial Cytology and Cervical Mucus Characteristics of Repeat Breeding Crossbred Cows in Relation to Post-Treatment Fertility.

Author

Raval, S. R., Panchal, M. T., Dhami, A. J., and Parmar, S. C.

Subjects
*CATTLE fertility, *CROSSBREEDING, *ENDOMETRIUM, *CYTOLOGY, *CERVIX mucus, *ASPIRATORS
Abstract

The present study was conducted on repeat breeder (RB, n=40) crossbred cows under field conditions to evaluate their endometrial cytology and cervico-vaginal mucus (CVM) characteristics in relation to post-treatment fertility. The endometrial cytology was obtained using cytobrush technique and CVM by aspiration technique from vaginal fornix using sterile pipette and syringe. The cows yielding bacterial growth in CVM were treated with sensitive antibiotics (i/m) for 3-5 days (Gr I, RBT: 28) and cows not yielding bacterial growth (control, Gr II, RBC: 12) were given 10 ml of normal saline (i/m). The cows were inseminated at subsequent estrus and followed for repeating to estrus and/or pregnancy. The subclinical endometritis was diagnosed using endometrial cytology (PMN%: ≥ 4%) in cows yielding bacterial isolates (n=28) with mean PMN% of 21.80±8.39, 32.18±3.26 and 29.25±6.63 for those having clear stringy consistency, turbid viscous, and watery white flaky CVM, respectively. The mean PMN% in RB cows with no bacterial isolates (n=12) and having clear stringy CVM was 1.50±0.23. The mean values of spinnbarkeit (cm), pH and Whiteside test scores of CVM were 14.60±0.51, 5.82±0.85 and 3.00±0.17; 7.41±0.15, 7.44±0.21 and 7.08±0.19; and 1.40±0.60, 1.91±0.28, and 1.75±0.25, respectively, for culturally positive cows having CVM of clear stringy, turbid viscous and watery with white flakes, respectively (Group I). The mean spinnbarkeit (cm), pH and Whiteside test scores in control cows not yielding any bacterial isolates and having clear stringy CVM (Group II) were 13.08±0.99, 7.37±0.10 and 0.33±0.19. The RB cows with clear stringy, turbid viscous and white flaky CVM and yielding bacterial isolates had mean inter-estrus intervals of 18.80 ±0.51, 15.91±0.48 and 13.83±0.41 days, respectively, the differences being significant (P<0.05), with respective post-treatment pregnancy rates of 80.00, 63.63 and 41.66 %, with an overall pregnancy rate of 57.15%. This interval was 19.42±0.45 days in RB control cows, wherein the pregnancy rate was 66.66% without any treatment. The cytobrush technique (PMN%) for endometrial cytology and Whiteside test of CVM were good tools for ruling out the subclinical genital infections in repeat breeding cows. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
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35. In defence of model-based inference in phylogeography (reply)

Author

Beaumont, M., Nielsen, R., Robert, C., Hey, J., Gaggiotti, O., Knowles, L., Estoup, A., Panchal, M., Corander, J., Hickerson, M., Sisson, S., Fagundes, N., Chikhi, L., Beerli, P., Vitalis, R., Cornuet, J., Huelsenbeck, J., Foll, M., Yang, Z., Rousset, F., Balding, D., and Excoffier, L.

Abstract

Recent papers have promoted the view that model-based methods in general, and those based on Approximate Bayesian Computation (ABC) in particular, are flawed in a number of ways, and are therefore inappropriate for the analysis of phylogeographic data. These papers further argue that Nested Clade Phylogeographic Analysis (NCPA) offers the best approach in statistical phylogeography. In order to remove the confusion and misconceptions introduced by these papers, we justify and explain the reasoning behind model-based inference. We argue that ABC is a statistically valid approach, alongside other computational statistical techniques that have been successfully used to infer parameters and compare models in population genetics. We also examine the NCPA method and highlight numerous deficiencies, either when used with single or multiple loci. We further show that the ages of clades are carelessly used to infer ages of demographic events, that these ages are estimated under a simple model of panmixia and population stationarity but are then used under different and unspecified models to test hypotheses, a usage the invalidates these testing procedures. We conclude by encouraging researchers to study and use model-based inference in population genetics.

Published
2010

36. In defense of model-based inference in phylogeography

Author

Beaumont, M., Nielsen, R., Robert, Cédric, Hey, J., Gaggiotti, O., Knowles, L., Estoup, A., Panchal, M., Corander, J., Hickerson, M., Sisson, S.A., Fagundes, N., Chikhi, L., Beerli, P., Vitalis, R., Cornuet, J.M., Huelsenbeck, J., Foll, M., Yang, Z., Rousset, F., Balding, D., Excoffier, L., Evolution et Diversité Biologique (EDB), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées

Subjects
ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2010

40. BACTERIAL ISOLATES AND THEIR ANTIBIOGRAM FROM GENITAL DISCHARGES OF PUERPERAL AND REPEAT BREEDING CROSSBRED COWS.

Author

RAVAL, S. R., PANCHAL, M. T., DHAMI, A. J., HADIYA, K. K., and BHANDERI, B. B.

Subjects
ESTRUS, CATTLE breeding, MIXED infections, LACTATION in cattle, BACTERIAL growth, CLINICAL drug trials, COWS
Abstract

The study was conducted on early postpartum (25±2 days PP, n=30) and repeat breeder (RB, n=40) crossbred cows to evaluate genital infections, their antibiogram and fertility following use of suitable antibiotics. The puerperal discharges of 19 (63.3%) cows and CVM of 28 (70.0%) RB cows yielded bacterial isolates of mixed infection, Gram-positive bacilli/rods, Streptococcus spp., Gram-negative bacilli/rods, E. coli, Corynebacterium, Micrococcus spp., Streptococcus spp., Micrococcus spp. and Anthracoid, whereas the rest of the samples were sterile. The sensitivity of isolates to 13 antibacterial drugs tested ranged between 5.3-63.2% among puerperal cows and between 25.0-50.0% in RB cows, with the highest sensitive to Gentamicin (63.2 and 50.0%) and maximum resistance to Peniclillin (94.7%) in both groups. The cows yielding bacterial isolates in both groups were treated with sensitive antibiotics (i.m.) for 3-5 d and those not yielding bacterial growth served as controls. The animals were inseminated at subsequent estruses and followed for repeating to estrus for three cycles and/or pregnancy. Overall pregnancy rates in PP treated and control cows was 47.4% and 63.6%, respectively. Overall pregnancy rates in RB treated and control cows was 57.1% and 66.7%, respectively. In brief, variable prevalence of genital infections observed in early postpartum and repeat breeder cows indicated bacterial invasion with gentamicin being the highest effective antibiotic. The cows failing to get pregnant in the absence of bacterial growth indicated involvement of other reasons for repeating to estrus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018

46. MONTHLY PATTERN OF INSEMINATIONS AND REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH DISORDERS IN DAIRY BOVINES OF MIDDLE GUJARAT.

Author

Hadiya, K. K., Patel, J. A., Shah, R. G., panchal, M. T., and Dhami, A. J.

Subjects
CATTLE, WATER buffalo, REPRODUCTIVE health, PYOMETRA, OVARIAN diseases
Abstract

A total of 2281 and 8872 inseminations, and 1907 and 13568 sexual health control cases attended in cattle and buffaloes, respectively, over last 14 years at College Gynaecology Clinic in Anand were evaluated to know the monthly pattern of breeding and reproductive health disorders faced by these dairy animals in the agro-climatic conditions of middle Gujarat together with yearly trend of these dual services being offered to the dairy farmers of the region at the College. The monthly trends of both insemination and reproductive health control (RHC) cases in cattle were almost consistent throughout the year, except a slight decline in March-April, whereas buffaloes showed clear seasonality in both inseminations and RHC cases, with maximum 70.65 % and 62.20 % being attended between September and February months of the year (peak being December-January, 30.32 and 24.18 %), and the least 6.80 and 10.16 % during May-June. Further, the yearly trends of annual AI and RHC cases worked out for the past 14 years clearly revealed a gradual and consistent decline in number/per cent of the total cases (AI 13.25% to 1.95%; RHC 14.40% to 1.73%) being attended at College from 1999 to 2012, the decline being drastic overall last 5 years. The overall distribution of pooled RHC cases showed the incidence of functional ovaries (suboestrum) as 24.90 %, inactive ovaries (true anoestrum) 25.76 %, pregnancy diagnosis 13.89 %, uterine infections (endometritis, metritis, pyometra) 18.45 %, repeat breeding 5.35 %, infantile genitalia 4.65 %, ovarian disorders 1.20 %, cervical disorders 2.33 %, abortion, mummification, maceration etc 1.29 %, and genital prolapse, torsion, dystocia, retained placenta, etc together 2.18 %. The occurrence of suboestrum and anoestrum was more common during summer due to malnutrition, heat stress and seasonality of breeding. Similarly, uterine infections were more common during peak seasons of breeding and calving due to unhygienic conditions. Further, the major reasons for the decline in number of cases at College Clinic are; rapid and extensive urbanization, depletion of large animal population from the surrounding pockets for miles due to conversion of agricultural lands into built up societies, development of fast track roads /circles and increased traffic problems in bringing large animals to the college on foot, and even prompt availability of doorstep services for AI and health coverage by private as well as co-operative sectors, together with increased awareness among dairy animal keepers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2014

47. SEASONAL VARIATION IN PHYSICO-MORPHOLOGICAL AND FUNCTIONAL CHARACTERISTICS OF SEMEN OF SURTI BUFFALO BULLS AND THEIR INTERRELATIONSHIPS.

Author

Khawaskar, Megha V., Panchal, M. T., Dhami, A. J., and Patel, J. A.

Subjects
*WATER buffalo, *SEMEN, *COLD shock proteins, *SPERMATOZOA, *MONSOONS
Abstract

This study was carried out using 60 semen ejaculates (10 ejaculates/bull/season) obtained from 2 sexually mature healthy Surti buffalo bulls over one year period. The year was divided in to three seasons (monsoon, winter and summer). The bulls were managed identically and were under weekly twice semen collection schedule in AV. The overall mean ejaculate volume, consistency/density score (0-4), initial pH, mass activity (score 0-5), individual sperm motility, sperm concentration, live sperm, total abnormal sperm and sperm with intact acrosome recorded were 3.16±0.76 ml, 3.05±0.92, 6.89±0.16, 2.96±0.18, 71.66±12.37 %, 885.42±242.90 millions/ml, 85.75± 4.65 %, 6.53±1.28 % and 90.73±3.16 %, respectively. The average values for cold shock resistant sperm, hypo-osmotic swelling reactive sperm, and methylene blue reduction time were 53.45±8.30 %, 59.28±6.10 % and 7.11±1.28 minutes, respectively. The bulls varied significantly only in their ejaculate volume (P=0.008), sperm concentration (P=0.002) and live sperm (P=0.014). Seasonal influence was significant for ejaculate volume (P=0.002), density score (P=0.05), mass activity (P=0.002), sperm concentration (P=0.047), live sperm (P=0.001), abnormal sperm (P=0.003) and intact acrosome (P=0.022), cold shock resistant (P=0.000) and hypo-osmotic swelling reactive sperm (P=0.000). The lowest values were observed during winter for ejaculate volume, sperm concentration and live sperm, whereas density, mass activity and individual motility was the lowest during monsoon, and abnormal sperm, cold shock resistant sperm, HOS reactive sperm and MBRT during summer. The bull x season interaction was significant only for cold shock resistant sperm. Significant correlations were observed for ejaculate volume with cold shock resistant sperm (0.35); sperm concentration with live sperm (0.30) and MBRT (-0.31); mass activity with abnormal sperm (-0.26) and cold shock resistant sperm (-0.39); initial motility with live sperm (-0.27) and HOS reactive sperm (0.25); live sperm with HOS reactive sperm (-0.49) and cold shock resistant sperm (-0.56); abnormal sperm with intact acrosome (0.25) and cold shock resistant sperm (0.32); intact acrosome with HOS reactive sperm (0.37); and HOS reactive sperm with live sperm (-0.49) and cold shock resistant sperm (0.29). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2012

48. Novel Use of Similarity Factors f2 and Sd for the Development of Diltiazem HCl Modified-Release Tablets Using a 32 Factorial Design.

Author

Gohel, M. C. and Panchal, M. K.

Subjects
DRUG tablets, GUMS & resins
Abstract

The objective of this study was to develop modified-release tablets of diltiazem HCl using a direct compression technique. A 32 factorial design was employed using the amount of alkali-treated guar gum and cetyl alcohol as independent variables. This article proposes the use of a novel approach—f2 and Sd values as dependent variables—to evaluate the effect of selected independent variables along with other dependent variables (i.e., percentage drug released in x min, Yx; time required for z% drug release, tz; and mean dissolution time (MDT)). It is concluded that when a decision is to be made for the selection of a best batch, it is perhaps more realistic to use the f2 or Sd value which takes into account the dissolution profile as a whole, as opposed to Yx and tz values which use just one point from the dissolution plot. The batch showing the f2 value nearest to 100 or the Sd value nearest to zero is ranked as the best batch (diltiazem HCl 90 mg, alkali-treated guar gum 80 mg and cetyl alcohol 15 mg). The gel strength and matrix erosion of the formulated tablets were dependent on the type and amount of the adjuvants. The drug release rate is well correlated with matrix erosion. The kinetics of drug release fitted best to the Korsmeyer and Peppas model. It is concluded that by using a proper combination of the hydrophilic polymer and cetyl alcohol one can achieve a desirable drug release pattern. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2002
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50. Long-term safety of biologics in the treatment of psoriasis

Author

Panchal MR, Coope H, McKenna DJ, and Alexandroff AB

Subjects
Dermatology, RL1-803
Abstract

Manisha R Panchal,1 Helen Coope,2 D John McKenna,3 Anton B Alexandroff31Department of Dermatology, Sherwood Forest Hospitals, Kingsmill Hospital, Nottinghamshire, 2Novartis Pharmaceuticals UK Ltd, West Sussex, 3Department of Dermatology, University Hospitals of Leicester, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester, UKAbstract: Biologics are novel and important agents in the treatment of severe psoriasis. These agents block specific molecular steps in the inflammatory cascade, thereby reducing activation and proliferation of keratinocytes. Prescreening for biologic agents and careful monitoring of patients is important. There are four biologics currently licensed and used in the treatment of psoriasis in the European Union. This is an evidence-based review examining clinical trials and focusing on the long-term safety data for four biologic agents. Current British Association of Dermatology guidance for the use of biologics in psoriasis and guidelines on the management of psoriasis from the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence have been used. Advances on safety information since 2009 in clinical trials are reviewed. The results show that overall there is no statistical significance in the incidence of adverse effects of biologics versus placebo. However, there are serious adverse effects that are reported for biologics that need to be assessed for and addressed promptly. Results of studies discussing major adverse cardiovascular events are also reviewed.Keywords: psoriasis, biologic agents, safety profile, major cardiovascular events

Published
2013

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