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Background Perivascular epithelioid cell tumor (PEComa) is an uncommon tumor of mesenchymal origin. Cases of PEComa in the liver are extremely rare. Aim To analyze the clinicopathological features and treatment of hepatic PEComa and to evaluate the prognosis after different treatments. Methods Clinical and pathological data of 26 patients with hepatic PEComa were collected. All cases were analyzed by immunohistochemistry and clinical follow-up. Results This study included 17 females and 9 males, with a median age of 50 years. Lesions were located in the left hepatic lobe in 13 cases, in the right lobe in 11, and in the caudate lobe in 2. The median tumor diameter was 6.5 cm. Light microscopy revealed that the tumor cells were mainly composed of epithelioid cells. The cytoplasm contained heterogeneous eosinophilic granules. There were thick-walled blood vessels, around which tumor cells were radially arranged. Immunohistochemical analysis of pigment-derived and myogenic markers in PEComas revealed that 25 cases were HMB45 (+), 23 were Melan-A (+), and 22 SMA (+). TFE3 and Desmin were negative in all cases. All the fluorescence in situ hybridization samples were negative for TFE3 gene break-apart probe. Tumor tissues were collected by extended hepatic lobe resection or simple hepatic tumor resection as the main treatments. Median follow-up was 62.5 mo. None of the patients had metastasis or recurrence, and there were no deaths due to the disease. Conclusion Hepatic PEComa highly expresses melanin and smooth muscle markers, and generally exhibits an inert biological behavior. The prognosis after extended hepatic lobe resection and simple hepatic tumor resection is semblable.

Background The preoperative evaluation is crucial for diagnosis and surgical plan of retroperitoneum ganglioneuroma (GN). In this study, we reviewed a relatively large series of histopathological proved retroperitoneum GN cases, summarized the imaging features and further depicted risk factors of increased surgical blood loss. Methods A total of 35 (18 male, 17 female) patients were retrospectively enrolled from January 2012 to June 2019 at our institution. Among them, 24 patients had undergone CT scans and 19 patients had undergone MR examination before treatment. The clinical and radiological features were analyzed and the relationships between image features and surgical blood loss were evaluated. Results The media age of the involved 35 patients was 40 years (range, 14–66 years). The histological tumor size was 10.12 ± 4.56 cm for average. Retroperitoneum GN was relatively low density on unenhanced CT images and showed delayed progressive enhancement on enhanced CT and MR images. The whorled sign could be seen in 14 patients. The vessel encasement sign could be found in 17 patients. Univariate analysis revealed maximal tumor size measured on axial image, maximal tumor size measured on coronal image, encasing one or both renal pedicles, encasing the aorta and/or vena cava and whorled sign on MRI showed significant difference between the blood loss ≥ 400 ml and blood loss P = 0.023) and encasing one or both renal pedicles (OR: 22.39; 95% CI: 1.35–372.99; P = 0.030) were independently correlated with surgical blood loss. Conclusions Preoperative CT and MR imaging analysis was valuable for both diagnosis and surgical risk prediction of retroperitoneum GN.

Background The incidence of mixed neuroendocrine-non-neuroendocrine neoplasms (MiNEN) is low. To improve our understanding of this rare tumor type and optimally guide clinical treatment, associated risk factors, clinical manifestations, and prognosis must be explored. Aim To identify risk factors that influence the prognosis of patients with gastroenteropancreatic MiNEN (GEP-MiNEN). Methods We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 46 patients who were diagnosed with GEP-MiNEN at the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College (Anhui, China) between January 2013 and December 2017. Risk factors influencing the prognosis of the patients were assessed using Kaplan-Meier curves and cox regression models. We compared the results with 55 randomly selected patients with gastroenteropancreatic GEP neuroendocrine tumors, 47 with neuroendocrine carcinomas (NEC), and 58 with poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma. Results Among the 46 patients with GEP-MiNEN, thirty-five had gastric tumors, nine had intestinal tumors (four in the small intestine and five in the colon and rectum), and two had pancreatic tumors. The median age of the patients was 66 (41-84) years, and the male-to-female ratio was 2.83. Thirty-three (71.7%) patients had clinical stage III and IV cancers. Distant metastasis occurred in 14 patients, of which 13 had metastasis to the liver. The follow-up period was 11-72 mo, and the median overall survival was 30 mo. Ki-67 index ≥ 50%, high proportion of NEC, lymph node involvement, distant metastasis, and higher clinical stage were independent risk factors affecting the prognosis of patients with GEP-MiNEN. The median overall survival was shorter for patients with NEC than for those with MiNEN (14 mo vs 30 mo, P = 0.001), but did not significantly differ from those with poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma and MiNEN (30 mo vs 18 mo, P = 0.453). Conclusion A poor prognosis is associated with rare, aggressive GEP-MiNEN. Ki-67 index, tumor composition, lymph node involvement, distant metastasis, and clinical stage are important factors for patient prognosis.

Soil nematode communities play an important role in ecosystem material cycling and energy flow. In this study, soil samples were collected from three rotation systems in southern Ningxia mountainous region, including alfalfa continuous cropping (A-A), alfalfa-corn rotation (A-C), alfalfa-potato rotation (A-P). Soil physicochemical properties, nematode community composition and their metabolic footprints were measured. Compared with the A-A plot, the concentrations of soil organic carbon (SOC) and total nitrogen (TN) were significantly increased by 4.6% and 7.4% for SOC, 4.0% and 5.2% for TN in the A-C and A-P plots, respectively. Soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen were significantly higher in the A-C and A-P plots when compared with the A-A plot. The total abundance of soil nematodes in the A-C and A-P plots was higher by 49.5% and 93.7% than that in the A-A plot, respectively, with the dominant trophic group being changed to omnivores-predators from plant parasite. Compared to the A-A plot, the plant parasite index (PPI) was decreased significantly in the A-C and A-P plots, indicating that the harm of plant-parasites was reduced in soil food web. The nematode channel ratio (NCR) in the A-C and A-P plots were higher than that in the A-A plot, indicating that the role of bacterial decomposition was enhanced in soil organic matter decomposition. The maturity index (MI), the total nematode metabolic footprint, enrichment footprint, structure footprint in the A-C and A-P plots were all significantly higher than those in the A-A plot, suggesting that the structure and function of soil food web were more mature and stable, and the productivity and metabolic activity of nematodes were significantly enhanced. In general, the alfalfa-crop rotations improved soil nutrient status and reduced the disturbance degree of soil food web. Furthermore, soil ecosystem developed in the stable and healthy direction, which would be beneficial to the sustainable development of agriculture.线虫群落在土壤生态系统物质循环和能量流动过程中起着重要的作用。本研究以宁夏南部山区3种苜蓿-作物种植方式[苜蓿连作(A-A)、苜蓿-玉米轮作(A-C)、苜蓿-马铃薯轮作(A-P)]为对象,探讨不同种植方式下土壤理化性质、线虫群落组成结构及代谢足迹特征,评价黄土高原半干旱区苜蓿-作物种植方式对土壤食物网结构和功能的影响。结果表明: 1)与苜蓿连作相比,苜蓿-玉米和苜蓿-马铃薯轮作方式下土壤有机碳含量分别增加了4.6%、7.4%,全氮含量分别增加了4.0%、5.2%,土壤微生物生物量碳和氮也有显著提高;2)在苜蓿连作方式下,线虫总多度为211 条·100 g

Hongchun Chen,1,2 Yuchen Huang,1,2 Ningning Yang,1,2 Wentian Yan,1,2 Ruxue Yang,3 Shan Zhang,4 Panpan Yang,5 Nan Li,1,2 Zhenzhong Feng1,2 1Department of Pathology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui Province, 233000, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui Province, 233000, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230000, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Pathology, Second People’s Hospital of Hefei, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230000, People’s Republic of China; 5Department of Pathology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230000, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Zhenzhong FengDepartment of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, No. 287 Changhuai Road, Longzihu District, Bengbu, Anhui, 233000, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86 1 505 528 9508Email fzz18297301626@163.comPurpose: Solid-pseudopapillary neoplasm (SPN) of the pancreas, a rare tumor, has low malignant potential. However, some patients develop metastasis and recurrence after resection, with aggressive biological behaviors. This study aimed to explore the features and risk factors associated with the aggressive biological behaviors of SPNs.Patients and Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the clinicopathological and long-term follow-up data of 63 patients diagnosed with SPN at the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College between January 2007 and February 2019.Results: Sixty-three patients presented atypical clinical symptoms. The median tumor size was 7.0 cm (range, 2.4– 17 cm), and imaging features were solid and cystic or solid tumors with uneven density. Frequent and diffuse nuclear LEF1 protein expression (94.2%) was observed with LEF1 having a higher sensitivity and specificity. Overall survival significantly correlated with tumor size, Ki-67 index, and lymph node metastasis (P < 0.05).Conclusion: SPN is a rare low-grade malignancy with a specific pseudopapillary structure. LEF1 is an effective biomarker of SPNs. Although SPNs generally display indolent biological behavior, a large tumor size, high proliferation index, and lymph node metastasis may be risk factors for the aggressive behavior and poor prognosis of SPN.Keywords: pancreatic tumor, LEF1, retrospective study, overall survival, metastasis

Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) strains have been clarified into two genotypes, G1 and G2, based on the sequence of the spike (S) gene. Amino acid mutations that distinguish the two PEDV genotypes were mostly located in the N-terminal domain (NTD) (aa 1-380) of S protein. The fact of increased outbreaks of G2 subtype PEDV and the failure of G1 subtype PEDV strain (CV777)-based vaccine in China since 2010 suggested that multiple amino acid mutations located in the NTD altered the antigenicity of S protein. To determine the role of the NTD of S protein in the antigenicity difference, the NTD of the CV777 vaccine strain (G1) and CH/ZMDZY/11 strain (G2) was expressed in E. coli, respectively. polyclonal antibodies (PAbs) against genotype-specific S proteins were prepared by immunizing BALB/c mice using purified S proteins. Antigenicity was systematically compared by detection of PAbs against two genotype PEDV strains and purified S proteins using Western blot, indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA), and serum cross-neutralization assay (SN). Consistent with the multiple amino acid mutations in the NTD of S protein, different antigenic cross-reactivity between the two genotypes was demonstrated. There was six-fold and more than twenty-fold difference in ELISA and SN titer between anti-CV777 S protein antibodies against G1 and G2 subtype strains, respectively. There was twofold and eight-fold difference in ELISA and SN titer between anti-ZMDZY S protein antibodies against G1 and G2 genotype strains, respectively. The results proved that the NTD of S protein contributes to the antigenicity difference between PEDV genotypes G1 and G2, and highlighted a G2 strain should be used to develop a vaccine for providing better protection against prevalent genotype of PEDV.

The establishment of Medicago sativa artificial grasslands is an important practice of grassland vegetation restoration in the Loess Plateau. Understanding community characteristics of soil microbes and nematodes can provide important information for evaluating and controlling ecolo-gical and environmental effects of vegetation restoration. In this study, we used M. sativa artificial grasslands with four different cultivation years (1, 2, 6 and 12 years) in southern Ningxia mountainous region, with a farmland and a natural grassland as control, to explore changing trends of the two biological communities during artificial grassland restoration in semi-arid region of the Loess Plateau. The results showed that: 1) After the conversion of farmland to M. sativa grassland, Chao1, ACE and Shannon diversity indices of soil bacterial community increased firstly and then decreased, which reached the maximum after six years of M. sativa grassland establishment. For soil fungal community, Shannon diversity index was lower in 6 and 12 year-old M. sativa grasslands than in the other two artificial grasslands, and the community composition differed across restoration years. 2) With the increases of restoration years, the abundance of soil nematodes showed a similar changing trend with Shannon diversity index of bacterial community. The composition of nematode community did not greatly differ between the 6-year-old M. sativa grassland and farmland, while that in 12-year-old artificial grassland was more similar to that in natural grassland. The proportion of bacterivorous and plant-feeding nematodes, as well as plant parasitic index and nematode channel index of nematode community,were increased, while the proportion of fungivores and omnivores-predators and maturity index were decreased. 3) During the restoration, changes in soil organic carbon, total nitrogen and available phosphorus greatly affected soil microbial community, which could further influence soil nematode community. There were significant correlations between dominant microbial phyla and trophic groups of soil nematodes, implying the possible effects of soil microbes on nematode community. In M. sativa artificial grassland with different establishment years, changes in plant biomass and diversity might significantly affect soil nematode and microbial communities through affecting their food conditions.建植紫花苜蓿人工草地是黄土高原植被恢复的重要措施之一。土壤微生物和线虫群落特征是评价和调控植被恢复的生态环境效应的重要依据。本研究在宁夏南部山区选取不同种植年限(1、2、6和12年)的紫花苜蓿人工草地为研究样地,以农田和天然草地作为对照,探索黄土高原人工草地植被恢复过程中土壤微生物和线虫群落的演变规律及其影响因素。结果表明: 1)种植苜蓿显著提高了土壤细菌群落的Chao1、ACE和Shannon多样性指数,并在种植苜蓿后第6年达到最高,但在种植6年和12年后真菌群落多样性降低;随着苜蓿种植年限的增加,真菌群落组成从农田逐渐向天然草地方向演变;2)土壤线虫数量与细菌群落多样性的变化趋势相同,在种植苜蓿后第6年出现峰值,该时期线虫群落结构组成与农田较相似,苜蓿12年样地则更接近天然草地;随着苜蓿种植年限的增加,食细菌线虫、植食性线虫比例总体呈上升趋势,食真菌线虫、杂食/捕食线虫比例呈下降趋势,土壤成熟度指数(MI)逐渐减小,植物寄生线虫指数(PPI)和线虫通路指数(NCR)则不断增大;3)在苜蓿人工草地植被恢复过程中,土壤有机碳、全氮和速效磷对土壤微生物群落结构影响较大,并进一步影响线虫群落结构;细菌和真菌群落优势类群和多样性与线虫的不同营养类群及生态指数之间存在密切联系,表明微生物群落结构与多样性对线虫群落具有显著影响;在不同种植年限苜蓿草地中,植物的生物量与多样性的变化可能通过影响土壤微生物与线虫食物资源状况从而引起其群落特征的改变。.

Aim: To study the expression pattern of circular RNAs in diabetic peripheral neuropathy. Materials & methods: Transmission electron microscopy was used to observe the ultrastructure of sciatic nerves and dorsal root ganglion (DRGs). circRNAs in DRGs were identified with high-throughput RNA sequencing. Whole-genome mRNAs were detected by a chip scan. Results: The ultrastructure of sciatic nerves and DRGs in diabetes mellitus mice changed significantly. A total of 11,004 circRNAs and 15 differentially expressed circRNAs, as well as 35,368 mRNAs and 133 differentially expressed mRNAs were identified in DRGs between wild-type and diabetes mellitus mice. 11 circRNAs and 14 mRNAs have a significant correlation using strict coexpression analysis. The expression of circRNA.4614 was validated to be upregulated significantly. Conclusion: Our study suggested that circRNAs might be involved in the regulation of mRNA expressions in diabetic peripheral neuropathy.

Hydroxyapatite (HAP) nanorods were synthesized via a facile hydrothermal method, which were used as nanoadditives to prepare the flame-retardant microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) composite aerogels. Flame-retardant and thermal properties of MCC/HAP composite aerogels were evaluated. When tests were performed at room temperature, the composite aerogels exhibited enhanced thermal stability and low thermal conductivity but more rapid thermal dynamic transfer rate during heating and thermal dissipation rate during cooling compared to pure MCC aerogel. The MCC aerogel containing 50 wt % HAP yielded a reduction of 93.7% in peak heat release rate (PHRR), and the smoldering occurred when exposed to a flame or the cone heater. The remarkable improvement in the flame-retardant properties of MCC/HAP should be attributed to these possible mechanisms: (i) the increased thermal dynamic transfer performance during heating has an adverse effect on the increment in time to ignition and time to PHRR; (ii) the nonflammable H...

Yan Sun,1,* Pan-Pan Yang,1,* Zhen-Yuan Song,2 Yu Feng,1 Duan-Min Hu,1 Ji Hu,1 Guang-Yin Xu,3 Hong-Hong Zhang1,3 1Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Endocrinology, The East District of Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Suzhou, People’s Republic of China; 3Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Translational Research and Therapy for Neuro-Psycho-Diseases, Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, People’s Republic of China *These authors contributed equally to this work Aim: Patients with long-standing diabetes often demonstrate intestinal dysfunction, characterized as constipation or colonic hypersensitivity. Our previous studies have demonstrated the roles of voltage-gated sodium channels NaV1.7 and NaV1.8 in dorsal root ganglion (DRG) in colonic hypersensitivity of rats with diabetes. This study was designed to determine roles of antioxidant α-lipoic acid (ALA) on sodium channel activities and colonic hypersensitivity of rats with diabetes. Methods: Streptozotocin was used to induce diabetes in adult female rats. Colonic sensitivity was measured by behavioral responses to colorectal distention in rats. The excitability and sodium channel currents of colon projection DRG neurons labeled with DiI were measured by whole-cell patch-clamp recordings. The expressions of NaV1.7 and NaV1.8 of colon DRGs were measured by western blot analysis. Results: ALA treatment significantly increased distention threshold in responding to colorectal distension in diabetic rats compared with normal saline treatment. ALA treatment also hyperpolarized the resting membrane potentials, depolarized action potential threshold, increased rheobase, and decreased frequency of action potentials evoked by ramp current stimulation. Furthermore, ALA treatment also reduced neuronal sodium current densities of DRG neurons innervating the colon from rats with diabetes. In addition, ALA treatment significantly downregulated NaV1.7 and NaV1.8 expression in colon DRGs from rats with diabetes. Conclusion: Our results suggest that ALA plays an analgesic role, which was likely mediated by downregulation of NaV1.7 and NaV1.8 expressions and functions, thus providing experimental evidence for using ALA to treat colonic hypersensitivity in patients with diabetic visceral pain. Keywords: diabetes, colonic hypersensitivity, dorsal root ganglion, voltage-gated sodium channels, α-lipoic acid

This study aimed to explore the influence of Tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase (WARS) expression on the proliferation and migration of uveal melanoma (UM) cells, and the potential mechanisms. Bioinformatics analysis based on Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database showed that WARS expression in metastatic cancer was significantly higher than that in no-metastatic group. Kaplan-Meier analysis based on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database showed that high WARS expression was associated with lower survival. Biological function experiments showed that overexpression of WARS in OCM-1A cells can promote cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, whereas knockdown of WARS in C918 cells showed the opposite effect. Finally, we observed that the up-regulation of WARS induced the activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/AKT (PI3K/AKT) signaling, whilst depletion of WARS resulted in opponent outcomes. Taken together, our results illustrated that WARS was overexpressed in UM cells and contributed to the viability and motility of UM cells via modulating PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.

To the EditorSeneca Valley virus (SVV), an emerging non-enveloped, single-stranded RNA virus, belongs to the genus Senecavirus in the family Picornaviridae and has drawn a large amount of attention...

H9N2 avian influenza viruses (AIVs) have been detected from wild birds and domestic poultry worldwide. Serious diseases combined with secondary infection have caused high mortality and great economic losses to poultry industry. Therefore, simple, rapid, sensitive and accurate methods suitable for field detection of H9N2 AIVs are crucial to efficiently control virus infection and spread in time. In this study, an isothermal reverse transcription recombinase polymerase amplification with lateral-flow dipstick (RT-RPA-LFD) assay for detection of hemagglutinin (HA) gene of H9 subtype influenza viruses was developed. The optimal forward and reverse primers targeting HA gene of H9 subtype influenza viruses were labeled with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) and biotin at the 5'-end, respectively. The amplification reaction could be finished in 20 min at a wide temperature range of 30-42°C, and then the products could be visualized with naked eyes. The developed H9 RT-RPA-LFD was able to detect 0.15 pg of H9N2 AIV RNA, which was 10 times more sensitive than that of conventional RT-PCR. The H9 RT-RPA-LFD assay did not detect nucleic acids extracted from H9 negative samples or from other poultry respiratory pathogens. The clinical performance of H9 RT-RPA-LFD was determined by testing 120 cloacal samples collected from chickens with respiratory syndromes. The coincidence rate of the detection results between RT-RPA-LFD and conventional RT-PCR was 95.8%. Therefore, the developed RT-RPA-LFD assay provides a rapid, reliable and sensitive method for field diagnosis of H9 subtype AIVs.

To compare the changes in oral health-related quality of life(OHRQoL) among adolescent patients and adult patients during orthodontic treatment.The clinical data were collected from 81 patients (aged 15 to 25 years old) who underwent comprehensive orthodontic treatment. The participants were divided into 2 groups: adolescent patients (n=43) and adult patients (n=38) by age. OHRQoL was assessed using the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14). All subjects were examined and interviewed at baseline and the end of 3 stages during orthodontics treatment. Friedman 2-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Wilcoxon signed rank tests were used to compare the relative changes of OHRQoL among different time points with SPSS 20.0 software package.The scores of OHIP-14 and all domains except communication disorder and social disability domain in adolescent and adult patients showed significant changes as well as a decrease trend. Only adults showed significant changes in communication disorder.Both groups had no significant difference.The impact of comprehensive orthodontic treatment on patients' OHRQoL is quite different. Orthodontists should pay attention to the differences and guide the patients accordingly.

To observe the effect of icariin on turnover of paradentium as well as the mechanism of effects on osteoclast during orthodontic tooth movement in rats.Forty-right SD rats were used to establish animal models of OTM and divided into two groups randomly: the control group and the experimental group. Rats in the experimental group were given 20 mg/（kg.d） icariin by intragastric administration, while rats in the control group received solvent with the same volume. The rats were sacrificed in batch on the 7th, 14th, 21st and 28th day after orthodontic treatment. The amount of tooth movement was measured, and histomorphometric analysis based on slices from periodontium adjacent to the maxillary first molars was used to observe new bone formation, bone resorption and quantify osteoclasts. Statistical analysis was performed by using SPSS 16.0 software package.The movement distance of the first molar was significantly larger in the icariin group than that in the control group (P0.05). In the icariin group, the number of osteoclasts was significantly higher than the control group at the 7th day and then demonstrated a steady decrease.Icariin could accelerate OTM in rats through promoting bone turnover of alveolar bone.

Aerial bulbil, other than axillary branch and tendril, is a special propagative organ in Lilium lancifolium, but the development events occurring during bulbil formation of L. lancifolium have not been reported. In this study, we observed the changes of morphology and anatomical structure during the process of bulbil formation in L. lancifolium. The results indicated that bulbils of L. lancifolium formed in the joint region of leaf and stem and were derived from the division and differentiation of axillary meristem cells. Bulbils first generated on a certain leaf axil in the upper portion of stem, and then formed upward along the upper stem. The present study provides histological information for further studying the mechanism of bulbil formation.

Currently, there are lots of groundwater simulation softwares, but the GMS software is being more and more widely used , with friendly interface, powerful front and post-processing functions and good effect of 3 d visualization. In GMS software, on the basis of a brief introduction to the module of the software, presenting the advantages of the software and analyzing the prospects in the research field of mine water prevention and control of application.

The physical and mechanical properties and microstructure of Q2loess are of great theoretical and practical significance. Through studying these properties which Q2loess samples are taken in the Xi'an city of Lin-tong District of Mount Li, the results show that: (1)Natural water content, wet density, liquid and solid index, shear strength, collapsible coefficient compressive modulus; (2)By means of the scanning electron microscope to study the picture of the loess micro-structure, there are some preliminary understanding of micro-structure’s basic characteristics; (3)Using scanning electron microscopy techniques to observe the loess micro-structure, As the performance of the loess micro-structure’s basic unit-body and its arrangement form, the loess micro-structure is the reflection of its physical and mechanical properties, Meanwhile the change of physical and mechanical properties also show the unstability of the loess micro-structure.

As the increasing equipment of high power and motor load put into coal mine enterprise, the quality of power supply is decreasing, such as low power factor and large voltage fluctuation, etc. After analyzing the theory and algorithm of reactive power compensation in details, studying a system based on STM32 thyristor switched capacitor (TSC) reactive power compensation control system, which includes compensation, control algorithms of nine zone diagram, controller hardware design and software design. The experimental results show that, this TSC system can realize a faster and more accurate measurement and switching, which have an obvious effect of compensation, and a safe and efficient automatic operation of the system.

To investigate the effects of strontium ranelate on the expression of BMP-2 during rapid maxillary expansion.Thirty-six male 6-week- old male Wistar rats were selected. They were randomly divided into 3 groups. Group A was designed as a control group. An expanded application producing 100 g force was fixed between the first and the second molar on both sides of the rats in group B and group C. 600 mg/kg strontium ranelate was given to the rats in group C daily via an orogastric route, while the equal normal saline was given to the rats in group B. Then the rats were sacrificed on day 4, 7 and 10. The expression of BMP-2 which is a sign of bone formation was detected with immunohistochemical staining and analyzed with Image-pro plus 5.0. SPSS19.0 software package was used for statistical analysis.The expression of BMP-2 in the midpalatal suture was significantly greater in group B than that in group A on day 4 (P0.05); however, there was no significant difference between group A and group B on day 7 and 10 (P0.05). The expression of BMP-2 in the midpalatal suture in group C was significantly greater than that in the other two groups at each time point (P0.05).Strontium ranelate promotes the expression time and quantity of BMP-2 in the mid-palatal suture of rats during rapid maxillary expansion and may accelerate bone formation during rapid maxillary expansion.

The present study was designed to investigate the roles of P2X3 receptors in dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons in colonic hypersensitivity and the effects of alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) on P2X3 receptor activity and colonic hypersensitivity of diabetic rats. Streptozotocin (STZ) was used to induce diabetic model. Abdominal withdrawal reflex (AWR) responding to colorectal distention (CRD) was recorded as colonic sensitivity. ATP-induced current density of colon-specific DRG (T13-L2 DRGs) neurons was measured with whole-cell patch clamp. The expression of P2X3Rs of T13-L2 DRGs was measured by western blot analysis. The results showed that AWR scores significantly increased after STZ injection. P2X3R expression and ATP current density of T13-L2 DRG neurons were enhanced in diabetic rats. Intraperitoneal injection with ALA once a day for 1 week remarkably reduced P2X3R expression and ATP current density in diabetic rats. Importantly, ALA treatment attenuated colonic hypersensitivity in diabetic rats. Our data suggest that STZ injection increases expression and function of P2X3 receptors of colon-specific DRG neurons, thus contributing to colonic hypersensitivity in diabetic rats. Administration of ALA attenuates diabetic colonic hypersensitivity, which is most likely mediated by suppressing expression and function of P2X3 receptors in DRGs of diabetic rats.

In this paper, research the influence on spacing thermal wires in the sensitive element of fluidic gyroscope. Using ANSYS-FLOTRAN CFD software, the finite element simulation is conducted by a series of procedures, such as two-dimensional model building of fluidic gyroscope, meshing, loads applying and equation solving. The two-dimensional airflow distributions of different distances between two thermal wires in sensitive element of fluidic gyroscope are calculated. The results show that, when the angular velocity ωio/s, and the distance between two thermal wires d=4mm, the structure can reduce the velocity of vortex in sensitive element, and increase the thermal wires variation, thus it will increase bridge output voltage, and improve the sensitivity of fluidic gyroscope.

This Paper Briefly Describes the Basic Principle of Reactive Power Compensation and Introduces the Indirect Current Control and Direct Current Control Method Based on Instantaneous Reactive Power Theory. Compare the Two Control Theory and Use the MATABLE Simulink Environment to Analyzing the Difference between the Two Methods

Study on ecological compensation ability of urban green space is the premise and foundation of scientific and reasonable urban ecological green space system planning. Taking Jinan as an example, the paper studies the ecological compensation ability of ecological green space system by applying RS and GIS technology, based on the principle of balance of carbon and oxygen and by using the green equivalent method. The results show: except Lixia District’s per-capita two-dimensional green biomass does not reach minimal standard(25m2 per person), the other four districts (Licheng, Tianqiao, Huaiyin and Shizhong) reach the underline of green equivalent which meets the needs of the normal life of residents. However, there exist some problems, such as scarcity of green space types and disproportion of ratio between trees and shrubs.

To evaluate the use of platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) in the regenerative therapy of immature canine permanent teeth.Eight immature premolars of beagle dogs were pulp extracted and cleaned with irrigation, then divided into two groups of empty root canals and those filled with a PRF clot. All of the eight premolars were sealed with mineral trioxide aggregate and glass ionomer cement. Two premolars were left naturally grown as a positive control. The root development was assessed radiographically and histologically after 12 weeks.The radiological findings showed greater increases in the thickness of lateral dentinal wall in the PRF group than in the vacant group. Histologically, dental-associated mineral tissue, connective tissue, and bone-like mineral tissue grew into the root canals independent of PRF clot use. The PRF was able to increase the thickness of dental-associated mineral tissue. However, the vital tissue differed from the pulp dentin complex.Our study demonstrated the feasibility of using PRF-mediated regenerative therapy in pulpless immature teeth for improving tissue repair.

Along with the exaltation of people to the electric energy quality requirements, the importance of compensating the reactive power is valued by people. The offset device of various kinds emerges with the tide of time. SVG plays an important part in the reactive compensating by the advantage of its quality. This text described the development, radical principle and control method of SVG and still introduced the limits, advantages and some improvement measures at the same time. Finally carry on analysis to the development tendency and lay foundation for the search of SVG technique.

Knowledge community detection algorithm is a main technical means to knowledge discovery in complex network. It is used to discover the potential community structures to provide a basis for web services, for example, personalized recommendations. In this paper, a parallel algorithm for knowledge community detection based on MapReduce is proposed. This paper, through various experiments, proves that the efficiency of the parallel algorithm is increased significantly.

In this paper, we discussed various personalized learning recommendation service and their advantages and disadvantages. On the basis of these methods, we proposed the similarity degree computing algorithm and user community discover algorithm. After verifying, analyzing and evaluating these algorithms and the recommendation model, we applied it as a recommendation service in SGCL (Social Group Collaborative Learning) System. Using the model in SGCL system, the system can recommend user personalized information and practical data proves that it can improve the learning quality effectively.

A new steroid, 20-hydroxyisofucosterol (stigmasta-5,24(28)-diene-3β,20β-diol) (7), along with six known compounds 1 - 6 were isolated from the MeOH extract of the leaves of Sauropus androgynus L. Merr. (Euphorbiaceae). The structure of new steroid was determined by HR-APCI-MS and various NMR techniques in combination with literature data. Subsequently, their anti-inflammatory, cytotoxic activities against five human cell lines, as well as inhibitory activities against the α-MSH induced melanogenesis on the B16 cell line were evaluated. As the results, steroid compounds, 6 and 7 exhibited moderate cytotoxic to HL60, AZ521, SKBR3, and A549 tumor cell lines (IC50 26.9 - 45.1 μm) with high tumor selectivity for A549 relative to WI38 cell lines (SI 2.6 and 3.0, resp.). And, flavonoid compounds, 4 and 5 exhibited superior inhibitory activities against melanogenesis (67.0 - 94.7% melanin content), even with no or low toxicity to the cells (90.1 - 99.6% cell viability) at the concentrations from 10 to 100 μm. Furthermore, Western blot analysis suggested that compound 5 could inhibit melanogenesis by suppressing the protein expressions of MITF, TRP-1, TRP-2, and tyrosinase.

Painful diabetic neuropathy is a common complication of diabetes produced by mechanisms that as yet are incompletely defined. The aim of this study was to investigate the roles of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) in the regulation of purinergic receptor P2X ligand-gated ion channel 3 (P2X3R) plasticity in dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons of rats with painful diabetes. Here, we showed that hindpaw pain hypersensitivity in streptozocin-induced diabetic rats was attenuated by treatment with purinergic receptor antagonist suramin or A-317491. The expression and function of P2X3Rs was markedly enhanced in hindpaw-innervated DRG neurons in diabetic rats. The CpG (cytosine guanine dinucleotide) island in the p2x3r gene promoter region was significantly demethylated, and the expression of DNA methyltransferase 3b was remarkably downregulated in DRGs in diabetic rats. The binding ability of p65 (an active form of NF-κB) with the p2x3r gene promoter region and p65 expression were enhanced significantly in diabetes. The inhibition of p65 signaling using the NF-κB inhibitor pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate or recombinant lentiviral vectors designated as lentiviral vector-p65 small interfering RNA remarkably suppressed P2X3R activities and attenuated diabetic pain hypersensitivity. Insulin treatment significantly attenuated pain hypersensitivity and suppressed the expression of p65 and P2X3Rs. Our findings suggest that the p2x3r gene promoter DNA demethylation and enhanced interaction with p65 contributes to P2X3R sensitization and diabetic pain hypersensitivity.

To investigate the effect of platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) on the proliferation and chemotaxis capacity of autogenous canine dental pulp cells (cDPCs), and to evaluate the use of PRF as a pulp capping material in vital pulp therapy.cDPCs were isolated and cultured from permanent anterior teeth of Beagle dogs by enzymatic methods. PRF was attained by Choukroun's protocols and the exudates of PRF were collected at the time point of the 7th day. Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) was applied to analyze cell proliferation. The medium of the control group was minimum essential medium alpha medium (α-MEM) containing 2% (volume fraction) fetal bovine serum (FBS). The experiment group was the exudates of PRF containing 2% FBS, and was divided into 5 groups (20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, 100%) by the volume fraction of the exudates of PRF. The 5 groups were named as PRF1, PRF2, PRF3, PRF4 and PRF5 respectively. Transwell model was used to evaluate cell chemotaxis capacity. The exudates of PRF which was most effectively in promoting cDPCs proliferation was added in the lower chamber of the experimental group; The positive control group was α-MEM containing 30% FBS and the negative control group was fresh α-MEM; The upper chamber of each group was added with 1 × 105 cells.The optical density of group PRF2 (1.45 ± 0.06) was significantly higher than that of the control group(1.21 ± 0.11, P0.001). The optical density of groups PRF1, PRF3, PRF4, and PRF5 were 1.20 ± 0.02, 1.28 ± 0.04, 1.19 ± 0.02, 1.22 ± 0.02, respectively, and there was no significant difference between these groups and the control group (PRF1: P=0.902; PRF3: P=0.084; PRF4: P=0.726; PRF5: P=0.779). Therefore, the volume fraction which was most effective in promoting cell proliferation was 40%. At these concentrations the number of migrated cells was higher in PRF group(55.89 ± 18.42) than in the negative group(6.52 ± 1.97, P0.001), but there was no significant difference between PRF group and the positive group(59.25 ± 29.17, P=0.970).PRF was a biocompatible material with cDPCs. Appropriate concentration of the exudates of PRF accelerated the proliferation and migration of cDPCs, which contributes to pulp repair in vital pulp therapy.

To study the chemical constituents of Herpetospermum caudigerum.The chemical constituents were isolated by silica gel, Sephedex LH-20 and MCI methods. Their structures were elucidated by physical-chemical properties and spectroscopic methods such as UV, IR, ESI-MS, H-NMR and 13 C-NMR.Seven compounds were isolated and identified as Herpetolide A (1), Herpetolide B (2), Dehydrodiconiferyl alcohol (3), Herpetol (4), Arbutin, 1-acetate (5), Dodecanoic acid (6) and 10-Eicosenoic acid (7).compounds 5-7 are isolated from this plant for the first time.