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Eurotium cristatum had important application value in the development of hypoglycemic and lipid-lowering functional foods and natural medicines. The analysis of the overall metabolite information and the hypoglycemic and lipid-lowering active ingredients produced by Eurotium cristatum could provide theoretical basis and data support for the development and application of the bacterial strain. By taking the strain Ys-Ec-01 of Eurotium cristatum as the experimental material, the non-targeted metabolomics based on the ultra performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole electrostatic field orbitrap mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QE-MS) technology was used to analyze the fermentation metabolic profile Ys-Ec-01 by combining with the principal component analysis (PCA) and the orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA), in order to find the hypoglycemic and lipid-lowering active products. The results showed that the metabolite profile of Ys-Ec-01 changed significantly after the fermentation. From the metabolite profile, a total of 365 fermentation products were identified, and then 205 differential fermentation products and 151 main fermentation products were screened, thus to identify 13 hypoglycemic and lipid-lowering active ingredients, which were chrysoeriol, kaempferol, isorhamnetin, epicatechin, capsaicin, nicotinic acid, trigonelline, 1-deoxynojirimycin, allantoin, protocatechuic acid, linoleic acid, choline and L-carnitine. These active ingredients provided more targets and basic information for the research, development and application of hypoglycemic and lipid-lowering function of Ys-Ec-01. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

According to the statistical properties of g-h distribution, a g-h VaR method was presented based on the extreme loss of the portfolio. This method compounds the merits of history simulation method, analytical method and the extreme theory method. The research on stock market shows that this g-h VaR method gains an advantage over δ-normal model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To observe the clinical therapeutic effects of auricular gold-needle therapy on chronic fatigue syndrome of qi deficiency constitution and explore its potential mechanism., Methods: A total of 120 patients were randomized into an auricular gold-needle therapy group, an auricular point pressure therapy group and a Chinese herb group, 40 cases in each one. Additionally, a health control group (40 cases) was set up, without any intervention. In the auricular gold-needle therapy group, the gold needle was used to stimulate the auricular points on one side and the cowherb seed pressure therapy on the other side. In the auricular point pressure therapy group, the cowherb seed pressure therapy was adopted only on one side. The auricular points were shen (CO 10 ), xin (CO 15 ), fei (CO 14 ), pizhixia (AT 4 ), etc. in the two groups. The auricular points on both sides were used alternatively. The treatment was given once a week, 4 treatments as one course and the consecutive 3 courses of treatment were required. In the Chinese herb group, buzhong yiqi wan was prescribed for oral administration, 6 g, twice a day, the medication for 1 month was as one session and the consecutive 3 sessions of medication were required. Before and after treatment, separately, the clinical symptom score, the levels of the serum immunoglobulins, i.e. IgA, IgG and IgM were observed in the patients of the three groups. The therapeutic effects were evaluated in the three groups., Results: The total effective rate was 90.0% (36/40) in the auricular gold-needle therapy group, better than 80.0% (32/40) in the auricular point pressure therapy group and 82.5% (33/40) in the Chinese herb group (both P <0.05). Before treatment, the clinical symptom scores of the patients in the three groups were obviously higher than the health control group (all P <0.001). After treatment, the symptom scores were all reduced as compared the scores before treatment in the three groups (all P <0.001) and the symptom scores in the auricular gold-needle therapy group were better than the auricular point pressure therapy group and the Chinese herb group (both P <0.01). Before treatment, the levels of serum IgA, IgG and IgM of the patients in the three groups were lower than the health control group (all P <0.001). The levels were all improved after treatment in the three groups (all P <0.01), and the levels in the auricular gold-needle therapy group was better than the auricular point pressure therapy group and the Chinese herb group (all P <0.05)., Conclusion: The auricular gold-needle therapy achieves the significant therapeutic effects on chronic fatigue syndrome of qi deficiency constitution and its mechanism is probably related to the regulation of immune function.