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Background: Metabolic adverse effects of second-generation antipsychotics (SGAs) have been well-documented in literature. This study aimed to develop, validate, and evaluate the usefulness of patient information leaflet (PIL) by user testing method to improve metabolic monitoring for psychiatric patients prescribed with SGAs. Methods: The study included out-patients above 18 years of age diagnosed with schizophrenia, schizoaffective, bipolar disorders prescribed with SGAs. Database such as micromedex, guidelines on developing PIL and factsheets on antipsychotics were used to prepare the content of the leaflet and was given to experts for validation. The PIL covered information on definition of antipsychotic and its types, metabolic syndrome and its prevention such as lifestyle modifications and regular monitoring. Readability of the PIL was assessed using Flesch reading ease (FRE), Flesch Kincaid grade level (FK-GL) and user testing in 20 similar patient population. Results: The BALD scores on layout and design of the PILs was found to be 29. The FRE readability test score was found to be 63.5 and FKGL test score was found to be 7.6. Among the 20 patients, 5 of them favoured English PILs, while 15 chose Kannada PILs. The overall pre and post user-testing mean scores for knowledge assessment significantly increased from 60.62 ± 23.39 to 91.25 ± 11.54. Overall, about 85 % of patients gave the PIL leaflets a good rating. Conclusion: Patient education materials of high quality that are created with pictures may aid in a better knowledge of the treatment for psychiatric patients who are on long term SGA therapy.

The primary purpose of this study is to improve the MPS Result in Science of the Grade Six-ANL pupils of Catanauan Central School Catanauan District I in the Division of Quezon for the school year 2022-2023. The researcher used a quantitative research design through a purposive sampling method, limited to 45 Grade Six-ANL pupils composed of 29 males and 16 females. A self-made questionnaire was used to gather the pre-test and post-test results. This study showed an improvement between the MPS results of the pupils in Science before and after the implementation of Project ISCIEPAM, and it was determined that the project used was effective in teaching Science subjects. It implied that Project ISCIEPAM bears significance on the learner's performances to improve and enhance their understanding of various key concepts in Science subject. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives It is necessary to implement educational programs to maintain the nutritional knowledge of the elderly. This study aims to compare the effects of three educational methods (lecture, question and answer, pamphlet presentation) on nutrition status and sustainability of nutritional knowledge in the elderly in Bandar Abbas, Iran. Methods & Materials In this quasi-experimental study, the study population consists of all older people aged ≥60 years in Bandar Abbas city. Of these, 120 people (30 people in the control group and 30 in each of three intervention groups) were selected by a two-stage sampling method. Educational intervention were done by presenting pamphlets, lecturing, and questions & answers (Q&A) sessions. Data collection tools were a 20-item questionnaire on sustainable nutrition knowledge of the Ministry of Health and a 35-item questionnaire on nutritional behavior of the elderly. Data were analyzed in SPSS software, version 23 using one-way analysis of variance and repeated measures analysis of variance. Results The age range of the elderly was 60-79 years. The majority were male (53.3%). The results showed that the effect of Q&A method was effective in improving nutrition status (F=4.397, P=0.031) and sustainability of nutritional knowledge (F=10.108, P=0.002). Education by presentation of pamphlets and lecture had no significant effect on nutrition status and sustainability of knowledge. Conclusion By the Q&A method, the nutritional knowledge can be maintained and the nutrition status can be improved in the elderly compared to lectures and pamphlet presentation methods. It helps formulate appropriate educational programs for the elderly.

Bu çalışma iki bölümden oluşmaktadır. Vakfın istibdali ve buna dair literatür hakkında kısa bir girişten sonra Kınalızâde Ali Efendi’nin telif ettiği istibdâl risalesinin muhtevasını yansıtmayı amaçlayan bilgiler zikredilmiştir. Devamında yazıldığı dönem açısından risalenin mezhebe sunduğu katkısına yönelik tespitlere ve bir değerlendirmeye yer verilmiştir. Çalışmanın ikinci ve nisbeten daha geniş olan bölümünde ise Kınalızâde Ali Efendi’ye ait istibdâl risalesinin izahlı tercümesi kaleme alınmıştır.

Background: Although iron supplementation may prevent iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) during pregnancy, a nutrition education tool highlighting the importance of iron supplementation during pregnancy is also important. Objectives: The aim was to develop and test a nutrition education tool on iron supplementation for pregnant women. Design: A cross-sectional study was conducted. Setting: Mutare City Clinic, Manicaland province, Zimbabwe. Subjects: Sixty-seven pregnant women in their second or third trimesters of pregnancy and attending Mutare City Clinic for antenatal care (ANC) participated in the study. Outcome measures: The preferences of pregnant women regarding form, structure and content of the nutrition education tool were established using eight focus-group discussions (FGDs) in which 67 pregnant women participated. Three additional FGDs were conducted with another 28 pregnant women to assess the user-friendliness and acceptability of the developed tool. Results: A pamphlet was the most preferred tool, with English being the most preferred language, along with some Shona phrases. Women wanted information on IDA, dosage, duration and side-effects of iron supplementation and iron food sources to be included in the pamphlet. The participants identified clinics, pharmacies and churches as ideal sites for dissemination of the tool. Conclusions: A pamphlet on iron supplementation in simple English with some Shona phrases was the nutrition education tool most preferred by the pregnant women. Offering the pamphlet together with iron supplements to pregnant women could improve compliance with iron supplements. However, follow-up ANC consultations are important for effective implementation of all key messages in the pamphlet. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

OBJECTIVE: To compare the effect of educating proper tooth brushing techniques via lecture or pamphlet on the reduction of dental plaque score among 12-year-old schoolchildren from subset Karachi. METHODOLOGY: A quasi-experimental study was performed from September to December 2021 in three underprivileged Karachi schools. After ethical approval schools were selected based on convenience sampling. Subjects were selected by random sampling and were divided into groups A, B, and C. The children of groups A&B (lecture& pamphlet) were taught tooth brushing as per American dental association criteria. The Plaque score at baseline was recorded. Group A was educated using a lecture with a live demonstration of brushing using models and charts. Group B was given Pamphlets, that had both text and illustrations, containing pictures of brushing techniques. Group C had no interventioni.e. a control group. The dental plaque score was calculated using the Loe and Silness scale. The Plaque score was measured at baseline (0), after one month, and after three months. RESULT: At baseline mean, the mean plaque score was 1.381±0.636, at 1-monthfollow-up 1.161±0.562, and at 3 months follow-up 1.065±0.658. There was a significant decline in mean plaque score in group A(lecture) followed by Group B(Pamphlet) after three months of intervention. No difference was seen in the control group. CONCLUSION: The study concluded that health education programs promote oral hygiene among school-going children as a significant improvement in mean plaque score reported from baselines to 3 months follow-up. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Salmand: Iranian Journal of Ageing is the property of Negah Institute for Social Research & Scientific Communication and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This study consists of two parts. After a brief introduction about the exchange of foundation properties (istibdâl of foundations) and the literature on it, information aimed at reflecting the content of the pamphlet of istibdâl written by Kınalızâde ʿAli Efendi is mentioned. Afterwards, determinations and evaluation about contribution of the pamphlet to sect since period in which it was written are presented. In the second and relatively larger part of the study, the explanatory translation of Kınalızâde ʿAli Efendi’s istibdâl treatise was written. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Patients' roles in reducing pressure injuries (PIs) are emphasised in clinical guidelines, although patients' preferences are undetermined. This study evaluated the effects of a pilot six-month educational intervention on patient participation in PI prevention. Method: A convenience sampling method was used to select patients admitted to medical-surgical wards at one of the teaching hospitals in Tabriz, Iran. This is a one-group pre-test and post-test interventional study, conducted via quasi-experimental design. Using a pamphlet, patients received education in preventing PIs. Data collected before and after intervention through a questionnaire were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics (McNemar and paired t-tests) in SPSS software (IBM Corp., US). Results: The study cohort consisted of 153 patients. Findings revealed that the knowledge of the patients about PIs, patients' ability to talk with the nurses, information received about PIs, and patients' ability to participate in decisions related to PI prevention had significantly increased following the intervention (p<0.001). Conclusion: Educating patients can improve their knowledge to enable them to participate in PI prevention. The findings of this study suggests further research is necessary on factors influencing patients' participation in such self-care behaviours. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Although iron supplementation may prevent iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) during pregnancy, a nutrition education tool highlighting the importance of iron supplementation during pregnancy is also important. Objectives: The aim was to develop and test a nutrition education tool on iron supplementation for pregnant women. Design: A cross-sectional study was conducted. Setting: Mutare City Clinic, Manicaland province, Zimbabwe. Subjects: Sixty-seven pregnant women in their second or third trimesters of pregnancy and attending Mutare City Clinic for antenatal care (ANC) participated in the study. Outcome measures: The preferences of pregnant women regarding form, structure and content of the nutrition education tool were established using eight focus-group discussions (FGDs) in which 67 pregnant women participated. Three additional FGDs were conducted with another 28 pregnant women to assess the user-friendliness and acceptability of the developed tool. Results: A pamphlet was the most preferred tool, with English being the most preferred language, along with some Shona phrases. Women wanted information on IDA, dosage, duration and side-effects of iron supplementation and iron food sources to be included in the pamphlet. The participants identified clinics, pharmacies and churches as ideal sites for dissemination of the tool. Conclusions: A pamphlet on iron supplementation in simple English with some Shona phrases was the nutrition education tool most preferred by the pregnant women. Offering the pamphlet together with iron supplements to pregnant women could improve compliance with iron supplements. However, follow-up ANC consultations are important for effective implementation of all key messages in the pamphlet.

Cutaneous malignancy is one of the leading causes of cancer-related morbidities and mortalities. Patient self-screening is helpful for early detection. Among educational pedagogies, game-based learning (GBL) has received increasing attention in recent years. We appraised the effectiveness of GBL, using Wordwall, to enhance cognitive performances pertaining to fundamental knowledge of cutaneous malignancies and perspectives on the intervention compared with a digital pamphlet. This multi-center study utilized a quasi-experimental research design and was conducted between February and April 2022. Participants were recruited and randomly assigned into a game group and a pamphlet group with a 1:1 ratio. Fundamental knowledge of cutaneous malignancies was assessed with pre- and post-intervention tests consisting of ten multiple choice questions with four alternative answers. These tests asked about prominent or pathognomonic features of cutaneous malignancies. During the five-day intervention period, recognition scores of participants in the game group were recorded. Perspectives on the interventions were also collected for analysis. A total of 94 participants were included, 60 (63.8%) were female. The mean age was 19.8 years (standard deviation [SD]=0.8). The increase in knowledge scores of the participants in the game group and pamphlet group was 2.57 (SD=1.30) and 2.36 (SD=1.52), respectively. In the game group, the mean best recognition score (13.89, SD=2.83) was significantly higher than the mean first recognition score (9.53, SD=2.48) with a pvalue <0.001. The overall satisfaction among the participants in the game group and pamphlet group was 4.41 (SD=0.57) and 4.23 (SD=0.59), respectively. This study suggests potentiality of GBL to enhance knowledge and recognition performances of common cutaneous malignancies with high satisfaction. Embedding this approach in the primary prevention of cutaneous malignancies might be a promising option to prevent cancer-related morbidities and mortalities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In Gadda’s writing we may discern a sort of submerged obession with lightning (‘fulmine’) and/or thunderbolt (‘fólgore’) as manifestations – sometimes unashamedly comic, sometimes mournful – of catastrophe. This study collects and analyses some of these ‘catastrophic scenes’, investigates their different symbolic qualities (also in light of the different discursive contexts) and traces them back to one of the less visible perspectives of Gadda’s work: the Sublime.

Background: Today, dental emphasis has been placed on prevention. The pamphlet is a great tool for conveying information and raising awareness. In this study, the aim was to determine the effectiveness of an educational pamphlet on parents' awareness of the dental problems of primary ­­school children in Mashhad, Iran.Method: 601 parents of primary school children were selected by random clustering method from primary schools in 7 districts of Mashhad. In each training area, a girls 'primary school for the interventional group and a girls' school for the control group entered the study.In the first session, Questionnaire 1 was delivered to parents of children and they were asked to complete the questionnaire. Then in the intervention groups, the educational pamphlets were delivered to the parents. One month after the delivery of the pamphlet, during the second session, Questionnaire 2 was completed again by the same group and scored, and the score was recorded before and after the intervention for the parents. In the control group, the training pamphlet was delivered during the second session after filling out questionnaire2.Results: In the first assessment, two groups had no significant difference in awareness level (P=0.537), but they showed significant difference after second evaluation (P

Through the study of three pamphleteer authors, Renaud Camus in France, Oriana Fallaci in Italy, and Fernando Vallejo in Colombia, this article explores the impact of recent legislations against hate speech on the literary field. It determines how literature, especially pamphlets, allows the reactionary ideological offensive to attempt to circumvent the law and studies the characterizing trait of this new twenty-first century pamphlet: the rhetoric of reversal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Czytanie Literatury is the property of Czytanie Literatury and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

“American Cancer”: Henry de Montherlant and the United States ABSTRACT: If Henry de Montherlant's barbs at women have not gone unnoticed, less attention has been paid to all those he hurls at the United States. In both cases, the writer attacks a modernity that he considers harmful. Like his misogyny, his anti-Americanism is unoriginal in a society that fears being plagued by "American cancer" (Robert Aron and Arnaud Dandieu). Montherlant uses all the clichés of the time to make the United States a crude civilization, obsessed with efficiency and work, but unable to access the subtle pleasures of a refined culture. However, the pamphleteer vein of his work dried up quite quickly, as if the writer himself was aware of the limits of his indictment. Too caricatural probably, his criticism of the United States leaves room for a form of self-mockery. At the same time that he makes fun of the United States, the writer also makes fun of himself. RÉSUMÉ : Si les « piques » d’Henry de Montherlant contre les femmes ne sont pas passées inaperçues, on a été moins attentif à toutes celles qu’il lance contre les États-Unis. Dans l’un et l’autre cas, l’écrivain s’attaque à une modernité qu’il juge néfaste. Comme sa misogynie, son antiaméricanisme n’a rien d’original dans une société qui craint d’être gangrenée par le « cancer américain » (Robert Aron et Arnaud Dandieu). Monatherlant reprend tous les clichés de l’époque pour faire des États-Unis une civilisation grossière, obsédée par l’efficacité et le travail, mais incapable d’accéder aux plaisirs subtils d’une culture raffinée. Pourtant, la veine pamphlétaire de son œuvre se tarit assez vite, comme si l’écrivain lui-même était conscient des limites de son réquisitoire. Trop caricaturale sans doute, sa critique des États-Unis laisse place à une forme d’autodérision. En même temps qu’il se moque des États-Unis, l’écrivain se moque aussi de lui-même.

Background & aim: The quality of sexual life is an important dimension of women's quality of life. Various factors including medication, education and regular exercise modulate menopausal symptoms and improve the quality of life in postmenopausal women. The present study was conducted to compare the effect of exercise training through multimedia and pamphlets on the quality of sexual life in postmenopausal women.Methods: This experimental study was performed on 70 postmenopausal women referred to the social security clinic in Quchan. A 45-minute training session was held for all individuals and then they were randomly assigned in the pamphlet (n=35) and the multimedia group (n=35). The tools included demographic questionnaire, quality of sexual life questionnaire, pelvic floor exercise checklist, and the criteria of measuring pelvic floor muscle strength (Brink scale). Data were analyzed using inferential statistics including Chi-square, Friedman, T-student, Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney tests.Results: The mean score of quality of sexual life in the multimedia group before the intervention was 73.15±1.72 that increased to 79.07±11.3 after the intervention (P=0.024). Also, in the pamphlet group, it was 74.3±09.59 before the intervention that increased to 80.52±08.27 after the intervention (P=0.007). However, no significant difference was found between the two groups after the intervention comparing the mean score of quality of sexual life.Conclusion: Exercise training through both multimedia and pamphlets had a positive and similar effect on increasing postmenopausal women’s quality of sexual life. Therefore, standard training pamphlets is recommended in providing services to postmenopausal women.

Aims: To compare online video and pamphlet education in improving the knowledge of high school students toward COVID and to assess satisfaction with the two educational approaches. Materials and Methods: In this randomized controlled trial, 240 girl students received either online, video-based education or pamphlet-based education or that described the methods of dealing with COVID-19 and description of COVID-19 symptoms as well as a control group that received no intervention. Their knowledge was assessed at baseline and 12 weeks after group-specific intervention. Results: Participants in both groups had similar levels of baseline knowledge. Poststudy analysis showed significantly greater improvement in the knowledge scores from video group members compared to the pamphlet group (P = 0.003). Both pamphlet and video groups significantly achieved better scores than the control group (P < 0.001). Finally, the video group rated their education method more useful and appealing than the pamphlet group (P = 0.018). Conclusion: Video-based learning is a more effective educational tool for teaching methods of preventing and transmitting of coronavirus disease than written materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An article by Dragiša D. Vasić on drastic examples of the politicization and mythmaking of the Bosniak historical narrative, and polemical essays by Dubravka Stojanović and Husnija Kamberović were published in the journal Tokovi istorije in 2/2020 and 3/2020 issues. This paper analyzes the polemics in light of the declaration called “Defend History”, published in 2020 by a group of historians from the post-Yugoslav area, including Dubravka Stojanović and Husnija Kamberović. The paper demonstrates the pamphleteerist character of the declaration and numerous abuses of history, as well as its ideological and political background.

The author of the article for the first time refers to a little-known period in the biography of the writer-humorist A.T. Averchenko, who visited the Don in 1918-1919th. Cooperating with the local newspaper “Priazov Region”, Averchenko created a multi-genre “Rostov text”, which now numbers 26 publications and served as the material for the study. The biographical context allows to recreate publications in the magazines “New Satyricon”, “Theatrical Courier”, “The Don Wave”, the writer’s archive, memoirs of his contemporaries, etc. The relevance of the topic of the article is due to both the need for a scientific study of the biography of the emigrant writer and the tasks of literary local history, in particular, the possible perpetuation of Averchenko´s name in Rostov-on-Don (for example, with the memorial plaque on the building of the former editorial office of “Priazov Region”). Having indicated the characteristic feature of Averchenko’s creative path – touring activities – the author of the article sets the dates of his concerts in Rostov-on-Don in 1912, 1914, 1918, names the addresses (Asmolovsky theater, cafe “Empire”, theater “Grotesque”, etc.) and contacts in the civil and military spheres of the city. For the first time Averchenko’s way from Petrograd to the south in 1918 is reconstructed in details, the reasons of his departure from the capital are in many ways illuminated in a new way, littleknown data about his wife, opera singer E.F. Petrenko are introduced into scientific circulation. The reviews of the Averchenko´s Rostov concerts of humor are analyzed. Particular attention is paid to the civic self-determination of the writer, who for the first time found himself in the epicenter of the White Movement on the Don and supported it. Averchenko’s further social activities in Crimea are largely characterized as a logical continuation of the Rostov period, which together explains the reasons of his emigration.

In this article, we will learn about the role of music culture in the formation of a perfect person, the development of a harmonious personality and the impact of music on the psyche; we learn through new research by orientalists and musical works and translations by medieval orientalists. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of RumeliDE Journal of Language & Literature Research / RumeliDE Dil ve Edebiyat Araştırmaları Dergisi is the property of RumeliDE Uluslararasi Hakemli Dil & Edebiyat Arastirmalari Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Yearbook for Dutch Book History / Jaarboek voor Nederlandse Boekgeschiedenis is the property of Amsterdam University Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Purpose A breastfeeding program was developed by the author with the aim of supporting mothers returning to work after childbirth in continuing breastfeeding. The purpose of this study was to describe the development and evaluation of the pamphlets used in the breastfeeding program. Methods The primary objective of the pamphlet was to provide knowledge and information to help mothers who return to work within 1 year after giving birth continue breastfeeding. The secondary objective was to promote breastfeeding after returning to work. The main contents of the pamphlet included the effects of breastfeeding, the practice of balancing breastfeeding and work, how to express breastmilk, how to take medications while breastfeeding, weaning, and other information related to the continuation of breastfeeding. The main features of the pamphlet include its incorporation of the experiences and ingenuity of women who had continued breastfeeding after returning to work, and the depiction of their daily cycle after returning to work and how to continue breastfeeding. Participants were women in a program group (n=48) and a pamphlet group (n=46) among three groups of women included in a previous study who planned to return to work within 4-12 months after giving birth. In the pamphlet group, only the pamphlet was provided by mail. In the program group, the same text as in the pamphlet was used in the breastfeeding class. Comprehension, expectation agreement, utilization, and satisfaction were evaluated on a five-point scale. The two highest scores on the five-point scale were considered to indicate a "high" score, while the three lowest scores were considered to indicate a "low" score, and a chi-square analysis was performed to compare the rates of high and low scores between both groups. In the pamphlet group, the rates of high and low scores and the breastfeeding continuation rate at 3 months after returning to work were compared using the x test. The study took place from February 2017 to August 2018 and was conducted with the approval of the research ethics committee of the university to which the author belongs. Results The degree of comprehension of the pamphlets exceeded 90% in both groups. The degree of expectation agreement, utilization, and satisfaction were significantly lower in the pamphlet group than in the program group. Those who had high expectation agreement, utilization, and satisfaction in the pamphlet group had a high breastfeeding continuation rate at 3 months after returning to work. Conclusion The degree of comprehension of the pamphlet was high, demonstrating that it is a tool that can be used to provide knowledge and information. These results suggest that improving the pamphlet for mothers returning to work could contribute to the continuation of breastfeeding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This publication continues the theme “I.F. Nazhivin vs I.A. Bunin” which was brought up earlier in one of the issues of “Literaturnyi fact”. Ivan Fedorovich Nazhivin (1874– 1940), a writer and publicist well-known in the Russian émigré circles, a follower of Leo Tolstoy, knew Bunin personally and corresponded with him for many years. The publication introduces into scientific circulation Nazhivin’s article-pamphlet “The County Moncher” (1934), the autograph of which (an unauthorized typescript) is stored in I.A. Bunin’s collection in the Russian State Archive of Literature and Art. Presumably, it is this text that the author intended to publish in the émigré press. The introductory article gives a brief description of the autograph, and also argues the choice of a more completed version of the text for publication. The basic principles of editing and commenting the material for publication are outlined.

Abstract Background In clinical research, obtaining informed consent from participants is an ethical and legal requirement. Conveying the information concerning the study can be done using multiple methods yet this step commonly relies exclusively on the informed consent form alone. While this is legal, it does not ensure the participant’s true comprehension. New effective methods of conveying consent information should be tested. In this study we compared the effect of different methods on the knowledge of caregivers of participants of a clinical trial on Pemba Island, Tanzania. Methods A total of 254 caregivers were assigned to receive (i) a pamphlet (n = 63), (ii) an oral information session (n = 62) or (iii) a pamphlet and an oral information session (n = 64) about the clinical trial procedures, their rights, benefits and potential risks. Their post-intervention knowledge was assessed using a questionnaire. One group of caregivers had not received any information when they were interviewed (n = 65). Results In contrast to the pamphlet, attending an information session significantly increased caregivers’ knowledge for some of the questions. Most of these questions were either related to the parasite (hookworm) or to the trial design (study procedures). Conclusions In conclusion, within our trial on Pemba Island, a pamphlet was found to not be a good form of conveying clinical trial information while an oral information session improved knowledge. Not all caregivers attending an information session responded correctly to all questions; therefore, better forms of communicating information need to be found to achieve a truly informed consent.

The article offers a reconstruction of the text-based fight between Adolf Nowaczyński and Antoni Słonimski. It was not, as it is argued here, only a contest of styles and temperaments – though this exchange proved one of the most impressive, powerful, and dramatic polemics of that time in terms of articulation. However, it stemmed from a long history of tumultuous contacts which offered an amplified view of the problems of identity (Jewishness), politics, and community. A comprehensive view of the combat between Nowaczyński and Słonimski requires both an analysis of the rhetorics of the texts and an investigation into the context and dynamics of publication.

Objectives: To assess patient acceptance of resident involvement in otolaryngologic procedures and to evaluate the impact of a written preoperative educational pamphlet. Study Design: Prospective cohort study. Methods: This is a prospective survey study at a large tertiary care academic center. In addition to standard perioperative instructions and informed consent, 87 out of 183 patients received a pamphlet with information on the role of the otolaryngology resident. Results: Greater than 90% of all patients surveyed recognized that resident physicians are directly involved in delivering care at teaching hospitals and may have assisted in their surgical procedure. Ninety percent of patients receiving educational pamphlets were aware residents may have performed portions of their procedure versus 71% in the control group (P =.001). Ninety‐seven percent of patients receiving pamphlets wanted to know how much of their procedure was performed by a resident versus 71% of the control group (P <.001), and patients undergoing single‐surgeon procedures were less likely to want to know how much was performed by a resident (P <.05). Ninety‐six percent in the pamphlet group agreed that residents improved the quality of their care versus 79% of the control group (P =.001). Discussion: Resident surgeons are well received by the large majority of otolaryngology patients. Structured perioperative information regarding surgical training facilitates an honest and open informed consent discussion between the patient and surgeon and helps to establish a solid foundation of trust. Conclusion: Implementation of this practice is simple and inexpensive. It should be considered for any clinical practice with a focus on surgical education. Level of Evidence: 4 Laryngoscope, 131:2448–2454, 2021 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the end of 1808, Sándor Kisfaludy was commissioned by Joseph Beckers, the adjutant of Archduke Joseph to write a short pamphlet on a future noble levy, to draw attention of the Hungarian nobility to the asset of their “obsolete privileges”. Kisfaludy finished it as a long, rhetorically lush, and thematically complex pamphlet in the early 1809, and the work was blue pencilled by Beckers and the Palatine to erase socio-politically sensitive parts. The work was published anonymously in late March – early April in Hungarian, and in the translation of Lajos Schedius in German. The Patriotic Appeal to the Hungarian Nobility became one of the most important propaganda works of its time, which was written first and foremost to the educated wealthy landed gentry, the leading political class of the country. The printing was conducted by the ideas of Kisfaludy. The present study reconstructs the „life-cycle” of the pamphlet within the frames of history of books, emphasizing the convergence between book and intellectual history, based on the idea of Robert Darnton. To this, on the one hand it will be shown, how this work was produced and circulated as a material object, on the other hand, how it was received as a printed text by the contemporary literary public. To map the spread of the book, to analyse the traces of possessors and of various types of its usage and reading, this contribution tries to explore all the copies in existing and historic collections, as well as to examine the marginals and other notes in them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article presents the thesis that the novel The ape is coming to pick up its skull (1943) by Yuri Dombrovsky bears the genre features of a pamphlet and the structure of the novel, which is subordinated to a didactic purpose – the work contains a warning against the dehumanization and degradation of culture. The novel aims to ridicule the fascists and their ideology. The narrator’s attitude towards all the fascist protagonists is dominated by irony and sarcasm. The character construction of the fascists is ruled by schematism. The narrator emphasizes the animal element in them. They are compared to an ape who is a caricature hybrid of a human and a monkey. The “monkey” traits and behaviours are highlighted in their portraits. In the novel, the dialogues and disputes of the main opponents serve to expose the cynical demagogy of fascism and its inability to create any universal values.

This article presents the thesis that the novel The ape is coming to pick up its skull (1943) by Yuri Dombrovsky bears the genre features of a pamphlet and the structure of the novel, which is subordinated to a didactic purpose - the work contains a warning against the dehumanization and degradation of culture. The novel aims to ridicule the fascists and their ideology. The narrator's attitude towards all the fascist protagonists is dominated by irony and sarcasm. The character construction of the fascists is ruled by schematism. The narrator emphasizes the animal element in them. They are compared to an ape who is a caricature hybrid of a human and a monkey. The "monkey" traits and behaviours are highlighted in their portraits. In the novel, the dialogues and disputes of the main opponents serve to expose the cynical demagogy of fascism and its inability to create any universal values. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are common in family members of patients who have died in the ICU.Research Question: Could a pamphlet describing the role of relatives in the end-of-life decision decrease their risk of developing PTSD-related symptoms?Study Design and Methods: In this assessor-blinded, randomized controlled trial, 90 relatives of adult patients for whom an end-of-life decision was anticipated were enrolled. Relatives were randomly assigned to receive oral information as well as an information pamphlet explaining that the end-of-life decision is made by physicians (Group 1; n = 45) or oral information alone (Group 2; n = 45). PTSD-related symptoms were blindly assessed at 90 days following the patient's death by using the Impact of Event Scale (scores range from 0 [indicating no symptoms] to 75 [indicating severe symptoms]). Anxiety and depression symptoms were assessed by using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale score (range, 0-21 [higher scores indicate worse symptoms]).Results: On day 90, the number of relatives with PTSD-related symptoms was significantly lower in Group 1 than in Group 2: 18 of 45 vs 33 of 45 (P = .001). The risk ratio of having PTSD-related symptoms in Group 2 compared with Group 1 was 1.8 (95% CI, 1.2-2.7). The mean Impact of Event Scale and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale scores were significantly reduced in Group 1 compared with Group 2: 28 ± 10 vs 38 ± 14 (P < .001) and 13 ± 5 vs 17 ± 8 (P = .023), respectively.Interpretation: An information pamphlet describing the relatives' role during end-of-life decisions significantly reduced their risk of developing PTSD-related symptoms.Clinical Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov; No.: NCT02329418; URL: www.clinicaltrials.gov). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article represents the fi rst ever attempt to examine the series of pamphlets on Pierce Penniless, the poor London intellectual, written by T. Nashe, T. Middleton, Anonymous and T. Dekker in 1592–1606, as a unifi ed collection. The three sequels, written more than a decade later than Nashe’s original pamphlet, off er various solutions to Pierce’s problem except the change in attitude to scholars he had been yearning for. The protagonist’s supplication to the devil brings it close to Marlowe’s Tragical history of Doctor Faustus, composed only a little earlier, and highlights the uncommon elements in both narratives. Both Faustus and Pierce begin with melancholic introspection, although their later choices are diff erent in that Faustus renounces the learning he had been involved in, whereas Pierce’s appeal to the devil is a gesture intended to restore the order that he thinks had been undermined by the ‘cormorants’. Both Marlowe’s dramatic and Nashe’s prosaic narratives can be seen in the light of contemporary debate on “mongrel tragicomedy” (as defi ned by Philip Sidney). Rather than “mingling kings and clowns”, playwrights and pamphletists examine the tragic aspects of satire and comic aspects of intellectual plea by focusing on an intellectual protagonist. The pamphlet, traditionally seen as a moralistic genre only, appears as a complex text with an important focus on theatricality and the theatre as a metaphor of life and the stage of justice. The appearance of the devil on stage as a “Prologue in its own play” in Middleton’s Black Booke, the journey of the Knight of the post to hell in Dekker’s pamphlets and the point-by-point response to Pierce set against the panicridden city in the anonymous sequel are shown to be informed by theatre and imbued with theatricality.

Without denying the importance of the emancipatory, radically democratic impulses of what is called '68, the present contribution aims at another – I would claim even more fundamental – dimension of the political as discussed around 1968. Under the sign of '67 (used as a cypher for this alternative configuration), more than the content of statements was questioned, and more than their form, namely the very mechanisms in which something can be asserted. Rather than just saying something new, '67 was developing languages in which something new could first be said at all – or at least examining why, in the existing languages, it was not possible to simply say anything new. This essay begins with an overview of the various forms of attempts at "sounding out the basic structure of language" undertaken in 1967, and detectable in texts as different as Jacques Derrida's De la grammatologie and Peter Handke's Kaspar. In a second step, it turns to the specific genre of the tract or pamphlet, as practiced in Berlin in 1967, and theoretically debated during the Parisian May by theorists such as Maurice Blanchot and Michel de Certeau. In sum, the essay takes these fundamental interrogations of linguistic structures and textual practices as a crucial momentum in the development of an alternative concept of the political. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]