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Health Track; validation; blood pressure; heart rate; International Protocol, Background: Hypertension is a global public health issue and is closely related to chronic kidney disorder (CKD). In people with CKD, strict monitoring of blood pressure is an important part of therapy. Objective: The aim of this research was to validate the iHealth Track blood pressure monitoring device for patients with CKD according to the European Society of Hypertension International Protocol 2010 (ESH-IP2). Methods: In total, 33 patients who received hemodialysis in Plasencia participated in the study. There were 9 successive measurements made, which conformed to the ESH-IP2. We calculated the differences between the standard reference device (Omron M3 Intellisense) and the test device (iHealth Track) for blood pressure and heart rate values. For 99 total comparisons of paired measurements, we classified differences into various categories (≤5 mmHg, ≤10 mmHg, and ≤15 mmHg for blood pressure; ≤3, ≤5, and ≤8 beats per minute for heart rate). Results: In 90 of 99 systolic blood pressure and 89 of 99 diastolic blood pressure comparisons between the devices, measurement differences were within 5 mmHg. In 81 of 99 heart rate comparisons between the devices, measurement differences were within 3 beats per minute. The mean differences between the test and reference standard measurements were 3.27 (SD 2.99) mmHg for systolic blood pressure, 3.59 (SD 4.55) mmHg for diastolic blood pressure, and 2.18 (SD 2.75) beats per minute for heart rate. We also observed that for both systolic and diastolic blood pressure, 31 of 33 participants had at least two of three comparisons between the devices with measurement differences less than 5 mmHg. For heart rate, 28 of 33 patients had at least two of three comparisons between the devices with measurement differences less than 3 beats per minute. Conclusions: To our knowledge, this is the first study to show that iHealth Track meets the requirements of the ESH-IP2 in patients with CKD. Therefore, the iHealth Track is suitable for use, Depto. de Enfermería, Fac. de Enfermería, Fisioterapia y Podología, TRUE, pub

Objective: to explore attitudes towards patients' self-reported data about foot health-related beliefs from a behavioural and attitudinal perspective. Methods: a sample of 282 participants of a mean age of 39.46 ± 16.026 came to a health centre where self-reported demographic, clinical characteristics and beliefs relating to foot health data were registered, informants' completed all the stages of the research process. Results: the results of the analysis revealed an 8-factor factorial structure based on (1) podiatric behaviours, (2) the intention to carry out protective behaviour, (3) attitudinal beliefs, (4) normative beliefs, (5) needs, (6) apathy, (7) self-care, and (8) the general perception of foot health. They all explained 62.78% of the variance, and were considered as independent variables in a regression analysis to determine which provided the best explanations for the importance attributed to foot health. Conclusions: the participants in the study revealed a positive attitude in relation to foot health care and responsible behaviour., Depto. de Enfermería, Fac. de Enfermería, Fisioterapia y Podología, TRUE, pub

The Edmonton Frail Scale (EFS) is an index employed to measure alterations related to frailty. The main objective in this research was to develop the EFS short-form (EFS-SF) and to evaluate its validity, reliability, and sensitivity to predict frailty disability outcomes in elderly patients with foot disabilities. Results: Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) of the EFS-SF revealed the presence of three components, as in the original EFA. There were significant differences (p < 0.05) in the study population for several of the EFS and 5-item FRAIL scale indicators. The highest correlation (Pearson R = 0.871; p < 0.001) was found for the first component of the EFS-SF. Finally, the Cronbach alpha was 0.864 which indicated a high level of internal consistency. Conclusion: The EFS-SF is a reliable and valid instrument to measure frailty in patients with and without foot disabilities. Method: A cross sectional descriptive study was carried out. The study population was aged over 60 years (n = 66) and comprised 29 men and 37 women. Frailty disorders were registered by using the EFS, 5-item FRAIL scale, and the Geriatricians’ Clinical Impression of Frailty (GCIF) scale. EFA was employed to locate potential constituents of the EFS, with scores ranging from 0.596 to 0.946 for each of the sub scales: (1) cognitive and general health status; (2) medication and nutrition status; and (3) functional and physiological status, thus revealing that the EFS-SF comprised three components, a reduction compared to the nine in the original EFS., Generalitat Valenciana, grant number GV/2020/061, Depto. de Enfermería, Fac. de Enfermería, Fisioterapia y Podología, TRUE, pub

Una búsqueda en la literatura reveló que la principal complicación cuando se realiza la Osteotomía de Evans es la subluxación de la articulación calcaneocuboidea debido al daño a los ligamentos calcaneocuboideos. Además, no hay consenso en el punto de partida de la osteotomía. Se realizó un estudio en cadáver para determinar la longitud del origen delos ligamentos calcaneocuboideos y establecer así la distancia en la que no se dañan los ligamentos en espécimen anatómico. HIPÓTESIS Conforme a las referencias establecidas en la bibliografía nos planteamos la siguiente hipótesis nula:- Realizando la osteotomía de Evans a 15 mm de la articulación calcaneocuboidea, no se dañan los ligamentos calcaneocuboideos en ningún espécimen anatómico..., A search of the literature revealed that the main complication when performing the Evans Osteotomy is subluxation of the calcaneocuboid joint due to damage to calcaneocuboid ligaments. Furthermore, there is no consensus on the starting point of the osteotomy. A cadaver study was performed to determine the length of the origin of the calcaneocuboid ligaments and thus establish the safest distance to perform the Evans Osteotomy. HYPHOTESIS According to the references established in the bibliography, we consider the following null hypothesis:- Performing the Evans osteotomy 15 mm from the calcaneocuboid joint, the calcaneocuboid ligaments are not damaged in any anatomical specimen...

[Abstract] Background: Hemophilia is an inherited recessive hemorrhagic disorder of the X-linked type, suffered by the male sex. Adults with hemophilia are coping with numerous diagnostics, associated comorbidities, pain, and difficult gait by arthropathy in ankles and feet. Physical pains contribute to depression in patients with hemophilia. Purpose: The study aimed to assess the impact of depression in adult patient with hemophilia and to compare it with healthy matched-paired controls. Methods: The sample consisted of 100 participants (median age 42.50 ± 30). Patients with hemophilia were recruited from Spanish Hemophiliac Associations (n = 50) and healthy subjects (n = 50) from a Clinic Podiatry Practices (University of Malaga, Spain). Results: Results and categories of the Spanish-translated version of the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) were gathered. A clear statistically significant difference (p < 0.001) was presented in the variation of the BDI scores between both groups. Patients with hemophilia presented worse results with a BDI = 7.50 ± 11.25 points compared to healthy subjects with BDI = 2.50 ± 5 points. In the BDI categories, statistically significant differences (p = 0.004) were found in greater BDI categories in the Hemophilia group compared with healthy subjects. Moderate and severe depression categories were only shown in patients with hemophilia. Conclusions: Greater depression scores and range status were observed in patients with hemophilia compared to non-patients with hemophilia. Patients with hemophilia are at increased risk of depressiveness.

[Resumen] Background Intensive care units (ICUs) may produce stress on the relatives of patients that have long-term physiological and psychological implications. Objectives This study aimed to evaluate the effects of the relatives´ visit prior to hospital admission(s) on the patient's scheduled cardiac surgery regarding depression, anxiety, and satisfaction of the patient's family in an ICU. Methods A randomized clinical trial [NCT03605420] was carried out according to the CONSORT criteria. Thirty-eight relatives of ICU patients were recruited at an ICU and randomized into study groups. Experimental group participants (n = 19) consisted of relatives who received 1 ICU visit prior to the patient's admission. Control group participants (n = 19) consisted of patients' relatives who received standard care alone. A self-report test battery, including the Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R) and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), was completed by the patient's relative prior to the patient's ICU admission and again three and 90 days after ICU discharge. Furthermore, the Family Satisfaction with Care in the Intensive Care Unit (FS-ICU) and Critical Care Family Needs Inventory (CCFNI) were administered to help determine the respondents' satisfaction three days after the patient's ICU discharge. Results Statistically significant differences in FS-ICU results were found between control and experimental groups; no statistically significant differences were found in IES-R, HADS, and CCFNI results. Thus, members in the control group were more satisfied with the time elapsed to raise their concerns (p=0.005), emotional support provided (p=0.020), quality of care (p=0.035), opportunities to express concerns and ask questions (p=0.005), and general satisfaction with the ICU's decision-making (p=0.003). Conclusions Relatives' satisfaction during patients' ICU admission may be impaired after their prior visit to the hospital admission. Relative's anxiety and depressi

[Abstract] Cancer is a condition that can increase the risk of frailty. In addition, palliative oncological patients in home hospitalization can find their activities of daily living affected. The main objective was to measure the degree of frailty in the oncological population in home hospitalization comparing Barthel and Frail-VIG Indexes. This is a descriptive cross-sectional study. A sample of oncological patients in home hospitalization (n = 50) that included 27 men and 23 women were recruited, and disability due to frailty was measured using the VIG frailty index and the Barthel scale for Activities of Daily Living (ADLs). Spearman’s correlation coefficients were categorized as weak (rs ≤ 0.40), moderate (0.41 ≤ rs ≥ 0.69) or robust (0.70 ≤ rs ≥ 1.00), with a strong indirect correlation between the domains using the toilet, transferring and wandering on the Frail-VIG scale with an r (s) value −0.810 (p < 0.001), −0.831 (p < 0.001) and −0.805 (p < 0.001), respectively, and a moderate indirect correlation for the domains of eating −0.718 (p < 0.001), dressing −0.770 (p < 0.001) and urination −0.704 (<0.001). The Frail-VIG index above 0.35 points, that is, from moderate to severe, does not affect ADLs except in the nutritional dimension in a palliative oncological population in home hospitalization. The preliminary outcomes obtained should be considered to determine the impact of nutritional status with regard to ADLs in palliative oncological patients in a home hospitalization unit

[Abstract] Background Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder, characterised by the presence of motor disturbances. Therefore, it can be related to musculoskeletal and orthopaedic problems, particularly in the foot status, that are linked to a negative effect on overall health, mobility and social function. Objective The aim was to analyse the impact of foot health and quality of life in patients with Parkinson's disease and people without Parkinson's disease, with normalised reference scores, in the light of the values recorded with regard to foot health status and overall health. Material and methods This is a prospective case-control investigation. A sample of Parkinson's patients (n = 62) including 24 men and 38 women was recruited, and foot HQoL was measured using the Foot Health Status Questionnaire Spanish (Sp_FHSQ). Results The PD group recorded lower levels of foot health quality of life (HQoL) with lower scores on the Sp_FHSQ in general foot health, general health, physical activity, social capacity and vigour sub-scales. Regarding the rest of the sub-scales of the Sp_FHSQ, foot pain showed higher values in the PD group. Differences between the cases and control groups were analysed by means of a Mann–Whitney U test, showing statistical significance (P < 0.05). Conclusions PD presents an increased negative impact on foot health and quality of life which appears to be related to the chronic neurodegenerative disease.

Una búsqueda en la literatura reveló que la principal complicación cuando se realiza la Osteotomía de Evans es la subluxación de la articulación calcaneocuboidea debido al daño a los ligamentos calcaneocuboideos. Además, no hay consenso en el punto de partida de la osteotomía. Se realizó un estudio en cadáver para determinar la longitud del origen delos ligamentos calcaneocuboideos y establecer así la distancia en la que no se dañan los ligamentos en espécimen anatómico. HIPÓTESIS Conforme a las referencias establecidas en la bibliografía nos planteamos la siguiente hipótesis nula:- Realizando la osteotomía de Evans a 15 mm de la articulación calcaneocuboidea, no se dañan los ligamentos calcaneocuboideos en ningún espécimen anatómico...

Vasovagal reactions may occur occasionally during electrical stimulation using interfer ential current (IFC). The purpose of this study was to examine variations in autonomic activity during the application of IFC in asymptomatic participants by analysis of their heart rate variability (HRV). Seventy-three male volunteers were randomly assigned to a placebo group (n = 36; HRV was documented for 10 min, both at rest and during a placebo intervention) and an intervention group (n = 37; HRV was documented for 10 min in two conditions labelled as (1) rest and (2) application of IFC technique on the lumbar segment). The diameters of the Poincaré plot (SD1, SD2), stress score (SS), and the ratio between sympathetic and parasympathetic activity (S/PS) were measured. After interventions, differences amongst the placebo group and the IFC group were found in SD2 (p < 0.001), SS (p = 0.01) and S/PS ratio (p = 0.003). The IFC technique was associated with increased parasympathetic modulation, which could induce a vasovagal reaction. Monitorization of adverse reactions should be implemented during the application of IFC technique. HRV indicators might have a part in prevention of vasovagal reactions. Further studies in patients with lumbar pain are needed to explore possible differences in HRV responses due to the presence of chronic pain.

Reduced plantar foot sensation, postural instability, and gait difficulties are characteristic of Parkinson´s disease patients. A systematic review was carried out to determine the effect of the different types of insoles and shoes in these patients. Several databases were used to search for relevant articles reporting Parkinson´s disease patients undergoing treatment with any type of insole and footwear. All titles and abstracts were reviewed independently by two reviewers and the available data were extracted. The study eligibility criteria were any type of experimental study that included Parkinson’s disease patients treated with any type of insole or footwear. Eight studies were selected. Interventions used were textured insoles, footwear modifications, and habitual footwear. Three different outcomes were evaluated in each study: gait parameters, balance, and plantar sensation. According to the data available from this systematic review, the most important conclusion is that more controlled studies are needed in this research field. There are indications to suggest that textured insoles have positive effects on gait parameters, balance, and plantar sensation in Parkinson’s disease patients.

[Abstract] Parkinson’s disease is a common neurodegenerative disease and it is known to cause motor disturbances associated with musculoskeletal problems of the locomotor apparatus, and non-motor symptoms, that are believed to have a harmful effect on health, social functioning and mobility. The aim of this study was to evaluate depression in patients with Parkinson’s Disease (PD) compared to subjects who do not have it. The sample consisted of 124 participants (mean age 69.18 ± 9.12). Patients with PD were recruited from a center of excellence for Parkinson’s disease (cases n = 62) and healthy subjects without PD from their relatives and caregivers (control n = 62). The Spanish version of Beck’s Depression Inventory (BDI) scores and categories were collected. A clear statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) was evident in the BDI scores between both groups. Parkinson’s patients presented worse results on the BDI = 15.48 ± 7.24 points compared to healthy subjects with BDI = 7.03 ± 6.99 points. Regarding BDI categories, there were statistically significant differences (p < 0.001) for the greater BDI categories in the Parkinson’s group compared with healthy subjects. The depression represents an important potential risk for increased symptoms and negative impact among patients with PD compared with healthy subjects.

[Abstract] Reduced plantar foot sensation, postural instability, and gait difficulties are characteristic of Parkinson´s disease patients. A systematic review was carried out to determine the effect of the different types of insoles and shoes in these patients. Several databases were used to search for relevant articles reporting Parkinson´s disease patients undergoing treatment with any type of insole and footwear. All titles and abstracts were reviewed independently by two reviewers and the available data were extracted. The study eligibility criteria were any type of experimental study that included Parkinson’s disease patients treated with any type of insole or footwear. Eight studies were selected. Interventions used were textured insoles, footwear modifications, and habitual footwear. Three different outcomes were evaluated in each study: gait parameters, balance, and plantar sensation. According to the data available from this systematic review, the most important conclusion is that more controlled studies are needed in this research field. There are indications to suggest that textured insoles have positive effects on gait parameters, balance, and plantar sensation in Parkinson’s disease patients.

[Abstract] BACKGROUND: Frailty is a condition that can increase the risk of falls. In addition, foot disorders can negatively influence elderly people, thus affecting their condition of frailty. OBJECTIVE: To determine whether foot pain can influence a greater degree of frailty. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional descriptive study conducted at the University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain. METHODS: A sample older than 60 years (n = 52), including 26 healthy subjects and 26 foot pain patients, was recruited. Frailty disability was measured using the 5-Frailty scale and the Edmonton Frailty scale (EFS). RESULTS: There were statistically significant differences in the total EFS score and in most of its subscales, according to the Mann-Whitney U test (P < 0.05). In addition, foot pain patients presented worse scores (higher 5-Frailty scores) than did healthy patients, regarding matched-paired subjects (lower EFS scores). With regard to the rest of the measurements, there were no statistically significant differences (P > 0.05). The highest scores (P < 0.001) were for fatigue on the 5-Frailty scale and the EFS, and for the subscale of independence function in EFS. CONCLUSIONS: These elderly patients presented impairment relating to ambulation and total 5-Frailty score, which seemed to be linked to the presence of frailty syndrome and foot disorders.

[Abstract] Tailor’s bunion (TB) disease should be considered one of the foot injuries that causes disability in feet as well as general health. This case–control descriptive study investigated and contrasted the effects of different TB types in a sociodemographic population using the Foot Health Status Questionnaire (FHSQ). A sample of 100 subjects with a mean age of 51.70 ± 17.78 years was recruited and requested to reply to a foot health survey. Results were self-reported. Subjects were scored. Participants with TB type III (TB3) registered lower scores for foot pain, foot function, footwear, and foot health. Physical activity and social capacity had higher scores, and vigor and general health were lower. A Kruskal–Wallis test was used for systematic differences between the FHSQ and different TB types. In all analyses, statistical significance was considered a p-value <0.05 with a 95% confidence interval. Statistically significant differences were found between all domains of the FHSQ and TB, except for the social capacity domain and vigor. The FHSQ is an important measurement tool in TB subjects, showing that factors such as sex, age, and footwear used throughout an individual’s life are significantly associated with the development of TB3 and its influence on foot pain and foot health.

[Abstract] Background: Kinesiophobia can be an obstacle to physical and motor activity in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD). PD affects patients’ independence in carrying out daily activities. It also impacts a patient’s biopsychosocial well-being. The objective of this study was to analyze the levels and scores of kinesiophobia in PD patients and compare them with healthy volunteers. Methods: We deployed a case-control study and recruited 124 subjects (mean age 69.18 ± 9.12). PD patients were recruited from a center of excellence for Parkinson’s disease (cases n = 62). Control subjects were recruited from the same hospital (control n = 62). Kinesiophobia total scores and categories were self-reported using the Spanish version of the Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia (TSK-11). Results: Differences between cases and control groups were analyzed using the Mann–Whitney U test. Statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) were shown between groups when comparing kinesiophobia categories (or levels) and total scores, revealing higher kinesiophobia symptoms and levels in PD patients. All of the PD patients reported some degree of kinesiophobia (TSK-11 ≥ 18), while the majority of PD patients (77.3%) had kinesiophobia scores rated as moderate to severe (TSK-11 ≥ 25). On the other hand, ~45.1% of controls reported no or slight kinesiophobia and 53.2% reported moderate kinesiophobia. Conclusions: Total kinesiophobia scores were significantly higher in PD patients compared with healthy controls, with moderate to severe kinesiophobia levels prevailing in PD patients. Therefore, individuals living with PD should be evaluated and controlled in order to detect initial kinesiophobia symptoms.