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This study investigates the incorporation of boron carbide (B4C) filler particulates into a kenaf fiber-reinforced epoxy matrix to explore its potential in lightweight applications, focusing on antimicrobial effectiveness, mechanical integrity, thermal properties, and microstructural characteristics. The composite material was formulated by blending varying seven different concentrations of boron carbide (0–50 g) and kenaf fibers (KFs) with an epoxy resin, aiming to achieve a balance between mechanical strength and minimal weight. Antimicrobial test revealed that the composite material, consisting of kenaf fiber reinforced with B4C particulates, exhibited significant antibacterial activity against common pathogens. Mechanical testing indicated that the addition of boron carbide and kenaf fibers significantly improved the tensile strength and flexural rigidity of the composites. Specifically, enhancements in tensile strength and flexural modulus were quantitatively analyzed, showing notable increases compared to the base epoxy resin. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) was employed to examine the fracture surfaces following mechanical testing, revealing improved interfacial bonding between the kenaf fibers and the epoxy matrix due to the presence of boron carbide. This microscopic analysis also highlighted areas where stress distribution was optimized, contributing to the composite's enhanced mechanical properties.

The main novelty of this research lies in combining natural fibers and mineral fillers to create a sustainable material with enhanced antimicrobial and structural properties, offering promising applications in various industries requiring eco-friendly and high-performance materials. This study investigates the fabrication and analysis of a green composite made from Cannabis sativa fiber reinforced (CSFR) with granite filler in an epoxy matrix, focusing on antimicrobial properties and structural integrity. Various amounts of granite powder (0, 3, 6, 9, 12, and 15 g) were incorporated into the epoxy matrix. The composite exhibited significant antibacterial activity was observed against E. coli. Mechanical testing revealed that the composite with 12 g of granite powder showed the best performance, with tensile strength improving by 11.4%, flexural strength by 12.3%, impact strength by 29% and hardness is improved by 17.5%. SEM analysis highlighted well-dispersed particulates and strong fiber-matrix bonding at optimal filler levels. TGA showed enhanced thermal stability, with the decomposition onset shifting from 240 °C to 280 °C and weight retention improving 90% at 350 °C. This study underscores the potential of Cannabis sativa fiber reinforced granite filler epoxy matrix composites as sustainable materials with excellent antimicrobial and structural properties for advanced applications.

In the pursuit of sustainable and environmentally friendly engineering materials, this study investigates the potential of Ipomoea carnea fibers (ICF) as a reinforcement agent in bran particulates epoxy matrix used to fabricate the composite laminates by a traditional process with varying filler weight fraction. The composite material’s characteristics were comprehensively analyzed using various techniques, including X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Mechanical Testing, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA). The results of this study reveal the promising potential of Ipomoea carnea fibers reinforced bran particulates epoxy composite as a novel engineering material. The analysis indicates improved mechanical properties such as tensile, flexural, and impact strength, enhanced thermal stability, and desirable morphological characteristics. Subsequently, the structural and chemical properties of the Ipomoea carnea fiber composite were explored using XRD and FTIR, shedding light on the crystalline nature (CI = 68.29%) and chemical bonding within the material. Bacterial inhibition was identified from the antibacterial activity; this viable material is for applications in various engineering sectors, including construction, automotive, and aerospace industries.

Alternative to synthetic dyes containing harmful compounds, dyes derived from natural sources are gaining popularity due to their safer and eco-friendly nature. This study focuses on extracting red dye from Basella alba fruit and optimising the extraction methods, including ultrasonic bath, ultrasonic probe, and direct heating. The extracted dye was then used for dyeing cotton, silk, and leather without needing a mordant. Furthermore, the antibacterial properties of the extracted red dye were evaluated against skin bacteria. The UV–Visible spectrophotometric analysis revealed that the maximum red colour in the methanol extract (λmax 270 and λmax 542 nm) was achieved at 60 °C for 30 min using the ultrasonic water bath extraction method, followed by the ultrasonic probe and direct heating methods. The FTIR spectra confirmed the presence of flavonoids, betacyanin, and gomphrenin-I in the extracted dye. The ultrasonic dyeing process at 50 °C yielded a K/s value 6.3 for the dyed cotton, silk, and leather without using a mordant. Additionally, the fatness test indicated a high grade of 0.5–1.5 for the ultrasonic dyeing method compared to other dyeing techniques. The extracted dye exhibited significant antibacterial activity against all Pseudomonas sp. after extraction in methanol, with the highest inhibition observed against Pseudomonas sp. with a MIC of 1.56 mg/ml.

In recent years, researchers have increasingly focused on the development of multiphase trimetallic nanocomposites (TMNC) incorporating ternary metals or metal oxides, which hold significant potential as alternatives for combatting biofilms and bacterial infections. Enhanced oral health is ensured by the innovative techniques used to effectively prevent bacterial adherence and formation of biofilm on dental sutures. In this investigation, TMNC, which consists of Pb, Ag, and Cu, was synthesized using an autoclave-assisted sonochemical technique. Following synthesis, TMNC were characterized using FTIR, XRD, BET, XPS, TGA, and Raman spectroscopy to analyze their shape and microstructure. Subsequent evaluations, including MTT assay, antibacterial activity testing, and biofilm formation analysis, were conducted to assess the efficiency of the synthesized TMNC. Cytotoxicity and anti-human oral squamous cell carcinoma activities of TMNC were evaluated using the Human Oral Cancer cell line (KB) cell line through MTT assay, demonstrating a dose-dependent increase in anti-human oral squamous cell carcinoma activity against the KB cell line compared to the normal cell line, resulting in notably high cell viability. Furthermore, an ultrasonic probe was employed to incorporate TMNC onto dental suturing threads, with different concentrations of TMNC, ultrasonic power levels, and durations considered to determine optimal embedding conditions that result in the highest antibacterial activity. The inhibitory effects of TMNC, both in well diffusion assays and when incorporated into dental suturing threads, against gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) and gram-negative (Escherichia coli) bacteria on Mueller-Hinton agar (MHA) were assessed using various concentrations of TMNC. The results of the study indicated that the efficacy of TMNC in inhibiting bacterial growth on dental suturing threads remained impressive, even at low concentrations. Moreover, an evaluation of their potential to destabilize biofilms formed by S. aureus and E. coli, the two pathogens in humans, indicated that TMNC would be a promising anti-biofilm agent.

Natural fibers derived from renewable, environmentally sustainable sources are being considered for use as reinforcements in polymer composites. The current study focuses on the fabrication of composite materials using fiber extracted from the Cissus quadrangularis (CQ) natural plant as reinforcement, an epoxy polymer as a matrix, and calcium oxide (CaO) nanoparticles as filler material, with the weight ratio of Cissus quadrangularis fiber (CQF) and CaO filler materials are varied to quantify the biological and structural effects of CQF composite. X-ray diffraction (XRD) results demonstrate a 58% amorphous zone in this composite, while Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) examination revealed the hydrophobic nature, chemical bonding, and cellulose content. Because of the increased amount of chopped CQF loading in this composite, the mechanical qualities result in an average of 23% better tensile strength. Scanning electron microscopic (SEM) analysis was used to analyze the failure analysis for fiber interaction with matrix, filler, and fiber pullouts under mechanical stress. The antibacterial research revealed that this CQF composite exhibits bacterial inhibitory activity suitable for biomedical applications.

Environmental consciousness motivates scientists to devise an alternative method for producing natural fiber composite materials in order to decrease the demand for synthetic fibers. This study explores the potential of a novel composite material derived from madar fiber-reinforced epoxy with porcelain filler particulates, designed specifically for biomedical instrumentation applications. The primary focus is to assess the material's structural, mechanical, and antibacterial properties. X-ray Diffraction analysis was employed to discern the crystalline nature of the composite, revealing enhanced crystallinity due to the inclusion of porcelain particulates. Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy confirmed the chemical interactions and bonding mechanisms between madar fiber, epoxy matrix, and porcelain filler. Mechanically, the composite exhibited superior properties when addition of porcelain fillers, maximum results obtain in tensile strength of 51.28 MPa, flexural strength of 54.21 MPa, and impact strength of 0.0155 kJ/m2, making it ideal for robust biomedical applications. Scanning Electron Microscopy provided detailed insights into the morphology and distribution of the reinforcing agents within the epoxy matrix, emphasizing the fibrillated structure of madar fiber and the uniform dispersion of porcelain particulates. Importantly, antibacterial assays demonstrated the composite's potential resistance against common pathogenic bacteria, which is crucial for biomedical instrumentation. Collectively, this research underscores the promising attributes of the madar fiber reinforced epoxy composite with porcelain particulates, suggesting its suitability for advanced biomedical applications.

ZnO and ZnO-Y2O3 nanocomposites (NCs) were investigated for their photocatalytic degradation of Methylene blue (MB) dye. X-ray diffraction study demonstrates that the hexagonal structure of ZnO has crystallite size compared to ZnO-Y2O3 NCs and confirms the cubic configuration of Y2O3. Scanning electron microscopy shows that the ZnO nanoparticles are spherical and ZnO-Y2O3 NCs have smaller particles with less agglomeration. The decreased recombining of excited e−/h+ of ZnO-Y2O3 NCs is confirmed over fluorescence study. ZnO-Y2O3 exhibits a more significant degradation efficiency (96%) than ZnO nanoparticles (86%) in 120 min. ZnO-Y2O3 NCs have antibacterial as well as antioxidant activity.

Using natural dyes in dyeing industries becomes an alternative to synthetic dyes, which are known to contain harmful chemicals that can pose risks to the environment and human health. This study involves the extraction of yellow dye from Cassia alata flower petals, optimization of the extraction process using an ultrasonic bath (40 KHz and an input power of 500), ultrasonic probe (390 W, 455 W, 520 W, 585 W, and 650 W), and conventional heating (heating mantle with 30 °C, 40 °C, 50 °C, 60 °C, and 70 °C), characterization of the dye, as well as dyeing (cotton, silk, and leather) without using a mordant. The extracted yellow dye was further evaluated to determine its antibacterial activity against skin bacteria. Dye extraction optimization using UV–Visible spectrophotometric analysis revealed that the maximum yellow color in methanol extract (287 and 479 nm) was obtained at 50 °C for 45 min using ultrasonic water bath extraction, followed by the ultrasonic probe and direct heating. Based on the FTIR spectra, it is evident that OH is present at approximately 3300 cm−1, while CH stretches at around 2900 cm−1. A characteristic peak at 1608 cm−1 bears a striking similarity to anthraquinonoid-based compounds. Also, using the ultrasonic water bath dyeing technique at 50 °C for 45 min, the yellow color of cotton, silk, and leather was dyed optimally. Due to effective color removal after two washings with boiling soap liquid, the dyed cotton and silk fabric displayed good washing and rubbing fastness. Regarding antibacterial activity, the dye was highly active against all pathogens after extraction in methanol. The maximum inhibition was observed against Pseudomonas sp. with a MIC value of 1.56 mg/ml.

COVID-19 caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus is widespread in all regions, and it disturbs host immune system functioning leading to extreme inflammatory reaction and hyperactivation of the immune response. Kabasura Kudineer (KSK) is preventive medicine against viral infections and a potent immune booster for inflammation-related diseases. We hypothesize that KSK and KSK similar plant compounds, might prevent or control the COVID-19 infection in the human body. 1,207 KSK and KSK similar compounds were listed and screened via the Swiss ADME tool and PAINS Remover; 303 compounds were filtered including active and similar drug compounds. The targets were retrieved from similar drugs of the active compounds of KSK. Finally, 573 genes were listed after several screening steps. Next, network analysis was performed to finalize the potential target gene: construction of protein-protein interaction of 573 genes using STRING, identifying top hub genes in Cytoscape plug-ins (MCODE and cytoHubba). These ten hub genes play a crucial role in the inflammatory response. Target-miRNA interaction was also constructed using the miRNet tool to interpret miRNAs of the target genes and their functions. Functional annotation was done via DAVID to gain a complete insight into the mechanism of the enriched pathways and other diseases related to the given target genes. In Molecular Docking analysis, IL10 attained top rank in Target-miRNA interaction and also the gene formed prominent exchanges with an excellent binding score (> = -8.0) against 19 compounds. Among them, Guggulsterone has an acute affinity score of -8.8 for IL10 and exhibits anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties. Molecular Dynamics simulation study also performed for IL10 and the interacting ligand compounds using GROMACS. Finally, Guggulsterone will be recommended to enhance immunity against several inflammatory diseases, including COVID19.

Background: Low- and middle- income countries account for three-fourths of the global non- communicable disease related mortality. In response to the increasing number of non- communicable disease diagnoses in Kenya, the government released a national strategy for non- communicable disease in 2015. The purpose of this study was to assess facility-based care of diabetes, hypertension, and heart failure across western Kenya. Methods: A 71-question cross-sectional survey was administered among facilitybased healthcare workers in Siaya County, western Kenya, between October 2015 and January 2016. All Level 4 and 5 facilities, as well as a cohort of lower-level facilities were surveyed. Results: Of the 21 health facilities surveyed, six (31.6%) had specific noncommunicable disease clinics. Eleven of the 21 (52.4%) facilities had glucometers, and providers indicated that even these glucometers were often not functional. Three of the 21 facilities (14.3%) had a diabetic registry, one a functioning electrocardiogram machine, and one other a congestive heart failure registry. Conclusions: Facilities at every level were lacking equipment and medications expected by the Kenya's Essential Package of Health Services. Improvement for follow up and referral services could be achieved through the development of comprehensive non-communicable disease registries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a highly recurrent form of cancer arising from the oral epithelium, which is the result of mutational change due to etiological factors such as tobacco, smoking, chewing of areca nuts, and alcohol consumption. OSCC occurrence has been observed to be prevalent in different regions of Pacific countries and in most Asian countries. Despite the accessibility of the oral cavity, OSCC is diagnosed at an extremely late stage of pathogenic tumor node metastasis pTNM (III–IV), resulting in a poor prognosis for the individual. Therefore, it is important to make definitive, early, and efficient diagnoses. Owing to the development of omic-natured studies, the presence of proteins, transcribed elements, metabolic products, and even microflora detected in saliva helps us to select biomarkers, which is an especially exciting potential because of the availability and the non-invasive nature of sample collection. Since the discovery of circular RNA (circRNA) by Sanger sequencing, it has been reported to play a pivotal role in several human diseases, including cancer. circRNA functions as a microRNA (miRNA) sponge in the regulation of mRNA expression, forming the circRNA-miRNA regulatory axis. In the case of OSCC, overexpression of different circRNAs exhibits both tumor-progressive and tumor-suppressive effects.

In this work, copper (Cu) matrix composite reinforced with titanium carbide (TiC) was fabricated by powder metallurgy (PM) method with the varying TiC content from 0% to 12% by weight in the step of 4%. The required weight percentage of powders was milled in an indigenously developed ball milling setup. Green compacts were made using a computer-controlled hydraulic press (400 kN) and sintered in a muffle furnace at a temperature of 950°C. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to analyze the distribution of TiC particles in Cu matrix in as-sintered conditions. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis resulted in the existence of respective phases in the produced composites. The structural characteristics such as stress, strain, dislocation density, and grain size of the milled composites were evaluated. Cold upsetting was conducted for the sintered composites at room temperature to evaluate the axial (σz), hoop (σө), hydrostatic (σm), and effective (σeff) true stresses. These stresses were analyzed against true axial strain (εz). Results showed that the increase in the inclusion of weight percentage of TiC into the Cu matrix increases density, hardness, (σz), (σө), (σm), (σeff), and stress ratio parameters such as (σz/σeff), (σθ/σeff), (σm/σeff), and (σz/σθ) of the composites.

In the current research, AA6082 aluminium alloy matrix composites (AAMCs) incorporated with various weight fractions of titanium diboride (0, 3, 6, and 9 wt%) were prepared via an in situ casting technique. The exothermic reaction between inorganic powders like dipotassium hexafluorotitanate (K2TiF6) and potassium tetrafluoroborate (KBF4) in molten Al metal contributes to the development of titanium diboride content. The manufactured AA6082-TiB2 AAMCs were evaluated using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The mechanical properties and wear rate (WR) of the AAMCs were investigated. XRD guarantees the creation of TiB2 phases and proves the nonappearance of reaction products in the AMCs. SEM studies depict the even dispersion of TiB2 in the matrix alloy. The mechanical and tribological properties (MTP) of the AAMCs showed improvement by the dispersion of TiB2 particles. The WR decreases steadily with TiB2 and the least WR is seen at nine weight concentrations of TiB2/AA6082 AAMCs. Fabricated composites revealed 47.9% higher flexural strength and 14.2% superior compression strength than the base AA6082 alloy.

Aluminum, magnesium, and copper materials must have increased mechanical strength with enhanced wear and corrosion resistance. Substantial research focused on reinforcing hard particles into low-strength materials using stir casting or powder metallurgy. This work is intended to develop the magnesium hybrid matrix with the dispersion of boron carbide (B4C) and multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). Hybrid magnesium composites are prepared, although the powder metallurgy route considers different process parameters. Statistical analysis such as Taguchi L16 orthogonal array is involved in this work. It is used to find the magnesium hybrid samples’ minimum and maximum wear, corrosion, and microhardness levels. Powder metallurgy parameters are B4C (3%, 6%, 9%, and 12%), MWCNT (0.2%, 0.4%, 0.6%, and 0.8%), ball milling (1, 2, 3, and 4 h), and sintering (3, 4, 5, and 6 h). The ball milling parameters are extremely influenced in the wear test analysis. Minimum wear losses are obtained as 0.008 g by influencing the 4 h ball milling process. Similarly, 3 h of sintering time offered a minimum corrosion rate of 0.00078 mm/yr. In microhardness analysis, the percentage of MWCNTs is highly implicated in narrow hardness resulting in the hardness value of 181. The hardness value is recorded using 0.2% MWCNTs in the magnesium alloy AZ80.

Clean technology-based natural fiber composite fabrication is the prime aim of this piece of research. Natural fibers highly replace metal usage in industries and automobile, marine, medical applications, and so on. Vast amounts of natural fibers are freely available in all areas. In this research, work nanofiller material such as nano form waste coir fiber is collected from used car seat. The 10 wt.% of nanofiller material is added to the preparation of natural nanocomposites (ramie and abaca fiber). Hybrid composites are fabricated with the influence of different process parameters, namely, fiber weight percentage (20 wt.%, 30 wt.%, 40 wt.%, and 50 wt.%), NaOH action % (4%, 6%, 8%, and 10%), compression pressure (9 MPa, 12 MPa, 15 MPa, and 18 MPa), and temperature (100°C, 120°C, 140°C, and 160°C). Furthermore, the strength of this hybrid composite has analyzed by conducting flexural, impact, and shore hardness tests. These tests have provided the influence of selected parameters and their effects on the results of experimental work. In the flexural analysis, 6% of NaOH action has offered maximum flexural strength of the specimens. Correspondingly in the impact test, 30 wt.% of fiber is produced higher impact strength. Finally, applying 15 Mpa of compression pressure records the maximum shore hardness.

The green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using plants has grown in significance recently. The present investigation involved the synthesis of AgNPs utilizing Tabebuia rosea (TR) seeds as a reducing agent. The bioactive potential of the synthesized AgNP was evaluated through antibacterial, antioxidant, and cytotoxicity assays. The confirmation of the formation of AgNPs was achieved through the utilization of UV–vis spectroscopy. The spectroscopic analysis revealed the presence of absorption maxima at 450 nm, which is a distinctive feature of AgNPs. The optimization process for the synthesis of nanoparticles was conducted by varying the pH levels, metal ion (AgNO _3 ), and substrate (Seed extract). The size range of the synthesized nanoparticles was found to be less than 100 nm through the use of scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The profile obtained through energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDX) analysis of AgNPs exhibited a characteristic optical absorption peak at approximately 3 keV. Further investigation using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy revealed the involvement of O–H stretching in phenolic compounds and O–H and C=O stretching in carboxylic acids forming AgNPs. The results of the antimicrobial activity assay indicate that the bacteria K. pneumonia exhibited the maximum inhibition zone of 20 ± 0.48 mm, followed by E. faecalis , P. aeruginosa , P. mirabilis , and S. aureus at the highest concentration of 100 mg ml ^−1 , respectively. The DPPH assay findings suggest that the maximum concentration of 500 μ g ml ^−1 of AgNPs exhibited a unique scavenging ability, with a value of 80.98%. Additionally, the application of biologically synthesized AgNPs to treated cells resulted in a cytotoxic effect. The inhibitory concentration (IC _50 ) value of 45 μ g ml ^−1 was determined following a 24 h treatment with human fibroblast cells (L929). Using T. rosea seed to produce AgNPs holds promise for their potential application as nano drugs.

This study aimed to achieve an innovative, environmentally friendly, and effectual method for preparing a hybrid nanocomposite using reduced graphene oxide (rGO)-coated iron-doped zinc oxide (rGO/ZnO/Fe) to remove nitrate and phosphate from the reaction mixture. Prunus × yedoensis leaf extract was used as a reducer and was calcined at different temperatures (80 and 160 °C) for 24 and 48 h in a hydrothermal reactor. The physical characteristics of the rGO/ZnO/Fe composite nanostructure were studied by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM). Elemental mapping and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) demonstrated the occurrence of elements, their distribution, and the magnitudes. The functional groups were confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The composite was further characterized using the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) technique, X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), and Raman spectroscopy. The composites treated at 80 °C for 24 h, 160 °C for 24 h, 80 °C for 48 h, and 160 °C for 48 h remove nitrate up to 82%, 86%, 92%, 96%, and phosphate up to 72%, 84%, 68%, 90%, respectively.

The aqueous extract of Alternanthera sessilis (As) acts as the precursors for the quick reduction of silver ions, which leads to the formation of silver nanoparticles. In the agar, well diffusion method of the Klebsiella pneumoniae shows the minimal inhibitory concentration of 12 mm against A. sessilis mediated silver nanoparticles (As-AgNPs) at 60 µg/mL concentration. Fabric treated with novel AS-AgNPs is tested against the K. pneumoniae and shows an inhibitory action of 12 mm with mixed cotton that determines the antimicrobial efficacy of the fabrics. Uv- visible spectrophotometer was performed, showing a surface plasmon resonance peak at 450 nm cm−1. FTIR shows the vibration and the infrared radiation at a specific wavelength of 500–4000 cm−1. The HR-TEM analysis showed the presence of black-white crystalline, spherical-shaped As-AgNPs embedded on the fabrics range of 15 nm–40 nm. In the scanning electron microscope, the presence of small ball-shaped As-AgNPs embedded on the fabrics at a voltage of 30 KV was found with a magnification of 578X. EDAX was performed in which the nanoparticles show a peak of 2.6–3.9 KeV, and it also reveals the presence of the composition, distribution, and elemental mapping of the nanoparticles. The cytotoxic activity of synthesized nanosilver was carried out against L929 cell lines, which show cell viability at a concentration of 2.5 µg mL−1. Cell proliferation assay shows no cytotoxicity against L929 cell lines for 24 h. In this study, the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles from A. sessilis appears to be a cheap, eco-friendly, and alternative approach for curing infectious ulcers on the floor of the stratum corneum. Nanotechnology conjoined with herbal therapeutics provides a promising solution for wound management.

The course of investigations of bioactive compounds like bacterial pigments from the marine environment has greatly expanded in the recent decades. Despite the huge concern in secluding and collecting marine bacteria, microbial metabolites are progressively alluring to science due to their wide ranging applications in various fields, particularly those with distinctive color pigments. This review is a short appraisal of the studies undertaken over the past 5 years on the bacterial pigments sourced from the marine environment. Herein, we have reviewed the potential of different bacterial species isolated from marine environment in diverse studies that are producing bioactive pigments that have potential commercial applications.

This study was intended to isolate and investigate endophytic fungi and its metabolite as an active biocontrol agent. Endophytic fungal secondary metabolites are considered as an effective and environmentally friendly alternative to synthetic chemicals for integrated pest management. In this study, different parts of medicinal plant Plectranthus amboinicus (Oregano) were selected to isolate twenty-three fungal endophytes. Out of twenty-three, one isolate demonstrates potent activities against cotton leaf worm Spodoptera litura (S. litura) an insecticides resistance pest. Identification of potent isolate was attained through the morphological, sequence similarity and phylogenetic analysis of the ITS regions and confirmed as Aspergillus sojae (A. sojae). The GCMS analysis reveals the metabolites of A. sojae were rich in 2-Furancarboxaldehyde and Levoglucosenone then other compounds. The FTIR peaks of A. sojae crude extract shows the major peaks that corresponding to NH, C–H, and OH stretching and minor peaks are C–H bend (meta) and acetylenic C–H bend. FTIR analysis supports the presence of functional groups in accordance with GCMS data as dominating compound. The bioassay results showed that A. sojae metabolite affects third and fourth instar larvae of S. litura. In addition, antibiotic quality of A. sojae metabolite tested against five selective bacteria. Among five different bacteria, the maximum zone of inhibition was displayed for Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus in the higher concentration of 100 μg/mL. Our resultssuggest the importance of endophytic fungal metabolites to control the pesticide-resistant insect pests.