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Introduction: The Mandibular Lingual Canals (MLC), which carry the sublingual artery, are present in the mandible near the genial tubercle. Identification of these canals is important before any dental surgical procedures. Aim: To identify and evaluate the mandibular lingual canal in Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) of the Western Indian Population. Materials and Methods: The current cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Sumandeep Vidyapeeth, Vadodara, Gujarat, India between October 2022 and June 2023. A total of 100 CBCT volumes showing the mandibular anterior region were evaluated for the presence or absence of a mandibular lingual canal. The canals were further evaluated for their number, diameter, length, thickness of the buccal cortical plate, and the remaining bone above and below the canal. The evaluation was done by two separate investigators. The data were entered into Microsoft Excel and subjected to statistical analysis. Data collected were tested statistically using the Chi-square test. Results: A total of 59 males and 41 females’ mandibular CBCT volumes were evaluated, out of which 93 CBCT volumes showed the mandibular lingual canal. The maximum number (n=57) of individuals showed three canals, followed by two canals (n=26) and one canal (n=10). There was no statistical significance between genders regarding canal number, diameter, length, thickness of the buccal cortical plate, and the remaining bone above and below the canal. Conclusion: Three-canal morphology was the most common anatomical form of MLC found in the Western Indian population.

Introduction: The mandibular bone is an important component of the facial bone and this bone shows the measurable osteoporotic changes on radiographs. One of the changes shown is mandibular endosteal margin erosions and on panoramic radiograph the changes are seen as cortical cavities and cortical residues. Aim: To evaluate and compare mandibular endosteal margin erosions on panoramic radiographs in dentulous and edentulous elderly population. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study was conducted on 611 panoramic radiographs of elderly population for mandibular endosteal margin erosions using Mandibular Cortical Index (MCI), devised based on appearance of lower border of mandibular cortex distally from mental foramen as viewed on panoramic radiograph. Data collected was tested statistically using chi-square test. Results: The mandibular endosteal margin erosions were more severe in edentulous group. The difference between the groups was found to be statistically significant (p

Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) is a potentially malignant disorder of the oral cavity commonly prevalent in India and other southeastern countries where consumption of areca nut is predominated. As it has significant morbidity and mortality, early diagnosis and prompt treatment are essential. At present, none of the treatment modalities offers a complete cure for the diseases. Thus, in the search of newer treatment modalities, various Ayurvedic medicines have been studied in recent years. The present review aims to summarize the role of Aloe vera for the treatment of OSMF.

Introduction: Mandible undergoes age- and sex-related structural changes similar to other bones of the body. Thus, morphometric analysis of the mandible helps in age and sex determination. Aim: To investigate the influence of age and sex on the mandible by measuring three parameters, i.e. gonial angle, ramus height and bigonial width. Materials and Methods: A retrospective radiomorphometric analysis was conducted in the department of Oral Medicine and Radiology. A total of 300 panoramic radiographs (150 males and 150 females) equally distributed in six study groups according to the age were analysed. The measurements were performed using DIGORA 2.8 software for Windows. The acquired data was statistically analysed by one way ANOVA test and Student's t-test using SPSS (v. 19.0). Results: Statistically significant differences according to age were found in gonial angle dimensions. Ramus height and bigonial width did not demonstrate statistically significant co-relation with age. According to sex, all the three study parameters showed statistically highly significant differences. Conclusion: The morphometric analysis of the mandible is a useful tool for age estimation and sex determination.

Ameloblastic carcinoma is a rare malignant tumor of odontogenic origin. It is an aggressive neoplasm that is locally invasive and can spread to regional lymph nodes or distant sites such as lung and bones. Histopathology is a vital tool for diagnosis of ameloblastic carcinoma and is also required to differentiate it from ameloblastoma. Its biologic behavior recommends necessity of early diagnosis and prompt treatment. However, due to lack of case reports with long-term follow-up, there is no established treatment protocol for these cases. Here, we are presenting a unique case of ameloblastic carcinoma of left mandible in a 48-year-old female patient treated successfully with resection and reconstruction by fibular graft.

Background: The infraorbital canal is one of the important anatomic structures present in the panoramic radiographic image which shows different radiographic presentations. Aim: To study the morphology of infraorbital canal on digital panoramic radiograph. Materials and Methods: The total of 1000 digital panoramic radiographs were selected from archives of the department after fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Each radiograph was then analyzed for morphological study based on Scarfe et al. classification. The collected data were statistically analyzed by using descriptive statistics and the Chi-square test. Results: The participants' age ranged from 11 to 85 years with the mean age 37.72 + 15.89 years. There were total 583 males and 417 females with ratio of 1.4:1. The infraorbital canals were detected in 96.8% of the radiographs. The Type I, II, and III infraorbital canals were 43.45%, 18.95%, and 34.4% of radiographs, respectively. No significant difference was noted according to sex and side (P > 0.05). Conclusion: The radiographic patterns of infraorbital canal were analyzed and a modification into Scarfe et al. classification was proposed.

Introduction: Although oral squamous cell carcinoma mainly occurs in oral soft tissues, involvement of jaw bones occurs in 12–56% of the cases. In these cases, radiographic examination becomes important to observe the pattern of bone involvement. Objectives: To analyze the radiographic features of oral malignancy involving jaw bone and to compare it with the available literature. Materials and Methods: The clinical and radiographic records of 20 cases of oral malignancy showing bone involvement in panoramic radiographs were analyzed from the archives of the department in the present hospital-based retrospective study. Descriptive statistics were used to compare the findings. Results: We observed that the age of the patients presenting with oral malignancy with jaw bone involvement ranged from 35 to 82 years, with a male:female ratio of 1:1. Mandible was involved in 19 cases with preference to the right side (63.2%). In the mandible, the body of the mandible was most commonly involved (89.5%), with ragged margins (80%) and irregular pattern of involvement (75%) being the most common. Pathologic fracture was evident in 6 (30%) cases and floating tooth appearance was present in 10 (50%) cases. Only 3 (15%) cases demonstrated root resorption. Conclusion: Panoramic radiographs are valuable aids in diagnosing the involvement of jaw bones in oral malignancy, and thereby help in devising the treatment plan.

Background: Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) is an upcoming imaging modality in field of dentistry with promising outcomes. Aim of the Study: To assess the dental student's knowledge and attitude regarding CBCT in K. M. Shah Dental College and Hospital as they are future practitioners. Methodology: An anonymous questionnaire consisting of 11 questions was distributed among 320 dental students which included final BDS students, interns, and postgraduate students. Descriptive statistics was used to analyze the responses of the participants, and Chi-square test was applied to statistically evaluate the differences in the responses according to the education level. Results: Totally, 96.9% response rate was achieved. All the students had heard of CBCT used for dental practice. The majority of them gained knowledge about CBCT through faculty lessons. Lower radiation dose was given as the most important advantage of CBCT over medical computed tomography. Many of the students thought that CBCT should be taught during clinical phase of their education, and there is necessary for CBCT unit at dental faculties. More than half of the students believed that the use of CBCT would become more widespread in the near future, and they aspire to use CBCT technology in their future careers. Conclusion: Seeing the positive attitude, it was concluded that the students' should be provided with thorough practical knowledge and efforts should be made to improve their concepts regarding CBCT.

Introduction: In carcinogenesis, increased oxidative stress and weakened antioxidant defense produces damage to the macromolecules like proteins. Thus, protein can act as potential biomarker in oral premalignant and malignant lesions. Aim: To determine and compare the levels of serum proteins in Oral Submucuous Fibrosis (OSMF), Oral Leukoplakia (OL), Nicotina Stomatitis (NS), Oral Malignancy (OM) and Healthy Controls (HC). Materials and Methods: A total of 250 participants, were equally divided in five groups i.e., OSMF, OL, NS, OM and HC. Five ml of blood was collected from antecubital vein from each participant. The serum was analyzed for total protein, albumin and globulin levels using EBRA EM 200 semi-quantitive analyzer with the help of diagnostic kits. Results: There were total 193 males and 57 females, who were between 18 to 82 years of age, with a mean of 46.32±13.89 years. The serum protein and globulin levels were significantly decreased in OSMF, OL and NS and increased in OM as compared to HC (p0.05). Conclusion: Serum proteins can be used as diagnostic and prognostic marker for oral premalignant and malignant lesions.