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Jaewoo Pak,1–3* Jung Hun Lee,1,4* Kwang Seung Park,4 Jeong Ho Jeon,4 Sang Hee Lee4 1Stems Medical Clinic, Gangnamgu, Seoul, Republic of Korea; 2TEDA‑Puhua International Hospital, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China; 3Life Science Institute, Komplek Permata Senayan, Jalan Tentara Pelajar, Jakarta Selatan, Indonesia; 4National Leading Research Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Myongji University, Yongin, Gyeonggido, Republic of Korea *These authors contributed equally to this work Abstract: The menisci of the human knee play an important role in maintaining normal functions to provide stability and nutrition to the articular cartilage, and to absorb shock. Once injured, these important structures have very limited natural healing potential. Unfortunately, the traditional arthroscopic meniscectomy performed on these damaged menisci may predispose the joint toward early development of osteoarthritis. Although a very limited number of studies are available, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been investigated as an alternative therapeutic modality to repair human knee meniscal tears. This review summarizes the results of published applications of MSCs in human patients, which showed that the patients who received MSCs (autologous adipose tissue-derived stem cells or culture-expanded bone marrow-derived stem cells) presented symptomatic improvements, along with magnetic resonance imaging evidences of the meniscal repair. Keywords: adipose tissue-derived stem cells, bone marrow-derived stem cells, human knee, meniscal tear, articular cartilage, therapeutic modality

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of full-fat oil seeds on milking performance, milk composition, and milk quality in lactating Holstein cows. Animals for the experiment were randomly assigned to one of three treatment groups. The control group was fed a CON diet (total mixed ration + hay + concentrate), T1 was fed the CON diet + 600 g flaxseed, and T2 was fed the CON diet + 600 g flaxseed + 200 g chia seeds. Supplementation with flaxseed or flaxseed + chia seeds had little effect on milk yield, feed intake, and feed efficiency of lactating Holstein cows. The content of protein and nonfat- solids was higher in T1 than in control (P < 0.05) during the first period, but overall, the addition of flaxseed or flaxseed + chia seeds had a low influence on milk composition. Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and polyunsaturated fatty acid contents increased with the supplementation of flaxseed or flaxseed + chia seeds (P < 0.05). The percentage of n-3 fatty acids and the antioxidant activity of raw milk also increased as a result of flaxseed or flaxseed + chia seed administration (P < 0.05). Thus, in this study, mixed flaxseed and chia seed supplementation exerted a positive effect on lactation persistency, functional fatty acid concentration (CLA, polyunsaturated fatty acid, and n-3 fatty acid), and antioxidant activity in lactating Holstein cows. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A wide range of experimental measurements on enantiomorphs of L- and D-alanine and -valine in an effort to detect a weak interaction phase transition as described by Salam and to reexamine the results. The results for a number of experiments designed to search for phase transitions in two amino acids crystals, alanine, and valine are reported.

Researchers have investigated the melting of a multi-component mixture that is made up of melting and nonmelting components. Particular attention has been given to the one-dimensional transport of heat and mass in a packed bed. It was found that the links between relative permeability and capillary pressure which are commonly used by the researchers seem to produce acceptable results in this situation. However, the conventional capillary pressure model did not accurately predict the long time distribution of the melting phase in all cases.