1. Risk of Sleep Problems in Middle-Aged and Older Adults Experiencing Bodily Pains: Serial Multiple Mediation Estimates of Emotional Distress and Activity Limitations.
- Author
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Gyasi, Razak M., Aikins, Emelia, Dumedah, Gift, Gyasi-Boadu, Nelson, Frimpong, Prince Boakye, Boampong, Mary Sefa, Buor, Daniel, Mariwah, Simon, Naab, Francis, and Phillips, David R.
- Abstract
• What is the primary question addressed by this study? To what extent do activity limitation and emotional distress serially mediate the association between pain characteristics and sleep quality among older adults? • What is the main finding of this study? Pain characteristics (i.e., pain intensity and pain interference) were significantly associated with increased sleep problems among older adults in the sub-Saharan African context, where research on this topic is largely neglected. Most importantly, the association was significantly and serially mediated by activity limitation and emotional distress. • What is the meaning of the finding? Older adults with pains may be at greater risk of sleep problems, underscoring the need for conscious policy and public health interventions to manage pain-induced sleep problems in later life effectively. Indeed, before intervening in pain-induced sleep problems in old age, clinicians should screen for functional status and emotional distress. Pain is increasingly becoming common among middle-aged and older adults. While research on the association between pain characteristics and sleep problems (SP) is limited in low- and middle-income countries, the underlying mechanisms of the association are poorly understood. This study examines the association of bodily pain intensity and pain interference with SP and investigates the mediating role of activity limitation and emotional distress in this association. We analyzed population-based data, including 1,201 individuals aged ≥50 (mean [SD] age 66.14 [11.85] years) from the 2016–2018 AgeHeaPsyWel-HeaSeeB study in Ghana. Multiple OLS regressions and serial multiple mediation modeling using bootstrapping analyses examined direct and indirect effects from pain to SP through activity limitation and emotional distress. Regressions demonstrated that pain intensity and interference were significantly associated with higher levels of activity limitation, emotional distress, and SP (range: β = 0.049–0.658). Bootstrapping analysis showed that activity limitation and emotional distress serially mediated the relationship between pain intensity and SP (total effect: β = 0.264, Bootstrap 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.165–0.362; direct effect: (β = 0.107, Bootstrap 95% CI = 0.005–0.210; total indirect effect: β = 0.156, Bootstrap 95% CI = 0.005–0.210) accounting for ∼59%. Activity limitation and emotional distress mediated pain interference and SP association (total effect: β = 0.404, Bootstrap 95% CI = 0.318–0.490; direct effect: β = 0.292, Bootstrap 95% CI = 0.201–0.384; and total indirect effect: β = 0.112, Bootstrap 95% CI = 0.069–0.156) yielding ∼28%. Our data suggest that activity limitation and emotional distress may convey stress-related risks of pain on SP. Future research should evaluate if activity limitation and emotional distress could be effective targets to reduce the effect of pain on sleep in later-life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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