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An experiment was conducted to study themacronutrient profilingof high valued indigenous freshwater fishes of West Bengal. Eleven high valued freshwater finishes, viz. Folui (Notopterusnotopterus), Belle (Glossogobiusgiuris), Koi (Anabas testudineus), Mourala (Amblypharyngodonmicrolepis), Punti (Puntiuschola), Cuchia (Monopterus cuchia), Pabda (Ompok pabda), Kailipabda (Ompok bimaculatus), Tengra (Mystus vittatus), Chanda (Parambassis ranga) and Nandus (Nandus nandus) were collected from local market of West Bengal to determine their nutritive valuethrough proximate and major mineral composition of flesh. The proximate and major mineral composition of these fishes like protein, lipid, moisture, ash and carbohydrate as well as calcium and potassium were estimated by standard methods. The average moisture content ranged from 70.20 to 79.70%. The flesh crude protein content ranged between 14.79% to 20.44%with the highest protein was found in Ompok bimaculatus and lowest in Puntius chola.The lipid content varied widely from 1.94 to 4.28%, with Ompok bimaculatus being the fattiestflesh (4.28 %). Other nutrients, such as ash content werevarying from 0.96% to 2.31%. The Calcium contents were 0.02 to 0.06% and the Phosphorous contents were 0.05 to 0.20% as well.So,in the present study, it could be concluded that these fishes are the source of quality protein and minerals, thereby safeguarding both nutritional and livelihood security for protein hunger. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A study was conducted to evaluate the effect of three different organic manures and salinity levels on production of greenhouse gases (GHGs) and their interactive effects on growth and physiological parameters of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) in peri‐urban aquaculture tank system. The experiment had 3 × 3 factorial design with three types of organic manures, that is humic acid, FMGY (fermented boiled rice, molasses, groundnut oil cake and yeast) and cow dung tested in combination with three different salinity levels, that is 0.2, 2.5 and 5.0 g/L in triplicates. C. carpio fingerlings (average weight and length of 7 g and 7.15 cm respectively) were distributed to 27 number of 1000‐litre FRP tanks (nine treatments with triplicates) containing 10 fish per tank. Fish were maintained for an experimental period of 180 days with a diet containing 30% crude protein. GHG estimation was done on 120th, 150th and 180th days at 30‐day interval by collecting gaseous sample following floating chamber method. Lowest GHG emission (917.73) CO2 equivalent (mg m−2 h−1) was recorded in T3 treatment (humic acid + 5 g/L salinity). Highest fish growth was evident in T2 treatment (humic acid with 2.5 g/L salinity). GaSI and HSI were higher in treatment T2. Lowest stress parameters (plasma glucose and serum cortisol) were recorded in T4 treatment (FMGY with 0.2 g/L salinity). In terms of GHG emission, growth and bio‐indices in C. carpio tank rearing, humic acid is the best organic manure at less than 5 g/L water salinity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A 60-day indoor experiment was conducted to study the effect of dietary supplementation of biofloc on metabolic enzyme activities and immune responses in Penaeus monodon juveniles. Biofloc developed in indoor fibreglass-reinforced plastic ( FRP) tanks (1000 L) was used as dietary supplement in P. monodon (2.90 ± 0.10 g) reared in 1000-L FRP tanks. Graded level of dried biofloc was included in shrimp basal diets, 0% (control, B0), 4% (B4), 8% (B8) and 12% (B12). The level of metabolic enzymes like malate dehydrogenase ( MDH), aspartate aminotransferase ( AST) and alanine aminotransferase ( ALT) was not significantly different with control up to 8% dietary supplementation. A higher level of total haemocyte count ( THC) was noticed in B8 (22.16 ± 2.17 × 106 cells mL−1) and B4 (21.11 ± 0.56 × 106 cells mL−1) compared with control, C (14.61 ± 2.74 × 106 cells mL−1). Biofloc-supplemented groups recorded significantly higher ( P < 0.05) serum SOD and catalase activity ( P < 0.01) in comparison with control. The groups fed with 4% dietary biofloc supplement recorded highest relative percentage survival ( RPS), 45% after challenge with Vibrio harveyi followed by 36% and 27% RPS in B8 and B12 groups. Based on these results, it can be concluded that supplementation of biofloc even at 4% level in the feed improves immune responses and metabolic activities in black tiger shrimp juveniles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]