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Karina Salud Montoya-Pérez,1 Jorge Isaac Manuel Ortega,2 Roberto Montes-Delgado,1 Ferrán Padrós-Blázquez,3 José María de la Roca Chiapas,4 Rocío Montoya-Pérez5 1Facultad de Psicología, Universidad de Colima, Colima, México; 2Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, Yucatán, México; 3Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Michoacán, México; 4Departamento de Psicología, División de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guanajuato, León, Guanajuato, México; 5Instituto de Investigaciones Químico Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Michoacán, MéxicoCorrespondence: Karina Salud Montoya-PérezFacultad de Psicología, Universidad de Colima, Avenue Universidad #333, Col. Las Víboras, Colima C.P. 28040, Col. MéxicoEmail kmontoya0@ucol.mxAbstract: Sensory Processing Sensitivity (SPS) is a genetically-determined trait that allows people to notice external and internal subtleties in sensory stimuli easily. This feature provides certain advantages to those who possess it, such as, greater empathy, artistic tastes or skills, also, this people can get greater benefit in circumstances with little exposure to sensory input. However, an unfavorable feature of the trait is an increased vulnerability to development psychopathology. In Mexico there is not an instrument to assess the presence of the SPS, thus, the purpose of this research was to analyze the psychometric properties of the Highly Sensitive Person Scale (HSP Scale) in Mexican population. The results showed that the adaptation of HSP Scale has adequate psychometric properties, so the essential contribution of this study is to provide a reliable and valid instrument that allows to discriminate the presence of the SPS.Keywords: sensory processing sensitivity, highly sensitivity, personality, vulnerability, psychopathology

Interpersonal sensitivity is an aspect of Sensory Processing Sensitivity (SPS) that has been unexplored precisely despite potentially playing an even more significant role in individuals with SPS. The results of various studies on individuals with SPS suggest that this trait is accompanied by a high interpersonal sensitivity, which refers to an increased sensitivity to the emotional states of individuals with whom one interacts; however, no measurement instrument directly evaluates it. This research aimed to develop an instrument to assess high interpersonal sensitivity and analyze its psychometric properties. Four hundred twenty-nine university students aged 18 to 29 participated. Confirmatory Factor Analysis supported a three-factor structure (awareness of subtleties, overstimulation, and persistent effect) consistent with Exploratory Factor Analysis findings. The internal consistency values for the total scale and the three factors were adequate, and the validity evidence was congruent with the construct. Despite needing further studies, the High Interpersonal Sensitivity Scale (HISS) shows adequate psychometric properties for measuring high interpersonal sensitivity in adults., Competing Interests: The authors have no competing interests to declare., (Copyright: © 2024 The Author(s).)

Background: The levels of anxiety and mental disorders have increased considerably in the general population due to COVID-19. The risk of health personnel is greater than that of the general population. However, there are no studies that estimate the impact of COVID-19 on the mental health of health personnel in Mexico., Objective: To measure the levels of burnout and anxiety in health personnel, and to compare those levels between medical and nursing personnel, and from those in the COVID-19 Area and those who were not there, as well as to establish the relationship between sex and age., Material and Methods: A sample of 211 health workers was captured: 75 (35.5%) were from medical personnel, and 136 (64.5%) from the nursing staff. The Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), which evaluated anxiety and burnout, respectively, were administered online (via internet)., Results: Nursing staff showed higher levels in the BAI compared to medical staff, but no differences were observed in the MBI scales. Health personnel who worked in the COVID-19 Area showed higher levels of burnout and anxiety., Conclusions: Due to the high levels of anxiety and burnout we found out, we believe it would be convenient to detect the highest risk cases to be referred to mental health services, and the rest could receive preventive interventions that may be implemented during future pandemics., (Licencia CC 4.0 (BY-NC-ND) © 2024 Revista Médica del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social.)

Thought style has been described as a mediator between cancer diagnosis and the emotional response to cancer. Describe the latent profiles related to thought style (rumination, cognitive engagement, and cognitive avoidance) and emotional response in a sample of cancer patients. 159 cancer patients were assessed prior to starting treatment. Measurement instruments used were HADS, Cancer response thought style inventory, distress thermometer, and PTGI. Analysis of latent classes to explore profiles of who share the same thought style. The solution had 4 subgroups: first group was avoidance, the means for anxiety, depression and post-traumatic growth were the lowest of the four groups. The second group was rumination, presenting highest scores for anxiety, depression and post-traumatic growth. The third group was indeterminate, this group presented low anxiety and depression. The fourth group, with cognitive engagement presented low anxiety and depression and post-traumatic growth was high., Competing Interests: Declaration of conflicting interestsThe authors declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.

(1) Introduction: Cancer diagnosis has been related to depression, anxiety, and distress, as well as to post-traumatic growth (PTG). One of the mediating variables for emotional response is thought style (rumination, cognitive avoidance, and cognitive engagement). (2) Aim: To identify the relationship between thought style and emotional responses to cancer. A secondary aim was to identify the relationship between emotional responses and inflammatory immunological biomarkers. (3) Method: A total of 115 patients with cancer were included in the study. Before initiating cancer treatment, patients were assessed using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), distress thermometer, and Post-Traumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI). Patients provided their most recent blood biometry. (4) Results: Rumination correlated with anxiety, depression, and distress. Cognitive avoidance correlated with PTG (-0.240) and distress (-0.209). Cognitive engagement correlated with PTG (0.393). Regarding thought style and biomarkers, a negative correlation was observed for absolute neutrophils with cognitive avoidance (-0.271) and rumination (0.305). Regarding biomarkers and emotional responses, there was a negative correlation between PTG and absolute lymphocytes (-0.291). There was also a correlation between PTG and neutrophils (0.357) and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) (0.295). (5) Conclusions: Thought style is related to the emotional response to a cancer diagnosis; rumination is related to depression, distress, and anxiety; and cognitive engagement is related to PTG. PTG is related to inflammation and immunological biomarkers.

Background: Traditionally, psychopathology has been related to suicide risk, furthermore if we bear in mind that the recent meta-analysis on the relationship between some mental disorders and the risk of suicide attempt are inconclusive, and have been performed with non-clinical samples., Objective: To establish the psychopathological differences between female adolescent patients with and without suicide attempt., Material and Methods: Comparative, prospective, correlational and cross-sectional study. A sample of 50 female participants was used, divided into 2 groups: one of cases, (n = 25), made up of female patients between 15 and 19 years of age with suicide attempt, and a control group of pairs (n = 25) with no history of suicide attempt. The following instruments were applied: the Plutchik Impulsivity Scale, the Beck Hopelessness Scale, the K-Sads-PL, the Beck Suicidal Ideation Scale, and the Hamilton Depression Scale., Results: A greater presence of the disorders evaluated was found: major depressive disorder, dysthymic disorder, generalized anxiety disorder and panic disorder in the group with suicide attempt. Furthermore, the case group obtained higher mean scores on the Beck Hopelessness Scale, the Beck Suicidal Ideation Scale, the Hamilton Depression Scale and the Plutchik Impulsivity Scale., Conclusions: The results agree with most of previous studies. It is suggested to carry out preventive interventions in cases where a considerably increased risk is detected., (Licencia CC 4.0 (BY-NC-ND) © 2023 Revista Médica del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social.)

Background: In Mexico, alcohol consumption in adolescents has increased and the reasons why adolescents do that have hardly been studied. Likewise, studies on the possible differences in the reasons for consumption among adolescents who consume alcohol occasionally and excessively are scarce at the international level., Objective: To examine the reasons for consuming alcohol in adolescents, and to study if these differ depending on whether the consumption is occasional or excessive., Material and Methods: The DMQ-R-SF (Drinking Motives Questionnaire Revised-Short-Form) and AUDIT (Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test) scales were administered to Mexican adolescents from 4 schools (one middle-school and 3 high schools) who had ever consumed alcohol., Results: The sample consisted of 307 adolescents (mean 16.17 ± SD = 1.24), out of which 174 (56.7%) were female. It was observed that the most frequently mentioned reason was social, followed by improvement and coping, with conformity being the least recognized. In the results extracted from the multiple regression analyses, it was observed that alcohol consumption in the total sample is explained by three of the four reasons. However, occasional consumption is explained by the social and improvement reasons, but excessive consumption is only explained by coping with aversive experiences., Conclusions: These results suggest that it is very useful to detect those adolescents who consume as a way of coping, and offer them adaptive regulation strategies against anxiety and depression., (© 2023 Revista Médica del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social.)

Gaudiebility refers to the set of modulators that regulate the enjoyment experienced, there is only one scale to assess gaudiebility, and it is univariate, which is not congruent with the construct. Therefore, this work's objective was to build a multifactorial scale and study the psychometric properties of the Gaudiebility Scale for Adults of Morelia (GSAM). 1,884 adults participated; 273 in the pilot study and 1,611 in the final study. They responded to the final version of the GSAM, with 24 items and a scale of experienced enjoyment. The adequate fit of the model of 6 related factors of the GSAM was corroborated through confirmatory factor analysis. Adequate Cronbach's alpha values ​​were observed for the factors (Concentration (α = .796), Enjoyment in Solitude (α = .784), Sense of Humor (α = .760), Imagination (α = .740), Interest (α = .653) and Irrational Beliefs (α = .633)) and the total scale (α = .803). All the factors and the full scale showed positive relationships with the scale of experienced enjoyment. The GSAM obtained good indicators regarding its internal consistency and validity; therefore, it is concluded that the GSAM is adequate to assess gaudiebility in adults., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Background: University students don’t have a healthy lifestyle so it is necessary to identify psychosocial variables that can increase it. Objective: To determine the relationship between the psychological capital (CapPsi) and lifestyle (EV) of Mexican university students. Method: A cross-sectional and correlational study was carried out among 320 students of a public university. The sample was non probabilistic by quotas. To assess the factors of CapPsi were used the General Scale of Self-efficacy, the Scale of Hope for Adults, Questionnaire of Resilience, the Life Orientation Test and; to assess the lifestyle was used the Fantastic questionnaire. Results: The variables of the CapPsi correlated with the healthy lifestyle; resilience (r = 0.505, p < 0.01); hope (r = 0.432, p < 0.01); optimism (r = 0.412, p < 0.01); and self-efficacy (r = 0.400, p < 0.01). The 33.3 of the total variance of the lifestyle was explained by the CapPsi (R2 = 0.333). Conclusions: Based on the results, it is assumed that the CapPsi improve lifestyle; however, further research is necessary to determine if the influence of CapPsi is in the adoption and / or maintenance of healthy lifestyle and identify how each one of its factors infl uences it particularly. The CapPsi has a representative percentage of prediction of healthy lifestyle. It is necessary that health promotion and prevention programs incorporate the approach of CapPsi to achieve a healthy lifestyle in the university students.

Introduction: Cognitive disturbances in Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) could persist beyond the symptomatic phase of the illness. However, the works addressing this topic did not usually account for the possible impact of medication on the cognitive functions of depressed patients. The present study aims to investigate whether MDD patients in remission treated with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI) or dual serotonergic-noradrenergic reuptake inhibitors (SNRI) show cognitive deficits, to study whether the same patients suffer neuropsychological disturbances when they are unmedicated and in recovery phase, and if the previous pharmacological treatment used to achieve the remission of MDD clinical symptoms had any effect in the profile of these patients' cognitive performance in the recovery phase., Methods: Thirty-six subjects with MDD treated with escitalopram and 37 depressed patients with duloxetine were compared both in remission phase and 24 weeks later, when they were unmedicated and in recovery phase. They were also compared, in both moments, to 37 healthy subjects., Results: The control subjects showed a broader better cognitive performance than MDD patients in both measurement moments, but several cognitive functions improved over time. Also, the patients treated with SNRI performed better in memory tests than the SNRI-treated patients in remission phase, and in recovery phase., Limitations: Our sample size is somewhat small, and we followed our patients only for 6months after treatment., Conclusions: Cognitive functions improve over time in patients with MDD beyond the remission phase, and the antidepressant treatment class used in acute depressive phase could influence his/her memory improvement., (Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)