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148 results on '"Pablo Paredes"'

1. Stress Markers for Mental States and Biotypes of Depression and Anxiety: A Scoping Review and Preliminary Illustrative Analysis

Author

Megan Chesnut, Sahar Harati, Pablo Paredes, Yasser Khan, Amir Foudeh, Jayoung Kim, Zhenan Bao, and Leanne M. Williams

Subjects
Psychiatry, RC435-571
Abstract

Depression and anxiety disrupt daily function and their effects can be long-lasting and devastating, yet there are no established physiological indicators that can be used to predict onset, diagnose, or target treatments. In this review, we conceptualize depression and anxiety as maladaptive responses to repetitive stress. We provide an overview of the role of chronic stress in depression and anxiety and a review of current knowledge on objective stress indicators of depression and anxiety. We focused on cortisol, heart rate variability and skin conductance that have been well studied in depression and anxiety and implicated in clinical emotional states. A targeted PubMed search was undertaken prioritizing meta-analyses that have linked depression and anxiety to cortisol, heart rate variability and skin conductance. Consistent findings include reduced heart rate variability across depression and anxiety, reduced tonic and phasic skin conductance in depression, and elevated cortisol at different times of day and across the day in depression. We then provide a brief overview of neural circuit disruptions that characterize particular types of depression and anxiety. We also include an illustrative analysis using predictive models to determine how stress markers contribute to specific subgroups of symptoms and how neural circuits add meaningfully to this prediction. For this, we implemented a tree-based multi-class classification model with physiological markers of heart rate variability as predictors and four symptom subtypes, including normative mood, as target variables. We achieved 40% accuracy on the validation set. We then added the neural circuit measures into our predictor set to identify the combination of neural circuit dysfunctions and physiological markers that accurately predict each symptom subtype. Achieving 54% accuracy suggested a strong relationship between those neural-physiological predictors and the mental states that characterize each subtype. Further work to elucidate the complex relationships between physiological markers, neural circuit dysfunction and resulting symptoms would advance our understanding of the pathophysiological pathways underlying depression and anxiety.

Published
2021
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2. Educación Física en Chile: tiempo de dedicación y su influencia en la condición física, composición corporal y nivel de actividad física en escolares (Physical Education in Chile: time spent and its influence on physical condition, body composition, and l

Author

Frano Giakoni, Pablo Paredes Bettancourt, and Daniel Duclos-Bastías

Subjects
Escolares, Salud, Ejercicio Físico, Educación Física, Composición Corporal (School children, Health, Sports, GV557-1198.995
Abstract

Resumen. Las clases de Educación Física constituyen un espacio de aprendizaje motriz y una instancia idónea para mantener y mejorar el estado de la salud física de los estudiantes escolares. Objetivo: Determinar la influencia que tiene el volumen de clases: dos o cuatro horas de Educación Física semanal, sobre la composición corporal, la condición física y nivel de actividad física en escolares chilenos. Método: Se evaluaron 244 estudiantes escolares de 13.11 ± .84 años de edad. Se midieron variables antropométricas, condición física y nivel de actividad física durante la clase de Educación Física. Resultados: Se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas para composición corporal (peso p = .0367), condición física (VO2máx p

Published
2021
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3. La poesía urbana como el cosmos y hogar de las resistencias: un diálogo entre las Ciencias Sociales y la literatura

Author

Alejandra González and Pablo Paredes

Subjects
Geography (General), G1-922
Abstract

– Decimos. El siguiente escrito se asoma al mundo de la academia desde su decir no científico. Emerge como realce de la palabra y en la posibilidad del diálogo con características perforrmativas, por lo que evidentemente ese carácter es difícil de recuperar en estas líneas. Hay en la oralidad y en la instalación de la emergencia un algo, que se pierde en el ejercicio racional de la escritura. Otro tanto se gana. Pese a ello, este texto rescata la intención de abrir un espacio de escisión y a la vez de comunicación entre las ciencias sociales y la literatura. Y no entre cualquier ciencia social: se colaron allí la Filosofía y la Geografía tomadas de la mano, a ver qué posibilidad tenían de conversar con la literatura. Por cierto, no cualquier literatura, la poesía, es (y fue) esta vez, aquella encarnizada en los textos y en la voz del poeta Pablo Paredes. Por ende el presente artículo consiste en ello, en un registro del diálogo y la pregunta, en un devenir por la posibilidad. Se pretende entonces, ser fieles a ese pasado, pero también esperemos usar ese propio pasado como posibilidad de proyecto. Vamos al origen, como salto al más propio estilo Benjaminiano. PALABRAS CLAVE: Oralidad, Filosofía, Geografía, Ciencias Sociales, Literatura.

Published
2017
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4. Social Contagion and Cascade Behaviors on Twitter

Author

Pablo Paredes and Jorge Fabrega

Subjects
three degrees, diffusion, twitter, social media, virality, Information technology, T58.5-58.64
Abstract

It has been found in a variety of face-to-face networks that diffusion of information, behaviors and sentiments extend up to two to four degrees of distance from the original source. This regularity has been popularized as the three degrees of influence phenomenon. Prior works have suggested a number of possible explanations to this pattern. In this paper, we study it in the context of an online network. We find similar results in this online setting to those already found offline. However, our approach suggests that two of the previously proposed explanations (increasing instability of connections at greater distances from the source and simple information decay) should not be central to explain the pattern.

Published
2013
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5. Presentación

Author

Milton Contreras Sáez, Cecilia Mayorga Muñoz, Karla González Suitt, Joucelyn Rivadeneira Valenzuela, and Juan Pablo Paredes

Subjects
The family. Marriage. Woman, HQ1-2044, Urban groups. The city. Urban sociology, HT101-395
Abstract

Cuando pensamos en la interdisciplinariedad en la intervención con familias, buscamos el uso de múltiples enfoques orientados a comprender al individuo, la familia y su contexto o ambiente. Desde la revista PAI, asumimos la responsabilidad ética de generar conocimiento que permita a los profesionales de diferentes disciplinas diseñar intervenciones sociales que mejoren la calidad de vida de las personas afectadas por diversos problemas o fenómenos sociales (Cooper y Granucci, 2022).

Published
2024

7. Editorial

Author

Juan Pablo Paredes, Francisco Letelier Troncoso, Javiera Cubillos Almendra, and Raquel Gutiérrez Aguilar

Subjects
The family. Marriage. Woman, HQ1-2044, Urban groups. The city. Urban sociology, HT101-395
Abstract

Cuando pensamos en comunidad, suele aparecer la idea de un grupo de personas que convive de manera más o menos permanente, comparte formas de vida y posee valores comunes. Así entendida, aunque la comunidad protege, da estabilidad y permite el consenso, no tiene la capacidad para producir nuevos modos de convivencia, nuevos valores o instituir lo social. Estas representaciones son herederas de la clásica oposición comunidad-sociedad, que se estableció con el surgimiento de la sociedad moderna, el gran invento teórico del siglo XIX (De Marinis, 2011).

Published
2024

22. Effect of High Altitude on the Survival of COVID-19 Patients in Intensive Care Unit: A Cohort Study

Author

Manuel Jibaja, Estefania Roldan-Vasquez, Jordi Rello, Hua Shen, Nelson Maldonado, Michelle Grunauer, Ana María Díaz, Fernanda García, Vanessa Ramírez, Hernán Sánchez, José Luis Barberán, Juan Pablo Paredes, Mónica Cevallos, Francisco Montenegro, Soraya Puertas, Killen Briones, Marlon Martínez, Jorge Vélez-Páez, Mario Montalvo-Villagómez, Luis Herrera, Santiago Garrido, and Ivan Sisa

Subjects
Adult, Male, Altitude, COVID-19, Middle Aged, Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine, Respiration, Artificial, Cohort Studies, Intensive Care Units, Humans, Female, Hospital Mortality, Aged, Retrospective Studies
Abstract

Purpose: The effect of high altitude ( ≥ 1500 m) and its potential association with mortality by COVID-19 remains controversial. We assessed the effect of high altitude on the survival/discharge of COVID-19 patients requiring intensive care unit (ICU) admission for mechanical ventilation compared to individuals treated at sea level. Methods: A retrospective cohort multi-center study of consecutive adults patients with a positive RT-PCR test for COVID-19 who were mechanically ventilated between March and November 2020. Data were collected from two sea-level hospitals and four high-altitude hospitals in Ecuador. The primary outcome was ICU and hospital survival/discharge. Survival analysis was conducted using semi-parametric Cox proportional hazards models. Results: Of the study population (n = 670), 35.2% were female with a mean age of 58.3 ± 12.6 years. On admission, high-altitude patients were more likely to be younger (57.2 vs. 60.5 years old), presented with less comorbidities such as hypertension (25.9% vs. 54.9% with p-value 3 sec (13.7% vs. 30.1%, p-value

Published
2022
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30. Co-infection and ICU-acquired infection in COIVD-19 ICU patients: a secondary analysis of the UNITE-COVID data set

Author

Conway Morris, Andrew, Kohler, Katharina, De Corte, Thomas, Ercole, Ari, De Grooth, Harm-Jan, Elbers, Paul W G, Povoa, Pedro, Morais, Rui, Koulenti, Despoina, Jog, Sameer, Nielsen, Nathan, Jubb, Alasdair, Cecconi, Maurizio, De Waele, Jan, Marco, Bezzi, Alicia, Gira, Philipp, Eller, Tarikul, Hamid, Injamam Ull Haque, Wim De Buyser, Antonella, Cudia, Daniel De Backer, Pierre, Foulon, Vincent, Collin, Jan De Waele, Jolien Van Hecke, Elisabeth De Waele, Claire Van Malderen, Jean-Baptiste, Mesland, Patrick, Biston, Michael, Piagnerelli, Lionel, Haentjens, Nicolas De Schryver, Jan Van Leemput, Philippe, Vanhove, Pierre, Bulpa, Viktoria, Ilieva, David, Katz, Alexandra, Binnie, Anna, Geagea, Fernando, Tirapegui, Gustavo, Lago, Jerónimo, Graf, Rodrigo, Perez-Araos, Patricio, Vargas, Felipe, Martinez, Eduardo, Labarca, Daniel Molano Franco, Daniela, Parra-Tanoux, Luis Felipe Reyes, David, Yepes, Filip, Periš, Sanda Stojanović Stipić, Cynthia Vanessa Campozano Burgos, Paulo Roberto Navas Boada, Jose Luis Barberan Brun, Juan Pablo Paredes Ballesteros, Gamal, Abdelnasser, Ahmed, Hammouda, Omar, Elmandouh, Ahmed, Azzam, Aliae Mohamed Hussein, Islam, Galal, Ahmed, K Awad, Mohammed, A Azab, Maged, Abdalla, Hebatallah, Assal, Mostafa, Alfishawy, Sherief, Ghozy, Samar, Tharwat, Abdullah, Eldaly, Anneli, Ellervee, Veronika, Reinhard, Anne, Chrisment, Chrystelle, Poyat, Julio, Badie, Fernando Berdaguer Ferrari, Björn, Weiss, Clara, Schellenberg, Julius, J Grunow, Marco, Lorenz, Stefan, J Schaller, Peter, Spieth, Marc, Bota, Falk, Fichtner, Kristina, Fuest, Tobias, Lahmer, Johannes, Herrmann, Patrick, Meybohm, Nikolaos, Markou, Georgia, Vasileiadou, Evangelia, Chrysanthopoulou, Panagiotis, Papamichalis, Ioanna, Soultati, Sameer, Jog, Kushal, Kalvit, Sheila Nainan Myatra, Ivan, Krupa, Aisa, Tharwat, Alistair, Nichol, Aine, Mccarthy, Ata, Mahmoodpoor, Tommaso, Tonetti, Paolo, Isoni, Savino, Spadaro, Carlo Alberto Volta, Lucia, Mirabella, Alberto, Noto, Gaetano, Florio, Amedeo, Guzzardella, Chiara, Paleari, Federica, Baccanelli, Marzia, Savi, Massimo, Antonelli, Gennaro De Pascale, San, Luca, Barbara, Vaccarini, Giorgia, Montrucchio, Gabriele, Sales, Donadello, Katia, Leonardo, Gottin, Marta, Nizzero, Enrico, Polati, De Rosa, Silvia, Demet, Sulemanji, Abdurraouf, Abusalama, Muhammed, Elhadi, Montelongo De FelipeJesus, Daniel Rodriguez Gonzalez, Victor Hugo Madrigal Robles, Nancy, Canedo, Alejandro Esquivel Chavez, Tarek, Dendane, Bart, Grady, Ben de Jong, Eveline van der Heiden, Patrick, Thoral, Bas van den Bogaard, Peter, E Spronk, Sefanja, Achterberg, Melanie, Groeneveld, Ralph K, L So, Calvin de Wijs, Harm, Scholten, Albertus, Beishuizen, Alexander, D Cornet, Auke, C Reidinga, Hetty, Kranen, Roos, Mensink, Spaarne, Gasthuis, Sylvia den Boer, Marcel de Groot, Oliver, Beck, Carina, Bethlehem, Bas van Bussel, Tim, Frenzel, Celestine de Jong, Rob, Wilting, Jozef, Kesecioglu, Jannet, Mehagnoul-Schipper, Datonye, Alasia, Ashok, Kumar, Ahad, Qayyum, Muhammad, Rana, Mustafa Abu Jayyab, Rosario Quispe Sierra, Aaron Mark Hernandez, José de Almeida, Lúcia, Taborda, Mónica, Anselmo, Tiago, Ramires, Catarina, Silva, Carolina, Roriz, Rui, Morais, Pedro, Póvoa, Patricia, Patricio, André, Pinto, Maria Lurdes Santos, Vasco, Costa, Pedro, Cunha, Celina, Gonçalves, Sandra, Nunes, João, Camões, Diana, Adrião, Ana, Oliveira, Ali, Omrani, Muna Al Maslamani, Abdurrahmaan Suei Elbuzidi, Bara Mahmoud Al Qudah, Abdel Rauof Akkari, Mohamed, Alkhatteb, Anas, Baiou, Ahmed, Husain, Mohamed, Alwraidat, Ibrahim Abdulsalam Saif, Dana, Bakdach, Amna, Ahmed, Mohamed, Aleef, Awadh, Bintaher, Cristina, Petrisor, Evgeniy, Popov, Ksenia, Popova, Mariia, Dementienko, Boris, Teplykh, Alexey, Pyregov, Liubov, Davydova, Belskii, Vladislav, Elena, Neporada, Ivan, Zverev, Svetlana, Meshchaninova, Dmitry, Sokolov, Elena, Gavrilova, Irina, Shlyk, Igor, Poliakov, Marina, Vlasova, Ohoud, Aljuhani, Amina, Alkhalaf, Felwa Bin Humaid, Yaseen, Arabi, Ahmed, Kuhail, Omar, Elrabi, Madihah, E Ghannam, Ng Teng Fong, Amit, Kansal, Vui Kian Ho, Jensen, Ng, Raquel Rodrígez García, Xiana Taboada Fraga, Mª Del Pilar García-Bonillo, Antonio, Padilla-Serrano, Marta Martin Cuadrado, Carlos, Ferrando, Ignacio, Catalan-Monzon, Laura, Galarza, Fernando, Frutos-Vivar, Jorge, Jimenez, Carmen, Rodríguez-Solis, Enric, Franquesa-Gonzalez, Guillermo Pérez Acosta, Luciano Santana Cabrera, Juan Pablo Aviles Parra, Francisco Muñoyerro Gonzalez, Maria Del Carmen Lorente Conesa, Ignacio Yago Martinez Varela, Orville Victoriano Baez Pravia, Maria Cruz Martin Delgado, Carlos Munoz de Cabo, Ana-Maria, Ioan, Cesar, Perez-Calvo, Arnoldo, Santos, Ane, Abad-Motos, Javier, Ripolles-Melchor, Belén Civantos Martin, Santiago Yus Teruel, Juan Higuera Lucas, Aaron Blandino Ortiz, Raúl de Pablo Sánchez, Jesús Emilio Barrueco-Francioni, Lorena Forcelledo Espina, José, M Bonell-Goytisolo, Iñigo, Salaverria, Antonia Socias Mir, Emilio, Rodriguez-Ruiz, Virginia Hidalgo Valverde, Patricia Jimeno Cubero, Francisca Arbol Linde, Nieves Cruza Leganes, Juan Maria Romeu, Pablo, Concha, José Angel Berezo-Garcia, Virginia, Fraile, Cristina, Cuenca-Rubio, David, Pérez-Torres, Ainhoa, Serrano, Clara Martínez Valero, Andrea Ortiz Suner, Leire, Larrañaga, Noemi, Legaristi, Gerardo, Ferrigno, Safa, Khlafalla, Rosita, Bihariesingh-Sanchit, Hallands, Sjukhus, Frank, Zoerner, Jonathan, Grip, Kristina, Kilsand, Johan, Mårtensson, Jonas, Österlind, Akademiska, Sjukhuset, Magnus von Seth, Västerviks, Sjukhus, Johan, Berkius, Samuele, Ceruti, Andrea, Glotta, Seval, Izdes, Işıl Özkoçak Turan, Ahmet, Cosar, Burcin, Halacli, Necla, Dereli, Mehmet, Yilmaz, Türkay, Akbas, Gülseren, Elay, Selin, Eyüpoğlu, Yelíz, Bílír, Kemal Tolga Saraçoğlu, Ebru, Kaya, Ayca Sultan Sahin, Pervin Korkmaz Ekren, Tuğçe, Mengi, Kezban Ozmen Suner, Yakup, Tomak, Ahmet, Eroglu, Asad, Alsabbah, Katie, Hanlon, Kevin, Gervin, Sean, Mcmahon, Samantha, Hagan, Caroline, V Higenbottam, Randeep, Mullhi, Lottie, Poulton, Tomasz, Torlinski, Allen, Gareth, Nick, Truman, Gopal, Vijayakumar, Chris, Hall, Alasdair, Jubb, Lenka, Cagova, Nicola, Jones, Sam, Graham, Nicole, Robin, Amanda, Cowton, Adrian, Donnelly, Natalia, Singatullina, Melanie, Kent, Carole, Boulanger, Zoë, Campbell, Elizabeth, Potter, Natalie, Duric, Tamas, Szakmany, Royal, Brompton, Orinta, Kviatkovske, Nandor, Marczin, Caroline, Ellis, Rajnish, Saha, Chunda, Sri-Chandana, John, Allan, Lana, Mumelj, Harish, Venkatesh, Vera Nina Gotz, Anthony, Cochrane, Barbara, Ficial, Shruthi, Kamble, Nuttha, Lumlertgul, Christopher, Oddy, Susan, Jain, Giulia Beatrice Crapelli, Aikaterini, Vlachou, David, Golden, Sweyn, Garrioch, Jeremy, Henning, Gupta, Loveleena, Miriam, Davey, Lina, Grauslyte, Erika, Salciute-Simene, Martin, Cook, Danny, Barling, Phil, Broadhurst, Sarah, Purvis, Michael, Spivey, Benjamin, Shuker, Irina, Grecu, Daniel, Harding, James, T Dean, Nathan, D Nielsen, Sama, Al-Bayati, Mohammed, Al-Sadawi, Mariane, Charron, Peter, Stubenrauch, Jairo, Santanilla, Catherine, Wentowski, Dorothea, Rosenberger, Polikseni, Eksarko, Randeep, Jawa, Intensive care medicine, ACS - Microcirculation, ACS - Diabetes & metabolism, AII - Infectious diseases, Conway Morris, Andrew [0000-0002-3211-3216], Kohler, Katharina [0000-0003-1919-0193], De Corte, Thomas [0000-0001-5011-6640], Ercole, Ari [0000-0001-8350-8093], De Grooth, Harm-Jan [0000-0002-7499-076X], Elbers, Paul WG [0000-0003-0447-6893], Povoa, Pedro [0000-0002-7069-7304], Morais, Rui [0000-0003-4114-6949], Koulenti, Despoina [0000-0003-4364-2612], Jog, Sameer [0000-0002-1134-1260], Nielsen, Nathan [0000-0002-3131-7540], Jubb, Alasdair [0000-0001-5593-866X], Cecconi, Maurizio [0000-0002-4376-6538], De Waele, Jan [0000-0003-1017-9748], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, UCL - SSS/DDUV/GECE - Génétique cellulaire, UCL - (SLuc) Service de soins intensifs, Conway Morris A., Kohler K., De Corte T., Ercole A., De Grooth H.-J., Elbers P.W.G., Povoa P., Morais R., Koulenti D., Jog S., Nielsen N., Jubb A., Cecconi M., De Waele J., Bezzi M., Gira A., Eller P., Hamid T., Haque I.U., De Buyser W., Cudia A., De Backer D., Foulon P., Collin V., Van Hecke J., De Waele E., Van Malderen C., Mesland J.-B., Piagnerelli M., Haentjens L., De Schryver N., Van Leemput J., Vanhove P., Bulpa P., Ilieva V., Katz D., Geagea A., Binnie A., Tirapegui F., Lago G., Graf J., Perez-Araos R., Vargas P., Martinez F., Labarca E., Franco D.M., Parra-Tanoux D., Reyes L.F., Yepes D., Peris F., Stipic S.S., Burgos C.V.C., Boada P.R.N., Brun J.L.B., Ballesteros J.P.P., Hammouda A., Elmandouh O., Azzam A., Hussein A.M., Galal I., Awad A.K., Azab M.A., Abdalla M., Assal H., Alfishawy M., Ghozy S., Tharwat S., Eldaly A., Reinhard V., Chrisment A., Poyat C., Badie J., Ferrari F.B., Weiss B., Kuhn K.F., Grunow J.J., Lorenz M., Schaller S., Spieth P., Bota M., Fichtner F., Fuest K., Lahmer T., Herrmann J., Meybohm P., Markou N., Vasileiadou G., Chrysanthopoulou E., Papamichalis P., Soultati I., Kalvit K., Myatra S.N., Krupa I., Tharwat A., Nichol A., McCarthy A., Mahmoodpoor A., Tonetti T., Isoni P., Spadaro S., Volta C.A., Mirabella L., Noto A., Florio G., Guzzardella A., Paleari C., Baccanelli F., Savi M., Antonelli M., Vaccarini B., Montrucchio G., Sales G., Donadello K., Gottin L., Polati E., De Rosa S., Sulemanji D., Abusalama A., Elhadi M., De Jesus M.F., Gonzalez D.R., Canedo N., Chavez A.E., Dendane T., Grady B., de Jong B., van der Heiden E., Thoral P., van den Bogaard B., Spronk P.E., Achterberg S., Groeneveld M., So R.K.L., de Wijs C., Scholten H., Beishuizen A., Cornet A.D., Reidinga A.C., Kranen H., Mensink R., Boer S., de Groot M., Beck O., Bethlehem C., van Bussel B., Frenzel T., de Jong C., Wilting R., Kesecioglu J., Mehagnoul-Schipper J., Alasia D., Kumar A., Qayyum A., Rana M., Jayyab M.A., Sierra R.Q., Hernandez A.M., Taborda L., Ramires T., Silva C., Roriz C., Patricio P., Santos M.L., Costa V., Cunha P., Goncalves C., Nunes S., Camoes J., Adriao D., Oliveira A., Omrani A., Al Maslamani M., elbuzidi A.S., Al qudah B.M., Akkari A.R., Alkhatteb M., Baiou A., Husain A., Alwraidat M., Saif I.A., Bakdach D., Ahmed A., Aleef M., Bintaher A., Petrisor C., Popov E., Popova K., Dementienko M., Teplykh B., Pyregov A., Davydova L., Vladislav B., Neporada E., Zverev I., Meshchaninova S., Sokolov D., Gavrilova E., Shlyk I., Poliakov I., B?aco?a M., Aljuhani O., Alkhalaf A., Humaid F.B., Arabi Y., Kuhail A., Elrabi O., Alghnam M., Kansal A., Ho V.K., Ng J., Garcia R.R., Fraga X.T., del Pilar Garcia-Bonillo M., Padilla-Serrano A., Cuadrado M.M., Ferrando C., Catalan-Monzon I., Galarza L., Frutos-Vivar F., Jimenez J., Rodriguez-Solis C., Franquesa-Gonzalez E., Acosta G.P., Cabrera L.S., Parra J.P.A., Gonzalez F.M., del Carmen Lorente Conesa M., Varela I.Y.M., Pravia O.V.B., Delgado M.C.M., de Cabo C.M., Ioan A.-M., Perez-Calvo C., Santos A., Abad-Motos A., Ripolles-Melchor J., Martin B.C., Teruel S.Y., Lucas J.H., Ortiz A.B., de Pablo Sanchez R., Barrueco-Francioni J.E., Espina L.F., Bonell-Goytisolo J.M., Salaverria I., Mir A.S., Rodriguez-Ruiz E., Valverde V.H., Cubero P.J., Linde F.A., Leganes N.C., Romeu J.M., Concha P., Berezo-Garcia J.A., Fraile V., Cuenca-Rubio C., Perez-Torres D., Serrano A., Valero C.M., Suner A.O., Larranaga L., Legaristi N., Ferrigno G., Khlafalla S., Bihariesingh-Sanchit R., Zoerner F., Grip J., Kilsand K., Osterlind J., von Seth M., Berkius J., Ceruti S., Glotta A., Izdes S., Turan I.O., Cosar A., Halacli B., Dereli N., Yilmaz M., Akbas T., Elay G., Eyupoglu S., Bilir Y., Saracoglu K.T., Kaya E., Sahin A.S., Ekren P.K., Mengi T., Suner K.O., Tomak Y., Eroglu A., Alsabbah A., Hanlon K., Gervin K., McMahon S., Hagan S., Higenbottam C.V., Mullhi R., Poulton L., Torlinski T., Gareth A., Truman N., Vijayakumar G., Hall C., Cagova L., Jones N., Graham S., Robin N., Cowton A., Donnelly A., Singatullina N., Kent M., Boulanger C., Campbell Z., Potter E., Duric N., Szakmany T., Kviatkovske O., Marczin N., Ellis C., Saha R., Sri-Chandana C., Allan J., Mumelj L., Venkatesh H., Gotz V.N., Cochrane A., Lumlertgul N., Ficial B., Jain S., Crapelli G.B., Vlachou A., Golden D., Garrioch S., Henning J., Loveleena G., Davey M., Grauslyte L., Salciute-Simene E., Cook M., Barling D., Broadhurst P., Purvis S., Michael S., Shuker B., Grecu I., Harding D., Dean J.T., Nielsen N.D., Al-Bayati S., Al-Sadawi M., Charron M., Stubenrauch P., Santanilla J., Wentowski C., Rosenberger D., Eksarko P., and Jawa R.

Subjects
Adult, Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), Critical Illness, Intensive Care Unit, Pneumonia, Viral, NCT04836065, Adrenal Cortex Hormone, Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine, co-infection, COVID-19 Testing, Adrenal Cortex Hormones, Anti-Bacterial Agent, Medicine and Health Sciences, Pneumonia, Bacterial, Humans, Pandemics, Pandemic, Coinfection, Research, Other Research Radboud Institute for Health Sciences [Radboudumc 0], respiratory failure, COVID-19, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Intensive Care Units, NCT, ICU, Critical Illne, Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), co-infection, ICU, respiratory failure, Human
Abstract

Funder: European Society of Intensive Care Medicine; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100013347, BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic presented major challenges for critical care facilities worldwide. Infections which develop alongside or subsequent to viral pneumonitis are a challenge under sporadic and pandemic conditions; however, data have suggested that patterns of these differ between COVID-19 and other viral pneumonitides. This secondary analysis aimed to explore patterns of co-infection and intensive care unit-acquired infections (ICU-AI) and the relationship to use of corticosteroids in a large, international cohort of critically ill COVID-19 patients. METHODS: This is a multicenter, international, observational study, including adult patients with PCR-confirmed COVID-19 diagnosis admitted to ICUs at the peak of wave one of COVID-19 (February 15th to May 15th, 2020). Data collected included investigator-assessed co-infection at ICU admission, infection acquired in ICU, infection with multi-drug resistant organisms (MDRO) and antibiotic use. Frequencies were compared by Pearson's Chi-squared and continuous variables by Mann-Whitney U test. Propensity score matching for variables associated with ICU-acquired infection was undertaken using R library MatchIT using the "full" matching method. RESULTS: Data were available from 4994 patients. Bacterial co-infection at admission was detected in 716 patients (14%), whilst 85% of patients received antibiotics at that stage. ICU-AI developed in 2715 (54%). The most common ICU-AI was bacterial pneumonia (44% of infections), whilst 9% of patients developed fungal pneumonia; 25% of infections involved MDRO. Patients developing infections in ICU had greater antimicrobial exposure than those without such infections. Incident density (ICU-AI per 1000 ICU days) was in considerable excess of reports from pre-pandemic surveillance. Corticosteroid use was heterogenous between ICUs. In univariate analysis, 58% of patients receiving corticosteroids and 43% of those not receiving steroids developed ICU-AI. Adjusting for potential confounders in the propensity-matched cohort, 71% of patients receiving corticosteroids developed ICU-AI vs 52% of those not receiving corticosteroids. Duration of corticosteroid therapy was also associated with development of ICU-AI and infection with an MDRO. CONCLUSIONS: In patients with severe COVID-19 in the first wave, co-infection at admission to ICU was relatively rare but antibiotic use was in substantial excess to that indication. ICU-AI were common and were significantly associated with use of corticosteroids. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04836065 (retrospectively registered April 8th 2021)., European Society of Intensive Care Medicine ACM is supported by a Clinician Scientist Fellowship from the Medical Research Council (MR/V006118/1)

Published
2022
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32. Tiempos Turbulentos.Giros políticos y horizontes inciertos en América Latina1

Author

P., Juan Pablo Paredes, Tatagiba, Luciana, and Gallegos, Franklin Ramírez

Abstract

V21| N61| 2022 Editorial En una influyente compilación de inicios del nuevo siglo, Dagnino, Olvera y Panfichi (2006), afirmaron que gran parte de la lucha política en curso en América Latina giraba en torno a modelos alternativos de democracia, en lo que llamaron “la disputa por la cuestión de- mocrática”. Veinte años después, es posible decir que el panorama es más complejo dada la intensificación del conflicto sociopolítico en la región y sus impactos en los patrones de relación entre el Es...

Published
2022

33. CHILOÉ EN LA GUERRA HISPANO-SUDAMERICANA: MEMORIA HISPÁNICA Y NACIONALIDAD EN EL SUR DE CHILE, 1864-1866

Author

Pablo Paredes Navarro

Subjects
History, education.field_of_study, Sociology and Political Science, media_common.quotation_subject, Population, Armed conflict, Identity (social science), Context (language use), Independence, Royalist, Political science, education, Humanities, media_common
Abstract

espanolLa provincia de Chiloe, ultimo bastion realista de Chiledurante la guerra de independencia, aparece entre 1864 y 1866 como escenario de un nuevo enfrentamiento entre su antigua y su nueva autoridad. En este marco, el objetivo de este estudio es analizar, a partir de fuentes documentales espanolas y chilenas, las caracteristicas de identidad y lealtadnacional de su poblacion durante este conflicto armado EnglishThe province of Chiloe,last royalist stronghold in Chileduring the independence war, appears between 1864 and 1866 as sceneryof a new armed conflict between its old and new authority. In this context, the objective of this study is to analyze, from documentary Spanish and Chilean sources, the characteristics of identity and national loyalty of its population during this episode

Published
2021
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34. ¿No es la forma? La contribución político-cultural de las luchas estudiantiles a la emergencia del largo octubre chileno

Author

Katia Valenzuela Fuentes and Juan Pablo Paredes

Subjects
General Materials Science
Abstract

El trabajo plantea, a partir de la movilizacion estudiantil chilena en mas de una decada, un analisis de su injerencia en la revuelta iniciada en octubre 2019. Sobre la base de materiales de investigaciones previas, se analizan tres coyunturas polemicas: la rebelion pinguina de 2006, el movimiento estudiantil de 2011 y el movimiento feminista de 2018, para definir sus alcances culturales. Se concluye identificando consecuencias culturales en la subjetividad, en los estilos de protesta, en las reglas del sentir y en la economia moral de la ciudadania, que generaron condiciones politico-culturales favorables para la coyuntura critica de octubre

Published
2020
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35. Modelling energy performance using a new hybrid DE/MARS–based approach for fossil-fuel thermal power stations

Author

Esperanza García Gonzalo, José Pablo Paredes Sánchez, Paulino José García Nieto, and Antonio Bernardo Sánchez

Subjects
Energy-Generating Resources, Fossil Fuels, Power station, business.industry, Energy management, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, Fossil fuel, Thermal power station, General Medicine, Carbon Dioxide, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, Pollution, Renewable energy, Electricity generation, Electricity, Environmental Chemistry, Environmental science, Energy supply, Process engineering, business, Power Plants, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Efficient energy use
Abstract

Despite their environmental impact, fossil-fuel power plants are still commonly used due to their high capacity and relatively low cost compared to renewable energy sources. The aim of this paper is to assess the performance of such energy systems as a key element within a fossil-fuel energy supply network. The methodology relies on fossil-fuel power plant modelling to define an optimal energy management level. However, it can be difficult to model the energy management of thermal power stations (TPS). Therefore, this paper shows an energy efficiency model found on a new hybrid algorithm that is a combination of multivariate adaptive regression splines (MARS) and differential evolution (DE) to estimate net annual electricity generation (NAEG) and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions (CDE) from economic and performance variables in thermal power plants. This technique requires the DE optimisation of the MARS hyperparameters during the development of the training process. In addition to successfully forecast net annual electricity generation (NAEG) and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions (CDE) (coefficients of determination with a value of 0.9803 and 0.9895, respectively), the mathematical model used in this work can determine the importance of each economic and energy parameter to characterize the behaviour of thermal power stations.

Published
2020
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36. Calm Commute

Author

Pablo Paredes, Matthew Louis Mauriello, James A. Landay, Stephanie Balters, and So Yeon Park

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Stress management, 020205 medical informatics, Respiratory rate, Computer Networks and Communications, 05 social sciences, Psychological intervention, Diaphragmatic breathing, 02 engineering and technology, Arousal, Human-Computer Interaction, Physical medicine and rehabilitation, Hardware and Architecture, Intervention (counseling), 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Breathing, medicine, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Psychology, 050107 human factors, Haptic technology
Abstract

Commutes provide an opportune time and space for interventions that mitigate stress-particularly stress accumulated during the workday. In this study, we test the efficacy and safety of haptic guided slow breathing interventions of short duration while driving. We also present design and experimental implications for evolving these interventions from prior simulator to moving vehicle scenarios. We ran a controlled study (N=24) testing a haptic guided breathing system in a closed circuit under normal and stressful driving conditions. Results show the intervention to be successful in both user adoption and system effectiveness with an 82% rate of engagement in intervention and clear reduction of breathing rate and physiological arousal, with no effect on driving safety and minimal effect on performance. The haptic intervention received positive acceptance from the participants: all indicated a willingness to engage with the intervention in the future and all rated the intervention as safe for traffic applications. The results of this study encourage further investigations exploring the use of the intervention on public roads and monitoring for longitudinal health benefits.

Published
2020
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37. Clinical and organizational factors associated with mortality during the peak of first COVID-19 wave

Author

Greco, Massimiliano, De Corte, Thomas, Ercole, Ari, Antonelli, Massimo, Azoulay, Elie, Citerio, Giuseppe, Morris, Andy Conway, De Pascale, Gennaro, Duska, Frantisek, Elbers, Paul, Einav, Sharon, Forni, Lui, Galarza, Laura, Girbes, Armand R J, Grasselli, Giacomo, Gusarov, Vitaly, Jubb, Alasdair, Kesecioglu, Jozef, Lavinio, Andrea, Delgado, Maria Cruz Martin, Mellinghoff, Johannes, Myatra, Sheila Nainan, Ostermann, Marlies, Pellegrini, Mariangela, Povoa, Pedro, Schaller, Stefan J, Teboul, Jean-Louis, Wong, Adrian, De Waele, Jan J, Cecconi, Maurizio, Marco, Bezzi, Alicia, Gira, Philipp, Eller, Tarikul, Hamid, Injamam Ull Haque, Wim De Buyser, Antonella, Cudia, Daniel De Backer, Pierre, Foulon, Vincent, Collin, Jan De Waele, Jolien Van Hecke, Elisabeth De Waele, Claire Van Malderen, Jean-Baptiste, Mesland, Patrick, Biston, Michael, Piagnerelli, Lionel, Haentjens, Nicolas De Schryver, Jan Van Leemput, Philippe, Vanhove, Pierre, Bulpa, Viktoria, Ilieva, David, Katz, Alexandra, Binnie, Anna, Geagea, Fernando, Tirapegui, Gustavo, Lago, Jerónimo, Graf, Rodrigo, Perez-Araos, Patricio, Vargas, Felipe, Martinez, Eduardo, Labarca, Daniel Molano Franco, Daniela, Parra-Tanoux, Luis Felipe Reyes, David, Yepes, Filip, Periš, Sanda Stojanović Stipić, Cynthia Vanessa Campozano Burgos, Paulo Roberto Navas Boada, Jose Luis Barberan Brun, Juan Pablo Paredes Ballesteros, Gamal, Abdelnasser, Ahmed, Hammouda, Omar, Elmandouh, Ahmed, Azzam, Aliae Mohamed Hussein, Islam, Galal, Awad, Ahmed K., Azab, Mohammed A., Maged, Abdalla, Hebatallah, Assal, Mostafa, Alfishawy, Sherief, Ghozy, Samar, Tharwat, Abdullah, Eldaly, Anneli, Ellervee, Veronika, Reinhard, Anne, Chrisment, Chrystelle, Poyat, Julio, Badie, Fernando Berdaguer Ferrari, Björn, Weiss, Clara, Schellenberg, Grunow, Julius J., Marco, Lorenz, Schaller, Stefan J., Peter, Spieth, Marc, Bota, Falk, Fichtner, Kristina, Fuest, Tobias, Lahmer, Johannes, Herrmann, Patrick, Meybohm, Nikolaos, Markou, Georgia, Vasileiadou, Evangelia, Chrysanthopoulou, Panagiotis, Papamichalis, Ioanna, Soultati, Sameer, Jog, Kushal, Kalvit, Sheila Nainan Myatra, Ivan, Krupa, Aisa, Tharwat, Alistair, Nichol, Aine, Mccarthy, Ata, Mahmoodpoor, Tommaso, Tonetti, Paolo, Isoni, Savino, Spadaro, Carlo Alberto Volta, Lucia, Mirabella, Alberto, Noto, Gaetano, Florio, Amedeo, Guzzardella, Chiara, Paleari, Federica, Baccanelli, Marzia, Savi, Massimo, Antonelli, Gennaro De Pascale, San, Luca, Barbara, Vaccarini, Giorgia, Montrucchio, Gabriele, Sales, Donadello, Katia, Leonardo, Gottin, Marta, Nizzero, Enrico, Polati, De Rosa, Silvia, Demet, Sulemanji, Abdurraouf, Abusalama, Muhammed, Elhadi, Montelongo De FelipeJesus, Daniel Rodriguez Gonzalez, Victor Hugo Madrigal Robles, Nancy, Canedo, Alejandro Esquivel Chavez, Tarek, Dendane, Bart, Grady, Ben de Jong, Eveline van der Heiden, Patrick, Thoral, Bas van den Bogaard, Spronk, Peter E., Sefanja, Achterberg, Melanie, Groeneveld, Ralph K. L., So, Calvin de Wijs, Harm, Scholten, Albertus, Beishuizen, Cornet, Alexander D., Reidinga, Auke C., Hetty, Kranen, Roos, Mensink, Spaarne, Gasthuis, Sylvia den Boer, Marcel de Groot, Oliver, Beck, Carina, Bethlehem, Bas van Bussel, Tim, Frenzel, Celestine de Jong, Rob, Wilting, Jozef, Kesecioglu, Jannet, Mehagnoul-Schipper, Datonye, Alasia, Ashok, Kumar, Ahad, Qayyum, Muhammad, Rana, Mustafa Abu Jayyab, Rosario Quispe Sierra, Aaron Mark Hernandez, José de Almeida, Lúcia, Taborda, Mónica, Anselmo, Tiago, Ramires, Catarina, Silva, Carolina, Roriz, Rui, Morais, Pedro, Póvoa, Patricia, Patricio, André, Pinto, Maria Lurdes Santos, Vasco, Costa, Pedro, Cunha, Celina, Gonçalves, Sandra, Nunes, João, Camões, Diana, Adrião, Ana, Oliveira, Ali, Omrani, Muna Al Maslamani, Abdurrahmaan Suei elbuzidi, Bara Mahmoud Al qudah, Abdel Rauof Akkari, Mohamed, Alkhatteb, Anas, Baiou, Ahmed, Husain, Mohamed, Alwraidat, Ibrahim Abdulsalam Saif, Dana, Bakdach, Amna, Ahmed, Mohamed, Aleef, Awadh, Bintaher, Cristina, Petrisor, Evgeniy, Popov, Ksenia, Popova, Mariia, Dementienko, Boris, Teplykh, Alexey, Pyregov, Liubov, Davydova, Belskii, Vladislav, Elena, Neporada, Ivan, Zverev, Svetlana, Meshchaninova, Dmitry, Sokolov, Elena, Gavrilova, Irina, Shlyk, Igor, Poliakov, Marina, Vlasova, Ohoud, Aljuhani, Amina, Alkhalaf, Felwa Bin Humaid, Yaseen, Arabi, Ahmed, Kuhail, Omar, Elrabi, Ghannam, Madihah E., Ng Teng Fong, Amit, Kansal, Vui Kian Ho, Jensen, Ng, Raquel Rodrígez García, Xiana Taboada Fraga, Mª del Pilar García-Bonillo, Antonio, Padilla-Serrano, Marta Martin Cuadrado, Carlos, Ferrando, Ignacio, Catalan-Monzon, Laura, Galarza, Fernando, Frutos-Vivar, Jorge, Jimenez, Carmen, Rodríguez-Solis, Enric, Franquesa-Gonzalez, Guillermo Pérez Acosta, Luciano Santana Cabrera, Juan Pablo Aviles Parra, Francisco Muñoyerro Gonzalez, Maria del Carmen Lorente Conesa, Ignacio Yago Martinez Varela, Orville Victoriano Baez Pravia, Maria Cruz Martin Delgado, Carlos Munoz de Cabo, Ana-Maria, Ioan, Cesar, Perez-Calvo, Arnoldo, Santos, Ane, Abad-Motos, Javier, Ripolles-Melchor, Belén Civantos Martin, Santiago Yus Teruel, Juan Higuera Lucas, Aaron Blandino Ortiz, Raúl de Pablo Sánchez, Jesús Emilio Barrueco-Francioni, Lorena Forcelledo Espina, Bonell-Goytisolo, José M., Iñigo, Salaverria, Antonia Socias Mir, Emilio, Rodriguez-Ruiz, Virginia Hidalgo Valverde, Patricia Jimeno Cubero, Francisca Arbol Linde, Nieves Cruza Leganes, Juan Maria Romeu, Pablo, Concha, José Angel Berezo-Garcia, Virginia, Fraile, Cristina, Cuenca-Rubio, David, Pérez-Torres, Ainhoa, Serrano, Clara Martínez Valero, Andrea Ortiz Suner, Leire, Larrañaga, Noemi, Legaristi, Gerardo, Ferrigno, Safa, Khlafalla, Rosita, Bihariesingh-Sanchit, Hallands, Sjukhus, Frank, Zoerner, Jonathan, Grip, Kristina, Kilsand, Johan, Mårtensson, Jonas, Österlind, Akademiska, Sjukhuset, Magnus von Seth, Västerviks, Sjukhus, Johan, Berkius, Samuele, Ceruti, Andrea, Glotta, Seval, Izdes, Işıl Özkoçak Turan, Ahmet, Cosar, Burcin, Halacli, Necla, Dereli, Mehmet, Yilmaz, Türkay, Akbas, Gülseren, Elay, Selin, Eyüpoğlu, Yelíz, Bílír, Kemal Tolga Saraçoğlu, Ebru, Kaya, Ayca Sultan Sahin, Pervin Korkmaz Ekren, Tuğçe, Mengi, Kezban Ozmen Suner, Yakup, Tomak, Ahmet, Eroglu, Asad, Alsabbah, Katie, Hanlon, Kevin, Gervin, Sean, Mcmahon, Samantha, Hagan, Higenbottam, Caroline V., Randeep, Mullhi, Lottie, Poulton, Tomasz, Torlinski, Allen, Gareth, Nick, Truman, Gopal, Vijayakumar, Chris, Hall, Alasdair, Jubb, Lenka, Cagova, Nicola, Jones, Sam, Graham, Nicole, Robin, Amanda, Cowton, Adrian, Donnelly, Natalia, Singatullina, Melanie, Kent, Carole, Boulanger, Zoë, Campbell, Elizabeth, Potter, Natalie, Duric, Tamas, Szakmany, Royal, Brompton, Orinta, Kviatkovske, Nandor, Marczin, Caroline, Ellis, Rajnish, Saha, Chunda, Sri-Chandana, John, Allan, Lana, Mumelj, Harish, Venkatesh, Vera Nina Gotz, Anthony, Cochrane, Barbara, Ficial, Shruthi, Kamble, Nuttha, Lumlertgul, Christopher, Oddy, Susan, Jain, Giulia Beatrice Crapelli, Aikaterini, Vlachou, David, Golden, Sweyn, Garrioch, Jeremy, Henning, Gupta, Loveleena, Miriam, Davey, Lina, Grauslyte, Erika, Salciute-Simene, Martin, Cook, Danny, Barling, Phil, Broadhurst, Sarah, Purvis, Michael, Spivey, Benjamin, Shuker, Irina, Grecu, Daniel, Harding, Dean, James T., Nielsen, Nathan D., Sama, Al-Bayati, Mohammed, Al-Sadawi, Mariane, Charron, Peter, Stubenrauch, Jairo, Santanilla, Catherine, Wentowski, Dorothea, Rosenberger, Polikseni, Eksarko, and Randeep Jawa, Greco, Massimiliano [0000-0003-1003-4637], De Corte, Thomas [0000-0001-5011-6640], Ercole, Ari [0000-0001-8350-8093], Antonelli, Massimo [0000-0003-3007-1670], Azoulay, Elie [0000-0002-8162-1508], Citerio, Giuseppe [0000-0002-5374-3161], Morris, Andy Conway [0000-0002-3211-3216], De Pascale, Gennaro [0000-0002-8255-0676], Duska, Frantisek [0000-0003-1559-4078], Elbers, Paul [0000-0003-0447-6893], Einav, Sharon [0000-0001-8963-9633], Forni, Lui [0000-0002-0617-5309], Galarza, Laura [0000-0002-4658-748X], Girbes, Armand RJ [0000-0002-0711-0494], Grasselli, Giacomo [0000-0002-1735-1400], Gusarov, Vitaly [0000-0002-2900-1459], Jubb, Alasdair [0000-0001-5593-866X], Kesecioglu, Jozef [0000-0002-3007-8445], Lavinio, Andrea [0000-0002-8832-918X], Delgado, Maria Cruz Martin [0000-0002-7468-4594], Mellinghoff, Johannes [0000-0002-5455-8953], Myatra, Sheila Nainan [0000-0001-6761-163X], Ostermann, Marlies [0000-0001-9500-9080], Pellegrini, Mariangela [0000-0001-5668-7399], Povoa, Pedro [0000-0002-7069-7304], Schaller, Stefan J [0000-0002-6683-9584], Teboul, Jean-Louis [0000-0002-5748-7820], Wong, Adrian [0000-0003-4968-7328], De Waele, Jan J [0000-0003-1017-9748], Cecconi, Maurizio [0000-0002-4376-6538], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, Intensive care medicine, ACS - Diabetes & metabolism, AII - Infectious diseases, Greco, M, De Corte, T, Ercole, A, Antonelli, M, Azoulay, E, Citerio, G, Morris, A, De Pascale, G, Duska, F, Elbers, P, Einav, S, Forni, L, Galarza, L, Girbes, A, Grasselli, G, Gusarov, V, Jubb, A, Kesecioglu, J, Lavinio, A, Delgado, M, Mellinghoff, J, Myatra, S, Ostermann, M, Pellegrini, M, Povoa, P, Schaller, S, Teboul, J, Wong, A, De Waele, J, Cecconi, M, UCL - SSS/DDUV/GECE - Génétique cellulaire, UCL - (SLuc) Service de soins intensifs, investigators, ESICM UNITE-COVID, Girbes, Armand R. J. [0000-0002-0711-0494], Schaller, Stefan J. [0000-0002-6683-9584], and De Waele, Jan J. [0000-0003-1017-9748]

Subjects
Adult, Anestesi och intensivvård, Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Original, SARS-CoV-2, Critical Illness, Other Research Radboud Institute for Health Sciences [Radboudumc 0], ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY, COVID-19, CORONAVIRUS DISEASE 2019, Pneumonia, Acute Kidney Injury, Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine, Respiration, Artificial, Surge capacity, Critical care, Intensive Care Units, Settore MED/41 - ANESTESIOLOGIA, Medicine and Health Sciences, Humans, CRITICALLY-ILL PATIENTS
Abstract

Purpose To accommodate the unprecedented number of critically ill patients with pneumonia caused by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) expansion of the capacity of intensive care unit (ICU) to clinical areas not previously used for critical care was necessary. We describe the global burden of COVID-19 admissions and the clinical and organizational characteristics associated with outcomes in critically ill COVID-19 patients. Methods Multicenter, international, point prevalence study, including adult patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and a diagnosis of COVID-19 admitted to ICU between February 15th and May 15th, 2020. Results 4994 patients from 280 ICUs in 46 countries were included. Included ICUs increased their total capacity from 4931 to 7630 beds, deploying personnel from other areas. Overall, 1986 (39.8%) patients were admitted to surge capacity beds. Invasive ventilation at admission was present in 2325 (46.5%) patients and was required during ICU stay in 85.8% of patients. 60-day mortality was 33.9% (IQR across units: 20%-50%) and ICU mortality 32.7%. Older age, invasive mechanical ventilation, and acute kidney injury (AKI) were associated with increased mortality. These associations were also confirmed specifically in mechanically ventilated patients. Admission to surge capacity beds was not associated with mortality, even after controlling for other factors. Conclusions ICUs responded to the increase in COVID-19 patients by increasing bed availability and staff, admitting up to 40% of patients in surge capacity beds. Although mortality in this population was high, admission to a surge capacity bed was not associated with increased mortality. Older age, invasive mechanical ventilation, and AKI were identified as the strongest predictors of mortality. Correction in: Intensive Care Medicine, vol. 48, issue 8, pages 1130-1131.DOI: 10.1007/s00134-022-06801-2

Published
2022
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38. Brief Announcement: Computing Power of Hybrid Models in Synchronous Networks

Author

Pierre Fraigniaud and Pedro Montealegre and Pablo Paredes and Ivan Rapaport and Martín Ríos-Wilson and Ioan Todinca, Fraigniaud, Pierre, Montealegre, Pedro, Paredes, Pablo, Rapaport, Ivan, Ríos-Wilson, Martín, Todinca, Ioan, Pierre Fraigniaud and Pedro Montealegre and Pablo Paredes and Ivan Rapaport and Martín Ríos-Wilson and Ioan Todinca, Fraigniaud, Pierre, Montealegre, Pedro, Paredes, Pablo, Rapaport, Ivan, Ríos-Wilson, Martín, and Todinca, Ioan

Abstract

During the last two decades, a small set of distributed computing models for networks have emerged, among which LOCAL, CONGEST, and Broadcast Congested Clique (BCC) play a prominent role. We consider hybrid models resulting from combining these three models. That is, we analyze the computing power of models allowing to, say, perform a constant number of rounds of CONGEST, then a constant number of rounds of LOCAL, then a constant number of rounds of BCC, possibly repeating this figure a constant number of times. We specifically focus on 2-round models, and we establish the complete picture of the relative powers of these models. That is, for every pair of such models, we determine whether one is (strictly) stronger than the other, or whether the two models are incomparable.

Published
2022
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39. Bioenergy as an Environmental Alternative in Energy Systems: A Case Study

Author

Carlos Ujados Lorenzo, José Pablo Paredes Sánchez, Guillermo Laine Cuervo, and Jorge Xiberta Bernat

Subjects
biomass, biofuel, greenhouse gasses, General Works
Abstract

The growing decrease of traditional fuels leads to the development of a new energy model. Biomass poses as an energy alternative that can substitute fossil fuels. In this context, this work aims to study the necessities and possible solutions in biomass production for conventional energy systems in populated-industrial environments. The methodology applied evaluates the use of biomass by collecting both the integrity of the management process and the transformation of the existing resources to start up bioenergy plants for domestic and industrial markets. The results show both the energetical and environmental importance that biomass shows in said locations in terms of reducing Greenhouse Gasses (GHG) and the development of future environmentally sustainable systems through energy-renewable projects.

Published
2018
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40. Integration of the Iberian Natural Gas Infrastructure into the European Energy Transition to Renewable Sources

Author

Pablo Fernández Fernández, Jose Pablo Paredes Sánchez, and Jorge Xiberta Bernat

Subjects
optimization, natural gas, transport infrastructure, planning, General Works
Abstract

The natural gas is broadly envisaged as a transition fuel in the energy decarbonisation. However, demand scenarios to 2050 differs largely depending on the share captured in the power generation and transport sectors. In such an uncertain context, an intertemporal spatial equilibrium model is implemented, to optimize the deployment of the future EU infrastructures over the period 2015-2050. The Iberian sub region is emphasized, so that the role of its regasification capacity and the interconnection with the rest of the EU is stated. As a result, additional investments on regasification plants are not required, provided that the EU- Iberian interconnection is properly expanded, in line with the planned project MIDCAT.

Published
2018
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41. Análisis de la situación de las matronas y necesidad de medir sus cargas de trabajo

Author

Lorena Gómez García, Ana Myriam Seva Llor, María Fuensanta Hellín Gil, María Dolores Roldán Valcárcel, Pablo Paredes Cerezo, Esperanza de la Iglesia Cano, Guadalupe Ruiz Merino, and Francisco Javier Navarro Guerrero

Subjects
General Nursing
Abstract

RESUMEN Objetivo: Analizar la situación laboral de las matronas y detectar sus necesidades de medición de cargas de trabajo. Métodos: Estudio de metodología mixta (cuantitativo y cualitativo), observacional, descriptivo y transversal. Se realizaron dos fases: La primera fase metodológica, consistió en la realización de entrevistas individuales semiestructuradas. Y en la segunda fase metodológica, se analizaron las intervenciones de enfermería (NIC) que las matronas efectúan en paritorio durante su jornada asistencial. Resultados: El 90,3% de las matronas presentan sobrecarga en el trabajo, pues para el 80,6% el ratio matrona- gestante no se encuentra bien establecido; pues tiempo medio de ejecución de una intervención de enfermería (NIC), es de 20 minutos. Por ello, el 100% de la muestra considera de máxima utilidad el desarrollo de herramientas de medición de cargas de trabajo. Conclusiones: Se ratifica la necesidad de generar un instrumento que considere la diversidad de intervenciones de enfermería (NIC) que desarrollan dentro del paritorio.

Published
2022
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42. Analysis of midwives’ situation and the need to measure their workloads

Author

Lorena Gómez García, Ana Myriam Seva Llor, María Fuensanta Hellín Gil, María Dolores Roldán Valcárcel, Pablo Paredes Cerezo, Esperanza de la Iglesia Cano, Guadalupe Ruiz Merino, and Francisco Javier Navarro Guerrero

Subjects
Labor, Obstetric, Intervenções NIC, Cargas de Trabalho, Midwife, Cargas de Trabajo, Parteira, Workloads, Workload, Midwifery, Standardized Nursing Terminology, Scale, Cross-Sectional Studies, Instrumento de Medição, Escala, Pregnancy, Terminología Estandardizada Enfermería, Matrona, Humans, Burnout, Female, Qualitative Research, General Nursing
Abstract

Objective: to analyze midwives’ employment situation of midwives and detect their workload measurement needs. Methods: a mixed methodology (quantitative and qualitative), observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study. Two phases were carried out. The first methodological phase consisted of conducting semi-structured individual interviews. The second methodological phase analyzed the Nursing Intervention Classification (NIC) interventions that midwives perform in the labor room during daily practice. Results: 90.3% of midwives have work overload, since for 80.6% the midwife-pregnant mother ratio is not well established, since the mean execution time of a Nursing Intervention Classification (NIC) intervention is 20 minutes. For this reason, 100% of the sample considers the development of workload measurement tools to be highly useful. Conclusions: the need to generate an instrument that considers the diversity of Nursing Intervention Classification (NIC) interventions that develop within the labor room is ratified. RESUMO Objetivo: analisar a situação laboral das parteiras e detectar suas necessidades de mensuração da carga de trabalho. Métodos: estudo de metodologia mista (quantitativa e qualitativa), observacional, descritivo e transversal. Duas fases foram realizadas. A primeira fase metodológica consistiu na realização de entrevistas individuais semiestruturadas. A segunda fase metodológica analisou as intervenções da Classificação de Intervenção de Enfermagem (NIC) que as parteiras realizam na sala de parto durante o dia de atendimento. Resultados: 90,3% das parteiras apresentam sobrecarga de trabalho, pois, para 80,6%, a relação obstetriz-gestante não está bem estabelecida, pois o tempo médio de execução de uma intervenção Classificação de Intervenção de Enfermagem (NIC) é de 20 minutos. Por esse motivo, 100% da amostra considera muito útil o desenvolvimento de ferramentas de medição de carga de trabalho. Conclusões: ratifica-se a necessidade de gerar um instrumento que considere a diversidade de intervenções Classificação de Intervenção de Enfermagem (NIC) que se desenvolvem na sala de parto. RESUMEN Objetivo: Analizar la situación laboral de las matronas y detectar sus necesidades de medición de cargas de trabajo. Métodos: Estudio de metodología mixta (cuantitativo y cualitativo), observacional, descriptivo y transversal. Se realizaron dos fases: La primera fase metodológica, consistió en la realización de entrevistas individuales semiestructuradas. Y en la segunda fase metodológica, se analizaron las intervenciones de enfermería (NIC) que las matronas efectúan en paritorio durante su jornada asistencial. Resultados: El 90,3% de las matronas presentan sobrecarga en el trabajo, pues para el 80,6% el ratio matrona- gestante no se encuentra bien establecido; pues tiempo medio de ejecución de una intervención de enfermería (NIC), es de 20 minutos. Por ello, el 100% de la muestra considera de máxima utilidad el desarrollo de herramientas de medición de cargas de trabajo. Conclusiones: Se ratifica la necesidad de generar un instrumento que considere la diversidad de intervenciones de enfermería (NIC) que desarrollan dentro del paritorio.

Published
2022
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44. El estudio de los movimientos sociales en tiempos de crisis en América Latina. ¿Dónde estamos? ¿Hacia dónde vamos?

Author

Juan Pablo Paredes P., Miguel Urra Canales, and Cristhian Uribe Mendoza

Subjects
General Earth and Planetary Sciences, General Environmental Science
Abstract

Han pasado cuatro décadas desde que, en 1983, el sociólogo boliviano Fernando Calderón publicó su estudio inaugural sobre la “política en las calles” para referirse a una forma de política por fuera de lo institucional y que implicaba la acción colectiva de actores sociales considerados tradicionalmente “no políticos” (Calderón, 1983) —como el campesinado y el mundo indígena— en la ciudad de Cochabamba durante dos décadas (1950-1970). Cuatro años después, el mismo Calderón publicó, al alero de Clacso, su hoy clásico libro compilado Movimientos sociales ante la crisis (Calderón, 1986), en el que se constata la relevancia de los movimientos sociales en periodos de inestabilidad social y autoritarismo político. Algunos años antes, en Europa, Alain Touraine, junto a un equipo de investigadores asociados al Centro de Análisis y de Intervención Sociológicos (CADIS) en Francia, estudiaron la presencia de los movimientos sociales como actores que producen y disputan la configuración de la sociedad. Allí, Touraine desarrolló una teoría de la acción social que tenía en su centro a lo que después se denominó “nuevos movimientos sociales”, con lo cual se abre a estudiar no solo las clases sociales, sino también las luchas urbanas, estudiantiles, y de mujeres, entre otras.

Published
2022
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48. Analysis of midwives’ situation and the need to measure their workloads

Author

García, Lorena Gómez, primary, Llor, Ana Myriam Seva, additional, Gil, María Fuensanta Hellín, additional, Valcárcel, María Dolores Roldán, additional, Cerezo, Pablo Paredes, additional, Cano, Esperanza de la Iglesia, additional, Merino, Guadalupe Ruiz, additional, and Guerrero, Francisco Javier Navarro, additional

Published
2022
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49. Individualized stress detection using an unmodified car steering wheel

Author

Francisco Ordonez, Stephanie Balters, Pablo Paredes, and Nikhil Gowda

Subjects
Multidisciplinary, Computer science, Science, Natural frequency, Steering wheel, Muscle stiffness, Mass spring damper, Article, Stress (mechanics), Engineering, Risk factors, Control theory, Stress biomarkers, Stress sensing, Medicine, Signs and symptoms, Closed circuit
Abstract

In-car passive stress sensing could enable the monitoring of stress biomarkers while driving and reach millions of commuters daily (i.e., 123 million daily commuters in the US alone). Here, we present a nonintrusive method to detect stress solely from steering angle data of a regular car. The method uses inverse filtering to convert angular movement data into a biomechanical Mass Spring Damper model of the arm and extracts its damped natural frequency as an approximation of muscle stiffness, which in turn reflects stress. We ran a within-subject study (N = 22), in which commuters drove a vehicle around a closed circuit in both stress and calm conditions. As hypothesized, cohort analysis revealed a significantly higher damped natural frequency for the stress condition (P = .023, d = 0.723). Subsequent automation of the method achieved rapid (i.e., within 8 turns) stress detection in the individual with a detection accuracy of 77%.

Published
2021

50. A Suite of Mobile Conversational Agents for Daily Stress Management (Popbots): Mixed Methods Exploratory Study

Author

Nikhil Gowda, Dorien Simon, Grace Hon, Dan Jurafsky, Emmanuel Thierry Lincoln, Matthew Louis Mauriello, Parsa Nowruzi, Luke Hansen, Nathaniel H Goenawan, Joshua Kim, Nantanick Tantivasadakarn, Pablo Paredes, and Marco Antonio Mora-Mendoza

Subjects
Stress management, stress management, Applied psychology, Exploratory research, Psychological intervention, Medicine (miscellaneous), Health Informatics, computer.software_genre, Chatbot, stress, conversational agents, exploratory, Original Paper, therapy, mobile phone, support, Suite, Stressor, chatbot, Mental health, Computer Science Applications, Test (assessment), stress relief, Psychology, virtual agent, computer, mental health
Abstract

Background Approximately 60%-80% of the primary care visits have a psychological stress component, but only 3% of patients receive stress management advice during these visits. Given recent advances in natural language processing, there is renewed interest in mental health chatbots. Conversational agents that can understand a user’s problems and deliver advice that mitigates the effects of daily stress could be an effective public health tool. However, such systems are complex to build and costly to develop. Objective To address these challenges, our aim is to develop and evaluate a fully automated mobile suite of shallow chatbots—we call them Popbots—that may serve as a new species of chatbots and further complement human assistance in an ecosystem of stress management support. Methods After conducting an exploratory Wizard of Oz study (N=14) to evaluate the feasibility of a suite of multiple chatbots, we conducted a web-based study (N=47) to evaluate the implementation of our prototype. Each participant was randomly assigned to a different chatbot designed on the basis of a proven cognitive or behavioral intervention method. To measure the effectiveness of the chatbots, the participants’ stress levels were determined using self-reported psychometric evaluations (eg, web-based daily surveys and Patient Health Questionnaire-4). The participants in these studies were recruited through email and enrolled on the web, and some of them participated in follow-up interviews that were conducted in person or on the web (as necessary). Results Of the 47 participants, 31 (66%) completed the main study. The findings suggest that the users viewed the conversations with our chatbots as helpful or at least neutral and came away with increasingly positive sentiment toward the use of chatbots for proactive stress management. Moreover, those users who used the system more often (ie, they had more than or equal to the median number of conversations) noted a decrease in depression symptoms compared with those who used the system less often based on a Wilcoxon signed-rank test (W=91.50; Z=−2.54; P=.01; r=0.47). The follow-up interviews with a subset of the participants indicated that half of the common daily stressors could be discussed with chatbots, potentially reducing the burden on human coping resources. Conclusions Our work suggests that suites of shallow chatbots may offer benefits for both users and designers. As a result, this study’s contributions include the design and evaluation of a novel suite of shallow chatbots for daily stress management, a summary of benefits and challenges associated with random delivery of multiple conversational interventions, and design guidelines and directions for future research into similar systems, including authoring chatbot systems and artificial intelligence–enabled recommendation algorithms.

Published
2021

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