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Este estudio cuasi-experimental con grupo control y metodología mixta evalúa los efectos de un programa de arteterapia y musicoterapia en pacientes adultos oncológicos hospitalizados. Tras tres sesiones de intervención, el grupo experimental experimentó mejoras significativas en dolor, ansiedad, depresión y distrés emocional en comparación con el grupo control, que recibió tratamiento médico estándar. Las reducciones significativas incluyeron el dolor (-4.72; p < 0.001), la ansiedad (-4.78; p < 0.001), la depresión (-4.06; p < 0.001) y el distrés (-5.28; p < 0.001), medidas a través de las escalas EVA, HADS, PHQ-9, y DME/TD. Además, se observaron mejoras fisiológicas notables, como la reducción de la presión arterial sistólica (-25.34 mmHg) y diastólica (-11.92 mmHg), así como de la frecuencia cardíaca. Aunque los cambios en la autonomía funcional evaluada con el índice BABVD no alcanzaron significancia estadística, se observó una tendencia positiva. Las entrevistas semiestructuradas revelaron mejoras en el bienestar emocional, la motivación y las relaciones interpersonales. Estos hallazgos subrayan el valor de integrar terapias creativas como complemento en la atención oncológica, contribuyendo a mejorar el bienestar físico y emocional de los pacientes hospitalizados.

Introduction: In the quest to improve basketball players' performance during the season, the analysis of the training processes during the pre-season is crucial to successfully face the competition period. The aim of this research was to characterize the training tasks of a professional basketball team of the ACB category during the 2022/23 pre-season, as well as to analyze the relationship between the game situation with the pedagogical variables and External Load variables. Materials and Methods: The sample consisted of 107 tasks during 20 sessions of a Spanish first division professional basketball team. The dependent variables were the pedagogical variables and the external load. The independent variable was the Game Situation, understood as the organization of the players during the tasks. All variables were recorded using the Integral System for the Analysis of Training Tasks (SIATE) tool. A descriptive and inferential analysis was carried out to determine the relationships between the game situation with the pedagogical and external load variables. Results: All indicators of the pedagogical and external load variables show a statistically significant association with the game situation (p

Solar fertiliser production including the internal utilisation of the side-product oxygen is analysed as one promising example of an innovative process utilising renewable energy resources and addressing the aspect of integrated production – here in the case of nitrogen containing fertilisers. Alternative methods to supply solar energy into the energy intensive generation of precursors needed for nitrate-based fertiliser via the Haber Bosch and Ostwald processes are introduced. Those methods are assessed in a comparative way through process design and simulation with a focus on oxygen injection inside the NOx combustion of the Ostwald process and through calculation of its economic impacts.

Este trabajo analiza la gestión de fuentes como criterio de calidad en la información del cambio climático, tomando como caso de estudio la cobertura periodística de las cumbres del clima realizadas durante el periodo pospandémico: Glasgow (2021), Sharm el Sheij (2022) y Dubái (2023). Para ello, se revisan tres variables –número, identificación y la tipología– que conectan con indicadores como la credibilidad, el pluralismo o la influencia. La muestra está formada por 671 piezas informativas publicadas en seis medios españoles de diferente modelo profesional y amplio enfoque editorial. Los resultados dibujan un panorama mediático basado, por un lado, en la abundancia y correcta identificación de fuentes; y por otro, en la variedad y participación social. Se observa un creciente protagonismo de los activistas, así como un rol destacado de las fuentes científicas y expertas. Los resultados apuntan un aumento significativo de la especialización y calidad en la cobertura periodística del cambio climático.

Este trabajo explora la división cartesiana entre mente y cuerpo y sus efectos; en particular, analiza cómo el Teatro del Oprimido (TO), en su doble dimensión sociológica y artística, puede ser una metodología que involucra a los cuerpos en la formación universitaria. El ensayo examina la práctica del TO en un taller de teatro social realizado en la Universidad Complutense de Madrid en 2022/2023, séptima edición. El artículo desentraña cómo el TO puede ayudar a crear espacios dentro de la universidad donde profesorado y estudiantes reflexionan críticamente sobre diferentes temas, especialmente a través de una lente sociológica, y principalmente desde la sociología del trabajo. A partir de la relación trabajo/cuerpo/tarea se problematiza sobre cómo las universidades pueden funcionar como espacios donde los y las estudiantes pueden ensayar una participación activa en una sociedad democrática. La fuerte relación entre la falta de formación en la universidad sobre la relación entre el propio cuerpo y la opresión en el trabajo se sostiene en que el TO puede revelar hábitos que están inscritos en el cuerpo encarnado y explorar nuevas formas de deshacer hábitos que los individuos experimentan como opresivos. Este trabajo concluye que el teatro es un instrumento potente para la sociología del trabajo y restaurar una comprensión del cuerpo como algo inextricable de la mente, permitiendo a los individuos analizar las estructuras de poder que disciplinan los cuerpos.

En 1958 Eduardo Chillida recibe una beca de la Fundación Graham de Chicago en la que es alentado a profundizar en los aspectos de su trabajo más cercanos a la disciplina arquitectónica. Detrás de esta beca se encontraban figuras imprescindibles para la difusión de los valores de la arquitectura moderna en América como Mies van der Rohe, Sigfreid Giedion o Josep Lluis Sert. La obra de Chillida evidencia un paso de los Ikaraundi, que comienzan en 1957, hasta las obras que se interesan decididamente por los fenómenos espaciales (los Elogios de la arquitectura o los Lugares de encuentro) a finales de los 60. Este año de beca hace de bisagra y de acercamiento al campo de la arquitectura como él mismo reconoce en el informe que redactará para la recepción de la misma. Este capítulo de su biografía ha sido hasta ahora apenas considerado para explicar este giro tan trascendental en su carrera. Abstract In 1958 Eduardo Chillida received a scholarship from the Graham Foundation of Chicago in which he was encouraged to explore deeper into those aspects of his work that are closest to the architectural discipline. Behind this scholarship there were essential figures for the dissemination of the values of modern architecture in America such as Mies van der Rohe, Sigfreid Giedion or Josep Lluis Sert. Chillida's work shows a step from the Ikaraundi, which began in 1957, to the works that are decidedly interested in spatial phenomena (the Praise of Architecture or the Meeting Places) at the end of the 60s. This year of scholarship of hinge and approach to the field of architecture as he himself recognizes in the report that he will write for its reception. This chapter of his biography has until now barely been considered to explain this momentous turn in his career.

Handball is a team sport characterised by physical interaction with other opponents. This interaction produces a high load on the players that can manifest itself in various ways, from discomfort to prolonged injuries due to tears caused by excessive load. In order to establish correct protocols for application in women’s teams, context- and gender-specific reference data must be available. For this reason, the present research aims to find out how women’s teams in European competitions prepare for decisive matches during the match week, analysing the load in a segmented way and the level of specificity that should be achieved in training. Ex post facto research was used in which a total of 17 players belonging to a women’s first division handball team in Spain participated. The variables player load and impacts extracted from the use of Wimu ProTM inertial devices were analysed. The results showed a high neuromuscular load in players at this competitive level, especially in the variable impacts, reaching values per session of up to 1000 impacts. The individuality analyses show that the load varies significantly depending on the subject, which is why it is considered essential to establish protocols for strength work and load control in the most specific way possible.

For some years now, the locomotion mechanisms used by vertebrate animals have been a major inspiration for the improvement of robotic systems. These mechanisms range from adapting their movements to move through the environment to the ability to chase prey, all thanks to senses such as sight, hearing, and touch. Neuromorphic engineering is inspired by brain problem‐solving techniques with the goal of implementing models that take advantage of the characteristics of biological neural systems. While this is a well‐defined and explored area in this field, there is no previous work that fuses analog and neuromorphic sensors to control and modify robotic behavior in real time. Herein, a system is presented based on spiking neural networks implemented on the SpiNNaker hardware platform that receives information from both analog (force‐sensing resistor) and digital (neuromorphic retina) sensors and is able to adapt the speed and orientation of a hexapod robot depending on the stability of the terrain where it is located and the position of the target. These sensors are used to modify the behavior of different spiking central pattern generators, which in turn will adapt the speed and orientation of the robotic platform, all in real time. In particular, experiments show that the network is capable of correctly adapting to the stimuli received from the sensors, modifying the speed and heading of the robotic platform.

In 1958 Eduardo Chillida received a scholarship from the Graham Foundation of Chicago in which he was encouraged to explore deeper into those aspects of his work that are closest to the architectural discipline. Behind this scholarship there were essential figures for the dissemination of the values of modern architecture in America such as Mies van der Rohe, Sigfreid Giedion or Josep Lluis Sert. Chillida's work shows a step from the Ikaraundi, which began in 1957, to the works that are decidedly interested in spatial phenomena (the Praise of Architecture or the Meeting Places) at the end of the 60s. This year of scholarship of hinge and approach to the field of architecture as he himself recognizes in the report that he will write for its reception. This chapter of his biography has until now barely been considered to explain this momentous turn in his career.

Abstract Background and Objective The clinical relevance of the detection of multiple respiratory viruses in acute bronchiolitis (AB) has not been established. Our goal was to evaluate the effect of viral coinfections on the progression and severity of AB. Methods A retrospective observational study was conducted in a tertiary hospital in Spain from September 2012 to March 2020. Infants admitted for AB with at least one respiratory virus identified by molecular diagnostic techniques were included. A comparison was made between single-virus infections and viral coinfections. The evolution and severity of AB were determined based on the days of hospitalization and admission to the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU). Results Four hundred forty-five patients were included (58.4% male). The median weight was 5.2 kg (IQR 4.2–6.5), and the median age was 2.5 months (IQR 1.4–4.6). A total of 105 patients (23.6%) were admitted to the PICU. Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) was the most frequent etiological agent (77.1%). A single virus was detected in 270 patients (60.7%), and viral coinfections were detected in 175 (39.3%), of which 126 (28.3%) had two viruses and 49 (11%) had three or more viruses. Hospital length of stay (LOS) increased in proportion to the number of viruses detected, with a median of 6 days (IQR 4–8) for single infections, 7 days (IQR 4–9) for coinfections with two viruses and 8 days (IQR 5–11) for coinfections with ≥ 3 viruses (p = 0.003). The adjusted Cox regression model showed that the detection of ≥ 3 viruses was an independent risk factor for a longer hospital LOS (HR 0.568, 95% CI 0.410–0.785). No significant association was observed between viral coinfections and the need for PICU admission (OR 1.151; 95% CI 0.737–1.797). Conclusions Viral coinfections modified the natural history of AB, prolonging the hospital LOS in proportion to the number of viruses detected without increasing the need for admission to the PICU.

El problema tipológico surge al intentar definir el tipo de estado mental que subyace a los reportes de pacientes delirantes. Este artículo explora dos de los enfoques más populares a este problema en la literatura actual en filosofía de la mente. El análisis concluye que el enfoque doxástico —que conceptualiza los delirios como creencias anormales— es superior en términos conceptuales, empíricos y fenomenológicos al enfoque imaginístico, que caracteriza a los delirios como un tipo de estado mental imaginario. Finalmente, se concluye con algunos de los desafíos que el enfoque necesita resolver para ampliar su alcance y poder explicativo.

Resumen Objetivos: Analizar la eficacia de los cambios posturales en la prevención de lesiones por presión en atención primaria y sociosanitaria. Metodología: Se ha realizado una revisión sistemática de la literatura en bases de datos como MEDLINE (PubMed), SciELO, TSEO y Google Académico. También se ha extraído información de repositorios universitarios. Los artículos seleccionados son revisiones sistemáticas, ensayos clínicos y una revisión histórica. Resultados: Se encontraron un total de 568 artículos, de los cuales 15 cumplieron los criterios de inclusión. Los ensayos clínicos aleatorios incluidos se realizaron en residencias de ancianos u hospitales de larga estancia. Conclusiones: La frecuencia de cambios posturales implica gran controversia. No obstante, la menor incidencia de úlceras por presión se relaciona con cambios posturales cada 3 h y con colchones viscoelásticos.

Las Unidades de Cultura Científica y de la Innovación (UCC+i) se han convertido en uno de los agentes más dinámicos en la divulgación de la ciencia en España. A partir de una metodología propia basada en la realización de una encuesta a casi 60 profesionales, se analizan de forma exhaustiva cuatro aspectos claves de su estructura profesional: principales funciones, ubicación institucional, evolución de los recursos humanos de los que disponen, y reconocimiento profesional que se les otorga. Tras contextualizar el origen, evolución y mapa actual de las UCC+i, los resultados indican que estas unidades están especializadas, principalmente, en la comunicación de los resultados y la divulgación de la ciencia. Y, en menor medida, desarrollan funciones de asesoramiento y formación. A nivel institucional, se ubican bajo la tutela de las áreas de comunicación y de investigación. Respecto a las plantillas, la estructura más habitual son 3 profesionales, pero con escasas expectativas de ampliación y limitado reconocimiento por parte de las propias universidades. En resumen, su alta visibilidad profesional se identifica como su principal punto fuerte, y la falta de recursos económicos como un problema grave para desarrollarse.

The spectacularization of politics is not the exclusive patrimony of the media in their news coverage. Leaders from all over the world have successfully incorporated this “communicative style” into their own strategies, a style that finds a suitable space in visual social networks such as Instagram, in dynamic formats such as video, and in crisis contexts. This article analyzes the “spectacularization” of Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky’s through Instagram. The methodological proposal is based on the study of the 5W in relation to the digital image and investigates the leading role, the staging, the space, and the technical resources of the videos. Thus, a content analysis is applied to a sample of 143 videos published by the president on his official profile in February–March 2022, when the conflict between Russia and Ukraine began, and in September–October 2022. We observed that Zelensky uses video in an intense and “spectacular” way: He exploits his figure in a professional style, strategically combines careful staging with amateurism, and uses resources such as subtitles to internationalize his discourse.

Abstract Membrane distillation (MD) is constantly acknowledged in the research literature as a promising technology for the future of desalination, with an increasing number of studies reported year after year. However, real MD applications still lag behind with only a few pilot-plant tests worldwide. The lack of technology transfer from academia to industry is caused by important gaps between its fundamental basis and the process design. Herein, we explore critical disconnections by conducting coupled mass and heat transfer modeling and MD simulations; we use well-known MD mass and heat transfer equations to model and simulate flux over a typical MD membrane for different geometries, areas, and operational conditions in direct contact configuration. From the analysis of the results, we propose research guidelines and process development strategies, and construct an MD module performance curve. From this graph, permeate flow rate, thermal energy consumption and outlet temperatures can be determined for given feed inlet conditions (temperature and concentration). Comprehensive tools such as this MD module curve and good communication between membrane developers and process engineers are required to accelerate the process of bringing the MD technology from a still-emerging status to a maturity level.

Introducción: La popularización del reduccionismo neurobiológico en psicopatología conlleva la idea de que la esquizofrenia puede entenderse simplemente como el producto de alteraciones en el funcionamiento cerebral. Por otro lado, y criticando esta tradición, el enfoque fenomenológico propone que la esquizofrenia debería entenderse como un trastorno del yo. Si bien ambas tradiciones son relevantes en la actualidad, creemos que una comprensión completa del fenómeno psicótico envuelve una integración de ambas. Objetivo: Este artículo plantea que la hipótesis de la saliencia aberrante es un buen candidato para unificar la tradición fenomenológica y la neuropsiquiátrica en el estudio de la esquizofrenia. Procedimiento: Luego de examinar la hipótesis en cuestión en profundidad, exploramos la forma en que podría explicar algunos de los síntomas positivos de la esquizofrenia de forma consistente con sus descripciones fenomenológicas. Conclusiones: Finalmente, se ofrecen algunas consideraciones generales respecto de las consecuencias de nuestro análisis para el campo de la psicopatología.

The aim of this paper is to approach the concept of agrarian archaeology, an epistemological framework that allows the investigation of agrarian landscapes favouring new historical narratives far from traditional paradigms and, at the same time, the proposal of innovative forms of cultural heritage management in rural areas. The working methodology and some examples of both empirical work (archaeology) and research-action approaches to cultural heritage are presented. As a result, agrarian archaeology opens up a perspective of experimental research, which permits the problematization of conceptual languages, questions historical narratives and causes the rethinking of personal practices, in addition to promoting an open science close to citizens. Cultural heritage here is to be understood as a social process of meaningful construction, a space of debate and transformation for social innovation.

El artículo expone los resultados de un proyecto de investigación y extensión solidaria, cuyo objetivo fue diseñar metodologías derivadas de la teoría de sintaxis espacial para mitigar los efectos del contagio por COVID-19 en poblaciones de educación media, secundaria y básica del Urabá antioqueño. Teniendo en cuenta que el concepto de sintaxis espacial fue concebido como una herramienta para que los arquitectos pudieran simular los posibles efectos socioculturales de sus diseños y tomar decisiones basadas en predicciones conductuales de la población, esta investigación abordó la problemática de regreso a clases presenciales en el marco del cierre de las instituciones educativas durante la emergencia sanitaria. La metodología empleada surgió desde los lineamientos estándar de la investigación aplicada en un ambiente controlado, contemplando levantamientos arquitectónicos, elaboración de diagnósticos y análisis a partir de los gráficos de sintaxis espacial. Los hallazgos de la investigación arrojaron planos arquitectónicos de las instituciones educativas, el análisis de diferentes mapas de grafos convexos, de conectividad, axialidad, integración, elección y gráficos de isovistas de control y de visibilidad, la creación de un modelo de trabajo intersectorial entre academia y actores en el territorio y el diseño de ilustraciones para la transferencia del conocimiento ante las comunidades.

Currently, basketball teams use inertial devices for monitoring external and internal workload demands during training and competitions. However, the intensity thresholds preset by device manufacturers are generic and not adapted for specific sports (e.g., basketball) and players’ positions (e.g., guards, forwards, and centers). Using universal intensity thresholds may lead to failure in accurately capturing the true external load faced by players in different positions. Therefore, the present study aimed to identify external load demands based on playing positions and establish different intensity thresholds based on match demands in order to have specific reference values for teams belonging to the highest competitive level of Spanish basketball. Professional male players (n = 68) from the Spanish ACB league were monitored during preseason official games. Three specific positions were used to group the players: guards, forwards, and centers. Speed, accelerations, decelerations, impacts/min, and player load/min were collected via inertial devices. Two-step clustering and k-means clustering categorized load metrics into intensity zones for guards, forwards, and centers. Guards covered more distance at high speeds (12.72–17.50 km/h) than forwards and centers (p < 0.001). Centers experienced the most impacts/min (p < 0.001). Guards exhibited greater accelerations/decelerations, albeit mostly low magnitude (p < 0.001). K-means clustering allowed the setting of five zones revealing additional thresholds. All positions showed differences in threshold values (p < 0.001). The findings provide insights into potential disparities in the external load during competition and help establish position-specific intensity thresholds for optimal monitoring in basketball. These data are highly applicable to the design of training tasks at the highest competitive level.

The large-scale environment of the cosmic web is believed to impact galaxy evolution, but there is still no consensus regarding the mechanisms. We use a semi-analytic model (SAM) galaxy catalog to study the star formation and dust content of local galaxies in different cosmic environments of the cosmic web—namely voids, filaments, walls, and nodes. We find a strong impact of the environment only for galaxies with M _stars ≲ 10 ^10.8 M _⊙ : the less dense the environment, the larger the star formation rate and dust content at fixed stellar mass. This is attributed to the fact that galaxies in less dense environments typically feature younger stellar populations, a slower evolution of their stellar mass, and delayed star formation compared to galaxies in denser environments. As for galaxies with M _stars ≳ 10 ^10.8 M _⊙ , the differences among environments are milder, due to the disk-instability-driven supermassive black hole (SMBH) growth implemented in the SAM, which makes SMBH growth, and thus galaxy quenching, environment-insensitive. We qualitatively test our predictions against observations by identifying environments in Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data Release 16 using dust masses derived from the GAMA survey. The agreement is encouraging, particularly at $\mathrm{log}\,{M}_{\mathrm{stars}}/{M}_{\odot }\gtrsim 10.5\mbox{--}11$ , where the specific star formation rates and dust masses appear quite environment-insensitive. This result confirms the importance of in situ growth channels of SMBHs.

En este trabajo presentamos un análisis de narraciones elaboradas por un grupo de residentes de dos profesorados universitarios de Argentina durante el primer semestre de 2020. Como equipo a cargo de las Prácticas Docentes nos posicionamos político-pedagógicamente desde la Educación Popular Latinoamericana, apuntando a la formación de profesionales reflexivos/as, que puedan desarrollar una mirada crítica. En los inicios del periodo de aislamiento por Covid-19, hemos solicitado la realización de narraciones autobiográficas, viendo que la participación venía con dificultades y angustias. A partir de esas narraciones, elaboramos este análisis centrando la mirada sobre las vivencias y los sentires de ese grupo de estudiantes, cuya mayoría se desempeñaba ya como docentes. Miedo, cansancio, frustración, incertidumbre, problemas técnicos, cambios en la cotidianidad, aparecen fuertemente en estas producciones. Asimismo, advertimos que durante el periodo de aislamiento, virtualización de las propuestas educativas y teletrabajo, los cuerpos fueron “recortados y expulsados de la situación educativa”, los lazos afectivos fueron fragmentados y se agudizó la individualización de la tarea docente.

Frente a la imagen misteriosa y melancólica del dios Saturno con la que se vinculó a los artistas en el Renacimiento, reivindicamos el mito de Mercurio en el arte como mensajero de la obra. Asumir metafóricamente la convivencia de ambos mitos supone reconocer la rica complementariedad que históricamente ha convertido a la imagen en una hermenéutica existencial en la cual conviven lo racional y lo irracional que nos configuran como personas. El espectador satisface su faceta de homo quaerens, de encuentro con la realidad profunda de su ser, a través de imágenes capaces de enfrentarle a las cuestiones trascendentales que le apelan en su existir: la pregunta por su identidad y la del otro, por el bien y la felicidad, por la posibilidad de conocer la verdad y, en definitiva, por el sentido mismo de la vida.

Dramaturgias de la imagen supone la persecución de la memoria de algo más de un siglo de creación escénica con el objeto de disponer al lector críticamente en el presente. En cuyo corpus teórico de las distintas creaciones contemporáneas analizadas se identifica un esfuerzo intelectual por establecer los distintos métodos de hibridación de las disciplinas confluyentes en la escena. Desde las tentativas wagnerianas de la obra de arte total allá por el siglo XIX, hasta las últimas contaminaciones escénicas de las nuevas tecnologías, media y multiculturalismo de la última década de siglo XX. Supone un esfuerzo valiente por llegar a la escena de los propios años 90, es decir, sin eludir lo más mínimo la difícil tarea del análisis del presente, aunque visto hoy, ya del ayer.

Introducción: El delirio constituye uno de los síntomas más complejos y severos de la psicosis. Uno de los problemas más fundamentales que actualmente enfrenta la investigación en el campo de la neuropsiquiatría actual tiene que ver con el desafío de producir teorías explicativas para la producción de este tipo de estado mental, a lo que denomino ‘al problema etiológico de los delirios psicóticos’. Desarrollo: Se analiza críticamente las principales alternativas dentro de la neuropsiquiatría contemporánea al problema etiológico. Conclusión: El análisis indica que las tres teorías fundamentales que conviven en la actualidad poseen problemas para progresar en el desafío de explicar la etiología de los delirios. Por lo anterior, se propone la idea de que, a la luz del estado actual del debate, la hibridación teórica podría perfilarse como el mejor candidato metodológico para generar progreso real en la disciplina.

Massive influxes of holopelagic Sargassum spp. (Sargassum natans and S. fluitans) have been causing major economic, environmental and ecological problems along the Caribbean coast of Mexico. Predicting the arrival of the sargassum as an aid to addressing these problems is a priority for the government, coastal communities and the society; both mitigating the impacts and providing opportunities for its use. Lack of data concerning precise locations and times of sargassum beachings means that public and private funds are being spent inefficiently and most actions are reactive. The dynamic nature of sargassum beachings/influxes render conventional ground-based monitoring insufficient. Earth observation and cloud-based processing services offer tools to track, quantify and understand sargassum beaching remotely in a frequent, systematic and reliable manner with the temporal and spatial resolutions required for its management. In order to find the right solutions to address this problem, in this paper the needs and requirements of stakeholders are taken into consideration for the development of an Earth observation-based service to monitor sargassum along the Mexican Caribbean coast. Routine monitoring of sargassum over a large area will be cost effective and help mitigate the negative effects of sargassum influxes. The combination of imagery from Planet, specifically their SuperDove systems that provide daily data at 3 m spatial resolutions, with the freely available EU Copernicus data would be useful for many different stakeholders and potential users. A prototype of the service is presented, based on the main user requirements. The system would enable public and private organizations to allocate resources appropriately in affected areas quickly and efficiently, thereby minimizing economic, social and environmental impacts and enhancing the resilience of local communities. It would also assist the sargassum industry in the collection of fresh algae for onward processing. The system could easily be implemented for similar types of environmental monitoring in the Greater Caribbean and beyond.

El texto parte de los resultados del proyecto Taller de Teatro Foro y Videocurrículum (Intersoc) del Aula Laboratorio de la Facultad de CC Políticas y Sociología en el marco del proyecto de innovación docente “Teatro Social y economía crítica. Jóvenes, trabajo y empleo en modelos productivos periféricos en crisis, 2020-21”. En el curso del taller, y con motivo de la creación y representación de una pieza teatral en torno al videocurrículum personal (tema de trabajo escogido por su adecuación práctica a la situación de pandemia y por su potencia analítica respecto al tema propuesto), los diferentes egresados y egresadas del grado de Sociología participantes realizarán un sorprendente e inesperado elogio de la carrera estudiada a pesar de las escasas posibilidades laborales que ofrece, y por tanto, de su escasa aportación al valor cualificacional curricular. Esta contradicción nos invita a hacer algunas reflexiones en torno al sentido de esta carrera.

Los niños que juegan al fútbol en edad de desarrollo practican este deporte para divertirse, pero además, aprenden habilidades específicas como lanzar a portería que es la técnica desarrollada para marcar gol. El objetivo de este estudio es analizar las acciones de finalización a través de lanzamientos en un equipo de fútbol de alto nivel de categoría Infantil a través de metodología educativa observacional para localizar problemas en el juego. Han participado 20 jugadores de fútbol de alto nivel de la ciudad de Granada. Se ha realizado estadística básica descriptiva. Como resultados, se han obtenido evidencias sobre las acciones de finalización que no han obtenido un buen rendimiento deportivo como el número de pases previos, jugadores defensivos implicados, entre otros factores influyentes en el juego. Como conclusión, se ha diseñado una herramienta básica de observación para la detección de problemas reales de juego, concretamente, para aquellas que finalizan en lanzamientos a portería. Los resultados permiten a los niños en edad de desarrollo conocer información relevante sobre aspectos de mejora y llevarlos a la práctica con juegos utilizando la metodología de enseñanza de resolución de problemas.

In eutherian mammals, hundreds of programmed DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) are generated at the onset of meiosis. The DNA damage response is then triggered. Although the dynamics of this response is well studied in eutherian mammals, recent findings have revealed different patterns of DNA damage signaling and repair in marsupial mammals. To better characterize these differences, here we analyzed synapsis and the chromosomal distribution of meiotic DSBs markers in three different marsupial species (Thylamys elegans, Dromiciops gliorides, and Macropus eugenii) that represent South American and Australian Orders. Our results revealed inter-specific differences in the chromosomal distribution of DNA damage and repair proteins, which were associated with differing synapsis patterns. In the American species T. elegans and D. gliroides, chromosomal ends were conspicuously polarized in a bouquet configuration and synapsis progressed exclusively from the telomeres towards interstitial regions. This was accompanied by sparse H2AX phosphorylation, mainly accumulating at chromosomal ends. Accordingly, RAD51 and RPA were mainly localized at chromosomal ends throughout prophase I in both American marsupials, likely resulting in reduced recombination rates at interstitial positions. In sharp contrast, synapsis initiated at both interstitial and distal chromosomal regions in the Australian representative M. eugenii, the bouquet polarization was incomplete and ephemeral, γH2AX had a broad nuclear distribution, and RAD51 and RPA foci displayed an even chromosomal distribution. Given the basal evolutionary position of T. elegans, it is likely that the meiotic features reported in this species represent an ancestral pattern in marsupials and that a shift in the meiotic program occurred after the split of D. gliroides and the Australian marsupial clade. Our results open intriguing questions about the regulation and homeostasis of meiotic DSBs in marsupials. The low recombination rates observed at the interstitial chromosomal regions in American marsupials can result in the formation of large linkage groups, thus having an impact in the evolution of their genomes.

Basketball players should train at intensities similar to those recorded in competition, but are the intensities really similar? This study aimed to quantify and compare the internal and external intensities assimilated by professional basketball players, both in training and in competition, according to context and the specific player position. Players from the same team in the Spanish ACB competition were monitored for three weeks. The sample recorded intensities in 5 vs. 5 game situations in both training (n = 221) and competition (n = 32). The intensities, as dependent variables, were classified into kinematic external workload demands (distances, high-intensity displacements, accelerations, decelerations, the acceleration:deceleration ratio, jumps, and landings), neuromuscular external workload demands (impacts and player load), and internal workload demands (heart rate). They were measured using inertial measurement devices and pulsometers. The playing positions, as independent variables, were grouped into guard, forward, and center. According to the context, the results reported a significant mismatch of all training intensities, except jumps, with respect to competition; these intensities were lower in training. According to the playing position, inside players recorded more jumps and landings per minute than point guards and outside players in training. In turn, inside players recorded a higher average heart rate per minute than outside players in this same context. There were no significant differences in intensity according to the playing position in the competition. Considering the context–position interaction, no differences were observed in the intensities. Adjusting and optimizing training intensities to those recorded in competition is necessary.

Personalization of workloads is essential for optimizing training processes and minimizing the risk of injuries in sports. Precise knowledge of the external load demands borne by basketball players during competition is necessary for this purpose. The objective of this research was to determine the objective external load demands of five variables during a basketball competition, three kinematic (speed, accelerations, and decelerations) and two neuromuscular variables (impacts/min and Player Load/min), and subsequently establish workload ranges. Six official matches from preparatory tournaments involving professional basketball players from the Spanish first division, Liga ACB, were analyzed. Inertial devices and an UWB system were used for variable localization and recording within indoor spaces. Two methods, two-step and k-means clustering, were employed for workload range classification. The results revealed different workload thresholds clusters based on the data analysis technique used. The following speed ranges were identified in professional basketball players: Standing, 17.51 km/h. The center of cluster 5 was found to determine the concept of a sprint (>19 km/h) as well as high-speed running (>17.50 km/h). Acceleration and deceleration ranges displayed few cases but with considerably high values, which must be considered when designing injury prevention tasks. The distribution of impacts showed a normal pattern, with identified periods during which players withstood significant G-forces (14%). Finally, the Player Load value at which an activity is considered to be very high, 1.95 au/min, was identified. Considering the obtained results, basketball is proposed as a sport with a high neuromuscular load. Coaches should choose the classification method that best suits their needs. These reference values are the first of their kind for this population of top-level professional players and should aid in adjusting training processes to match competition demands.

In February 2016, the World Health Organization declared Zika virus (ZIKV) infection a public health emergency of international concern because it caused congenital Zika syndrome (CZS). The CZS is considered a specific pattern of birth defects caused by ZIKV infection, which is transmitted by the bite of the Aedes aegypti mosquito. The CZS clinical manifestations are broad and nonspecific, including microcephaly, subcortical calcifications, ocular alterations, congenital contractures, early hypertonia, and pyramidal as well as extrapyramidal symptoms. The ZIKV has gained great importance because it has affected a large percentage of the population worldwide during the last few years, despite the measures implemented by international organizations. The pathophysiology and non-vectorial transmission routes of the virus are still under study. The diagnosis is made upon suspicion of ZIKV infection, the patient’s clinical manifestations, and it is confirmed by molecular laboratory tests demonstrating the presence of viral particles. Unfortunately, there is no specific treatment or vaccine for this condition; however, patients receive multidisciplinary care and constant monitoring. Therefore, the strategies that have been implemented are directed toward preventive measures and vector control.

La aplicación de la inteligencia artificial (IA) en el periodismo es una tendencia en desarrollo que afecta significativamente al modelo de producción y difusión periodístico. Como consecuencia, el uso de esta tecnología plantea diferentes retos éticos. En este contexto, la transparencia se sitúa como un principio clave para avanzar hacia un uso responsable de la IA por parte de los medios. El presente estudio analiza las webs corporativas y los blogs editoriales, principales espacios de rendición de cuentas, de nueve medios españoles vinculados a tres modelos profesionales diferentes: medios digitales, plataformas de verificación y entes públicos de radiotelevisión. Los resultados evidencian que ciertos medios públicos como RTVE están siendo precursores en la explicabilidad de su relación con la IA. Y por otra parte, el compromiso de las plataformas de verificación con la descripción de su metodología profesional favorece la transparencia sobre el uso que hacen de datos, algoritmos y automatizaciones.

Public access to underwater and maritime cultural heritage has proven to have a very positive effect on the local economy. This type of heritage is very attractive for the cultural tourism sector in general and for active and diving tourism. The Nautical and Underwater Archeology Line of the University of Cadiz, within the framework of the TIDE Project (Interreg Atlantic Area) and Herakles Project (FEDER-UCA18-107327) have been working on the enhancement of maritime and underwater heritage through the application of new technologies. In this paper, we will present the advances in the project in the Strait of Gibraltar, based on the first phase of scientific analysis and on the definition of a common working methodology that has resulted in a toolkit for the development of tourism activities linked to the MCH and UCH. Pilot activities under development are focused on accessible underwater heritage routes, VR applications to create Dry Dive experiences and the streaming of underwater archaeological works, thanks to a bottom-surface acoustic communication buoy. Results show that these types of outreach solutions and, by extension, of tourism application, must be preceded by a rigorous archaeological research process, a study of the target audience and the evaluation of the carrying capacity of the sites, to avoid falling into the mercantilisation or deterioration of the UCH. On the other hand, virtual or indirect access solutions are very useful, but always through the correct interpretation of the heritage.

Presentamos una sistematización de experiencias que toma como objeto nuestra práctica como equipo de las Prácticas Docentes de los profesorados de Biología y Física en la Universidad de Luján (Buenos Aires, Argentina). Dicha sistematización se enfoca en analizar los modos en que acompañamos a residentes. Posicionadesi en la Educación Popular, apuntamos a la formación de profesionales reflexives, que puedan tener una mirada crítica tanto de su contexto como sobre su práctica. Realizamos un análisis de nuestros registros en torno a los acompañamientos realizados, caracterizando dispositivos y estrategias desplegadas. Entre estas últimas, destacamos: el establecimiento de límites; la valoración de saberes prácticos; el reforzamiento de la autoestima; la problematización y orientación de aspectos a mejorar a través de preguntas, sugerencias, comentarios y bibliografía específica; la interpelación en relación con intencionalidades, expectativas y finalidades de la educación; y la coherencia interna de las propuestas y de estas con la práctica. Esta sistematización nos permitió fortalecer algunas certezas en nuestra praxis, así como establecer aprendizajes para repensar el acompañamiento a futuro.

Basketball, an intermittent sport with a high impact load, presents a strong probability of lower limb injuries. These injuries can be caused by poor quantification of loads, very intense training sessions or even asymmetries in the lower extremities. The main aim of the present study is to identify whether asymmetries exist in basketball. Specifically, asymmetries depending on: (i) type of task, (ii) type of game situation, (iii) specific positions while training and (iv) specific positions while competing. It is hypothesized that there will be no significant differences between the different conditions. For this purpose, all the training sessions and matches of a professional basketball team belonging to the First Spanish Division were monitored during the preseason. WIMU PROTM inertial devices were used for data collection. The statistical analysis compared the different cases with an ANOVA test. The results do not show significant differences in the values collected among the type of task, the game situation and the positions of the individual players. It can be concluded that basketball is a symmetrical sport. Despite this, the coaching staff should carefully monitor the training loads and asymmetries of the players to avoid the risk of injury.

Introduction: Environmental exposure to tobacco increases the risk of respiratory disease in infants. However, the impact of maternal smoking on the development of acute bronchiolitis has hardly been assessed. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of acute bronchiolitis and to analyse the effect of prenatal and postnatal maternal smoking on the development of this disease. Patients and methods: A prospective, observational study was performed on healthy newborns from a third level hospital born between October 2015 and February 2016. Questionnaires were completed by the mothers at discharge from maternity and followed-up for two years. These collected information about prenatal and postnatal smoking, lifestyle, family and personal history, and the development of bronchiolitis. A bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed. Results: A total of 223 newborns were included, of whom 13.9% were exposed to tobacco smoking during gestation, 21.4% in the postnatal period, and 12.4% in both times. The incidence of bronchiolitis was 28.7% at one year of life, and 34.5% at two years. The multivariate analysis demonstrated that the prenatal and postnatal exposure to tobacco is an independent risk factor for the development of bronchiolitis (OR 4.38; 95% CI; 1.63–11.76), while prolonged breastfeeding is a protective factor (OR 0.13; 95% CI; 0.04–0.48). Other factors that were statistically significant were: atopic dermatitis (OR 2.91; 95% CI; 1.26–6.73), and gestational age (OR 1.42; 95% CI; 1.08–1.88). Conclusions: Children exposed to prenatal and postnatal maternal smoking have a higher risk of suffering bronchiolitis. Reducing the smoking habit in women that intend to become pregnant must be a priority in preventive medicine. Resumen: Introducción: La exposición ambiental al tabaco incrementa el riesgo de patología respiratoria en la infancia. Sin embargo, el impacto del tabaquismo materno en el desarrollo de bronquiolitis aguda ha sido escasamente evaluado. El objetivo del estudio fue determinar la incidencia de bronquiolitis aguda y analizar el efecto del tabaquismo materno prenatal y postnatal en el desarrollo de esta patología. Pacientes y métodos: Estudio observacional, prospectivo, que incluyó recién nacidos sanos de un hospital terciario entre octubre-2015 y febrero-2016. Se realizaron encuestas a las madres al alta de maternidad y seguimiento durante dos años, que recogieron información sobre tabaquismo prenatal y postnatal, estilo de vida, antecedentes familiares y personales, y desarrollo de bronquiolitis. Se realizó análisis de regresión logística bivariante y multivariante. Resultados: Se incluyeron 223 recién nacidos, 13,9% estuvieron expuestos a tabaquismo durante la gestación, 21,4% en período postnatal y 12,4% en ambos momentos. La incidencia de bronquiolitis fue de 28,7% al año de vida y de 34,5% a los dos años. El análisis multivariante demostró que la exposición prenatal y postnatal al tabaco es un factor de riesgo independiente para el desarrollo de bronquiolitis (OR 4,38; IC95% 1,63–11,76), mientras que la lactancia materna prolongada es un factor protector (OR 0,13; IC95% 0,04–0,48). Otros factores que resultaron estadísticamente significativos fueron: dermatitis atópica (OR 2,91; IC95% 1,26–6,73) y edad gestacional (OR 1,42; IC95% 1,08–1,88). Conclusiones: Los niños expuestos a tabaquismo materno prenatal y postnatal presentan un mayor riesgo de padecer bronquiolitis. La disminución del hábito tabáquico en mujeres con intención de embarazo debe ser una prioridad en medicina preventiva.

In trying to make sense of the extensive phenomenological variation of first-personal reports on auditory verbal hallucinations, the concept of pseudohallucination is originally introduced to designate any hallucinatory-like phenomena not exhibiting some of the paradigmatic features of “genuine” hallucinations. After its introduction, Karl Jaspers locates the notion of pseudohallucinations into the auditory domain, appealing to a distinction between hallucinatory voices heard within the subjective inner space (pseudohallucination) and voices heard in the outer external space (real hallucinations) with differences in their sensory richness. Jaspers' characterization of the term has been the target of a number of phenomenological, conceptual and empirically-based criticisms. From this latter point of view, it has been claimed that the concept cannot capture distinct phenomena at the neurobiological level. Over the last years, the notion of pseudohallucination seems to be falling into disuse as no major diagnostic system seems to refer to it. In this paper, we propose that even if the concept of pseudohallucination is not helpful to differentiate distinct phenomena at the neurobiological level, the inner/outer distinction highlighted by Jaspers' characterization of the term still remains an open explanatory challenge for dominant theories about the neurocognitive origin of auditory verbal hallucinations. We call this, “the challenge from pseudohallucinations”. After exploring this issue in detail, we propose some phenomenological, conceptual, and empirical paths for future research that might help to build up a more contextualized and dynamic view of auditory verbal hallucinatory phenomena.

En una sociedad de la información que se sirve masivamente de las imágenes, observamos cómo paradójicamente aquellas que han sido creadas por artistas actuales producen generalmente incomprensión o incluso rechazo. Buena parte del público español fracasa al intentar interpretar unas imágenes codificadas por un arte de naturaleza experimental. El desinterés por la actualidad creativa que se percibe en España no debe ser ignorado, pues con el tiempo podría provocar un distanciamiento cultural de la Europa de su entorno, invitando a pensar que la transición política que el país experimentó tras la dictadura no ha tenido similar relevancia en lo cultural. Tres, son en nuestra opinión, las principales causas del problema de la recepción del arte contemporáneo en España: La gradual desaparición de las artes y humanidades en la enseñanza, la complejidad de su discurso intelectualizado por parte de cierta mediación cultural, así como la imagen excéntrica y banal que se proyecta alrededor de este tipo de manifestaciones desde numerosos medios de comunicación. Creemos que un análisis profundo de estos tres factores puede revelar un diagnóstico que ayude a establecer los medios necesarios para mejorar esta indeseada situación cultural en España.

Background: The shoulder is one of the most frequently injured joints in rugby. Improving muscle strength can increase glenohumeral joint stability, thus preventing injuries to this joint. Purpose: Evaluating the effectiveness of a plyometric, proprioceptive and strength exercise program in promoting shoulder stability in rugby players. Study design: Randomized single blind clinical trial, with follow up. Level of evidence, 2. Methods: Thirty federated rugby players were included in the study and randomized to the two study groups. The experimental group performed an exercise program including plyometric exercises using a fitness ball, proprioceptive exercises with BodyBlade® and strength training with elastic bands. The intervention lasted four weeks, with two weekly sessions lasting 15 minutes each. The control group continued with their usual routine. The study variable was glenohumeral stability, measured with the Closed Kinetic Chain Upper Extremity Stability test and the Y-Balance test. Three evaluations (pre-treatment, post-treatment and follow-up) were carried out. Changes were calculated after each evaluation and repeated measures analysis was performed. Results: Stability improved after the intervention and when comparing pre-treatment and follow-up assessments (P < 0.05) in the experimental group. There were differences between the two groups (P < 0.05) and between the different study evaluations (P < 0.001). Conclusion: A protocol based on plyometric, proprioceptive and strength exercises improves glenohumeral stability. This improvement can be maintained for four weeks.

Abstract Background Direct-Acting agents (DAAs) target and inhibit essential viral replication proteins. They have revolutionized the treatment of Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection reaching high levels of sustained virologic response. However, the detection of basal resistance-associated substitutions (RASs) to DAAs in naïve patients could be important in predicting the treatment outcome in some patients exhibiting failures to DAA-based therapies. Therefore, the aim of this work was to evaluate the presence of RASs as minority variants within intra-host viral populations, and assess their relationship to response to therapy on a multiple times relapser patient infected chronically with HCV. Case presentation A male HCV infected-patient with a genotype 1a strain was evaluated. He had previously not responded to dual therapy (pegylated interferon-α plus ribavirin) and was going to start a direct-acting agent-based therapy (DAAs). He showed no significant liver fibrosis (F0). Viral RNA was extracted from serum samples taken prior and after therapy with DAAs (sofosbubir/ledipasvir/ribavirin). NS5A and NS5B genomic regions were PCR-amplified and the amplicons were sequenced using Sanger and next-generation sequencing (NGS) approaches. RASs were searched in in-silico translated sequences for all DAAs available and their frequencies were determined for those detected by NGS technology. Sanger sequencing did not reveal the presence of RASs in the consensus sequence neither before nor after the DAA treatment. However, several RASs were found at low frequencies, both before as well as after DAA treatment. RASs found as minority variants (particularly substitutions in position 93 within NS5A region) seem to have increased their frequency after DAA pressure. Nevertheless, these RASs did not become dominant and the patient still relapsed, despite perfect adherence to treatment and having no other complications beyond the infection (no significant fibrosis, no drug abuse). Conclusions This report shows that some patients might relapse after a DAA-based therapy even when RASs (pre- and post-treatment) are detected in very low frequencies (

The menstrual cycle can be seen as a potential determinant of performance. This study aims to analyze the influence of the menstrual cycle in women on sports performance, more specifically on the internal and external load of professional women basketball players. The sample consisted of 16 women players and 14 training sessions were recorded. A descriptive analysis of the mean and standard deviation of the variables according to the different phases of the menstrual cycle was performed, as well as an ANCOVA, partial Eta2 effect size criteria, and Bonferroni’s Post Hoc test to identify differences among phases. The results establish that ovulation is the phase in which higher values of external load are recorded and, therefore, the late follicular phase is the time of the cycle where a greater intensity in explosive distance, accelerations and decelerations are recorded. Considering women’s hormonal cycles, understanding their function and the individual characteristics of each athlete is essential since it allows for the development of specific training, the prevention of injuries and therefore positively affects the performance of women players. To this end, individual training profiles should be created in specific contexts, not following general rules. In addition, psychological factors and the specific position of the athletes should be monitored.

RESUMEN Una atribución de agencia mental es definida como el acto de asignar el inicio o autoría de un pensamiento en primera persona a un agente específico, esto, con el fin de generar grados suficientes de control sobre nuestra vida cognitiva. Si bien esta estrategia es fundamental para distinguir diferentes tipos de estados cognitivos - tales como deliberaciones, razonamientos, juicios, entre otros -, muchos autores han indicado que también es clave para entender experiencias cognitivas psicopatológicas en psicosis. Este artículo revisa la forma en que la estructura subjetiva de los delirios de inserción de pensamiento puede ser utilizada como una estrategia para evaluar los méritos argumentativos de las teorías que intentan explicar la arquitectura y naturaleza de las atribuciones de agencia mental. Luego de evaluar algunos aspectos fundamentales de las dos teorías dominantes en la literatura actual, se sugiere que, a pesar de sus importantes aportes al desarrollo de la discusión, tales enfoques no poseen los recursos explicativos suficientes para lidiar con el desafío propuesto.