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2. Direct observation of the complex S(IV) equilibria at the liquid-vapor interface

Author

Tillmann Buttersack, Ivan Gladich, Shirin Gholami, Clemens Richter, Rémi Dupuy, Christophe Nicolas, Florian Trinter, Annette Trunschke, Daniel Delgado, Pablo Corral Arroyo, Evelyne A. Parmentier, Bernd Winter, Lucia Iezzi, Antoine Roose, Anthony Boucly, Luca Artiglia, Markus Ammann, Ruth Signorell, and Hendrik Bluhm

Subjects
Science
Abstract

Abstract The multi-phase oxidation of S(IV) plays a crucial role in the atmosphere, leading to the formation of haze and severe pollution episodes. We here contribute to its understanding on a molecular level by reporting experimentally determined pK a values of the various S(IV) tautomers and reaction barriers for SO2 formation pathways. Complementary state-of-the-art molecular-dynamics simulations reveal a depletion of bisulfite at low pH at the liquid-vapor interface, resulting in a different tautomer ratio at the interface compared to the bulk. On a molecular-scale level, we explain this with the formation of a stable contact ion pair between sulfonate and hydronium ions, and with the higher energetic barrier for the dehydration of sulfonic acid at the liquid-vapor interface. Our findings highlight the contrasting physicochemical behavior of interfacial versus bulk environments, where the pH dependence of the tautomer ratio reported here has a significant impact on both SO2 uptake kinetics and reactions involving NO x and H2O2 at aqueous aerosol interfaces.

Published
2024
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3. Lipoprotein(a) throughout life in women

Author

Pablo Corral, María Gabriela Matta, Carlos Aguilar-Salinas, Roopa Mehta, Gabriela Berg, Massimiliano Ruscica, and Laura Schreier

Subjects
Lipoprotein(a), Women, Lipoprotein(a) variability, Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system, RC666-701, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract

Lipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)] is a lipoprotein with multiple deleterious characteristics and is a recognized cardiovascular (CV) risk factor. The pro-atherogenic, pro-thrombotic, and pro-inflammatory features of Lp(a) are associated not only with atherosclerotic vascular disease but also with aortic valve calcification and all-cause mortality. One of the most interesting aspects of Lp(a) is that its level is determined by genetics in more than 90% of cases, with lifestyle habits having very little influence. Therefore, the recommendation is to test it, at least, once in a lifetime. Contrary to previous beliefs, evidence in recent decades has shown that women have the same or even greater CV risk than men of the same age, attributed to female sex hormones. Different stages of a woman's life can impact on Lp(a) levels, from newborn to menopause, including other critical moments such as menarche and pregnancy. The main objective of this review is to describe and analyze the effect of different specific periods of a woman's life on Lp(a) levels and the potential clinical relevance on their CV risk.

Published
2024
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4. Aplicación del puntaje de riesgo poligénico de colesterol-LDL elevado de seis SNP en población argentina con fenotipo de hipercolesterolemia familiar

Author

Virginia Bañares, Javier Martini, Graciela López, Pablo Corral, and Laura Schreier

Subjects
Hipercolesterolemia familiar. Hipercolesterolemia poligénica. Hipercolesterolemia severa. Puntaje de riesgo poligénico., Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270, Internal medicine, RC31-1245
Abstract

Introducción: Un nivel de colesterol-LDL > 190 mg/dL indica hipercolesterolemia severa de origen monogénico y/o poligénico. Los puntajes de riesgo genético (GRS) evalúan potenciales causas poligénicas. Objetivo: Aplicar el GRS de seis SNP (GRS-6) en individuos con hipercolesterolemia severa. Material y métodos: Se estudiaron 69 sujetos del registro de detección de hipercolesterolemia familiar (HF) en Argentina. Resultados: Con 44 individuos con fenotipo de HF sin variantes genéticas que indicaran origen monogénico (HF/M−) y 26 sujetos de control, se estableció el valor de corte de GRS-6 en > 0.76, con sensibilidad de 0.59 y especificidad de 0.69; 15 sujetos HF/M− (34 %) presentaron GRS-6 positivo. Los valores medios del GRS-6 en los pacientes con HF/M−, HF/M+ y los sujetos de control fueron 0.72 ± 0.17, 0.66 ± 0.17 y 0.70 ± 0.13 (p = 0.43). No existieron diferencias significativas en los valores de colesterol, ni en el puntaje clínico, entre los casos con GRS-6 positivo versus negativo. En 32 % de los casos se obtuvieron valores positivos para contribución poligénica con GRS-6 versus 20 % con GRS-10, puntaje que previamente había sido aplicado (p = 0.003). Conclusión: Describimos el primer valor de corte para el GRS-6 en una población latinoamericana, y concluimos que este GRS podría aportar a la evaluación de la contribución poligénica en los pacientes con hipercolesterolemia severa en la población argentina de manera similar a la de otras poblaciones europeas.

Published
2024
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5. Impact of Dimethylformamide, Tetrahydrofuran, and Dimethyl Sulfoxide on Bulk Heterojunction Organic Solar Cells’ Efficiency and Environmental Footprint

Author

Fernando Rodríguez‐Mas, David Valiente, Pablo Corral, José Luis Alonso, and Susana Fernández de Ávila

Subjects
dimethylformamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, environmental impacts, organic solar cells, poly(3‐hexylthiophene):[6,6],‐phenyl‐C61‐butyric acid methyl ester, tetrahydrofuran, Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering, TD1-1066, Renewable energy sources, TJ807-830
Abstract

Organic solar cells (OSCs), especially those employing bulk heterojunction architecture, present a promising avenue in renewable energy technology. These devices utilize organic materials and can be doped by solvents such as dimethylformamide (DMF), tetrahydrofuran (THF), and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). Solvent doping (DMF, THF, and DMSO) is observed to augment the efficiency of OSCs. However, a trade‐off exists between the volume of solvent used and the device's efficiency. The judicious selection of solvents is crucial as it directly impacts the environmental footprint of the fabrication process and the power conversion efficiency. Notably, the use of solvents in OSC fabrication contributes to reducing the environmental impact across various categories, in particular Abiotic Depletion, Global Warming, and Human Toxicity. Among the solvents studied, THF demonstrates the most significant reduction in environmental impact. Therefore, optimizing the choice and volume of solvents in OSC fabrication is paramount for achieving both enhanced device performance and minimal environmental footprint.

Published
2024
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7. La reflexión de Bolívar Echeverría sobre la dimensión político-estética del arte en diálogo con Walter Benjamin

Author

Juan Pablo Corral Fierro

Subjects
arte, cultura, identidad, evanescente, vanguardias, industria, American literature, PS1-3576, Latin America. Spanish America, F1201-3799
Abstract

Este ensayo plantea una aproximación al concepto de arte formulado por Bolívar Echeverría a la luz de su diálogo con el concepto de arte de Benjamin. El trabajo se divide en tres partes. En la primera se aborda la propuesta estética de Echeverría, y su reflexión sobre la dimensión autocrítica de la vida social, que permite plantear la existencia de una noción de “arte evanescente”. En la segunda parte se propone como hipótesis que en Echeverría surgió la necesidad de reubicar el énfasis de su propuesta estética a partir del diálogo que entabló con las nociones de arte aurático, no aurático y la interpretación del sentido de las vanguardias artísticas del siglo XX, desarrolladas por Benjamin en su ensayo La obra de arte en la época de la reproductibilidad técnica. En la última parte se presenta la reflexión que Echeverría elaboró acerca del destino del arte contemporáneo, tomando como referencia la polémica entre Adorno, Horkeheimer, por un lado, y Benjamin, por el otro.

Published
2024
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8. Considerations for Familial Chylomicronemia Diagnosis in the Era of Next-Generation Sequencing: A Latin American Perspective

Author

Charles Marques Lourenco, Pablo Corral, Raul D. Santos, Juan Patricio Nogueira, Carlos O. Mendivil, José L. Santos, Harry Pachajoa, Virginia Bañares, and Maria Belen Mattos-Velez

Subjects
Familial chylomicronemia syndrome, genomics, genetic analyses, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Abstract Familial chylomicronemia syndrome (FCS) is an autosomal recessive disorder, characterized by alterations in the catabolism of chylomicrons and by increased levels of plasma triglycerides. It has been shown that about 60-90% of FCS patients have biallelic mutations in the LPL gene and the remaining patients have mutations in genes encoding proteins closely related to LPL function. The objective of this manuscript is to illustrate the different clinical scenarios of FCS presentation, and to guide practitioners on the usefulness of genetic tests in each of them. To this end, several published papers about recommendations for the diagnosis of FCS are discussed briefly, in addition to the presentation of several hypothetical cases, highlighting different clinical presentations and possible associated genetic findings. These cases illustrate the multiplicity of potential aspects of family history, clinical manifestations, biochemical parameters, and patterns of genetic variants found in genomic analyses of FCS.

Published
2024
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9. Towards sustainable land management in small islands: A Water-Energy-Food nexus approach.

Author

Romain Authier, Benjamin Pillot, Guillaume Guimbretière, Pablo Corral-Broto, and Carmen Gervet

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

The environmental and multi-sectoral challenges faced by small islands requires consideration of sustainability issues. The sustainability challenges in these regions involve in particular the achievement of a greater autonomy through the development of local resources. This is a complex system that encompasses interconnections between the resources available and the land use. In this article we focus on the study of the Water-Energy-Food (WEF) nexus, and propose an integrated and systemic approach to do so. Our contribution consists in studying food system sustainability of small islands by exploring the reciprocal influences between the valorization of local WEF resources and land use competition for various integrated WEF scenarios. Additionally, we integrate dietary behaviors and demonstrate their close interlinking with land use practices, and thus their impact on the potential for transitioning towards a more sustainable food system. To achieve this, we present a generic combined Geographical Information Systems (GIS) and robust optimization model. This model is then applied to Reunion island using collected real data. Our approach aims to assist local policymakers, at the island scale, by constructing insightful scenarios to facilitate informed decision-making. Our results highlight the need to save land space when developing local resources through effective land use management policies combined with a shift in food practices. This shift would imply in particular, to convert some of the sugarcane areas into subsistence farming. Furthermore, the results emphasize the importance of transitioning consumption practices under various integrated WEF scenarios, showcasing our model as an insightful decision-support tool.

Published
2024
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10. Improvements of Organic Photodetectors for VLC Using a New Active Layer, Focal Lens, and a Transimpedance Amplifier

Author

Pablo Corral, Fernando Rodriguez-Mas, Guillermo De Scals, David Valiente, Juan Carlos Ferrer, and Susana Fernandez de Avila

Subjects
visible light communication, organic materials, wireless communication, solar panels, Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering, TK1-9971
Abstract

Beyond 5G networks, and for short distance but high-speed communication systems, there is an incipient growing interest in visible light communications (VLC). Furthermore, it is an interesting alternative within the framework of the Internet of Things (IoT). However, there is a problem on the part of the receiver in these systems, motivated by the non-existence of photovoltaic elements used particularly for this purpose. Because of their simplicity and small investment, organic-type photodetectors have a high capacity for use in VLC systems. With a structure of polymers represented by an organic photodetector fabricated with poly (3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) and a bulk heterojunction active layer of phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) and commercial LEDs, we show our system in this paper. The main novelty of this work is in reception. With different upgrade using a new active layer or adding a focal lens or inserting a transimpedance amplifier, we have achieved improved performance results related to voltage and distance, with an increase of more than 40 %, and Bit Error Rate (BER) by modifying the active layer concentration with respect to results obtained in a former work. Also, we have tested the use of a transimpedance amplifier to obtain the best results in distances of 12 cm to 20 cm and a focal lens with the same objective of improving the BER in critical environments, where the Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) is close to zero. To conclude, these modifications show that it is possible to increase the main parameters of our system to be useful in VLC systems.

Published
2022
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12. La reflexión de Bolívar Echeverría sobre la dimensión político-estética del arte en diálogo con Walter Benjamin.

Author

Fierro, Juan Pablo corral

Subjects
AESTHETICS, AVANT-garde (Arts), FATE & fatalism
Abstract

Copyright of Kipus: Revista Andina de Letras y Estudios Culturales is the property of Universidad Andina Simon Bolivar, Sede Ecuador and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Published
2024
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13. Photolytic radical persistence due to anoxia in viscous aerosol particles

Author

Peter A. Alpert, Jing Dou, Pablo Corral Arroyo, Frederic Schneider, Jacinta Xto, Beiping Luo, Thomas Peter, Thomas Huthwelker, Camelia N. Borca, Katja D. Henzler, Thomas Schaefer, Hartmut Herrmann, Jörg Raabe, Benjamin Watts, Ulrich K. Krieger, and Markus Ammann

Subjects
Science
Abstract

Sunlight can change the composition of atmospheric aerosol particles, but the mechanisms through which this happens are not well known. Here, the authors show that fast radical reaction and slow diffusion near viscous organic particle surfaces can cause oxygen depletion, radical trapping and humidity dependent oxidation.

Published
2021
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14. Consensus on the management of patients with diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease

Author

José Álvarez, Florencia Aranguren, Fernando Belcastro, Fernando Brites, Carlos Buso, Marta Calvagno, Christian Caroli, Leonardo Celano, Hernán Cohen Arazi, Daniel Comtesse, Pablo Corral, Juan Pablo Costabel, Alicia Elbert, Cristina Faingold, Graciela Fuente, Pablo García Merletti, Mariano Aníbal Giorgi, Gustavo Giunta, Héctor Gómez Santamaría, Enrique González Naya, Claudio Hadid, Ariel Kraselnik, Augusto Lavalle Cobo, León Litwak, Martín Lobo, Alfredo Lozada, Claudio Majul, Walter Masson, Carla Musso, Juan Nogueira, Gabriel Persi, Martín Rodríguez, Emiliano Salmeri, Hugo Sanabria, Silvio Schraier, Isaac Sinay, Daniel Siniawski, Jorge Thierer, Susana Salzberg, Cristian Suárez Cordo, Jorge Lerman, and Álvaro Sosa Liprandi

Subjects
guías, diabetes mellitus, enfermedad cardiovascular, epidemiología, factores de riesgo, prevención, valoración de riesgo cardiovascular, tratamiento farmacológico, revascularización, insuficiencia cardíaca., Nutritional diseases. Deficiency diseases, RC620-627, Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology, RC648-665
Abstract

This Consensus comes to light in the midst of one of the worst global health crises in the last 100 years. SARS-CoV-2 and its clinical manifestation, COVID-19, have caused a disruption in how doctors and patients interact. Although it is an infectious disease, one of the most notable characteristics is that its mortality increases in patients with chronic non-communicable diseases and, in particular, with a history of diabetes and cardiovascular disease. In this context, then, we believe that the recommendations made in this document, which aim to identify and protect these patients, become more relevant, while the implementation, beyond the statements, of specific cardiometabolic prevention policies becomes a priority.

Published
2021
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15. Implementation of an AFDX Interface with Zynq SoC Board in FPGA

Author

Fernando Molina, Pablo Corral, Miguel Aljaro, Guillermo de Scals, and Alberto Rodriguez

Subjects
aerospace electronics, aerospace simulation, afdx, latency measurements, Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering, TK1-9971
Abstract

This work is based on the Hardware development of the Transmission part for the communication inside the satellite. Our goal is move as much as possible of the software part into the Field-programmable gate array (FPGA) matrix due to the single event upsets (SEU). This project is part of the collaborative project called “Mission: NET@SPACE”. It was chosen by the European Commission under the Seventh Framework Program for Research (FP7) to develop an Avionics Full Duplex Switched Ethernet (AFDX) demonstrator based in FPGA. It has to be able to receive and transmit frames and enhance the robustness. The scheduling of the protocol should also be moved into the hardware, by still keeping a small footprint of the whole design. In this paper, we introduce the theory and used technologies, the project flow and development, including the decisions and milestones, to arrive at the end to the further possibilities and conclusions.

Published
2020
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17. A surface-stabilized ozonide triggers bromide oxidation at the aqueous solution-vapour interface

Author

Luca Artiglia, Jacinta Edebeli, Fabrizio Orlando, Shuzhen Chen, Ming-Tao Lee, Pablo Corral Arroyo, Anina Gilgen, Thorsten Bartels-Rausch, Armin Kleibert, Mario Vazdar, Marcelo Andres Carignano, Joseph S. Francisco, Paul B. Shepson, Ivan Gladich, and Markus Ammann

Subjects
Science
Abstract

Heterogeneous oxidation of bromide in atmospheric aqueous environments has long been suspected to be accelerated at the interface between aqueous solution and air. Here, the authors provide spectroscopic, kinetic and theoretical evidence for a rate limiting, surface active ozonide formed at the interface.

Published
2017
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18. Reduction of cardiovascular events with the use of lipid-lowering medication in patients with familial hypercholesterolemia or severe primary hypercholesterolemia: A systematic review

Author

Walter Masson, Pablo Corral, Leandro Barbagelata, Augusto Lavalle-Cobo, Juan P Nogueira, Daniel Siniawski, and Kausik K Ray

Subjects
Hyperlipoproteinemia Type II, Nutrition and Dietetics, Cardiovascular Diseases, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Hypercholesterolemia, Internal Medicine, Humans, Coronary Disease, Cholesterol, LDL, Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Abstract

Lipid-lowering medication is effective in reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease in several clinical scenarios. However, the evidence in patients with familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) and severe primary hypercholesterolemia is less robust.The main objective of the present systematic review was to analyze the association between lipid-lowering medication and cardiovascular risk reduction in patients with FH or severe primary hypercholesterolemia.This systematic review was performed according to PRISMA guidelines. A literature search was performed to detect studies that evaluated the association between lipid-lowering medication and cardiovascular events in FH patients. The diagnosis of FH varied in the studies analyzed. Genetic and clinical criteria or a combination of both were used. Likewise, we considered patients with severe primary hypercholesterolemia.Fourteen studies including 21059 patients were considered eligible for this research. This systematic review showed that the vast majority of the studies with statins reported a significant cardiovascular risk reduction. Statin use was associated with a lower risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (3 studies), coronary heart disease (2 studies), cardiovascular death (4 studies), all-cause mortality (4 studies) and combined endpoint of coronary heart disease and mortality (1 study). When analyzing the association between non-statin lipid-lowering medications and the incidence of cardiovascular events, the results were conflicting.Despite the low level of evidence, this systematic review showed that statins reduce cardiovascular events in patients with HeFH. Evidence for other lipid-lowering drugs is not conclusive.

Published
2022
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19. Hipertrigliceridemia grave en Argentina: prevalencia y características clínicas

Author

Benjamin Sáenz, María G. Matta, Facundo Blautzik, Agustina Corral, Facundo Sampayo, Federico Piedrabuena, and Pablo Corral

Subjects
Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Abstract

Introducción: La hipertrigliceridemia grave (HTGG) es un desorden metabólico con múltiples causas e implicancias terapéuticas.Se desconocen hasta la fecha las características clínicas, la prevalencia y sus posibles causas en nuestra población.Objetivo: estimar la prevalencia, describir las características clínicas y causas subyacentes de la HTGG en un hospital detercer nivel del municipio de General Pueyrredón.Materia y métodos: Estudio descriptivo y observacional realizado con pacientes ambulatorios e internados de un hospitalprovincial. Se incluyeron pacientes adultos con triglicéridos (TG) mayores que 885 mg/dL (10 mmol/L) evaluados desdeenero de 2018 a diciembre de 2021. Se extrajeron sus historias clínicas y, luego, se los contactó para obtener medidas antropométricas, variables sociodemográficas, antecedentes personales y familiares, causas secundarias de hipertrigliceridemia yel tratamiento recibido.Resultados: Se analizaron 16 029 muestras; 46 presentaron HTGG, lo que representa una prevalencia total del 0,28% (IC 95%0,20-0,40%) (IC 95% 0,20-0,40%); se incluyeron 19 participantes en el análisis. La edad media fue de 48,47 años (DE ±16);el 84,2% de ellos eran hombres. La mediana de triglicéridos fue 1821 mg/dL (rango intercuartílico 917‑7000 mg/dL); 17 participantes(84,97%) presentaban hipercolesterolemia (colesterol total mayor que 200 mg/dL). Casi el 50% refirió consumode alcohol, el 55% presentaba obesidad y el 68% diabetes tipo II. Solo 9 participantes se encontraban en tratamiento, 4 confibratos y 5 con estatinas.Conclusión: se encontró una prevalencia del 0,28%, más alta que la esperada y reportada en series previas. Por otro lado, sedestaca la subutilización de medicación para el tratamiento de esta dislipidemia grave.

Published
2023
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21. Charge Effects on the Photodegradation of Single Optically Trapped Oleic Acid Aerosol Droplets

Author

Evelyne A. Parmentier, Pablo Corral Arroyo, Richard Gruseck, Loren Ban, Grégory David, and Ruth Signorell

Subjects
Physical and Theoretical Chemistry
Abstract

It has recently been reported that reactions can occur faster in microdroplets than in extended condensed matter. The electric charge of droplets has also been suggested as a possible cause of this phenomenon. Here, we investigate the influence of electric charges on the photodegradation of single, optically trapped oleic acid aerosol droplets in the absence of other reactive species. The temporal evolution of the chemical composition and the size of droplets with charge states ranging from 0 to 104 elementary charges were retrieved from Raman spectra and elastic light scattering, respectively. No influence of the droplet charge was observed, either on the chemical composition or on the kinetics. Based on a kinetic multilayer model, we propose a reaction mechanism with the photoexcitation of oleic acid into an excited state, subsequent decay into intermediates and further photoexcitation of intermediates and their decay into nonvolatile and volatile products., The Journal of Physical Chemistry A, 126 (27), ISSN:1089-5639, ISSN:1520-5215

Published
2022
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23. New Therapies for Primary Hyperlipidemia

Author

Carlos A Aguilar-Salinas, Rita A Gómez-Díaz, and Pablo Corral

Subjects
Hypertriglyceridemia, Endocrinology, Anticholesteremic Agents, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Hypercholesterolemia, Biochemistry (medical), Clinical Biochemistry, Humans, Hyperlipidemias, Cholesterol, LDL, Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors, Proprotein Convertase 9, Biochemistry
Abstract

Primary hyperlipidemias include a heterogeneous set of monogenic and polygenic conditions characterized by a strong family aggregation, severe forms of hypercholesterolemia and/or hypertriglyceridemia, appearance early on life, and a high risk of cardiovascular events and/or recurrent pancreatitis. In real life, a small proportion of the primary hyperlipidemia cases is recognized and treated properly. Our goal is to present an update of current and upcoming therapies for patients with primary hyperlipidemia. Recently, new lipid-lowering medications have obtained authorization from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration and the European Medicines Agency. These drugs target metabolic pathways, including (adenosine 5′-triphosphates)-citrate lyase (bempedoic acid), proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin 9 (inclisiran), apolipoprotein CIII (volanesorsen), and angiopoietin-like 3 (volanesorsen), that have additive effects with the actions of the currently available therapies (i.e., statins, ezetimibe or fibrates). We discuss the potential clinical indications for the novel medications. To conclude, the addition of these new medications to the therapeutic options for primary hyperlipidemia patients may increase the likelihood of achieving the treatment targets. Also, it could be a safer alternative for patients with side effects for the currently available drugs.

Published
2021
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24. Estudio prospectivo sobre uso y persistencia de tratamiento hipolipidemiante en pacientes con hipercolesterolemia severa

Author

Agustina Sarobe, Agustina Corral, María G. Matta, Benjamín Saenz, Laura Schreier, and Pablo Corral

Subjects
Pharmacology (medical), Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Abstract

Resumen Introduccion Las estatinas son la primera linea de tratamiento en pacientes con hipercolesterolemia severa (HS). A pesar de la evidencia disponible sobre su eficacia y seguridad para prevenir eventos cardiovasculares, el correcto tratamiento sigue siendo un desafio. Materiales y metodos Estudio observacional prospectivo disenado para determinar mediante entrevista telefonica la presencia de factores de riesgo, seguimiento clinico anual, persistencia/uso de estatinas y aparicion de nuevos eventos cardiovasculares (ECV) despues de 5 anos, en pacientes con HS incluidos en un programa de Deteccion de Hipercolesterolemia Familiar. Resultados Se evaluo a 115 participantes, la edad media fue de 56 ± 10, siendo el 74% mujeres. El 63,4% de las mujeres y el 43% de los hombres refirio estar en seguimiento y control clinico en el ultimo ano. El 38,8% de las mujeres recibio estatinas vs. el 26,7% de los hombres y solo 22 participantes (31,8%) fueron persistentes con el tratamiento desde 2015. El 15,5% de los participantes presento un ECV no fatal y el 3,4% fatal. En el analisis multivariado no se detectaron predictores para presentar un ECV. Conclusiones En nuestra poblacion con HS encontramos un alto riesgo de presentar un ECV y una dramatica baja tasa de uso y persistencia al tratamiento con estatinas.

Published
2021
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25. Impact of Tetrabutylammonium on the Oxidation of Bromide by Ozone

Author

Jacinta Edebeli, Huanyu Yang, Xiangrui Kong, Markus Ammann, Fabrizio Orlando, Shuzhen Chen, Luca Artiglia, Anthony Boucly, Nønne L. Prisle, and Pablo Corral Arroyo

Subjects
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Atmospheric Science, Ozone, tetrabutylammonium, Inorganic chemistry, 02 engineering and technology, Reaction intermediate, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, Chloride, Article, Tetrabutylammonium, Bromide, Surface propensity, Ion-pairs, Liquid jet, Halogen chemistry, chemistry.chemical_compound, Pulmonary surfactant, Geochemistry and Petrology, medicine, halogen chemistry, Ozonide, Reactivity (chemistry), liquid jet, ion-pairs, bromide, Aqueous solution, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 0104 chemical sciences, ozone, chemistry, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, 0210 nano-technology, surface propensity, medicine.drug
Abstract

The reaction of ozone with sea-salt derived bromide is relevant for marine boundary layer atmospheric chemistry. The oxidation of bromide by ozone is enhanced at aqueous interfaces. Ocean surface water and sea spray aerosol are enriched in organic compounds, which may also have a significant effect on this reaction at the interface. Here, we assess the surface propensity of cationic tetrabutylammonium at the aqueous liquid-vapor interface by liquid microjet X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and the effect of this surfactant on ozone uptake to aqueous bromide solutions. The results clearly indicate that the positively charged nitrogen group in tetrabutylammonium (TBA), along with its surface activity, leads to an enhanced interfacial concentration of both bromide and the bromide ozonide reaction intermediate. In parallel, off-line kinetic experiments for the same system demonstrate a strongly enhanced ozone loss rate in the presence of TBA, which is attributed to an enhanced surface reaction rate. We used liquid jet XPS to obtain detailed chemical composition information from the aqueous-solution-vapor interface of mixed aqueous solutions containing bromide or bromide and chloride with and without TBA surfactant. Core level spectra of Br 3d, C 1s, Cl 2p, N 1s, and O 1s were used for this comparison. A model was developed to account for the attenuation of photoelectrons by the carbon-rich layer established by the TBA surfactant. We observed that the interfacial density of bromide is increased by an order of magnitude in solutions with TBA. The salting-out of TBA in the presence of 0.55 M sodium chloride is apparent. The increased interfacial bromide density can be rationalized by the association constants for bromide and chloride to form ion-pairs with TBA. Still, the interfacial reactivity is not increasing simply proportionally with the increasing interfacial bromide concentration in response to the presence of TBA. The steady state concentration of the bromide ozonide intermediate increases by a smaller degree, and the lifetime of the intermediate is 1 order of magnitude longer in the presence of TBA. Thus, the influence of cationic surfactants on the reactivity of bromide depends on the details of the complex environment at the interface. ISSN:2472-3452

Published
2021
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26. Challenges in familial chylomicronemia syndrome diagnosis and management across latin american countries: an expert panel discussion

Author

Raul D. Santos, Alberto Lorenzatti, Pablo Corral, Juan Patricio Nogueira, Alberto M. Cafferata, Daniel Aimone, Charles M. Lourenço, Maria Cristina Izar, Josivan G. Lima, Ana Maria Lottenberg, Rodrigo Alonso, Karla Garay, Alvaro Ruiz Morales, Hernando Vargas-Uricoechea, Christian A. Colón Peña, Alejandro Roman-González, Corral, Pablo [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0017-8725], and Santos, Raul D. [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9860-6582]

Subjects
Male, Hypertriglyceridemia, Familial chylomicronemia syndrome, Nutrition and Dietetics, Glycosylphosphatidylinositols, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, RNA-Binding Proteins, FCS, Lipoprotein Lipase, Latin America, Pancreatitis, Loss of Function Mutation, Chylomicrons, Clinical phenotype, Diabetes Mellitus, Internal Medicine, Humans, Female, Hyperlipoproteinemia Type I, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, Triglycerides
Abstract

Familial chylomicronemia syndrome (FCS) is a rare genetic disorder characterized by extremely high triglyceride levels due to impaired clearance of chylomicrons from plasma. This paper is the result of a panel discussion with Latin American specialists who raised the main issues on diagnosis and management of FCS in their countries. Overall FCS is diagnosed late on the course of the disease, is characterized by heterogeneity on the occurrence of pancreatitis, and remains a long time in care of different specialists until reaching a lipidologist. Pancreatitis and secondary diabetes are frequently seen, often due to late diagnosis and inadequate care. Molecular diagnosis is unusual; however, loss of function variants on the lipoprotein lipase gene are apparently the most frequent etiology. A founder effect of the glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchored high density lipoprotein binding protein 1 gene has been described in the northeast of Brazil. Low awareness of the disease amongst health professionals contributes to inadequate care and an inadequate patient journey.

Published
2021
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27. A multilayer heat and mass transfer model for photoacoustics of aerosol particles (MHM-PA).

Author

Arroyo, Pablo Corral, Gleichweit, Michael J., Diveky, Matus E., and Signorell, Ruth

Subjects
*HEAT transfer, *MASS transfer, *AEROSOLS, *PHASE modulation, *HUMIDITY, *ETHYLENE glycol
Abstract

A diffusion multilayer model is introduced which allows time-dependent simulations of heat and mass transfer for photoacoustic experiments on aerosol particles (MHM-PA model). It provides spatial and temporal information on the particle temperature, composition, and size during photoacoustic modulation cycles, and thus, enables accurate simulations of the photoacoustic amplitude and phase at different modulation frequencies. Simulations for micrometer-sized, mixed water-tetraethylene glycol droplets at different relative humidity and at different modulation frequencies between 4 kHz and 100 kHz reveal a substantial loss of the information content of the photoacoustic signal above approximately 30 kHz. The photoacoustic amplitude reduces by two orders of magnitude, causing sensitivity issues. The photoacoustic phase converges to the same constant value for all droplet sizes and humidities, meaning that useful information on heat and mass transfer is essentially lost in the phase. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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29. Una mirada sobre el impacto del uso de las redes sociales en las empresas argentinas

Author

Guillermo Alberto Tricoci, Ariana Rosenthal, Pablo Corral, and Pablo Gil

Subjects
redes sociales, competitividad, tic, Business, HF5001-6182
Abstract

Las redes sociales están cambiando la forma en que se relacionan socialmente los individuos. El foco del presente trabajo es entender el impacto del uso de las redes sociales en los negocios y cómo se dan los procesos de adopción de estas nuevas tecnologías en las organizaciones. Presentamos los resultados de la investigación que hemos desarrollado durante el año 2012 sobre el uso de las redes sociales en las empresas argentinas, la valoración de su impacto de uso en las ventas de dichas compañías, y en la mejora de su competitividad. Realizamos además una comparamos del grado de desarrollo de las redes sociales respecto de otras aplicaciones de comercio electrónico y del uso de los sitios de internet. Finalmente, dejamos planteadas la necesidad de estudiar los efectos negativos que se pueden presentar por el uso de estas tecnologías, como por ejemplo el inicio de campañas adversas o de desprestigio.

Published
2014
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30. Relationship Between Lipoprotein(a) Levels and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Postmenopausal Women: A Systematic Review

Author

Walter Masson, Leandro Barbagelata, Pablo Corral, Juan P. Nogueira, Augusto Lavalle-Cobo, and Alejandra Belardo

Subjects
General Medicine, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Abstract

Elevated lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] levels are independently associated with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, although this association is less explored in postmenopausal women. The main objective of this systematic review was to analyze the association between elevated Lp(a) levels and cardiovascular outcomes in posmenopausal women. Studies that evaluated this association were searched in the current literature. Ten studies including 157.690 women were considered eligible for this study. In total, 4 prospective cohorts, 3 cross-sectional studies, 2 nested case-control studies, and one post-hoc analysis from a randomized clinical trial were analyzed. The included studies showed different results regarding the association between Lp(a) levels and cardiovascular outcomes: a positive association (4 studies), no association (2 studies), or different results depending on the subgroups or outcomes evaluated (4 studies). The results were robust when evaluating coronary events. The reduction in coronary events attributed to a hormone replacement therapy-associated decrease in Lp(a) levels was controversial.

Published
2023
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34. Sobre la sociedad ambiental. Un intento de decolonizar el franquismo y el desarrollismo desde Europa

Author

Pablo Corral Broto

Subjects
dictadura franquista, conflictos ambientales, teoría decolonial, Europa, sociedades ambientales., Environmental sciences, GE1-350, Latin America. Spanish America, F1201-3799
Abstract

Gracias al estudio de las acciones y razonamientos ambientales contra la transformación productivista e industrialista del medio ambiente durante la dictadura franquista (1939-1979), pretendemos analizar cómo fue posible que la sociedad española reclamase cambios dentro de un sistema dictatorial. Estas acciones y culturas ambientales tan heterogéneas aparecieron en diferentes actores: urbanos, rurales, de montaña; obreros, campesinos y terratenientes; religiosos, intelectuales, sindicatos, partidos políticos, etc. Como resultado de todo ello emergió una nueva crítica ambiental a un modelo autoritario de desarrollo e industrialización. Pero, ¿hasta qué punto fue la reclamación de un cambio ambiental universal? Y, ¿qué configuraría este mosaico ambiental en términos de sociedad? Para resolver esta cuestión, la herramienta epistémica de la teoría decolonial, justificada por las fuentes mismas gracias al empleo de una perspectiva local y regional (Aragón), pueden ayudarnos a crear nuevos marcos de interpretación y de análisis de sociedades y culturas ambientales emergentes.

Published
2013

36. Implementation of an AFDX Interface with Zynq SoC Board in FPGA

Author

Guillermo De Scals, Pablo Corral, Miguel Aljaro, Alberto Rodriguez, and Fernando Molina

Subjects
business.industry, Computer science, Event (computing), Avionics Full-Duplex Switched Ethernet, Interface (computing), aerospace simulation, aerospace electronics, Scheduling (computing), Software, Gate array, Embedded system, latency measurements, lcsh:Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, business, Field-programmable gate array, Protocol (object-oriented programming), afdx, lcsh:TK1-9971
Abstract

This work is based on the Hardware development of the Transmission part for the communication inside the satellite. Our goal is move as much as possible of the software part into the Field-programmable gate array (FPGA) matrix due to the single event upsets (SEU). This project is part of the collaborative project called “Mission: NET@SPACE”. It was chosen by the European Commission under the Seventh Framework Program for Research (FP7) to develop an Avionics Full Duplex Switched Ethernet (AFDX) demonstrator based in FPGA. It has to be able to receive and transmit frames and enhance the robustness. The scheduling of the protocol should also be moved into the hardware, by still keeping a small footprint of the whole design. In this paper, we introduce the theory and used technologies, the project flow and development, including the decisions and milestones, to arrive at the end to the further possibilities and conclusions.

Published
2020

37. Surface solvation of Martian salt analogues at low relative humidities

Author

Xiangrui Kong, Suyun Zhu, Andrey Shavorskiy, Jun Li, Wanyu Liu, Pablo Corral Arroyo, Ruth Signorell, Sen Wang, and Jan B. C. Pettersson

Subjects
Chemistry (miscellaneous), Environmental Chemistry, Pollution, Analytical Chemistry
Abstract

Salt aerosols play important roles in many processes related to atmospheric chemistry and the climate systems on both Earth and Mars. Complicated and still poorly understood processes occur on the salt surfaces when interacting with water vapor. In this study, ambient pressure X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (APXPS) is used to characterize the surface chemical environment of Martian salt analogues originating from saline lakes and playas, as well as their responses to varying relative humidities. Generally, APXPS shows similar ionic compositions to those observed by ion chromatography (IC). However, XPS is a surface-sensitive method while IC is bulk-sensitive and differences are observed for species that preferentially partition to the surface or the bulk. Element-selective surface enhancement of Cl− is observed, likely caused by the presence of SO42−. In addition, Mg2+ is concentrated on the surface while Na+ is relatively depleted in the surface layer. Hence, the cations (Na+ and Mg2+) and the anions (Cl− and SO42−) show competitive correlations. At elevated relative humidity (RH), no major spectral changes were observed in the XPS results, except for the growth of an oxygen component originating from condensed H2O. Near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) measurements show that the magnesium and sodium spectra are sensitive to the presence of water, and the results imply that the surface is fully solvated already at RH = 5%. The surface solvation is also fully reversible as the RH is reduced. No major differences are observed between sample types and sample locations, indicating that the salts originated from saline lakes commonly have solvated surfaces under the environmental conditions on Earth., Environmental Science: Atmospheres, 2 (2), ISSN:2634-3606

Published
2022

38. Creole Ecologies: Environmental injustice and colonial and post-colonial cultures (the case of Indian Ocean World, 1740-1940)

Author

Pablo Corral-Broto, Déplacements, Identités, Regards, Écritures (DIRE), and Université de La Réunion (UR)

Subjects
food and health security, agro-ecological transitions, sugar, Indian Ocean World, environmental justice, [SHS.HIST]Humanities and Social Sciences/History, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, hunger
Abstract

International audience; The lock-down and confinement of the economy for months due to the COVID-19 has shown the necessity of autonomy on islands. Reunion Island (France), as remote and Sub-National Island Jurisdiction (SNIJs), must deal with a number of historical situations: ultra-peripheral and insularstatus and mainland supply dependency (energy, food and materials). Despite the extractive past as 'sugar Islands' (Moore 2000), this island is a biodiversity hotspot and World Heritage Site. Nowadays, these islands try to balance between residual colonial economies, tourism developmentand food security which is difficult to reconcile with cutting-edge biodiversity conservation programs. From an environmental history perspective, to increase island resistance/resilience and to enhance socio-ecological transitions respecting history and cultural traditions we analyze here thehistorical metabolic balances on this SNIJ island and how can they inform socio-ecological transition, based on their own past. In this paper, we will analyze what environmental and social metabolic injustices existed and persisted in Reunion Island. We pretend to respond to two questions: how was established the hierarchy between the profitability of the plantation system over food sovereignty and welfare of the island population and, secondly, what environmental and food measures were implemented to establish a balance between making an economic profit and feed the people. For this, we will review environmental tropical historiography and we will focus on the comparison of new sources for the years between 1930 and after the departmentalization (1946). Our archives are the Departmental Archives of La Réunion (henceforth ADR), the NationalArchives of Outermost (ANOM) and the French National Library (BNF).

Published
2021

39. Pharmacological lipid-modification therapies for prevention of ischaemic heart disease: current and future options

Author

Enrique Morales, Kausik K. Ray, Pablo Corral, and Stephen J. Nicholls

Subjects
Lipoproteins, medicine.medical_treatment, Myocardial Ischemia, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Bioinformatics, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, Ezetimibe, Risk Factors, General & Internal Medicine, medicine, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, 11 Medical and Health Sciences, Triglycerides, medicine.diagnostic_test, Cholesterol, business.industry, Anticholesteremic Agents, PCSK9, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Cholesterol, LDL, General Medicine, Blood pressure, chemistry, Smoking cessation, lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins), Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors, Proprotein Convertase 9, Lipid modification, Lipid profile, business, medicine.drug, Lipoprotein
Abstract

Atherosclerosis and its clinical manifestation as ischaemic heart disease remains a considerable health burden. Given that many factors contribute to ischaemic heart disease, a multifactorial approach to prevention is recommended, starting with lifestyle advice, smoking cessation, and control of known cardiovascular risk factors, such as blood pressure and lipids. Within the lipid profile, the principal target is lowering LDL cholesterol, firstly with lifestyle interventions and subsequently with pharmacological therapy. Statins are the recommended first-line pharmacological treatment. Some individuals might require further lowering of LDL cholesterol or be unable to tolerate statins. Additional therapies targeting different pathways in cholesterol metabolism are now available, ranging from small molecules taken orally, to injectable therapies. Examples include ezetimibe, which targets Niemann-Pick C1-like protein, and monoclonal antibodies that target PCSK9. Phase 3 trials have also been completed for bempedoic acid (targeting ATP-citrate lyase) and inclisiran (an interference RNA-based therapeutic targeting hepatic PCSK9 synthesis). In addition to LDL cholesterol, mendelian randomisation studies support a causal role for lipoprotein(a) and triglycerides in ischaemic heart disease. In this Series paper, we appraise currently available and emerging therapies for lowering LDL cholesterol, lipoprotein(a), and triglycerides for prevention of ischaemic heart disease.

Published
2019
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40. Antenna Radiation Pattern Measurement in a Nonanechoic Chamber

Author

M.S. Novo, Miguel Aljaro, Pablo Corral, Antonio Cezar de Castro Lima, and Saulo M. Froes

Subjects
Anechoic chamber, business.industry, Computer science, Antenna radiation patterns, Acoustics, 020206 networking & telecommunications, 02 engineering and technology, Radiation pattern, Power (physics), 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Deconvolution, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Antenna (radio), business, Impulse response, Digital signal processing, Computer Science::Information Theory
Abstract

Several techniques are being studied with the objective of recovering the real antenna radiation patterns through measurements performed in nonanechoic environments. This is being proven by the use of digital signal processing techniques, based on several concepts, such as deconvolution, impulse response, and filtering. In this letter, a new methodology to obtain the actual antenna radiation patterns in noisy environments is proposed. An algorithm was developed that identifies similar points (power/angle) of the antenna radiation patterns through repeated measurements in different directions. Then, the most similar points were chosen, and the radiation pattern of the antenna was reconstructed and compared with the radiation pattern of the same antenna obtained in an anechoic chamber. The results demonstrate that the proposed technique is promising in the reconstruction of radiation pattern of antennas in noisy environments.

Published
2019
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43. Environmental injustice and colonial and post-colonial cultures (the case of Indian Ocean World 1740-1940)

Author

Pablo Corral-Broto, Déplacements, Identités, Regards, Écritures (DIRE), Université de La Réunion (UR), CORRAL-BROTO, Pablo, Nicolà Cuvi, Jennifer Correa Salgado, Jazmin Duque, Ismael Espinoza Pesantez, UMR 228 Espace-Dev, Espace pour le développement, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Avignon Université (AU)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Université de Guyane (UG)-Université des Antilles (UA)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Sociedad Latinoamericana y Caribeña de Historia Ambiental, and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Avignon Université (AU)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université de Guyane (UG)-Université des Antilles (UA)

Subjects
food and health security, Creole Ecology, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, hunger, Sugar Islands, agro-ecological transitions, Indian Ocean Islands, [SHS.ENVIR] Humanities and Social Sciences/Environmental studies, [SHS.HIST] Humanities and Social Sciences/History, [SHS.ENVIR]Humanities and Social Sciences/Environmental studies, Indian Ocean World, [SDE.ES] Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, environmental justice, [SHS.HIST]Humanities and Social Sciences/History
Abstract

International audience; The lock-down and confinement of the economy for months due to the COVID-19 has shown the necessity of autonomy on islands. Reunion Island (France), as remote and Sub-National Island Jurisdiction (SNIJs), must deal with a number of historical situations: ultra-peripheral and insularstatus and mainland supply dependency (energy, food and materials). Despite the extractive past as 'sugar Islands' (Moore 2000), this island is a biodiversity hotspot and World Heritage Site. Nowadays, these islands try to balance between residual colonial economies, tourism developmentand food security which is difficult to reconcile with cutting-edge biodiversity conservation programs. From an environmental history perspective, to increase island resistance/resilience and to enhance socio-ecological transitions respecting history and cultural traditions we analyze here thehistorical metabolic balances on this SNIJ island and how can they inform socio-ecological transition, based on their own past. In this paper, we will analyze what environmental and social metabolic injustices existed and persisted in Reunion Island. We pretend to respond to two questions: how was established the hierarchy between the profitability of the plantation system over food sovereignty and welfare of the island population and, secondly, what environmental and food measures were implemented to establish a balance between making an economic profit and feed the people. For this, we will review environmental tropical historiography and we will focus on the comparison of new sources for the years between 1930 and after the departmentalization (1946). Our archives are the Departmental Archives of La Réunion (henceforth ADR), the NationalArchives of Outermost (ANOM) and the French National Library (BNF).

Published
2021

44. Use and persistence of lipid-lowering therapy in patients with severe hypercholesterolemia: A prospective study

Author

Agustina Sarobe, María G. Matta, Agustina Corral, Pablo Corral, Laura Schreier, and Benjamín Saenz

Subjects
Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Multivariate analysis, Population, Hypercholesterolemia, Familial hypercholesterolemia, Lipid-lowering therapy, Persistence (computer science), Hyperlipoproteinemia Type II, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, In patient, Prospective Studies, education, Prospective cohort study, General Environmental Science, Aged, education.field_of_study, business.industry, General Engineering, Cholesterol, LDL, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Cardiovascular Diseases, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Observational study, Female, Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors, business
Abstract

INTRODUCTION Statins are the first line of treatment in patients with severe hypercholesterolemia (SH). However, despite the knowledge regarding its effectiveness and security for preventing cardiovascular diseases, treatment is a major challenge. MATERIAL AND METHODS A prospective observational study was conducted by telephone survey to determine cardiovascular risk factors, annual monitoring, statins use and persistence and new-onset cardiovascular events (CVE) after 5 years in patients with SH including in a program for detection of familial hypercholesterolemia. RESULTS 115 participants were analysed, the median age was 56 ±10 being 74% females. 63.4% of women and 43% of men had been correctly controlled in the last year. Patients on lipid lowering drugs stratified by sex was 38.8% in women and 26.7% in men, however, only 22 participants (31.8%) were persistence with statins since 2015.Overall, 48% of the patients presented a CVE and 3.4% died. Multivariate analysis did not reveal predictors for CVE. CONCLUSIONS In our population with SH we found a high risk to present a CVE and a dramatic low use and persistence with the treatment.

Published
2021

45. A Low-Cost Visible Light Communications System Based on Organic Photodetection for Transmitting Images

Author

Pablo Corral, Juan Carlos Ferrer, Susana Fernández de Ávila, José Luis Alonso, and Fernando Rodríguez-Mas

Subjects
Computer science, business.industry, Visible light communication, Photodetector, Photodetection, law.invention, Transmission (telecommunications), law, Bit error rate, Optoelectronics, Electronics, business, Diode, Light-emitting diode
Abstract

In Visible Light Communication (VLC) Systems, data are transmitted by modulating light from an illumination source, that could be an ordinary lamp or light-emitting diodes (LEDs). Photovoltaic cells based on massive heterojunctions of semiconductor polymers have focused the attention of researchers due to several potential advantages over their inorganic counterparts, such as simplicity, low cost and the ability to process large area devices even on flexible substrates. In this paper, we use commercial LEDs in transmission and organic photodetectors (OPD) based on poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) and a phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) blend used as active layer in reception. We have fabricated and characterized the I-V curve and the Bit Error Rate (BER) response of the OPD using low cost processing techniques and we have used an Atmel 8-bit microcontroller in order to control the electronics to transmit and modulate the signal. Finally, in this work, we have developed and characterized organic photodetectors in a low cost visible light communications system capable of transmitting an image file in real-time, as a proof of concept that is cost effective, since the whole system was implemented using low cost components. You can find more information in the supplementary materials.

Published
2021
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46. DESENVOLVIMENTO E IMPLEMENTAÇÃO DE UMA COMUNICAÇÃO DE LUZ VISÍVEL DE BAIXO CUSTO

Author

Eliton Pires, Raquel Lorente Martínez, Pablo Corral, Guillermo De Scals, and Miguel Aljaro

Subjects
General Medicine
Abstract

O objetivo deste projeto é implementar um sistema de comunicação de baixo custo(transmissor e receptor) para ambientes internos e, cuja forma de transmissão dedados é baseada na técnica de Visible Light Communication (VLC). Uma parte doprojeto é o desenho de um protocolo de comunicação, que definirá as regras a seguirpara a troca de informações. A outra parte é a escolha de componentes para transmitire receber informações. Finalmente, mostramos as conclusões.

Published
2021
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47. Global perspective of familial hypercholesterolaemia: a cross-sectional study from the EAS Familial Hypercholesterolaemia Studies Collaboration (FHSC)

Author

Jie Lin, Snejana Tisheva, Ishwar C. Verma, Francesco Cipollone, Liam R. Brunham, Florentina Predica, Perla A.C. Gonzalez, Jocelyne Inamo, André R. Miserez, Belma Pojskic, Michel Farnier, Avishay Ellis, Katia Bonomo, Ibrahim Al-Zakwani, Maria Grazia Zenti, Humberto A. Lopez, Khairul Shafiq Ibrahim, Erkin M. Mirrakhimov, Alexey Meshkov, Jose P. de Moura, Muthukkaruppan Annamalai, Raul D. Santos, F. Paillard, Maria Del Ben, Jan Lacko, Miguel T. Rico, Ximena Reyes, Laura E.G. de Leon, Noor Shafina Mohd Nor, Ulrich Julius, Mohammed A. Batais, Dieter Böhm, Ta-Chen Su, Takuya Kobayashi, Magdalena Chmara, Marco Gebauer, Marcos M. Lima-Martínez, Ravshanbek D. Kurbanov, Daisaku Masuda, Amro El-Hadidy, Melanie Schüler, Francisco Fuentes, Florian J. Mayer, Helena Vaverkova, F. Ulrich Beil, Juraj Bujdak, Mario Stoll, Isabelle Ruel, Elena Dorn, Thomas M. Stulnig, Abubaker Elfatih, Rano B. Alieva, Jiri Vesely, Valérie Carreau, Cristina M. Sibaja, Sophie Béliard, Olivier Ziegler, Adriana Branchi, Daniel Schurr, G.B. John Mancini, Tai E. Shyong, Eric L.T. Siang, Mafalda Bourbon, Zerrin Yigit, Meral Kayıkçıoğlu, Jacques Genest, Wei Yu, Michal Vrablík, Shavkat U. Hoshimov, Dan Gaita, Antonio Pipolo, Ashraf H.A. AlQudaimi, Walter Speidl, Gianfranco Parati, Zaliha Ismail, Victoria M. Zubieta, René Valéro, Tomas Salek, Hana Halamkova, Gustavs Latkovskis, Nicole Allendorf-Ostwald, Agnes Perrin, Vladimir Soska, Anastasia Garoufi, Francisco Araujo, Nacu C. Portilla, Thomas Segiet, Charalambos Koumaras, Hila Knobler, Fatih Sivri, Hani Altaradi, Ivan Pećin, Long Jiang, Alexander Dressel, Marlena Woś, Jana Franekova, D. Agapakis, Quitéria Rato, Dirk J. Blom, Marcin A. Bartlomiejczyk, Krzysztof Dyrbuś, Maurizio Averna, Phivos Symeonides, Yung A. Chua, Asim Rana, András Nagy, Juan C.G. Cuellar, Alexander Jäkel, Maya Safarova, Neama Luqman, Amalia-Despoina Koutsogianni, Patrick Tounian, Jose A. Alvarez, Ada Cuevas, Corinna Richter, Sybil Charrieres, Vitaliy Zafiraki, Michalis Doumas, Angela Lux, Thanh Huong Truong, Elaine Chow, José Luis Díaz-Díaz, Jesus R.H. Almada, Sabine Füllgraf-Horst, Gustavo G. Retana, Claudio Borghi, Gianni Biolo, Ivajlo Tzvetkov, Patrícia Pais, Mehmet Akbulut, Kumiko Nagahama, Oner Ozdogan, Frank Leistikow, Jianxun He, Alexander R.M. Lyons, Poranee Ganokroj, Luis E.S. Mendia, Ann-Cathrin Koschker, Gabriela A.G. Ramirez, Dainus Gilis, Karin Balinth, José Ramiro Cruz, Paolo Calabrò, Alberico L. Catapano, Emmanouil Skalidis, Hamida Al-Barwani, Genovefa Kolovou, Carolyn S.P. Lam, Yoto Yotov, Yaacov Henkin, Gabriella Iannuzzo, Aimi Z. Razman, Alma B.M. Rodriguez, Hans Dieplinger, Darlington E. Obaseki, Ursulo J. Herrera, Arcangelo Iannuzzi, Christoph Säly, Elena Olmastroni, Francisco G. Padilla, S.A. Nazli, Ioanna Gouni-Berthold, Miriam Kozárová, Urh Groselj, Igor Shaposhnik, Lorenzo Iughetti, Nawal Rwaili, Cinthia E. Jannes, Andrea Bartuli, Mikhail Voevoda, Marat V. Ezhov, Yanyu Duan, Alper Sonmez, Mustafa Yenercag, Ariane Sultan, Natasza Gilis-Malinowska, Tavintharan Subramaniam, Mohamed Ashraf, Jing Pang, Kota Matsuki, Tao Jiang, Gerald Klose, Eduardo A.R. Rodriguez, Lucie Solcova, Riccardo Sarzani, Mahmoud Traina, Alejandra Vázquez Cárdenas, Gordon A. Francis, Adolat V. Ziyaeva, Ronen Durst, Maciej Banach, Francisco Silva, Heribert Schunkert, Børge G. Nordestgaard, Ziyou Liu, Ahmad Bakhtiar Md Radzi, Hana Rosolova, Andrea Bäßler, Abdulhalim Jamal Kinsara, Noël Peretti, Victor Gurevich, Margarita T. Tamayo, Abdullah Tuncez, Florian Höllerl, Ljubica Stosic, Jianguang Qi, Anja Kirschbaum, Jitendra P.S. Sawhney, Michael Scholl, Kausik K. Ray, Mohamed Bendary, Hapizah Nawawi, Adrienne Tarr, Barbora Nussbaumerova, B.C. Brice, Kurt Huber, Noor Alicezah Mohd Kasim, A. Rahman A. Jamal, Vaclava Palanova, Giacomo Biasucci, Pucong Ye, Eva Cubova, Roopa Mehta, Rüdiger Schweizer, Veronica Zampoleri, Jacek Jóźwiak, Alyaa Al-Khateeb, Jing Hong, Katarina Raslova, Kirsten B. Holven, Tatiana Rozkova, Reinhold Busch, Alexander Klabnik, Konrad Hein, Eloy A.Z. Carrillo, Robin Urbanek, Livia Pisciotta, Fatma Y. Coskun, Jose J.G. Garcia, Valerio Pecchioli, Azra D. Nalbantic, Weerapan Khovidhunkit, Jernej Kovac, Michaela Kadurova, Mohammed Al-Jarallah, Vita Saripo, Christos V. Rizos, Jie Peng, Ang L. Chua, Dorothee Deiss, Nor A.A. Murad, Aneta Stróżyk, See Kwok, Gökhan Alici, Gillian J. Pilcher, John J.P. Kastelein, Dmitry Duplyakov, Calin Lengher, Milena Budikova, C. Azzopardi, Christina Antza, Luis E.V. Arroyo, Khalid Al-Jumaily, Ahmad Al-Sarraf, Carlos A. Aguilar-Salinas, Erkayim Bektasheva, Arta Upena-RozeMicena, Qian Wang, Xumin Wang, Leah Leavit, Radzi Rahmat, Selim Topcu, Željko Reiner, Lorenzo Maroni, Matija Cevc, Elizabeth R. Cooremans, Masatsune Ogura, Tevfik Sabuncu, Ruy D Arjona Villicaña, Andrea Giaccari, Xuesong Fan, Auryan Szalat, Sanjaya Dissanayake, Etienne Khoury, Anja Vogt, Hermann Toplak, Alexis Baass, Isabel Palma, Gaelle Sablon, Dana A. Hay, Ya Yang, Margus Viigimaa, Erik S.G. Stroes, Dror Harats, Konstantin Krychtiuk, Zesen Liu, Aleksandra Parczewska, Yves Cottin, Yichen Qu, Mathilde Di-Fillipo, Agnieszka Konopka, Lamija Pojskic, Guadalupe J. Dominguez, Ahmet Temizhan, Roberto C. Chacon, Ibrahim E. Dural, Qiang Yong, G. Kees Hovingh, Kang Meng, Sandra Kutkiene, Julie Lemale, Reinhold Innerhofer, Alexandros D. Tselepis, Handrean Soran, Wolfgang König, Bassam Atallah, Olena Mitchenko, Jana Cepova, Eduardo M. Rodriguez, Ulrich Laufs, Norhidayah Rosman, Alena Lubasova, V. Durlach, Frederick J. Raal, Elyor Khodzhiboboev, Cristina Pederiva, Hui Yuan, Ashraf Reda, Fahad Alnouri, Konstantinos Tziomalos, Thanh T. Le, Jana Sirotiakova, Régis Hankard, Hector E.A. 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R.B., Kurbanov R.D., Hoshimov S.U., Nizamov U.I., Ziyaeva A.V., Abdullaeva G.J., Do D.L., Nguyen M.N.T., Kim N.T., Le T.T., Le H.A., Tokgozoglu L., Catapano A.L., Ray K.K., Vallejo-Vaz, A. J., Stevens, C. A. T., Lyons, A. R. M., Dharmayat, K. I., Freiberger, T., Hovingh, G. K., Mata, P., Raal, F. J., Santos, R. D., Soran, H., Watts, G. F., Abifadel, M., Aguilar-Salinas, C. A., Alhabib, K. F., Alkhnifsawi, M., Almahmeed, W., Alnouri, F., Alonso, R., Al-Rasadi, K., Al-Sarraf, A., Al-Sayed, N., Araujo, F., Ashavaid, T. F., Banach, M., Beliard, S., Benn, M., Binder, C. J., Bogsrud, M. P., Bourbon, M., Chlebus, K., Corral, P., Davletov, K., Descamps, O. S., Durst, R., Ezhov, M., Gaita, D., Genest, J., Groselj, U., Harada-Shiba, M., Holven, K. B., Kayikcioglu, M., Khovidhunkit, W., Lalic, K., Latkovskis, G., Laufs, U., Liberopoulos, E., Lima-Martinez, M. M., Lin, J., Maher, V., Marais, A. D., Marz, W., Mirrakhimov, E., Miserez, A. R., Mitchenko, O., Nawawi, H., Nordestgaard, B. G., Panayiotou, A. G., Paragh, G., Petrulioniene, Z., Pojskic, B., Postadzhiyan, A., Raslova, K., Reda, A., Sadiq, F., Sadoh, W. E., Schunkert, H., Shek, A. B., Stoll, M., Stroes, E., Su, T. -C., Subramaniam, T., Susekov, A. V., Tilney, M., Tomlinson, B., Truong, T. H., Tselepis, A. D., Tybjaerg-Hansen, A., Vazquez Cardenas, A., Viigimaa, M., Wang, L., Yamashita, S., Kastelein, J. J. P., Bruckert, E., Vohnout, B., Schreier, L., Pang, J., Ebenbichler, C., Dieplinger, H., Innerhofer, R., Winhofer-Stockl, Y., Greber-Platzer, S., Krychtiuk, K., Speidl, W., Toplak, H., Widhalm, K., Stulnig, T., Huber, K., Hollerl, F., Rega-Kaun, G., Kleemann, L., Maser, M., Scholl-Burgi, S., Saly, C., Mayer, F. J., Sablon, G., Tarantino, E., Nzeyimana, C., Pojskic, L., Sisic, I., Nalbantic, A. D., Jannes, C. E., Pereira, A. C., Krieger, J. E., Petrov, I., Goudev, A., Nikolov, F., Tisheva, S., Yotov, Y., Tzvetkov, I., Baass, A., Bergeron, J., Bernard, S., Brisson, D., Brunham, L. R., Cermakova, L., Couture, P., Francis, G. A., Gaudet, D., Hegele, R. A., Khoury, E., Mancini, G. B. J., Mccrindle, B. W., Paquette, M., Ruel, I., Cuevas, A., Asenjo, S., Wang, X., Meng, K., Song, X., Yong, Q., Jiang, T., Liu, Z., Duan, Y., Hong, J., Ye, P., Chen, Y., Qi, J., Li, Y., Zhang, C., Peng, J., Yang, Y., Yu, W., Wang, Q., Yuan, H., Cheng, S., Jiang, L., Chong, M., Jiao, J., Wu, Y., Wen, W., Xu, L., Zhang, R., Qu, Y., He, J., Fan, X., Wang, Z., Chow, E., Pecin, I., Perica, D., Symeonides, P., Vrablik, M., Ceska, R., Soska, V., Tichy, L., Adamkova, V., Franekova, J., Cifkova, R., Kraml, P., Vonaskova, K., Cepova, J., Dusejovska, M., Pavlickova, L., Blaha, V., Rosolova, H., Nussbaumerova, B., Cibulka, R., Vaverkova, H., Cibickova, L., Krejsova, Z., Rehouskova, K., Malina, P., Budikova, M., Palanova, V., Solcova, L., Lubasova, A., Podzimkova, H., Bujdak, J., Vesely, J., Jordanova, M., Salek, T., Urbanek, R., Zemek, S., Lacko, J., Halamkova, H., Machacova, S., Mala, S., Cubova, E., Valoskova, K., Burda, L., Bendary, A., Daoud, I., Emil, S., Elbahry, A., Rafla, S., Sanad, O., Kazamel, G., Ashraf, M., Sobhy, M., El-Hadidy, A., Shafy, M. A., Kamal, S., Bendary, M., Talviste, G., Angoulvant, D., Boccara, F., Cariou, B., Carreau, V., Carrie, A., Charrieres, S., Cottin, Y., Di-Fillipo, M., Ducluzeau, P. H., Dulong, S., Durlach, V., Farnier, M., Ferrari, E., Ferrieres, D., Ferrieres, J., Gallo, A., Hankard, R., Inamo, J., Lemale, J., Moulin, P., Paillard, F., Peretti, N., Perrin, A., Pradignac, A., Rabes, J. P., Rigalleau, V., Sultan, A., Schiele, F., Tounian, P., Valero, R., Verges, B., Yelnik, C., Ziegler, O., Haack, I. A., Schmidt, N., Dressel, A., Klein, I., Christmann, J., Sonntag, A., Stumpp, C., Boger, D., Biedermann, D., Usme, M. M. N., Beil, F. U., Klose, G., Konig, C., Gouni-Berthold, I., Otte, B., Boll, G., Kirschbaum, A., Merke, J., Scholl, J., Segiet, T., Gebauer, M., Predica, F., Mayer, M., Leistikow, F., Fullgraf-Horst, S., Muller, C., Schuler, M., Wiener, J., Hein, K., Baumgartner, P., Kopf, S., Busch, R., Schomig, M., Matthias, S., Allendorf-Ostwald, N., Fink, B., Bohm, D., Jakel, A., Koschker, A. -C., Schweizer, R., Vogt, A., Parhofer, K., Konig, W., Reinhard, W., Bassler, A., Stadelmann, A., Schrader, V., Katzmann, J., Tarr, A., Steinhagen-Thiessen, E., Kassner, U., Paulsen, G., Homberger, J., Zemmrich, C., Seeger, W., Biolik, K., Deiss, D., Richter, C., Pantchechnikova, E., Dorn, E., Schatz, U., Julius, U., Spens, A., Wiesner, T., Scholl, M., Rizos, C. V., Sakkas, N., Elisaf, M., Skoumas, I., Tziomalos, K., Rallidis, L., Kotsis, V., Doumas, M., Athyros, V., Skalidis, E., Kolovou, G., Garoufi, A., Bilianou, E., Koutagiar, I., Agapakis, D., Kiouri, E., Antza, C., Katsiki, N., Zacharis, E., Attilakos, A., Sfikas, G., Koumaras, C., Anagnostis, P., Anastasiou, G., Liamis, G., Koutsogianni, A. -D., Karanyi, Z., Harangi, M., Bajnok, L., Audikovszky, M., Mark, L., Benczur, B., Reiber, I., Nagy, G., Nagy, A., Reddy, L. L., Shah, S. A. V., Ponde, C. K., Dalal, J. J., Sawhney, J. P. S., Verma, I. C., Altaey, M., Al-Jumaily, K., Rasul, D., Abdalsahib, A. F., Jabbar, A. A., Al-ageedi, M., Agar, R., Cohen, H., Ellis, A., Gavishv, D., Harats, D., Henkin, Y., Knobler, H., Leavit, L., Leitersdorf, E., Rubinstein, A., Schurr, D., Shpitzen, S., Szalat, A., Casula, M., Zampoleri, V., Gazzotti, M., Olmastroni, E., Sarzani, R., Ferri, C., Repetti, E., Sabba, C., Bossi, A. C., Borghi, C., Muntoni, S., Cipollone, F., Purrello, F., Pujia, A., Passaro, A., Marcucci, R., Pecchioli, V., Pisciotta, L., Mandraffino, G., Pellegatta, F., Mombelli, G., Branchi, A., Fiorenza, A. M., Pederiva, C., Werba, J. P., Parati, G., Carubbi, F., Iughetti, L., Iannuzzi, A., Iannuzzo, G., Calabro, P., Averna, M., Biasucci, G., Zambon, S., Roscini, A. R., Trenti, C., Arca, M., Federici, M., Del Ben, M., Bartuli, A., Giaccari, A., Pipolo, A., Citroni, N., Guardamagna, O., Bonomo, K., Benso, A., Biolo, G., Maroni, L., Lupi, A., Bonanni, L., Zenti, M. G., Matsuki, K., Hori, M., Ogura, M., Masuda, D., Kobayashi, T., Nagahama, K., Al-Jarallah, M., Radovic, M., Lunegova, O., Bektasheva, E., Khodzhiboboev, E., Erglis, A., Gilis, D., Nesterovics, G., Saripo, V., Meiere, R., Upena-RozeMicena, A., Terauda, E., Jambart, S., Khoury, P. E., Elbitar, S., Ayoub, C., Ghaleb, Y., Aliosaitiene, U., Kutkiene, S., Kasim, N. A. M., Nor, N. S. M., Ramli, A. S., Razak, S. A., Al-Khateeb, A., Kadir, S. H. S. A., Muid, S. A., Rahman, T. A., Kasim, S. S., Radzi, A. B. M., Ibrahim, K. S., Razali, S., Ismail, Z., Ghani, R. A., Hafidz, M. I. A., Chua, A. L., Rosli, M. M., Annamalai, M., Teh, L. K., Razali, R., Chua, Y. A., Rosman, A., Sanusi, A. R., Murad, N. A. A., Jamal, A. R. A., Nazli, S. A., Razman, A. Z., Rosman, N., Rahmat, R., Hamzan, N. S., Azzopardi, C., Mehta, R., Martagon, A. J., Ramirez, G. A. G., Villa, N. E. A., Vazquez, A. V., Elias-Lopez, D., Retana, G. G., Rodriguez, B., Macias, J. J. C., Zazueta, A. R., Alvarado, R. M., Portano, J. D. M., Lopez, H. A., Sauque-Reyna, L., Herrera, L. G. G., Mendia, L. E. S., Aguilar, H. G., Cooremans, E. R., Aparicio, B. P., Zubieta, V. M., Gonzalez, P. A. C., Ferreira-Hermosillo, A., Portilla, N. C., Dominguez, G. J., Garcia, A. Y. R., Cazares, H. E. A., Gonzalez, J. R., Valencia, C. V. M., Padilla, F. G., Prado, R. M., De los Rios Ibarra, M. O., Villicana, R. D. A., Rivera, K. J. A., Carrera, R. A., Alvarez, J. A., Martinez, J. C. A., de los Reyes Barrera Bustillo, M., Vargas, G. C., Chacon, R. C., Andrade, M. H. F., Ortega, A. F., Alcala, H. G., de Leon, L. E. G., Guzman, B. G., Garcia, J. J. G., Cuellar, J. C. G., Cruz, J. R. G., Garcia, A. H., Almada, J. R. H., Herrera, U. J., Sobrevilla, F. L., Rodriguez, E. M., Sibaja, C. M., Rodriguez, A. B. M., Oyervides, J. C. M., Vazquez, D. I. P., Rodriguez, E. A. R., Osorio, M. L. R., Saucedo, J. R., Tamayo, M. T., Talavera, L. A. V., Arroyo, L. E. V., Carrillo, E. A. Z., Isara, A., Obaseki, D. E., Al-Waili, K., Al-Zadjali, F., Al-Zakwani, I., Al-Kindi, M., Al-Mukhaini, S., Al-Barwani, H., Rana, A., Shah, L. S. U., Starostecka, E., Konopka, A., Lewek, J., Bartlomiejczyk, M., Gasior, M., Dyrbus, K., Jozwiak, J., Gruchala, M., Pajkowski, M., Romanowska-Kocejko, M., Zarczynska-Buchowiecka, M., Chmara, M., Wasag, B., Parczewska, A., Gilis-Malinowska, N., Borowiec-Wolna, J., Strozyk, A., Wos, M., Michalska-Grzonkowska, A., Medeiros, A. M., Alves, A. C., Silva, F., Lobarinhas, G., Palma, I., de Moura, J. P., Rico, M. T., Rato, Q., Pais, P., Correia, S., Moldovan, O., Virtuoso, M. J., Salgado, J. M., Colaco, I., Dumitrescu, A., Lengher, C., Mosteoru, S., Meshkov, A., Ershova, A., Rozkova, T., Korneva, V., Yu, K. T., Zafiraki, V., Voevoda, M., Gurevich, V., Duplyakov, D., Ragino, Y., Safarova, M., Shaposhnik, I., Alkaf, F., Khudari, A., Rwaili, N., Al-Allaf, F., Alghamdi, M., Batais, M. A., Almigbal, T. H., Kinsara, A., Alqudaimi, A. H. A., Awan, Z., Elamin, O. A., Altaradi, H., Rajkovic, N., Popovic, L., Singh, S., Stosic, L., Rasulic, I., Lalic, N. M., Lam, C., Le, T. J., Siang, E. L. T., Dissanayake, S., I-Shing, J. T., Shyong, T. E., Jin, T. C. S., Balinth, K., Buganova, I., Fabryova, L., Kadurova, M., Klabnik, A., Kozarova, M., Sirotiakova, J., Battelino, T., Kovac, J., Mlinaric, M., Sustar, U., Podkrajsek, K. T., Fras, Z., Jug, B., Cevc, M., Pilcher, G. J., Blom, D. J., Wolmarans, K. H., Brice, B. C., Muniz-Grijalvo, O., Diaz-Diaz, J. L., de Isla, L. P., Fuentes, F., Badimon, L., Martin, F., Lux, A., Chang, N. -T., Ganokroj, P., Akbulut, M., Alici, G., Bayram, F., Can, L. H., Celik, A., Ceyhan, C., Coskun, F. Y., Demir, M., Demircan, S., Dogan, V., Durakoglugil, E., Dural, I. E., Gedikli, O., Hacioglu, A., Ildizli, M., Kilic, S., Kirilmaz, B., Kutlu, M., Oguz, A., Ozdogan, O., Onrat, E., Ozer, S., Sabuncu, T., Sahin, T., Sivri, F., Sonmez, A., Temizhan, A., Topcu, S., Tuncez, A., Vural, M., Yenercag, M., Yesilbursa, D., Yigit, Z., Yildirim, A. B., Yildirir, A., Yilmaz, M. B., Atallah, B., Traina, M., Sabbour, H., Hay, D. A., Luqman, N., Elfatih, A., Abdulrasheed, A., Kwok, S., Oca, N. D., Reyes, X., Alieva, R. B., Kurbanov, R. D., Hoshimov, S. U., Nizamov, U. I., Ziyaeva, A. V., Abdullaeva, G. J., Do, D. L., Nguyen, M. N. T., Kim, N. T., Le, T. T., Le, H. A., Tokgozoglu, L., Catapano, A. L., Ray, K. K., and EAS Familial Hypercholesterolaemia Studies Collaboration (FHSC), Borghi C

Subjects
Male, Settore MED/09 - Medicina Interna, Arterial disease, Cross-sectional study, Adult population, Coronary Disease, Disease, Global Health, Medical and Health Sciences, Doenças Cardio e Cérebro-vasculares, Anticholesteremic Agent, Monoclonal, Prevalence, Registries, Familial Hypercholesterolemia, Humanized, Stroke, 11 Medical and Health Sciences, LS2_9, Studies Collaboration, Anticholesteremic Agents, General Medicine, Heart Disease Risk Factor, Middle Aged, FHSC global registry data, Europe, Treatment Outcome, Lower prevalence, Guidance, lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins), Female, Proprotein Convertase 9, Familial hypercholesterolaemia, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, Human, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Combination therapy, FHSC global registry, heterozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia, Cardiovascular risk factors, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized, Insights, Antibodies, NO, Hyperlipoproteinemia Type II, Clinician, Medicine, General & Internal, Internal medicine, General & Internal Medicine, Health Sciences, medicine, Humans, EAS Familial Hypercholesterolaemia Studies Collaboration (FHSC), Cross-Sectional Studie, Science & Technology, Global Perspective, business.industry, Cholesterol, LDL, medicine.disease, Cross-Sectional Studies, Heart Disease Risk Factors, Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitor, Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors, business
Abstract

Background The European Atherosclerosis Society Familial Hypercholesterolaemia Studies Collaboration (FHSC) global registry provides a platform for the global surveillance of familial hypercholesterolaemia through harmonisation and pooling of multinational data. In this study, we aimed to characterise the adult population with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia and described how it is detected and managed globally. Methods Using FHSC global registry data, we did a cross-sectional assessment of adults (aged 18 years or older) with a clinical or genetic diagnosis of probable or definite heterozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia at the time they were entered into the registries. Data were assessed overall and by WHO regions, sex, and index versus non-index cases. Findings Of the 61 612 individuals in the registry, 42 167 adults (21 999 [53.6%] women) from 56 countries were included in the study. Of these, 31 798 (75.4%) were diagnosed with the Dutch Lipid Clinic Network criteria, and 35 490 (84.2%) were from the WHO region of Europe. Median age of participants at entry in the registry was 46.2 years (IQR 34.3-58.0); median age at diagnosis of familial hypercholesterolaemia was 44.4 years (32.5-56.5), with 40.2% of participants younger than 40 years when diagnosed. Prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors increased progressively with age and varied by WHO region. Prevalence of coronary disease was 17.4% (2.1% for stroke and 5.2% for peripheral artery disease), increasing with concentrations of untreated LDL cholesterol, and was about two times lower in women than in men. Among patients receiving lipid-lowering medications, 16 803 (81.1%) were receiving statins and 3691 (21.2%) were on combination therapy, with greater use of more potent lipid-lowering medication in men than in women. Median LDL cholesterol was 5.43 mmol/L (IQR 4.32-6.72) among patients not taking lipid-lowering medications and 4.23 mmol/L (3.20-5.66) among those taking them. Among patients taking lipid-lowering medications, 2.7% had LDL cholesterol lower than 1.8 mmol/L; the use of combination therapy, particularly with three drugs and with proprotein convertase subtilisin-kexin type 9 inhibitors, was associated with a higher proportion and greater odds of having LDL cholesterol lower than 1.8 mmol/L. Compared with index cases, patients who were non-index cases were younger, with lower LDL cholesterol and lower prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors and cardiovascular diseases (all p, Pfizer Independent Grant for Learning Change [16157823]; Amgen; Merck Sharp Dohme; Sanofi-Aventis; Daiichi Sankyo; Regeneron; National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Imperial Biomedical Research Centre, UK; NIHR; Czech Ministry of Health [NU20-02-00261]; Canadian Institutes of Health Research; Austrian Heart Foundation; Tyrolean Regional Government; Gulf Heart Association, The EAS FHSC is an academic initiative that has received funding from a Pfizer Independent Grant for Learning & Change 2014 (16157823) and from investigator-initiated research grants to the European Atherosclerosis Society-Imperial College London from Amgen, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Sanofi-Aventis, Daiichi Sankyo, and Regeneron. KKR acknowledges support from the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Imperial Biomedical Research Centre, UK. KID acknowledges support from a PhD Studentship from NIHR under the Applied Health Research programme for Northwest London, UK (the views expressed in this publication are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the National Health Service, the NIHR, or the Department of Health). TF was supported by a grant from the Czech Ministry of Health (NU20-02-00261). JG receives support from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research. The Austrian Familial Hypercholesterolaemia registry has been supported by funds from the Austrian Heart Foundation and the Tyrolean Regional Government. The Gulf Familial Hypercholesterolaemia registry was done under the auspices of the Gulf Heart Association.

Published
2021
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48. Dos siglos de gestión del Estado Francés de la contaminación industrial

Author

Geneviève Massard-Guilbaud and Pablo Corral Broto

Subjects
regulación, actividades molestas, Francia, siglos XVIII-XX, Environmental sciences, GE1-350, Latin America. Spanish America, F1201-3799
Abstract

Este trabajo es fruto de una conferencia pronunciada en Granada en 2012 cuya intención era proveer una vista generalizada a cerca de la actitud del Estado francés sobre la contaminación industrial durante los dos siglos que transcurren de 1770 hasta 1970. En él se analiza el sentido que alcanzó la reforma legal de los modos tradicionales de regulación de la actividad industrial para proteger la propiedad industrial tras la Revolución Francesa por parte del Estado, así como la evolución posterior hasta llegar a la toma de conciencia ambiental por parte de ciertos grupos bastante heterogéneos de la sociedad civil. Ese periodo fue afectado por un giro importante en cuanto a la necesidad de proteger la salud humana y el medio ambiente.

Published
2013

49. Ciencias sociales y colonialidad científica: retos desde y para España, Francia y el Océano Índico

Author

Pablo Corral-Broto, Déplacements, Identités, Regards, Écritures (DIRE), and Université de La Réunion (UR)

Subjects
[SHS.HISPHILSO]Humanities and Social Sciences/History, Philosophy and Sociology of Sciences, [SHS.ENVIR]Humanities and Social Sciences/Environmental studies, [SHS.HIST]Humanities and Social Sciences/History, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2020

50. Phenotypical, Clinical, and Molecular Aspects of Adults and Children With Homozygous Familial Hypercholesterolemia in Iberoamerica

Author

Ana Catarina, Alves, Rodrigo, Alonso, José Luís, Diaz-Diaz, Ana Margarida, Medeiros, Cinthia E, Jannes, Alonso, Merchan, Norma A, Vasques-Cardenas, Ada, Cuevas, Ana Paula, Chacra, Jose E, Krieger, Raquel, Arroyo, Francisco, Arrieta, Laura, Schreier, Pablo, Corral, Virginia G, Bañares, Maria B, Araujo, Paula, Bustos, Sylvia, Asenjo, Mario, Stoll, Nicolás, Dell'Oca, Maria, Reyes, Andrés, Ressia, Rafael, Campo, Maria T, Magaña-Torres, Roopa, Metha, Carlos A, Aguilar-Salinas, José J, Ceballos-Macias, Álvaro J Ruiz, Morales, Pedro, Mata, Mafalda, Bourbon, and Raul D, Santos

Subjects
Adult, Male, Adolescent, Hypercholesterolemia, Doenças Cardio e Cérebro-vasculares, Hyperlipoproteinemia Type II, Young Adult, Risk Factors, Cardiovascular Disease, Humans, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Familial Hypercholesterolemia, Child, Mexico, Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing, Retrospective Studies, Homozygote, Age Factors, Cholesterol, LDL, Middle Aged, South America, Atherosclerosis, Europe, Iberoamerica, Cross-Sectional Studies, Cholesterol, Phenotype, Receptors, LDL, Cardiovascular Diseases, Child, Preschool, Apolipoprotein B-100, Mutation, Female, Proprotein Convertase 9, Biomarkers
Abstract

Objective: Characterize homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (HoFH) individuals from Iberoamerica. Approach and Results: In a cross-sectional retrospective evaluation 134 individuals with a HoFH phenotype, 71 adults (age 39.3±15.8 years, 38.0% males), and 63 children (age 8.8±4.0 years, 50.8% males) were studied. Genetic characterization was available in 129 (96%). The majority (91%) were true homozygotes (true HoFH, n=79, 43.0% children, 46.8% males) or compound heterozygotes (compound heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia, n=39, 51.3% children, 46.2% males) with putative pathogenic variants in the LDLR. True HoFH due to LDLR variants had higher total (P=0.015) and LDL (low-density lipoprotein)-cholesterol (P=0.008) compared with compound heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia. Children with true HoFH (n=34) tended to be diagnosed earlier (P=0.051) and had a greater frequency of xanthomas (P=0.016) than those with compound heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (n=20). Previous major cardiovascular events were present in 25 (48%) of 52 children (missing information in 2 cases), and in 43 (67%) of 64 adults with LDLR variants. Children who are true HoFH had higher frequency of major cardiovascular events (P=0.02), coronary heart (P=0.013), and aortic/supra-aortic valve diseases (P=0.022) than compound heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia. In adults, no differences were observed in major cardiovascular events according to type of LDLR variant. From 118 subjects with LDLR variants, 76 (64%) had 2 likely pathogenic or pathogenic variants. In 89 subjects with 2 LDLR variants, those with at least one null allele were younger (P=0.003) and had a greater frequency of major cardiovascular events (P=0.038) occurring at an earlier age (P=0.001). Conclusions: There was a high frequency of cardiovascular disease even in children. Phenotype and cardiovascular complications were heterogeneous and associated with the type of molecular defect. R.D. Santos is a recipient of a scholarship from the Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Tecnologico (CNPq) process No. 303734/2018-3. info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Published
2020

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