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1. Self-Managing Peer Team as a Facilitator of Online Teaching

Author

Helena Kantanen, Kati Kasanen, Susanna Kohonen, Vesa Paajanen, Sanni Pirttilä, and Piia Siitonen

Abstract

Purpose: This qualitative study assesses the enablers of the work of a novel, self-managing digital pedagogy peer support team in a Finnish higher education institution. Design/methodology/approach: This study employs a qualitative methodology with in-depth interviews of five digital pedagogy facilitators. The data collected are analyzed with the ATLAS.ti software. The analytical approach follows a deductive method, applying the categories derived from Magpili and Pazos (2018) who investigated the input variables of self-managing teams through their extensive literature review. Findings: The primary findings underscore the suitability of Magpili and Pazos' variables for evaluating the performance enablers of self-managing teams. Furthermore, the findings emphasize the significance of leadership and effective communication as essential prerequisites for achieving elevated performance levels. Research limitations/implications: This study focuses on the enablers of team performance from the perspective of the team members. To enhance comprehensiveness, subsequent phases should incorporate viewpoints from clients, namely peer instructors, and focus on the mediator and outcome aspects of the team effectiveness framework. Practical implications: This study offers actionable recommendations for higher education institutions aiming to adopt a peer mentor model akin to the one delineated in the study. Originality/value: This study analyzes a collaborative approach to advancing digital pedagogy within higher education institutions and discusses the enablers for successful performance within self-managing teams.

Published
2025
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4. Unique genetic and risk-factor profiles in clusters of major depressive disorder-related multimorbidity trajectories

Author

Gezsi, Andras, Van der Auwera, Sandra, Mäkinen, Hannu, Eszlari, Nora, Hullam, Gabor, Nagy, Tamas, Bonk, Sarah, González-Colom, Rubèn, Gonda, Xenia, Garvert, Linda, Paajanen, Teemu, Gal, Zsofia, Kirchner, Kevin, Millinghoffer, Andras, Schmidt, Carsten O., Bolgar, Bence, Roca, Josep, Cano, Isaac, Kuokkanen, Mikko, Antal, Peter, and Juhasz, Gabriella

Published
2024
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6. Subjective Evaluation of Deep Neural Network Based Speech Enhancement Systems in Real-World Conditions

Author

Naithani, Gaurav, Pietilä, Kirsi, Niemistö, Riitta, Paajanen, Erkki, Takala, Tero, and Virtanen, Tuomas

Subjects
Computer Science - Sound, Computer Science - Multimedia, Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Audio and Speech Processing
Abstract

Subjective evaluation results for two low-latency deep neural networks (DNN) are compared to a matured version of a traditional Wiener-filter based noise suppressor. The target use-case is real-world single-channel speech enhancement applications, e.g., communications. Real-world recordings consisting of additive stationary and non-stationary noise types are included. The evaluation is divided into four outcomes: speech quality, noise transparency, speech intelligibility or listening effort, and noise level w.r.t. speech. It is shown that DNNs improve noise suppression in all conditions in comparison to the traditional Wiener-filter baseline without major degradation in speech quality and noise transparency while maintaining speech intelligibility better than the baseline., Comment: Accepted for publication in IEEE MMSP 2022

Published
2022

7. Embedded quantitative MRI T1rho mapping using non-linear primal-dual proximal splitting

Author

Hanhela, Matti, Paajanen, Antti, Nissi, Mikko J., and Kolehmainen, Ville

Subjects
Physics - Medical Physics, Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Image and Video Processing
Abstract

Quantitative MRI (qMRI) methods allow reducing the subjectivity of clinical MRI by providing numerical values on which diagnostic assessment or predictions of tissue properties can be based. However, qMRI measurements typically take more time than anatomical imaging due to requiring multiple measurements with varying contrasts for, e.g., relaxation time mapping. To reduce the scanning time, undersampled data may be combined with compressed sensing reconstruction techniques. Typical CS reconstructions first reconstruct a complex-valued set of images corresponding to the varying contrasts, followed by a non-linear signal model fit to obtain the parameter maps. We propose a direct, embedded reconstruction method for T1rho mapping. The proposed method capitalizes on a known signal model to directly reconstruct the desired parameter map using a non-linear optimization model. The proposed reconstruction method also allows directly regularizing the parameter map of interest, and greatly reduces the number of unknowns in the reconstruction. We test the proposed model using a simulated radially sampled data from a 2D phantom and 2D cartesian ex vivo measurements of a mouse kidney specimen. We compare the embedded reconstruction model to two CS reconstruction models, and in the cartesian test case also iFFT. The proposed, embedded model outperformed the reference methods on both test cases, especially with higher acceleration factors.

Published
2022

11. Beneficial effects of choir singing on cognition and well-being of older adults: Evidence from a cross-sectional study

Author

Pentikäinen, Emmi, Pitkäniemi, Anni, Siponkoski, Sini-Tuuli, Jansson, Maarit, Louhivuori, Jukka, Johnson, Julene K, Paajanen, Teemu, and Särkämö, Teppo

Subjects
Basic Behavioral and Social Science, Mental Health, Neurosciences, Clinical Research, Behavioral and Social Science, Aging, Aged, Cognition, Cohort Studies, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Quality of Life, Singing, Speech, Surveys and Questionnaires, General Science & Technology
Abstract

Background and objectivesChoir singing has been associated with better mood and quality of life (QOL) in healthy older adults, but little is known about its potential cognitive benefits in aging. In this study, our aim was to compare the subjective (self-reported) and objective (test-based) cognitive functioning of senior choir singers and matched control subjects, coupled with assessment of mood, QOL, and social functioning.Research design and methodsWe performed a cross-sectional questionnaire study in 162 healthy older (age ≥ 60 years) adults (106 choir singers, 56 controls), including measures of cognition, mood, social engagement, QOL, and role of music in daily life. The choir singers were divided to low (1-10 years, N = 58) and high (>10 years, N = 48) activity groups based on years of choir singing experience throughout their life span. A subcohort of 74 participants (39 choir singers, 35 controls) were assessed also with a neuropsychological testing battery.ResultsIn the neuropsychological testing, choir singers performed better than controls on the verbal flexibility domain of executive function, but not on other cognitive domains. In questionnaires, high activity choir singers showed better social integration than controls and low activity choir singers. In contrast, low activity choir singers had better general health than controls and high activity choir singers.Discussion and implicationsIn healthy older adults, regular choir singing is associated with better verbal flexibility. Long-standing choir activity is linked to better social engagement and more recently commenced choir activity to better general health.

Published
2021

12. Author Correction: Genomics and biochemical analyses reveal a metabolon key to β-L-ODAP biosynthesis in Lathyrus sativus

Author

Edwards, Anne, Njaci, Isaac, Sarkar, Abhimanyu, Jiang, Zhouqian, Kaithakottil, Gemy George, Moore, Christopher, Cheema, Jitender, Stevenson, Clare E. M., Rejzek, Martin, Novák, Petr, Vigouroux, Marielle, Vickers, Martin, Wouters, Roland H. M., Paajanen, Pirita, Steuernagel, Burkhard, Moore, Jonathan D., Higgins, Janet, Swarbreck, David, Martens, Stefan, Kim, Colin Y., Weng, Jing-Ke, Mundree, Sagadevan, Kilian, Benjamin, Kumar, Shiv, Loose, Matt, Yant, Levi, Macas, Jiří, Wang, Trevor L., Martin, Cathie, and Emmrich, Peter M. F.

Published
2023
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13. A FinnGen pilot clinical recall study for Alzheimer’s disease

Author

Julkunen, Valtteri, Schwarz, Claudia, Kalapudas, Juho, Hallikainen, Merja, Piironen, Aino-Kaisa, Mannermaa, Arto, Kujala, Hanna, Laitinen, Timo, Kosma, Veli-Matti, Paajanen, Teemu I., Kälviäinen, Reetta, Hiltunen, Mikko, Herukka, Sanna-Kaisa, Kärkkäinen, Sari, Kokkola, Tarja, Urjansson, Mia, Perola, Markus, Palotie, Aarno, Vuoksimaa, Eero, and Runz, Heiko

Published
2023
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14. Genomics and biochemical analyses reveal a metabolon key to β-L-ODAP biosynthesis in Lathyrus sativus

Author

Edwards, Anne, Njaci, Isaac, Sarkar, Abhimanyu, Jiang, Zhouqian, Kaithakottil, Gemy George, Moore, Christopher, Cheema, Jitender, Stevenson, Clare E. M., Rejzek, Martin, Novák, Petr, Vigouroux, Marielle, Vickers, Martin, Wouters, Roland H. M., Paajanen, Pirita, Steuernagel, Burkhard, Moore, Jonathan D., Higgins, Janet, Swarbreck, David, Martens, Stefan, Kim, Colin Y., Weng, Jing-Ke, Mundree, Sagadevan, Kilian, Benjamin, Kumar, Shiv, Loose, Matt, Yant, Levi, Macas, Jiří, Wang, Trevor L., Martin, Cathie, and Emmrich, Peter M. F.

Published
2023
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15. FinnGen provides genetic insights from a well-phenotyped isolated population

Author

Kurki, Mitja I., Karjalainen, Juha, Palta, Priit, Sipilä, Timo P., Kristiansson, Kati, Donner, Kati M., Reeve, Mary P., Laivuori, Hannele, Aavikko, Mervi, Kaunisto, Mari A., Loukola, Anu, Lahtela, Elisa, Mattsson, Hannele, Laiho, Päivi, Della Briotta Parolo, Pietro, Lehisto, Arto A., Kanai, Masahiro, Mars, Nina, Rämö, Joel, Kiiskinen, Tuomo, Heyne, Henrike O., Veerapen, Kumar, Rüeger, Sina, Lemmelä, Susanna, Zhou, Wei, Ruotsalainen, Sanni, Pärn, Kalle, Hiekkalinna, Tero, Koskelainen, Sami, Paajanen, Teemu, Llorens, Vincent, Gracia-Tabuenca, Javier, Siirtola, Harri, Reis, Kadri, Elnahas, Abdelrahman G., Sun, Benjamin, Foley, Christopher N., Aalto-Setälä, Katriina, Alasoo, Kaur, Arvas, Mikko, Auro, Kirsi, Biswas, Shameek, Bizaki-Vallaskangas, Argyro, Carpen, Olli, Chen, Chia-Yen, Dada, Oluwaseun A., Ding, Zhihao, Ehm, Margaret G., Eklund, Kari, Färkkilä, Martti, Finucane, Hilary, Ganna, Andrea, Ghazal, Awaisa, Graham, Robert R., Green, Eric M., Hakanen, Antti, Hautalahti, Marco, Hedman, Åsa K., Hiltunen, Mikko, Hinttala, Reetta, Hovatta, Iiris, Hu, Xinli, Huertas-Vazquez, Adriana, Huilaja, Laura, Hunkapiller, Julie, Jacob, Howard, Jensen, Jan-Nygaard, Joensuu, Heikki, John, Sally, Julkunen, Valtteri, Jung, Marc, Junttila, Juhani, Kaarniranta, Kai, Kähönen, Mika, Kajanne, Risto, Kallio, Lila, Kälviäinen, Reetta, Kaprio, Jaakko, Kerimov, Nurlan, Kettunen, Johannes, Kilpeläinen, Elina, Kilpi, Terhi, Klinger, Katherine, Kosma, Veli-Matti, Kuopio, Teijo, Kurra, Venla, Laisk, Triin, Laukkanen, Jari, Lawless, Nathan, Liu, Aoxing, Longerich, Simonne, Mägi, Reedik, Mäkelä, Johanna, Mäkitie, Antti, Malarstig, Anders, Mannermaa, Arto, Maranville, Joseph, Matakidou, Athena, Meretoja, Tuomo, Mozaffari, Sahar V., Niemi, Mari E. K., Niemi, Marianna, Niiranen, Teemu, O´Donnell, Christopher J., Obeidat, Ma´en, Okafo, George, Ollila, Hanna M., Palomäki, Antti, Palotie, Tuula, Partanen, Jukka, Paul, Dirk S., Pelkonen, Margit, Pendergrass, Rion K., Petrovski, Slavé, Pitkäranta, Anne, Platt, Adam, Pulford, David, Punkka, Eero, Pussinen, Pirkko, Raghavan, Neha, Rahimov, Fedik, Rajpal, Deepak, Renaud, Nicole A., Riley-Gillis, Bridget, Rodosthenous, Rodosthenis, Saarentaus, Elmo, Salminen, Aino, Salminen, Eveliina, Salomaa, Veikko, Schleutker, Johanna, Serpi, Raisa, Shen, Huei-yi, Siegel, Richard, Silander, Kaisa, Siltanen, Sanna, Soini, Sirpa, Soininen, Hilkka, Sul, Jae Hoon, Tachmazidou, Ioanna, Tasanen, Kaisa, Tienari, Pentti, Toppila-Salmi, Sanna, Tukiainen, Taru, Tuomi, Tiinamaija, Turunen, Joni A., Ulirsch, Jacob C., Vaura, Felix, Virolainen, Petri, Waring, Jeffrey, Waterworth, Dawn, Yang, Robert, Nelis, Mari, Reigo, Anu, Metspalu, Andres, Milani, Lili, Esko, Tõnu, Fox, Caroline, Havulinna, Aki S., Perola, Markus, Ripatti, Samuli, Jalanko, Anu, Laitinen, Tarja, Mäkelä, Tomi P., Plenge, Robert, McCarthy, Mark, Runz, Heiko, Daly, Mark J., and Palotie, Aarno

Published
2023
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18. Effect of remdesivir post hospitalization for COVID-19 infection from the randomized SOLIDARITY Finland trial

Author

Nevalainen, Olli P. O., Horstia, Saana, Laakkonen, Sanna, Rutanen, Jarno, Mustonen, Jussi M. J., Kalliala, Ilkka E. J., Ansakorpi, Hanna, Kreivi, Hanna-Riikka, Kuutti, Pauliina, Paajanen, Juuso, Parkkila, Seppo, Paukkeri, Erja-Leena, Perola, Markus, Pourjamal, Negar, Renner, Andreas, Rosberg, Tuomas, Rutanen, Taija, Savolainen, Joni, Haukka, Jari K., Guyatt, Gordon H., and Tikkinen, Kari A. O.

Published
2022
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19. From Emergency Room to Operating Room: Multidisciplinary Simulation Training in Emergency Laparotomy for Ruptured Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm – Learning Outcomes and Costs

Author

Ylönen, Marika, Paajanen, Paavo, Kukkonen, Tiia, Torkki, Paulus, Paloneva, Juha, and Rosqvist, Eerika

Abstract

Opportunities to practice emergency laparotomy (EL) and open surgical repair (OSR) for a ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm (rAAA) are limited. While simulation-based training (SBT) is effective in educating healthcare professionals in medical emergencies, SBT specifically in EL and OSR for rAAA is scarce. It takes a team to diagnose a patient with massive abdominal bleeding, such as in rAAA, to organize primary care, and to provide definite treatment without unnecessary delays. This study investigated the effects of multidisciplinary EL simulation training in OSR for rAAA, from the emergency room (ER) to the operating room (OR), on trainees’ learning outcomes and the costs of the training.

Published
2025
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22. Evolutionary genomics of the cold-adapted diatom Fragilariopsis cylindrus.

Author

Mock, Thomas, Otillar, Robert P, Strauss, Jan, McMullan, Mark, Paajanen, Pirita, Schmutz, Jeremy, Salamov, Asaf, Sanges, Remo, Toseland, Andrew, Ward, Ben J, Allen, Andrew E, Dupont, Christopher L, Frickenhaus, Stephan, Maumus, Florian, Veluchamy, Alaguraj, Wu, Taoyang, Barry, Kerrie W, Falciatore, Angela, Ferrante, Maria I, Fortunato, Antonio E, Glöckner, Gernot, Gruber, Ansgar, Hipkin, Rachel, Janech, Michael G, Kroth, Peter G, Leese, Florian, Lindquist, Erika A, Lyon, Barbara R, Martin, Joel, Mayer, Christoph, Parker, Micaela, Quesneville, Hadi, Raymond, James A, Uhlig, Christiane, Valas, Ruben E, Valentin, Klaus U, Worden, Alexandra Z, Armbrust, E Virginia, Clark, Matthew D, Bowler, Chris, Green, Beverley R, Moulton, Vincent, van Oosterhout, Cock, and Grigoriev, Igor V

Subjects
Diatoms, Carbon Dioxide, Iron, Gene Expression Profiling, Genomics, Ice Cover, Acclimatization, Evolution, Molecular, Phylogeny, Recombination, Genetic, Genetic Drift, Alleles, Genome, Darkness, Freezing, Oceans and Seas, Cold Temperature, Transcriptome, Mutation Rate, Evolution, Molecular, Recombination, Genetic, General Science & Technology
Abstract

The Southern Ocean houses a diverse and productive community of organisms. Unicellular eukaryotic diatoms are the main primary producers in this environment, where photosynthesis is limited by low concentrations of dissolved iron and large seasonal fluctuations in light, temperature and the extent of sea ice. How diatoms have adapted to this extreme environment is largely unknown. Here we present insights into the genome evolution of a cold-adapted diatom from the Southern Ocean, Fragilariopsis cylindrus, based on a comparison with temperate diatoms. We find that approximately 24.7 per cent of the diploid F. cylindrus genome consists of genetic loci with alleles that are highly divergent (15.1 megabases of the total genome size of 61.1 megabases). These divergent alleles were differentially expressed across environmental conditions, including darkness, low iron, freezing, elevated temperature and increased CO2. Alleles with the largest ratio of non-synonymous to synonymous nucleotide substitutions also show the most pronounced condition-dependent expression, suggesting a correlation between diversifying selection and allelic differentiation. Divergent alleles may be involved in adaptation to environmental fluctuations in the Southern Ocean.

Published
2017

23. Author Correction: FinnGen provides genetic insights from a well-phenotyped isolated population

Author

Kurki, Mitja I., Karjalainen, Juha, Palta, Priit, Sipilä, Timo P., Kristiansson, Kati, Donner, Kati M., Reeve, Mary P., Laivuori, Hannele, Aavikko, Mervi, Kaunisto, Mari A., Loukola, Anu, Lahtela, Elisa, Mattsson, Hannele, Laiho, Päivi, Della Briotta Parolo, Pietro, Lehisto, Arto A., Kanai, Masahiro, Mars, Nina, Rämö, Joel, Kiiskinen, Tuomo, Heyne, Henrike O., Veerapen, Kumar, Rüeger, Sina, Lemmelä, Susanna, Zhou, Wei, Ruotsalainen, Sanni, Pärn, Kalle, Hiekkalinna, Tero, Koskelainen, Sami, Paajanen, Teemu, Llorens, Vincent, Gracia-Tabuenca, Javier, Siirtola, Harri, Reis, Kadri, Elnahas, Abdelrahman G., Sun, Benjamin, Foley, Christopher N., Aalto-Setälä, Katriina, Alasoo, Kaur, Arvas, Mikko, Auro, Kirsi, Biswas, Shameek, Bizaki-Vallaskangas, Argyro, Carpen, Olli, Chen, Chia-Yen, Dada, Oluwaseun A., Ding, Zhihao, Ehm, Margaret G., Eklund, Kari, Färkkilä, Martti, Finucane, Hilary, Ganna, Andrea, Ghazal, Awaisa, Graham, Robert R., Green, Eric M., Hakanen, Antti, Hautalahti, Marco, Hedman, Åsa K., Hiltunen, Mikko, Hinttala, Reetta, Hovatta, Iiris, Hu, Xinli, Huertas-Vazquez, Adriana, Huilaja, Laura, Hunkapiller, Julie, Jacob, Howard, Jensen, Jan-Nygaard, Joensuu, Heikki, John, Sally, Julkunen, Valtteri, Jung, Marc, Junttila, Juhani, Kaarniranta, Kai, Kähönen, Mika, Kajanne, Risto, Kallio, Lila, Kälviäinen, Reetta, Kaprio, Jaakko, Kerimov, Nurlan, Kettunen, Johannes, Kilpeläinen, Elina, Kilpi, Terhi, Klinger, Katherine, Kosma, Veli-Matti, Kuopio, Teijo, Kurra, Venla, Laisk, Triin, Laukkanen, Jari, Lawless, Nathan, Liu, Aoxing, Longerich, Simonne, Mägi, Reedik, Mäkelä, Johanna, Mäkitie, Antti, Malarstig, Anders, Mannermaa, Arto, Maranville, Joseph, Matakidou, Athena, Meretoja, Tuomo, Mozaffari, Sahar V., Niemi, Mari E. K., Niemi, Marianna, Niiranen, Teemu, O´Donnell, Christopher J., Obeidat, Ma´en, Okafo, George, Ollila, Hanna M., Palomäki, Antti, Palotie, Tuula, Partanen, Jukka, Paul, Dirk S., Pelkonen, Margit, Pendergrass, Rion K., Petrovski, Slavé, Pitkäranta, Anne, Platt, Adam, Pulford, David, Punkka, Eero, Pussinen, Pirkko, Raghavan, Neha, Rahimov, Fedik, Rajpal, Deepak, Renaud, Nicole A., Riley-Gillis, Bridget, Rodosthenous, Rodosthenis, Saarentaus, Elmo, Salminen, Aino, Salminen, Eveliina, Salomaa, Veikko, Schleutker, Johanna, Serpi, Raisa, Shen, Huei-yi, Siegel, Richard, Silander, Kaisa, Siltanen, Sanna, Soini, Sirpa, Soininen, Hilkka, Sul, Jae Hoon, Tachmazidou, Ioanna, Tasanen, Kaisa, Tienari, Pentti, Toppila-Salmi, Sanna, Tukiainen, Taru, Tuomi, Tiinamaija, Turunen, Joni A., Ulirsch, Jacob C., Vaura, Felix, Virolainen, Petri, Waring, Jeffrey, Waterworth, Dawn, Yang, Robert, Nelis, Mari, Reigo, Anu, Metspalu, Andres, Milani, Lili, Esko, Tõnu, Fox, Caroline, Havulinna, Aki S., Perola, Markus, Ripatti, Samuli, Jalanko, Anu, Laitinen, Tarja, Mäkelä, Tomi P., Plenge, Robert, McCarthy, Mark, Runz, Heiko, Daly, Mark J., and Palotie, Aarno

Published
2023
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26. Finite p-groups, entropy vectors and the Ingleton inequality for nilpotent groups

Author

Paajanen, Pirita

Subjects
Computer Science - Information Theory, Mathematics - Group Theory
Abstract

In this paper we study the capacity/entropy region of finite, directed, acyclic, multiple-sources, multiple-sinks network by means of group theory and entropy vectors coming from groups. There is a one-to-one correspondence between the entropy vector of a collection of n random variables and a certain group-characterizable vector obtained from a finite group and n of its subgroups. We are looking at nilpotent group characterizable entropy vectors and show that they are all also Abelian group characterizable, and hence they satisfy the Ingleton inequality. It is known that not all entropic vectors can be obtained from Abelian groups, so our result implies that in order to get more exotic entropic vectors, one has to go at least to soluble groups or larger nilpotency classes. The result also implies that Ingleton inequality is satisfied by nilpotent groups of bounded class, depending on the order of the group., Comment: 11 pages

Published
2013

27. Uniform cell decomposition with applications to Chevalley groups

Author

Berman, Mark N., Derakhshan, Jamshid, Onn, Uri, and Paajanen, Pirita

Subjects
Mathematics - Logic, Mathematics - Group Theory, 20G25, 03C10, 03C98, 11M41
Abstract

We express integrals of definable functions over definable sets uniformly for non-Archimedean local fields, extending results of Pas. We apply this to Chevalley groups, in particular proving that zeta functions counting conjugacy classes in congruence quotients of such groups depend only on the size of the residue field, for sufficiently large residue characteristic. In particular, the number of conjugacy classes in a congruence quotient depends only on the size of the residue field. The same holds for zeta functions counting dimensions of Hecke modules of intertwining operators associated to induced representations of such quotients., Comment: 20 pages, final version, to appear in the Journal of the LMS

Published
2011
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29. Geometric structure of class two nilpotent groups and subgroup growth

Author

Paajanen, Pirita

Subjects
Mathematics - Group Theory, Mathematics - Algebraic Geometry, 20E07,20F18,11M41
Abstract

In this paper we derive an explicit expression for the normal zeta function of class two nilpotent groups whose associated Pfaffian hypersurface is smooth. In particular, we show how the local zeta function depends on counting mod p rational points on related varieties, and we describe the varieties that can appear in such a decomposition. As a corollary, we also establish explicit results on the degree of polynomial subgroup growth in these groups, and we study the behaviour of poles of this zeta function. Under certain geometric conditions, we also confirm that these functions satisfy a functional equation., Comment: 39 pages

Published
2008

33. Predicting AD conversion: comparison between prodromal AD guidelines and computer assisted PredictAD tool.

Author

Liu, Yawu, Mattila, Jussi, Ruiz, Miguel Ángel Muñoz, Paajanen, Teemu, Koikkalainen, Juha, van Gils, Mark, Herukka, Sanna-Kaisa, Waldemar, Gunhild, Lötjönen, Jyrki, Soininen, Hilkka, and Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative

Subjects
Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative, Humans, Alzheimer Disease, Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted, Sensitivity and Specificity, Decision Support Techniques, Software, Aged, Female, Male, Practice Guidelines as Topic, Prodromal Symptoms, Cognitive Dysfunction, Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted, General Science & Technology
Abstract

PurposeTo compare the accuracies of predicting AD conversion by using a decision support system (PredictAD tool) and current research criteria of prodromal AD as identified by combinations of episodic memory impairment of hippocampal type and visual assessment of medial temporal lobe atrophy (MTA) on MRI and CSF biomarkers.MethodsAltogether 391 MCI cases (158 AD converters) were selected from the ADNI cohort. All the cases had baseline cognitive tests, MRI and/or CSF levels of Aβ1-42 and Tau. Using baseline data, the status of MCI patients (AD or MCI) three years later was predicted using current diagnostic research guidelines and the PredictAD software tool designed for supporting clinical diagnostics. The data used were 1) clinical criteria for episodic memory loss of the hippocampal type, 2) visual MTA, 3) positive CSF markers, 4) their combinations, and 5) when the PredictAD tool was applied, automatically computed MRI measures were used instead of the visual MTA results. The accuracies of diagnosis were evaluated with the diagnosis made 3 years later.ResultsThe PredictAD tool achieved the overall accuracy of 72% (sensitivity 73%, specificity 71%) in predicting the AD diagnosis. The corresponding number for a clinician's prediction with the assistance of the PredictAD tool was 71% (sensitivity 75%, specificity 68%). Diagnosis with the PredictAD tool was significantly better than diagnosis by biomarkers alone or the combinations of clinical diagnosis of hippocampal pattern for the memory loss and biomarkers (p≤0.037).ConclusionWith the assistance of PredictAD tool, the clinician can predict AD conversion more accurately than the current diagnostic criteria.

Published
2013

34. Three-Year Outcomes of Oral Antibiotics vs Intravenous and Oral Antibiotics for Uncomplicated Acute Appendicitis: A Secondary Analysis of the APPAC II Randomized Clinical Trial

Author

Selänne, Liisa, Haijanen, Jussi, Sippola, Suvi, Hurme, Saija, Rautio, Tero, Nordström, Pia, Rantanen, Tuomo, Pinta, Tarja, Ilves, Imre, Mattila, Anne, Rintala, Jukka, Marttila, Harri, Meriläinen, Sanna, Laukkarinen, Johanna, Sävelä, Eeva-Liisa, Paajanen, Hannu, Grönroos, Juha, and Salminen, Paulina

Abstract

IMPORTANCE: Current short-term evidence has shown that uncomplicated acute appendicitis can be treated successfully with oral antibiotics alone, but longer-term results are lacking. OBJECTIVE: To assess the treatment effectiveness of oral antibiotic monotherapy compared with combined intravenous (IV) and oral antibiotics in computed tomography–confirmed uncomplicated acute appendicitis at a longer-term follow-up. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This secondary analysis of a predefined year 3 follow-up of the Appendicitis Acuta II (APPAC II) noninferiority, multicenter randomized clinical trial compared oral moxifloxacin with combined IV ertapenem plus oral levofloxacin and metronidazole for the treatment of uncomplicated acute appendicitis. The trial was conducted at 9 university and central hospitals in Finland from April 2017 to November 2018, with the last follow-up in November 2022. Participants included patients aged 18 to 60 years, who were randomized to receive either oral antibiotics monotherapy (n = 301) or combined IV and oral antibiotics (n = 298). INTERVENTIONS: Antibiotics monotherapy consisted of oral moxifloxacin, 400 mg/d, for 7 days. Combined IV and oral antibiotics consisted of IV ertapenem sodium, 1 g/d, for 2 days plus oral levofloxacin, 500 mg/d, and metronidazole, 500 mg 3 times/d, for 5 days. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: The primary end point was treatment success, defined as the resolution of acute appendicitis and discharge from hospital without the need for surgical intervention and no appendicitis recurrence at the year 3 follow-up evaluated using a noninferiority design. The secondary end points included late (after 1 year) appendicitis recurrence as well as treatment-related adverse events, quality of life, length of hospital stay, and length of sick leave, which were evaluated using a superiority design. RESULTS: After exclusions, 599 patients (mean [SD] age, 36 [12] years; 336 males [56.1%]) were randomized; after withdrawal and loss to follow-up, 582 patients (99.8%) were available for the year 3 follow-up. The treatment success at year 3 was 63.4% (1-sided 95% CI, 58.8% to ∞) in the oral antibiotic monotherapy group and 65.2% (1-sided 95% CI, 60.5% to ∞) in the combined IV and oral antibiotics group. The difference in treatment success rate between the groups at year 3 was −1.8 percentage points (1-sided 95% CI, −8.3 percentage points to ∞; P = .14 for noninferiority), with the CI limit exceeding the noninferiority margin. There were no significant differences between groups in treatment-related adverse events, quality of life, length of hospital stay, or length of sick leave. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: This secondary analysis of the APPAC II trial found a slightly higher appendectomy rate in patients who received oral antibiotic monotherapy; however, noninferiority of oral antibiotic monotherapy compared with combined IV and oral antibiotics could not be demonstrated. The results encourage future studies to assess oral antibiotic monotherapy as a viable treatment alternative for uncomplicated acute appendicitis. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03236961

Published
2024
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42. Thrombosis risk in single- and double-heterozygous carriers of factor V Leiden and prothrombin G20210A in FinnGen and the UK Biobank

Author

Ryu, Justine, Rämö, Joel T., Jurgens, Sean J., Palotie, Aarno, Daly, Mark, Riley-Gills, Bridget, Jacob, Howard, Viollet, Coralie, Petrovski, Slavé, Chen, Chia-Yen, John, Sally, Okafo, George, Plenge, Robert, Maranville, Joseph, McCarthy, Mark, Pendergrass, Rion, Ehm, Margaret G., Auro, Kirsi, Longerich, Simonne, Mälarstig, Anders, Vlahiotis, Anna, Klinger, Katherine, Chatelain, Clement, Gossel, Matthias, Estrada, Karol, Graham, Robert, Waterworth, Dawn, O´Donnell, Chris, Renaud, Nicole, Mäkelä, Tomi P., Kaprio, Jaakko, Ruddock, Minna, Virolainen, Petri, Hakanen, Antti, Kilpi, Terhi, Perola, Markus, Partanen, Jukka, Raivio, Taneli, Tikkanen, Jani, Serpi, Raisa, Kristiansson, Kati, Kosma, Veli-Matti, Laukkanen, Jari, Hautalahti, Marco, Tuovila, Outi, Waring, Jeffrey, Riley-Gillis, Bridget, Rahimov, Fedik, Tachmazidou, Ioanna, Chen, Chia-Yen, Ding, Zhihao, Jung, Marc, Tuoken, Hanati, Biswas, Shameek, Pendergrass, Rion, Ehm, Margaret G., Pulford, David, Raghavan, Neha, Huertas-Vazquez, Adriana, Sul, Jae-Hoon, Mälarstig, Anders, Hu, Xinli, Hedman, Åsa, Klinger, Katherine, Graham, Robert, Waterworth, Dawn, Renaud, Nicole, Obeidat, Ma´en, Chung, Jonathan, Zierer, Jonas, Niemi, Mari, Ripatti, Samuli, Schleutker, Johanna, Perola, Markus, Arvas, Mikko, Carpén, Olli, Hinttala, Reetta, Kettunen, Johannes, Mannermaa, Arto, Aalto-Setälä, Katriina, Kähönen, Mika, Laukkanen, Jari, Mäkelä, Johanna, Kälviäinen, Reetta, Julkunen, Valtteri, Soininen, Hilkka, Remes, Anne, Hiltunen, Mikko, Peltola, Jukka, Raivio, Minna, Tienari, Pentti, Rinne, Juha, Kallionpää, Roosa, Partanen, Juulia, Ziemann, Adam, Smaoui, Nizar, Lehtonen, Anne, Eaton, Susan, Runz, Heiko, Lahdenperä, Sanni, Biswas, Shameek, Bowers, Natalie, Teng, Edmond, Pendergrass, Rion, Xu, Fanli, Pulford, David, Auro, Kirsi, Addis, Laura, Eicher, John, Li, Qingqin S., He, Karen, Khramtsova, Ekaterina, Raghavan, Neha, Färkkilä, Martti, Koskela, Jukka, Pikkarainen, Sampsa, Jussila, Airi, Kaukinen, Katri, Blomster, Timo, Kiviniemi, Mikko, Voutilainen, Markku, Daly, Mark, Waring, Jeffrey, Smaoui, Nizar, Rahimov, Fedik, Lehtonen, Anne, Lu, Tim, Bowers, Natalie, Pendergrass, Rion, McCarthy, Linda, Hart, Amy, Guan, Meijian, Miller, Jason, Kalpala, Kirsi, Miller, Melissa, Hu, Xinli, Eklund, Kari, Palomäki, Antti, Isomäki, Pia, Pirilä, Laura, Kaipiainen-Seppänen, Oili, Huhtakangas, Johanna, Mars, Nina, Waring, Jeffrey, Rahimov, Fedik, Lertratanakul, Apinya, Smaoui, Nizar, Lehtonen, Anne, Viollet, Coralie, Hochfeld, Marla, Bowers, Natalie, Pendergrass, Rion, Gordillo, Jorge Esparza, Auro, Kirsi, Waterworth, Dawn, Farias, Fabiana, Kalpala, Kirsi, Bing, Nan, Hu, Xinli, Laitinen, Tarja, Pelkonen, Margit, Kauppi, Paula, Kankaanranta, Hannu, Harju, Terttu, Lahesmaa, Riitta, Smaoui, Nizar, Viollet, Coralie, Eaton, Susan, Chen, Hubert, Pendergrass, Rion, Bowers, Natalie, Betts, Joanna, Auro, Kirsi, Mishra, Rajashree, Mouded, Majd, Ngo, Debby, Niiranen, Teemu, Vaura, Felix, Salomaa, Veikko, Metsärinne, Kaj, Aittokallio, Jenni, Kähönen, Mika, Hernesniemi, Jussi, Gordin, Daniel, Sinisalo, Juha, Taskinen, Marja-Riitta, Tuomi, Tiinamaija, Hiltunen, Timo, Laukkanen, Jari, Elliott, Amanda, Reeve, Mary Pat, Ruotsalainen, Sanni, Paul, Dirk, Bowers, Natalie, Pendergrass, Rion, Chu, Audrey, Auro, Kirsi, Reilly, Dermot, Mendelson, Mike, Parkkinen, Jaakko, Miller, Melissa, Meretoja, Tuomo, Joensuu, Heikki, Carpén, Olli, Mattson, Johanna, Salminen, Eveliina, Auranen, Annika, Karihtala, Peeter, Auvinen, Päivi, Elenius, Klaus, Schleutker, Johanna, Pitkänen, Esa, Mars, Nina, Daly, Mark, Popovic, Relja, Waring, Jeffrey, Riley-Gillis, Bridget, Lehtonen, Anne, Fabre, Margarete, Schutzman, Jennifer, Bowers, Natalie, Pendergrass, Rion, Kulkarni, Diptee, Auro, Kirsi, Porello, Alessandro, Loboda, Andrey, Lehtonen, Heli, McDonough, Stefan, Vuoti, Sauli, Kaarniranta, Kai, Turunen, Joni A., Ollila, Terhi, Uusitalo, Hannu, Karjalainen, Juha, Pitkänen, Esa, Liu, Mengzhen, Runz, Heiko, Loomis, Stephanie, Strauss, Erich, Bowers, Natalie, Chen, Hao, Pendergrass, Rion, Tasanen, Kaisa, Huilaja, Laura, Hannula-Jouppi, Katariina, Salmi, Teea, Peltonen, Sirkku, Koulu, Leena, Smaoui, Nizar, Rahimov, Fedik, Lehtonen, Anne, Choy, David, Pendergrass, Rion, Waterworth, Dawn, Kalpala, Kirsi, Wu, Ying, Pussinen, Pirkko, Salminen, Aino, Salo, Tuula, Rice, David, Nieminen, Pekka, Palotie, Ulla, Siponen, Maria, Suominen, Liisa, Mäntylä, Päivi, Gursoy, Ulvi, Anttonen, Vuokko, Sipilä, Kirsi, Pendergrass, Rion, Laivuori, Hannele, Kurra, Venla, Kotaniemi-Talonen, Laura, Heikinheimo, Oskari, Kalliala, Ilkka, Aaltonen, Lauri, Jokimaa, Varpu, Kettunen, Johannes, Vääräsmäki, Marja, Uimari, Outi, Morin-Papunen, Laure, Niinimäki, Maarit, Piltonen, Terhi, Kivinen, Katja, Widen, Elisabeth, Tukiainen, Taru, Reeve, Mary Pat, Daly, Mark, Välimäki, Niko, Laakkonen, Eija, Tyrmi, Jaakko, Silven, Heidi, Sliz, Eeva, Arffman, Riikka, Savukoski, Susanna, Laisk, Triin, Pujol, Natalia, Liu, Mengzhen, Riley-Gillis, Bridget, Pendergrass, Rion, Kumar, Janet, Auro, Kirsi, Hovatta, Iiris, Chen, Chia-Yen, Isometsä, Erkki, Ollila, Hanna, Suvisaari, Jaana, Mäkitie, Antti, Bizaki-Vallaskangas, Argyro, Toppila-Salmi, Sanna, Willberg, Tytti, Saarentaus, Elmo, Aarnisalo, Antti, Salminen, Eveliina, Rahikkala, Elisa, Kettunen, Johannes, Aittomäki, Kristiina, Åberg, Fredrik, Kurki, Mitja, Ripatti, Samuli, Daly, Mark, Karjalainen, Juha, Havulinna, Aki, Mehtonen, Juha, Palta, Priit, Hassan, Shabbeer, Della Briotta Parolo, Pietro, Zhou, Wei, Maasha, Mutaamba, Hassan, Shabbeer, Lemmelä, Susanna, Rivas, Manuel, Palotie, Aarno, Liu, Aoxing, Lehisto, Arto, Ganna, Andrea, Llorens, Vincent, Laivuori, Hannele, Tukiainen, Taru, Reeve, Mary Pat, Heyne, Henrike, Mars, Nina, Rämö, Joel, Saarentaus, Elmo, Ollila, Hanna, Rodosthenous, Rodos, Strausz, Satu, Palotie, Tuula, Palin, Kimmo, Garcia-Tabuenca, Javier, Siirtola, Harri, Kiiskinen, Tuomo, Lee, Jiwoo, Tsuo, Kristin, Elliott, Amanda, Kristiansson, Kati, Arvas, Mikko, Hyvärinen, Kati, Ritari, Jarmo, Carpén, Olli, Kettunen, Johannes, Pylkäs, Katri, Sliz, Eeva, Karjalainen, Minna, Mantere, Tuomo, Kangasniemi, Eeva, Heikkinen, Sami, Mannermaa, Arto, Laakkonen, Eija, Pitkänen, Nina, Lessard, Samuel, Chatelain, Clément, Kallio, Lila, Wahlfors, Tiina, Partanen, Jukka, Punkka, Eero, Serpi, Raisa, Siltanen, Sanna, Kosma, Veli-Matti, Kuopio, Teijo, Jalanko, Anu, Shen, Huei-Yi, Kajanne, Risto, Aavikko, Mervi, Cooper, Helen, Öller, Denise, Leinonen, Rasko, Palin, Henna, Linna, Malla-Maria, Kurki, Mitja, Karjalainen, Juha, Della Briotta Parolo, Pietro, Lehisto, Arto, Mehtonen, Juha, Zhou, Wei, Kanai, Masahiro, Maasha, Mutaamba, Zheng, Zhili, Laivuori, Hannele, Havulinna, Aki, Lemmelä, Susanna, Kiiskinen, Tuomo, Lahtela, L. Elisa, Kaunisto, Mari, Kilpeläinen, Elina, Sipilä, Timo P., Dada, Oluwaseun Alexander, Ghazal, Awaisa, Kytölä, Anastasia, Weldatsadik, Rigbe, Ruotsalainen, Sanni, Donner, Kati, Sipilä, Timo P., Loukola, Anu, Laiho, Päivi, Sistonen, Tuuli, Kaiharju, Essi, Laukkanen, Markku, Järvensivu, Elina, Lähteenmäki, Sini, Männikkö, Lotta, Wong, Regis, Toivola, Auli, Brunfeldt, Minna, Mattsson, Hannele, Kristiansson, Kati, Lemmelä, Susanna, Koskelainen, Sami, Hiekkalinna, Tero, Paajanen, Teemu, Palta, Priit, Luo, Shuang, Laitinen, Tarja, Reeve, Mary Pat, Padmanabhuni, Shanmukha Sampath, Niemi, Marianna, Siirtola, Harri, Gracia-Tabuenca, Javier, Helminen, Mika, Luukkaala, Tiina, Vähätalo, Iida, Tammerluoto, Jyrki, Hautalahti, Marco, Mäkelä, Johanna, Smith, Sarah, Southerington, Tom, Lehto, Petri, Niiranen, Teemu, Sanna-Cherchi, Simone, Bauer, Kenneth A., Haj, Amelia, Choi, Seung Hoan, Palotie, Aarno, Daly, Mark, Ellinor, Patrick T., and Bendapudi, Pavan K.

Abstract

•Population-scale genomics (N = 937 939) allowed assembly of a large FVL/PTGM double-heterozygous cohort while mitigating ascertainment bias.•FVL/PTGM DH appeared to be more common than FVL homozygosity and conferred a similar risk of venous thrombosis.

Published
2024
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44. Multicentric Assessment of a Multimorbidity-Adjusted Disability Score to Stratify Depression-Related Risks Using Temporal Disease Maps: Instrument Validation Study.

Author

González-Colom, Rubèn, Mitra, Kangkana, Vela, Emili, Gezsi, Andras, Paajanen, Teemu, Gál, Zsófia, Hullam, Gabor, Mäkinen, Hannu, Nagy, Tamas, Kuokkanen, Mikko, Piera-Jiménez, Jordi, Roca, Josep, Antal, Peter, Juhasz, Gabriella, and Cano, Isaac

Subjects
EMERGENCY room visits, EPIDEMIOLOGY, MEDICAL care costs, HEALTH risk assessment, MEDICAL care use
Abstract

Background: Comprehensive management of multimorbidity can significantly benefit from advanced health risk assessment tools that facilitate value-based interventions, allowing for the assessment and prediction of disease progression. Our study proposes a novel methodology, the Multimorbidity-Adjusted Disability Score (MADS), which integrates disease trajectory methodologies with advanced techniques for assessing interdependencies among concurrent diseases. This approach is designed to better assess the clinical burden of clusters of interrelated diseases and enhance our ability to anticipate disease progression, thereby potentially informing targeted preventive care interventions. Objective: This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the MADS in stratifying patients into clinically relevant risk groups based on their multimorbidity profiles, which accurately reflect their clinical complexity and the probabilities of developing new associated disease conditions. Methods: In a retrospective multicentric cohort study, we developed the MADS by analyzing disease trajectories and applying Bayesian statistics to determine disease-disease probabilities combined with well-established disability weights. We used major depressive disorder (MDD) as a primary case study for this evaluation. We stratified patients into different risk levels corresponding to different percentiles of MADS distribution. We statistically assessed the association of MADS risk strata with mortality, health care resource use, and disease progression across 1 million individuals from Spain, the United Kingdom, and Finland. Results: The results revealed significantly different distributions of the assessed outcomes across the MADS risk tiers, including mortality rates; primary care visits; specialized care outpatient consultations; visits in mental health specialized centers; emergency room visits; hospitalizations; pharmacological and nonpharmacological expenditures; and dispensation of antipsychotics, anxiolytics, sedatives, and antidepressants (P <.001 in all cases). Moreover, the results of the pairwise comparisons between adjacent risk tiers illustrate a substantial and gradual pattern of increased mortality rate, heightened health care use, increased health care expenditures, and a raised pharmacological burden as individuals progress from lower MADS risk tiers to higher-risk tiers. The analysis also revealed an augmented risk of multimorbidity progression within the high-risk groups, aligned with a higher incidence of new onsets of MDD-related diseases. Conclusions: The MADS seems to be a promising approach for predicting health risks associated with multimorbidity. It might complement current risk assessment state-of-the-art tools by providing valuable insights for tailored epidemiological impact analyses of clusters of interrelated diseases and by accurately assessing multimorbidity progression risks. This study paves the way for innovative digital developments to support advanced health risk assessment strategies. Further validation is required to generalize its use beyond the initial case study of MDD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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48. The shortened version of a web‐based cognitive test tool, cCOG, retains good accuracy in detecting mild cognitive impairment and dementia.

Author

Landen, Sophie M., Gils, Aniek M., Handgraaf, Dédé, Hasselbalch, Steen G., Mecocci, Patrizia, Soininen, Hilkka, Tolonen, Antti, Lötjönen, Jyrki, Paajanen, Teemu, Lemstra, Afina W., Flier, Wiesje M., Sikkes, Sietske A.M., and Rhodius‐ Meester, Hanneke F.M.

Abstract

Background: cCOG, a web‐based cognitive test tool, has been shown to detect mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia accurately. However, the test now takes approximately 25 minutes to complete, which could be burdensome for patients, especially with cognitive impairment. We assumed that shortening certain subtasks leads to a decrease in total test duration and therefore increases the user‐friendliness of cCOG. In this study, we examined whether shortening these subtasks influences the discriminative value of cCOG. Method: From the PredictND and Amsterdam Dementia Cohort (ADC) cohort, we included cCOG results of 424 participants (n = 234 cognitively normal (CN), n = 84 MCI, n = 106 dementia) who were on average 70±9 years and 54% were female. cCOG consists of five subtasks: episodic memory learning, reaction time, modified trail‐making A and B and episodic memory recall. Scores for all subtasks except episodic memory recall were abbreviated into shorter versions, e.g. by cutting the number of items/trials. A global cognitive score (GCS) was computed using a linear regression model based on scores of all subtasks for both the original as the short version. To investigate the diagnostic accuracy of both versions, we calculated pairwise area under the curve (AUC) comparisons for differentiating MCI and dementia from CN. Result: Shortening of subtasks led to an average decrease of 4.7 minutes of the total test time (20.1%) for the PredictND cohort (n = 314), with even 5.7 minutes decrease in the dementia group (Figure 1). The accuracy of the GCS based on the short version for differentiating MCI from CN was lower than based on the original version though still considered excellent (AUC = 0.87 [0.83‐0.92] original; AUC = 0.86 [0.81‐0.90] short; Figure 2). For differentiating dementia from CN, the short version performed comparable to the original version (AUC = 0.93 [0.89‐0.96] original; AUC = 0.92 [0.88‐0.96] short; Figure 3). Conclusion: Shortening subtasks decreased the test duration of cCOG with approximately 5 minutes, while the diagnostic accuracy was preserved. An additional pilot study is needed to test the effect of shortening subtasks on episodic memory recall and global cognitive score. Further development of a user‐friendly and accurate web‐based cognitive test tool is crucial to keep dementia care accessible and affordable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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