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Two Balkan species of the Campanula pyramidalis complex, respectively Campanula montenegrina and Campanula austroadriatica were analyzed based on comparative methodology for their palynomorphological features, and provided the evidence of similarities and differences of palynological features between them. Palynomorphological features of these species were described for the first time. Pollen grains of two species resulted to be triporate with circular pores, isopolar with radial symmetry, spheroidal shape in polar view and wide oval in equatorial one. The exine sculpture of pollen grains appeared echinate in all studied subpopulations, and it was accompanied by spinules in pollen grains of C. austroadriatica and pollen grains of C. montenegrina. The largest sizes of the pollen grains were identified at C. austroadriatica population collected near Perast, for the length of pores were identified at in pollen grains of Shirokë-Zogaj and Petrovac populations and for the width was identified in pollen grains of Shkalla e Tujanit and Kruja Castle populations. As for the exine, it was thicker at pollen grains of C. austroadriatica populations of Shirokë-Zogaj, Petrovac and near Perast localities. The smallest sizes for length of pollen grains and length of pores were found in C. austroadriatica collected at Shirokë-Zogaj, while for the width of pollen grains were found in pollen grains of C. austroadriatica collected in Montenegro populations and C. montenegrina of Albanian localities. The smallest width of pores was observed in pollen grains of C. austroadriatica collected in Petrovac. The exine was thinner in all populations of C. austroadriatica collected in Albanian localities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Four species of Sedum genus from twentyone species of this genus present in the flora of Albania such as: litoreum, sexangulare, cepaea and rubens were analyzed comparatively for their palynomorphological characteristics versus the hispanicum specie of Albanian palynological literature sources. By the comparative study of palynomorphological features of pollen grains of analyzed species, it was noted that the pollen grains of four plants: litoreum, sexangulare, cepaea and hispanicum were three furrows and three pores, while at the pollen grains of Sedum rubens were presented as variable from three furrows and three pores to four furrows and four pores. Based on P/E ratio, the shapes of pollen grains of four species studied were varied from prolate spheroidal to oblate spheroidal, triangular or tetrangular in polar view and oblique in equatorial one. The furrows were with sharp edges and rounded end and the pores were elliptical, located within the contour of the furrow with exine remnant. The exine sculpture varied from rugulate at the pollen grains of three species: litoreum, sexangulare and hispanicum, to reticulate with uniform reticle at cepaea specie and varied from reticulate to rugulate at Sedum rubens. The biggest polar and equatorial axis dimensions were identified at Sedum rubens plant, while in terms of thickness of exine, length of furrow and mesocolpium the biggest size of pollen grains was found at hispanicum specie. While in terms of pore length appeared to be the largest at cepaea specie and for the width of furrow at Sedum litoreum plant. Regarding to the palynological indicator of pore width, it was seen that the pollen grains of three species: cepaea, rubens and litoreum had the largest dimensions simultaneously. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article provides data on the palynological study of Pancratium maritimum L. of the Amaryllidaceae family in Albania. Pancratium is a bulbous perennial herb that is very tolerant to dry climates. It grows mainly in the coastal sandy areas of our country. The material for the study was taken fresh from the sandy area of the beaches of Durres to Divjaka, Lushnje. The processing of the material was done with the method of acetolysis and basic fuchsine. Fixation of pollen grains in microscopic preparations was done with the glycerin gelatin method. The microscopic study of the pollen grains as well as their photography was done with a microscope with X 1000 magnification. The pollen grains of these plants varied from oblate ellipsoid to oblate spheroid, heteropolar, monocolpate. The exine appears thick and has two layers. The sculpture of exine is reticulate. The palynomonomological study of these representatives is given for the first time in the literature of palynology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents the morphological features of the pollen grains of Scorzonera doria and Hieracium hoppeanum and the comparison of these features with other species of the genus Scorzonera L. and Hieracium L. The material for the study was taken from the National Herbarium in Tirana. Acetolysis and basic fuchsine methods were used to study the morphological features of Scorzonera doria and Hieracium hoppeanum pollen grains. The fixing of the pollen grains is made with glycerin gelatin. A light microscope was used to take photos and study the morphological features of the pollen grains. From the study of pollen grains of Scorzonera doria and Hieracium hoppeanum, results that they are tricolporate. The shape of pollen grains according to their outline is spheroidal and oblate-spheroidal. The exine appears thick, two-layered and its ornamentation is echinolophate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Palynomorphological features of four plants of Anemone genus, collected in fresh conditions in different areas of Elbasan region (Krastë-Elbasan, Ruen-Rrajcë, and Guri i Zi) were studied by light microscope X 400-1000. Similarities of aperture were identified, which appeared variable from three furrows at apenina, nemorosa, and ranunculoides plants to six or more furrows at hortensis plant. The sculpture of exine varied from microechinate to perforate at nemorosa, ranunculoides, and hortensis plants, varied from microechinate to reticulate at apennina plant. While furrows were sharp tips with membranes equipped with ornamentals. The pollen grains of Anemone apennina plant were the smallest ones in almost all dimensions among all palynomorphological features studied, except for the furrow length of pollen grains of Anemone ranunculoides plant, which appeared smaller than those of other plants studied. The biggest polar and equatorial axis dimensions were identified at Anemone ranunculoides plant, while in terms of exine thickness, the biggest size of pollen grains were found at Anemone hortensis plant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Palynomorphological features of the pollen grains of four honey plant: Foeniculum vulgare, Eryngium maritimum, E. campestre and Crithmum maritimum from 61 genera of Umbelliferae family present in Albania, were studied and examined by compound microscope. By the palynomorphological study of Eryngium maritimum plant compared with pollen grains of E. campestre resulted that there were similarities in the majority of their palynological features on one side, and there were differences in terms of the dimensions of pollen grains and furrows, the aperture and sporoderme features, on the other side. Based on the results obtained by this study, it was noted that the pollen grains of two plants: Foeniculum vulgare and Eryngium campestre were triaperturate, while at the pollen grains of E. maritimum and Crithmum maritimum showed three furrows and three pores. The exine sculpture of the four plants varied from granulate to rugulate at the pollen grains of Foeniculum vulgare and Eryngium campestre, reticulate to scabrate at Crithmum maritimum, and rugulate at E. maritimum. The largest dimensions for the majority of the palynological indicators were identified for Eryngium campestre pollen grains and the smallest ones were found in Crithmum maritimum pollen grains. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The palynomorphological features of four species belonging to the genus Silene (Silene italica, Silene armeria, Silene pusilla and Silene fabarioides) from different regions of Albania, were investigated and studied by light microscope. This study aims to assess and highlight the existence of significant differences in pollen size, distance between two pores, the exine sculpture and pores number found in these species. Pollen grains were usually radially symmetrical, polar, polypantoporate, spheroidal. The pores were circular contours, operculate which due to thickening of intine in this zone, come out like a cupole. The number of pores varied from 20 to 26 in Silene italica, from 16 to 20 pores in Silene fabarioides and Silene armeria, and from 12 to 16 pores in Silene pusilla. The ornamentations of exine varied from microechinate to microperforate (punctate) at Silene italica, Silene fabarioides and Silene pusilla, whereas at Silene armeria the sculpure of exine was reticulate. The biggest pollen grains were found in Silene fabarioides, whereas the smallest ones were found in Silene armeria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pollen allergy is a human disease that is rapidly growing among the Albanian population. There are many plants in Albania that cause this disease and Humulus lupulus (Cannabaceae) is one of them. In this study is presented an allergopalynologic description of pollen grains of this plant. They were taken in the Elbasan region of Albania and are studied for the first time by the local researchers. The slides were prepared using two methods: acetolysis and basic fuchsine method. The results have shown that the pollen grains of H. lupulus were triporate. Also, is done the comparison of the size of pollen grains for the specie studied with others from foreign literature that belong to different habitats. The study showed the pollen grains of H. lupulus taken in Elbasan area have similarities to the morphological features with H. lupulus' pollen according to the foreign literature, but they differ from their size. By our study, it turns out that the pollen grains of H. hupulus from Elbasan habitat have smaller sizes than those obtained from the literature. We conclude that the change in the size of pollen grains caused by environmental factors and the chosen method during processing laboratory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article we present data for new floristic records on the flora of Shebenik- Jabllanicë National Park, which extends at north - east of Librazhdi town, in the border with Macedonia. It has a total surface 33,927.66 ha and the altitude varies from 300 m to 2264 m a. s. l. The Park is under the administration of Elbasan Regional Administration of Protected Areas (RAPAs) and is one of the largest Albanian National Parks, with great values especially of being home to a rich wild flora and fauna as well, that needs further explorations due to difficult terrains and roads. The Park is known for its diversity of vascular native flora and until now it comprises more than 1000 taxa, with a large number of endemic and sub-endemic species. During our exploration we found many taxa, which are reported here for the first time as present in the park area. Many of them have limited Europe distribution being native to Albania, Macedonia, Serbia, Bulgaria, Greece and Turkey such as: Fritillaria macedonica Bornm., Vincetoxicum speciosum Boiss. & Spruner, Crocus jablanicensis N. Randjel. & V. Randjel. and others widespread, as: Tulipa sylvestris L., etc. that increase even more the number of floristic richness of this protected area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article includes the palynological study of pollen grains of Crepis albanica. The plant Crepis albanica is part of the Red List of Wild Flora of Albania. The material for the study is taken in National Herbarium in Tirana. For the palynological study of pollen grains of Crepis albanica is used acetolysis method and basic fuchsine. In order that the pollen grains stuck is used glycerin gelatin. The photos and the observation of palynological features are realized with light microscope with 1000X power. This study also includes the comparison of palynomorphological characteristics at Crepis albanica with Crepis dioscoridis, Crepis foetida, Crepis neglecta and Crepis aurea. From observation of pollen grains of Crepis albanica results that they are tricolporate. The shape of pollen grains from the outline is oblate spheroide. Exina appears thick, two- layers and with echinate sculpture of echinolophate type. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article includes the palynomorphological study of the main members of genus Tanacetum in Albania. In this article submitted comparative features of the species: Tanacetum vulgare, Tanacetum corymbosum, Tanacetum parthenium, Tanacetum macrophyllum, Tanacetum larvatum and Tanacetum albanicum. The material for the study was obtained in National Herbarium in Tirana. For the study of palynomorphological features are analyzed 31 pollen grains from each species. The treatment of material is made with acetolysis method and basic fuchsine. The fixing of pollen grains is made with glycerin gelatin. The study and photos of pollen grains are realized with light microscope with 1000x power. The pollen grains of plants above are spheroidal or oblate spheroidal, three furrows three pores. The exine appears thick and has two-layers. The sculpture of exine is echinate. The work is part of the palynological study of general members in Asteraceae family in our country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The genus Anthemis L. is the second largest genus of the tribe Anthemideae of Asteraceae family. It comprises about 210 species, distributed widely in Europe, south-west Asia, north and north-east Africa and extending into extreme southern Arabia and tropical east Africa. The plants of genus Anthemis are annual and perennial herbs with beautiful and attractive flowers. The article includes the palynomorphological study of the main members of genus Anthemis in Albania. In this article submitted comparative features of the species: Anthemis altissima, Anthemis carpatica, Anthemis chia, Anthemis orientalis, Anthemis tomentosa, Anthemis triumfetti, Anthemis arvensis and Anthemis tinctoria. The material for the study was obtained in National Herbarium in Tirana. For the study of palynomorphological features are analyzed 31 pollen grains from each species. The treatment of material is made with acetolysis method and basic fuchsine. The fixing of pollen grains is made with glycerin gelatin. The study and photos of pollen grains are realized with light microscope with 1000x power. The pollen grains of plants above are spheroidal or oblate spheroidal, three furrows three pores. The exine appears thick and has two-layers. The sculpture of exine is echinate. The work is part of the palynological study of general members in Asteraceae family in our country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article represents data about the morphological studies of pollen grains from different allergic plants. It is a part of the "Allergopalynolologic studies of allergic plants on Elbasan region and all respective allergies caused by them". The article describes morphology of pollen grains taken from 8 allergic plants species. Palynological data for these plants were provided for the first time in the Albania's palynological literature. The pollen size, the feature of the aperture and the exine structure of these plants, were studied by the light microscope. Study provides information on the morphological characteristics of pollen grains, details of how it was been stored and laboratory tested, about the blossoms and pollination period in order to help physicians and citizens by taking all the necessary precautions in preventing allergic diseases caused by pollen. Results of palynological studies of allergic plants submitted in this material belong to the following material: "Full study of allergenic pollen plants in Albania".In the above material there are given data about allergenic pollen plants located in the Elbasan region in Albania that are not being studied before. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Shebenik - Jabllanica National Park was proclaimed by Albanian Government with special Decision nr. 640 of May, 21st 2008 as "Protected Area" of the second Category. This area lies in north-east of Librazhdi town, and is situated at the bordering area among Albania and Macedonia, with surface 33 927,66 ha and altitude that vary from 300 m a.s.l. to 2244 m a.s.l. The Park is of a great interest from the point of nature conservation being home of extremely valuable natural habitats, flora and wildlife fauna as well. In this article are described some of the National Park habitats types which belong to the determinations and codes of Directive 92/43/EEC and is presented their spatial coverage by mapping, using geographical information software. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although middle flow of Shkumbini river basin's territory is small, its flora is characterized by a considerable species richness of higher plants c. 700 - 750, greater than that in much larger area. This is due to its geographical position, geological factors, relief, climate and hydrology. The total number of plants of economic importance in area is larger than many might suspect. The presence of about 172 medicinal and aromatic plants, such as mints (Mentha), Thyme (Thymus), marjoram (Origanum) and leek (Allium), improves the biodiversity values in this area and also play an important role in everyday life in this region, because of the locality consume as phytomedicines, herbal teas etc. Also very rich, about 228 plant species is the assemblage of well-known plants for honey producing by bees. 42 plant species have forage values, distinguished for their nutritional values and as food for the animals. A great importance represents the recognition of 59, harmful and toxic plants in preventing and avoiding the damages which may be caused by them. This great diversity constitutes a rich reservoir and is of great importance not only from the scientific, but also from the economic point of view. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article represents for the first time in the Albania's palynological literature information about data on the palynological characteristics of pollen grains of Artemisia vulgaris plant, Compositae family. The results obtained are shown compared with the palynomorphological features of Artemisia absinthium and Artemisia caerulescens taken by the Albanian literature. Pollen grains of the plant of Artemisia vulgaris were collected in fresh conditions to the Elbasan area. By making comparison among the main palynological characteristics of pollen grains of these plants showed that there are similarities in terms of pollen grains shape to three plants, the number of furrows and pores but at the same time there are also changes related to the size of pollen grains, furrows and diameter of pores. These changes are a consequence of the ecological factors and pollen grains processing method. Based on the results obtained by this study, by comparison made between pollen grains studied species showed that larger proportions of pollen grains in length, width and the diameter of the pores represent those of Artemisia vulgaris. Width of furrows in pollen grains of Artemisia vulgaris is thinner than the other two plants. The layer of exine at Artemisia vulgaris is thinner than Artemisia caerulescens and slightly thicker than Artemisia absinthium. The sculptures of exine of pollen grains of the three types is accompained by small granules but especially, the pollen grains of Artemisia vulgaris are accompanied by microspinules. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Palynomorphological characteristics of the five plants of Compositae Family: Arctium lappa, Solidago virgaurea, Cichorium intybus, Senecio vulgaris and Leontopodium alpinum (the latter is very rare plant (status R) according to the data of IUCN), pollens of which were collected in fresh condition to the habitat of Great Site of the mountain Polis, were provided for the first time in the Albania's palynological literature by this article. This article aims to assess and highlight the existence of differences of some morphological features of the pollen grains of this family, regardless common particulars which distinguish the pollens of Compositae plants such as: the aperture three furrows three pores and the echinate exine. Regular pollen grains of three plants: Senecio, Leontopodium and Solidago were 3-zonocolporate, oblate spheroidal to prolate spheroidal and could be classified as Senecio type based to the data of the palynological literature. Three sharp tip furrows with smooth membrane and three pores with circular frames which due to thickening of intine in this zone, come out like cupoles, were identified to the pollen grains of the plants of genus: Senecio, Solidago and Leontopodium. Based on the results obtained by this study, it was concluded that the exine sculpture of the pollen grains of the five plants was echinate which vary from fenestrate-perforate at Cichorium, to echinate accompained by small verruca at the pollen grains of Arctium, echinate accompained by small granules at the pollen grains of Senecio, echinate accompained by hools in the base of every spine at the pollen grains of Solidago, and echinate accompained by microspinules at Leontopodium alpinum. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study is performed in Elbasan city. This city is situated in the middle of Albania. It is one of the biggest cities of Albania. A lot of biological studies have been realized in this region during two last decades' periods. This study provides some paleopalynological data about the dispersion of Leguminosae and Rosaceae families during Quaternary period in the area where is situated Elbasan. The aim of this paper is to present the correlation between the depth and dispersion of Leguminosae and Rosaceae families on different periods of time. For this purpose we took some samples from various layers of soil, starting from the surface to four meters depth. Palynological data for these families were provided for the first time in the Albania's palynological literature. According to the analyses of these samples we found out several interesting data that showed clearly the correlation between the depth and number of spores and pollens for these two families. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]