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Copyright of Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agricola e Ambiental - Agriambi is the property of Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agricola e Ambiental and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Os óleos essenciais são metabólitos secundários armazenados em diferentes órgãos de plantas aromáticas. Dentre as plantas encontradas no bioma Pampa com potencial para extração de óleo essencial, destaca-se a Aloysia gratissima, o garupá. O uso sustentável de plantas nativas é uma estratégia de conservação da biodiversidade. Assim, ao conectar as pesquisas e a estratégica necessidade de valorização da sociobiodiversidade na América do Sul, esta revisão busca analisar sistematicamente estudos científicos sobre os efeitos biológicos, rendimento e composição química do óleo essencial do garupá. A revisão considerou artigos publicados entre 2012 e 2022 a partir dos seguintes critérios de inclusão: a. publicações nos idiomas inglês, espanhol ou português, b. relacionadas a óleos essenciais, e c. sobre compostos químicos e atividade biológica. Dentre 99 artigos obtidos, 13 fizeram parte da análise a partir da construção do corpus textual. Foram realizadas as análises de similitude e hierárquica descendente com o uso do Iramuteq. Os 13 artigos apresentaram dados sobre a composição dos óleos de A. gratissima e destes, dez avaliaram as propriedades biológicas e oito apresentaram dados de rendimento. Assim, o rendimento variou de 0,25 a 1,14% e os principais compostos encontrados nos estudos foram: 1,8-cineol, β-pineno, guaiol, sabineno, ß-cariofileno, α-pineno, biciclogermacreno, espatulenol, trans-pinocanfona e acetato de trans-pinocarveol. Ainda, os resultados mostram que os óleos essenciaispossuem potencial de uso para insumos em fitomedicamentos e bioinsumos agropecuários, uma vez que possuem atividades antifúngica, antibacteriana, analgésica e repelente.

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introdução: O diabetes mellitus é um distúrbio metabólico crônico, caraterizado pelo aumento da concentração de glicose no sangue (hiperglicemia). Óleos essenciais apresentam constituintes que podem auxiliar no controle do diabetes com base em diversos mecanismos de ação (estimulação da produção de insulina, inibição enzimática, entre outros), surgindo como candidatos promissores antidiabéticos. Objetivo: avaliar a composição química e atividade antidiabética in vitro dos óleos essenciais de Algrizea minor e Eugenia brejoensis. Metodologia: Os óleos essenciais foram obtidos por hidrodestilação, caracterizados por cromatografia gasosa acoplada a espectrômetro de massas (CG-EM) e detector de ionização de chamas (CG-DIC). Os óleos foram avaliados quanto a inibição de α-amilase e α-glicosidase por métodos colorimétricos. Resultados: Foi possível identificar 94,56% da composição química do óleo essencial de A. minor, que apresentou como componentes marjoritários o β-pineno, α-pineno, germacreno, biciclogermacreno, cariofileno e limoneno; e 96,92% da composição química do óleo essencial de E. brejoensis, sendo seus compostos majoritários o (E)-cariofileno, cadineno, Epi-α-muurolol, biciclogermacreno, α-cadinol e espatulenol. Quanto a inibição de α-amilase e α-glicosidase o óleo essencial de A. minor obteve inibição, com valores de CI50 (concentração inibitória média) de 0,83 ± 0,00 μg/mL e 9,12 ± 0,12 μg/mL, para as referidas enzimas respectivamente. O óleo essencial de E. brejoensis também foi capaz de inibir as enzimas relacionadas ao metabolismo dos carboidratos, apresentando valores de CI50 de 1,42± 0,02 μg/mL e 37,23± 0,01 μg/mL para α-amilase e α-glucosidase, respectivamente. Conclusão: Os óleos essenciais apresentam a capacidade de inibir enzimas relacionadas ao metabolismo dos carboidratos, podendo tornar-se ferramenta terapêutica estratégica para o tratamento do diabetes mellitus.

Copyright of Revista ION is the property of Universidad Industrial de Santander and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by increased blood glucose concentration (hyperglycemia). Essential oils have constituents that can help control diabetes based on several mechanisms of action (stimulation of insulin production, enzymatic inhibition, among others), emerging as promising antidiabetic candidates, Objective: To evaluate the chemical composition and in vitro antidiabetic activity of essential oils from Algrizea minor and Eugenia brejoensis. Methodology: The essential oils were obtained by hydrodistillation and characterized by gas chromatography coupled to a mass spectrometer (GC-MS) and flame ionization detector (GC-FID). The oils were evaluated for α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition by colorimetric methods. Results: It was possible to identify 94.56% of the chemical composition of the essential oil of A. minor, which presented as major components β-pinene, α-pinene, germacrene, bicyclogermacrene, caryophyllene, and limonene; and 96.92% of the chemical composition of the essential oil of E. brejoensis, its major compounds being (E)-caryophyllene, cadinene, Epi-α-muurolol, bicyclogermacrene, α-cadinol, and spathulenol. As for the inhibition of α-amylase and α-glucosidase, the essential oil of A. minor was inhibited, with IC50 values (mean inhibitory concentration) of 0.83±0.00 µg/mL and 9.12±0.12 µg /ml, for said enzymes respectively. The essential oil of E. brejoensis was also able to inhibit enzymes related to carbohydrate metabolism, showing IC50 values of 1.42±0.02 µg/mL and 37.23±0.01 µg/mL for α-amylase and α-glucosidase, respectively. Conclusion: Essential oils can inhibit enzymes related to carbohydrate metabolism and may become a strategic therapeutic tool for the treatment of Diabetes Mellitus (DM). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This exploratory and qualitative study aimed to analyze the knowledge, perceptions and practices of Oral Health Teams and Community Health Agents about public health policies that regulate the use of medicinal plants and herbal medicines in the context of integrative and complementary practices, including their incorporation, recognition, challenges and possibilities in the local routine of the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS). Eight Basic Health Units were selected in the municipality of Itabuna, Bahia, Brazil, and interviews were conducted with 8 dentists, 8 oral health assistants/technicians and 8 community health agents, totaling 24 participants. For data analysis, the Collective Subject Discourse technique was used. The knowledge, perceptions and practices of the actors involved in the study about public policies for the introduction of medicinal plants in the SUS were permeated by the hegemonic culture, traditional and fragmented health education, the administrative (un)interest of the municipal authorities, and individual subjectivities that are produced and reproduced in the local oral health services and the primary care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Nativa is the property of Revista Nativa and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introdução: A internet é um dos principais meios para o compartilhamento de informações, além de ser uma plataforma com recursos para o comércio on-line. Recentemente tem-se observado um aumento no interesse e consumo de substâncias psicotrópicas de origem natural, seja em um contexto religioso, cultural ou hedonístico. Objetivo: Avaliar se as informações sobre psicotrópicos de origem natural disponíveis em sites publicados em português estão embasadas na literatura científica, se apresentam conteúdo distorcido ou tendencioso de forma a estimular o consumo e se há indícios de que a página está sendo usada como plataforma de venda clandestina desses produtos. Método: Foram realizadas buscas no Google utilizando os nomes populares das substâncias ou de plantas e preparações que as contêm (por exemplo: maconha, ayahuasca) e as informações disponíveis nas páginas visitadas foram classificadas e tabuladas. Resultados: Dos 328 sites analisados, aproximadamente 55% foram classificados como páginas informativas e 60% do conteúdo analisado estava de acordo com a literatura científica, sendo considerado como confiável. Aproximadamente um quarto dos sites incentivavam o consumo dessas substâncias, seja direta ou indiretamente, e cerca de 25% apresentavam a comercialização de produtos contendo alguma das substâncias pesquisadas. Conclusões: Os resultados sugerem que um usuário que busca de forma on-line por substâncias naturais psicotrópicas a partir de seus nomes populares é exposto predominantemente a informações que podem ser respaldadas pela literatura científica. Entretanto, a quantidade de sites que disponibilizam produtos que contêm essas substâncias para venda ou que compartilham métodos para o consumo também é significativa, muitas vezes sem apresentar advertências quanto ao uso incorreto dos produtos, caracterizando um risco à saúde do usuário.

Foi realizada uma revisão de literatura entre os meses de Fevereiro e Abril de 2022 nas bases de dados Scielo, PubMed e Google acadêmico com o instuito de buscar materiais que explorassem atividades e aplicações químicas da espécie Spondias purpurea L., espécie que possui grande emergência na região nordeste do Brasil e tem atividade antioxidante citada na literatura, porém os estudos sobre as demais atividades biológicas e aplicações da espécie ainda são incipientes. A partir dos dados obtidos, fica evidente que a atividade antioxidante da espécie possui um maior número de trabalhos, sendo que as universidades brasileiras são responsáveis pelo desenvolvimento desses. Há uma tendência de inserção da espécie como ingrediente de alimentos funcionais como farinhas, iogurtes e outros, porém, a exploração ainda é pequena. A espécie demonstra um grande potencial para diversas áreas as quais ainda é pouco explorada, sendo necessário o desenvolvimento de mais trabalhos voltados às demais àreas da indústria, como a farmacêutica e cosmética, por exemplo.

Aims: To carry out a bibliographic review related to plants available in Costa Rica that have demonstrated antioxidant power and a sun protection factor (SPF) suitable to be used in sunscreen products. Methods: The bibliographic review was carried out using different descriptors and by consulting different databases. Results: Information about antioxidant power about acerola, avocado, carrots, passion fruit, moringa, banana, pumpkin and amaranth, guava, matico, ginkgo, blackberry, mango, coffee was obtained. The information obtained suggests that the mentioned plants could be used for the formulation of sunscreens. Conclusion: Sun protection products should be used every day to prevent skin damage; some sunscreens produce allergic reactions, so it is necessary to investigate natural options to be used in sun protection products. Some natural products exhibit SPF values that allow their incorporation as sun protection agents, adjuvants, or enhancers in sunscreens. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present review aims the discussion of the impact of the bioprospection initiative developed by the projects associated to BIOprospecTA, a subprogram of the program BIOTA, supported by FAPESP. This review brings a summary of the main results produced by the projects investigating natural products (NPs) from non-plants organisms, as examples of the success of this initiative, focusing on the progresses achieved by the projects related to NPs from macroalgae, marine invertebrates, arthropods and associated microorganisms. Macroalgae are one of the most studied groups in Brazil with the isolation of many bioactive compounds including lipids, carotenoids, phycocolloids, lectins, mycosporine-like amino acids and halogenated compounds. Marine invertebrates and associated microorganisms have been more systematically studied in the last thirty years, revealing unique compounds, with potent biological activities. The venoms of Hymenopteran insects were also extensively studied, resulting in the identification of hundreds of peptides, which were used to create a chemical library that contributed for the identification of leader models for the development of antifungal, antiparasitic, and anticancer compounds. The built knowledge of Hymenopteran venoms permitted the development of an equine hyperimmune serum anti honeybee venom. Amongst the microorganisms associated with insects the bioprospecting strategy was to understand the molecular basis of intra- and interspecies interactions (Chemical Ecology), translating this knowledge to possible biotechnological applications. The results discussed here reinforce the importance of BIOprospecTA program on the development of research with highly innovative potential in Brazil. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In Brazil, research with natural products had a strong impulse when FAPESP supported the creation of the Laboratory of Chemistry of Natural Products of the Institute of Chemistry of USP (1966). In 1999, FAPESP launched the Research Program in the Characterization, Conservation, Restoration and Sustainable Use of Biodiversity (BIOTA-FAPESP), which intensified the sustainable exploitation of biodiversity, and which evolved to form the Biota Network for Bioprospection and Bioassays (BIOprospecTA), which integrates groups from all over the country, optimizing the use of the skills already installed for the bioprospecting of microorganisms, plants, invertebrates, vertebrates and marine organisms. Of the 104 projects related to plant sciences, 35 carried out bioprospection of Brazilian flora, belonging to the areas of Chemistry, Botany, Genetics, Plant Physiology, Plant Morphology, Plant (Chemo)taxonomy, Ecosystem Ecology, Plant Genetics. Physical Sciences, Forest Resources, Forestry Engineering, Agronomy, leading to thousands of publications, engagement of hundreds of students and a deeper understanding of natural products in different biological models through macromolecules analysis aided by computational and spectrometric strategies, in addition to pharmacological evaluations. The development of omics approaches led to a more comprehensive view of the chemical profile of an organism, and enabled integrated and concomitant studies of several samples, and faster annotation of known molecules, through the use of hyphenated and chemometric techniques, and molecular networking. This also helped to overcome the lack of information on the safety and efficacy of herbal preparations, in projects dealing with the standardization of herbal products, according to international standards. The BIOTA-FAPESP program has also focused on environmental aspects, in accordance with the principles of Green Chemistry and has had positive effects on international collaboration, on the number and impact of scientific publications and on partnership with companies, a crucial step to add value and expand the production chain of bioproducts. Also, the compilation, systematization and sharing of data were contemplated with the creation of the NUBBEDB database, of free access, and that integrates with international databases (ACD/labs, American Chemical Society -- ACS), helping researchers and companies in the development from different areas of science, technology, strengthening the bioeconomy and subsidizing public policies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Os óleos essenciais são eficazes agentes antimicrobianos devido aos compostos bioativos que possuem. Objetivou-se extrair e identificar os constituintes químicos do óleo essencial da pimenta-preta (Piper nigrum L.), estudar o seu potencial antimicrobiano e biomonitorar o óleo através do teste de potencial citotóxico. Extraiu-se o óleo essencial pelo método de destilação por arraste a vapor. O óleo foi analisado quanto a sua composição química e submetido ao biomonitoramento por Artemia Salina Leach e posterior teste de atividade antimicrobiana e de concentração inibitória mínima (CIM). O material vegetal apresentou rendimento de 1,15% de óleo essencial, onde 38 compostos foram identificados por cromatografia, sendo os constituintes majoritários: sabinene (30,62%), limoneno (21,43%), cariofileno (21%), β – pineno (9,62%) e α –pineno (5,31%). O óleo essencial apresentou CL50 8,48 µg/mL frente a Artemia salina Leach. As bactérias Listeria innocua (15,60 mm) e Escherichia coli (5,60 mm), apresentaram menor e maior resistência ao óleo essencial estudado, respectivamente. Listeria monocytogenes e Clostridium perfringens apresentaram menor CIM, com 30.92 µg/mL. Desta forma, o óleo essencial de pimenta preta mostra-se um antimicrobiano promissor, sendo uma possibilidade de aplicação futura, como um conservante natural na indústria de alimentos.

O uso abusivo de medicamentos e a sua venda indiscriminada são um dos principais fatores para a resistência bacteriana, que é um grave problema à saúde. Os óleos essenciais são uma fonte de compostos bioativos que podem possuir propriedades antimicrobianas. Neste sentido, destaca-se o α-pineno, um monoterpeno que pode ser extraído dos óleos essenciais de plantas, que apresenta ação medicinal. Assim, o presente trabalho tem como objetivo avaliar a atividade antimicrobiana e moduladora do α-pineno, quando associado ao aparelho de Light Emitting Diodes (LED) frente a cepas bacterianas multirresistentes. Para tanto, foi utilizada a técnica de contato gasoso e a modulação com antibióticos e luz LED azul para determinação da atividade antimicrobiana. A concentração inibitória mínima (CIM) do composto foi de ≥ 1024 µg/mL, verificou-se, assim, um possível sinergismo do α-pineno associados à luz de LED e aos antibióticos das classes Quinolonas (Norfloxacina, Ciprofloxacina), Aminoglicosídeos (Gentamicina, Amicacina) e Beta Lactâmicos (Penicilina G e Oxacilina) frente às cepas multirresistentes de Staphylococcus aureus e Escherichia coli. Os resultados indicam que o α-pineno tem ação sinérgica quando associado aos antibióticos convencionais como a Amicacina e a Oxacilina, que obtiveram atividade satisfatória frente às cepas de E. coli e S. aureus, respectivamente. Portanto, o α-pineno pode exercer efeitos benéficos para o tratamento de infecções bacterianas relacionadas a cepas resistentes.

The abuse of drugs and their indiscriminate sale are one of the main factors for bacterial resistance, which is a serious health problem. Essential oils are a source of bioactive compounds that may have antimicrobial properties. In this context, a-pinene stands out, a monoterpene that can be extracted from essential oils of plants and has medicinal action. Thus, the present work aims to evaluate the antimicrobial and modulating activity of a-pinene when associated with the Light Emitting Diodes (LED) apparatus against multiresistant bacterial strains. For this purpose, the gaseous contact technique and modulation with antibiotics and blue LED light were used to determine the antimicrobial activity. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the a-pinene was = 1024 µg/mL. Possible synergism occurred between a-pinene associated with antibiotics and LED light of the class of Quinolones (Norfloxacin, Ciprofloxacin), Aminoglycosides (Gentamicin, Amikacin) and Beta Lactamic (Penicillin G and Oxacillin) that showed inhibitory potential against multidrug-resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The results indicate that the a-pinene has a synergistic action when associated with conventional antibiotics, such as amikacin, which satisfactorily inhibited E. coli and oxacillin, which inhibited S. aureus. In this sense, a-pinene may be a compound with beneficial effects for the treatment of bacterial infections related to resistant strains. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

RESUMO Nos sistemas de produção, os produtos naturais vêm se destacando na substituição a produtos sintéticos, dentre eles podemos ressaltar os óleos vegetais ricos em ácido graxos poli-insaturados (PUFA), que são conhecidos, popularmente, por seus efeitos benéficos. Dessa forma, o objetivo com este trabalho foi avaliar os efeitos da suplementação dos óleos de pequi (Caryocar brasiliense) e girassol (Helianthus annus) sobre parâmetros fisiológicos em leitões na fase de creche. Foram utilizados 180 leitões alojados em granja comercial, distribuídos em três grupos (n=60) conforme suplementação alimentar: óleo de pequi, óleo de girassol e controle negativo. Amostras de sangue e o peso dos animais foram obtidos nos intervalos de quatro trocas de rações da fase de creche para avaliação do desempenho, da resposta inflamatória, do perfil lipídico e do “status” oxidativo. Os parâmetros fisiológicos mensurados demonstraram que os óleos interferiram positivamente na resposta inflamatória sistêmica, por meio dos leucócitos totais e da relação neutrófilo/linfócito (P

RESUMO O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o perfil químico, teor de fenóis totais e as atividades antioxidante, antiacetilcolinesterásica e antifúngica dos extratos etanólicos das folhas (EEF) e do caule (EEC) de cinco espécies de Senna, bem como avaliar a correlação entre o conteúdo de fenóis totais com a atividade sequestradora do radical livre DPPH e com a inibição da enzima acetilcolinesterase AChEI. No teste fitoquímico, evidenciou-se a presença de metabólitos secundários em todos os extratos. Os EEF e EEC de Senna trachypus, destacaram-se por apresentar os maiores valores de fenóis totais. Os EEF e EEC de S. trachypus mostraram a melhor ação sobre a enzima acetilcolinesterase. Todas as espécies apresentaram atividade antioxidante, em especial o EEF de S. trachypus. Foi observado correlação forte para as variáveis fenóis totais e atividade antioxidante (r = -0,71), muito forte para fenóis totais e antiacetilcolinesterase (r = -0,84) e atividade moderada para atividade antioxidante e antiacetilcolinesterase (0,43). Apenas os extratos de S. trachypus apresentaram atividade contra todos os dermatófitos, quando comparado às demais espécies. A espécie S. trachypus foi considerada a planta mais promissora para estudos subsequentes, a fim de encontrar compostos com ações farmacológicas.

The use of anesthetics in aquaculture ensures better animal welfare and survival during transport and the production cycle. The present study evaluated the anesthetic efficacy of essential oils (EOs) of Lippia alba (EOLA) and Ocimum gratissimum (EOOG) for pink shrimp Farfantepenaeus paulensis, and EOs of Origanum majorana (EOO) and Cymbopogon citratus (EOC) for white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. shrimp were exposed to (i) 500, 750 or 1000 μL L-1 of EOLA or (ii) 50, 100, 150 or 250 μL L-1 of EOOG, and L. vannamei were exposed to (iii) 150, 300 or 500 μL L-1 of EOC or (iv) 400 or 800 μL L-1 of EOO. The induction times were concentration dependent, with a decrease in induction time with the increase of the EOs concentration, but for EOLA, this pattern was observed only for anesthesia. Induction times for sedation and anesthesia were significantly shorter for shrimp exposed to EOC and EOO. The highest concentration of EOOG (250 μL L-1) resulted in 30% mortality. The recovery time was significantly longer for shrimp exposed to 800 μL L-1 of EOO compared to the other EOs. Overall, the action of EOs significantly differed between the two shrimp species. In conclusion, the tested EOs effectively anesthetized F. paulensis and L. vannamei. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Propolis has been considered a resinous substance with a complex chemical composition that is collected from several plant species by Apis mellifera bees, and used by man as an alternative to the healing of diseases and to keep a good health. The chemical composition of propolis is related to the biodiversity of the region visited by the bees and also to the season of collection. This research purpose was to optimize the production methodology of propolis' ethanol extract production and to evaluate the effect of seasonality in the chemical composition and biological activities of this product. Propolis' samples were collected from the apiary at the Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Sul de Minas Gerais - Campus Muzambinho and were used to make ethanol extracts. In the optimization stage, different ethanolic solution concentration, extraction method and drying temperatures were used. For the analysis of the seasonal effect, propolis was collected from the same place in different seasons. The results showed that the 80% ethanolic solution, the extraction temperature of 70&#176:C and drying at 45&#176:C were the ones that stood out the most. Regarding the effect of seasonality on the chemical composition and biological activities of propolis, it is clear that there are differences between the propolis collected in different seasons. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to chemically characterize the bark extracts from three tree species: Anacardium occidentale L., Ziziphus joazeiro Mart. and Mimosa caesalpiniaefolia Benth., in addition to obtaining the soluble extract content in water, alcohol and hexane from the bark of these species. The bark was collected from branches of the three species and subsequently pre-dried and milled. The extract content was then determined using the Sohxlet method aiming to quantify the total extractives in the samples, and determine the extract content soluble in water, ethyl alcohol and hexane. The extracts were further analyzed by Near Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) analysis to determine their chemical composition. The extract contents in the three species behaved in a similar way, with hexane being the solvent which extracted more compounds and juazeiro the species that displayed the highest total extract content. With the chemical characterization of the extracts, it was possible to identify the presence of functional groups characteristic of carbohydrates and proteins in the aqueous extracts; the presence of characteristic hydroxyl group, for example in alcohols, aldehydes, ketones and ethers in the ethanolic extracts; and the presence of fatty acids and aromatic compounds (essential oils) in hexanolic extracts. The essential oils were the compounds which presented larger quantities, and can be exploited by the pharmacochemical industry [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

O Cymbopogon citratus é uma hortaliça bastante conhecida e utilizada, pertence à família Paeceae, originada na Ásia e em alguns países tropicais, popularmente conhecida como Capim-santo é eficaz contra várias patologias como: asma, insônia, cólicas e ansiedade. O presente estudo teve como objetivo determinar o perfil fitoquímico do extrato etanólico e óleo essencial das folhas de Cymbopogon citratus, assim como a atividade antibacteriana e modulatória frente as bactérias Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus e Pseudomonas aeruginosa padrões e multirresistentes. Para a análise da atividade antibacteriana foi realizado o teste de microdiluição em caldo para determinação da concentração inibitória mínima (CIM), e a modificação da atividade dos aminoglicosídeos gentamicina e amicacina. Na prospecção fitoquímica foi observado a presença de compostos fenólicos no extrato como taninos e fenóis, além de apresentar alguns flavonoides. Os resultados obtidos da CIM em todas as bactérias testadas foi ≥1024 µg/mL, tanto para o extrato quanto para o óleo essencial. Na atividade combinada, houve antagonismo tanto para o extrato etanólico, quanto para o óleo essencial, frente as bactérias multirresistentes S. aureus 358 e P. aeruginosa 03. Entretanto, tem-se a importância de terem novos estudos sobre os produtos naturais utilizados pela população frente aos antimicrobianos testados, pois outros podem apresentar os mesmos efeitos como este, em que, reduz o efeito do antibiótico e assim podendo dificultar o tratamento de diversas doenças.

Copyright of RSBO: Revista Sul-Brasileira de Odontologia is the property of UNIVILLE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: A list of 71 medicinal herbs has been published by the Brazilian Ministry of Health with the purpose of studying and developing medicines obtained from herbs for their potential use in the Unified Health System. Objective: Evaluate the in vitro antimicrobial activity of extracts from medicinal herbs proposed by the Ministry of Health with a view to their possible use in the Unified Health System to combat oral bacteria. Methods: Extracts were obtained from the plants selected in the form of essential oil (Eucalyptus globulus, Mentha piperita and Schinus terebinthifolius) or tincture (Erythrina mulungu, Casearia sylvestris and Maytenus ilicifolia), and were tested against Streptococcus mutans (ATCC 25175), S. oralis (ATCC 10557) and S. salivarius (ATCC 7073). The agar diffusion test was performed by making wells and adding 50 μL of the extracts. After 48 h in a bacteriological incubator, the inhibition haloes were measured with calipers. Minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration were determined by microplate microdilution and depletion technique, respectively. The minimum inhibitory concentration corresponded to the lowest dilution, at which there was no visible bacterial growth. The positive control used was 0.12% chlorhexidine. All the tests were performed in triplicate and analyzed descriptively. Results: Maytenus ilicifolia extracts exhibited slightly higher inhibition haloes than the other products. Erythrina mulungu had the lowest minimum inhibitory concentration against S. mutans (2.81 mg/mL) among tinctures, and Mentha piperita (9.00) among essential oils. Erythrina and Mentha piperita extracts were the only two displaying minimum bactericidal concentration against the strains used. Conclusions: The study plant extracts displayed antimicrobial activity against oral microorganisms, particularly against Mentha piperita and Erythrina mulungu.

This is a systematic review of scientific articles reporting the biodiversity of endophytic fungi isolated from endemic Cerrado plants in Brazil and exposes the potential applications of these microorganisms in the production of known and new metabolites. The “Portal de Periódicos” (CAPES), Science Direct, PubMed, Scielo, and Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS) databases were used. A total of 418 articles were found using the following sets of keywords: Endophytic, fungi, and Cerrado; endophytic, fungi, rupestrian, and grass lands; endophytic, fungi, Brazilian, and savanna; among these, 14 articles were selected. The articles were grouped into studies on the biodiversity of Cerrado endophytic fungi, chemical studies, and other subjects. All the articles were found to be related to the diversity present in the Cerrado of the southeastern and midwestern regions, they show high fungal biodiversity with Diaporthe genus predominant in almost all plants studied. In all the studies on the chemical diversity of endophytic fungi, new compounds or new natural products were found associated with a range of bioactivity, especially antifungal. It shows the great potential of endophytes in the production of new and bioactive secondary metabolites, as well as the unexplored chemical diversity of endophytes isolated from endemic plant species. The review shows that rare studies performed in regions where the Cerrado biome are predominant, including the central, north, and northeast regions, representing an important niche that is still unexplored. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The essential oils are effective antimicrobial agents due to the bioactive compounds they have. The objective was to extract and identify the chemical constituents of the essential oil of black pepper (Piper nigrum L.), study its antimicrobial potential and biomonitored the oil through the cytotoxic potential test. The essential oil was extracted by steam distillation. The oil was analyzed for its chemical composition and subjected to biomonitoring by Artemia Salina Leach and subsequent antimicrobial activity and minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC). The plant material showed a yield of 1.15% of essential oil, where 38 compounds were identified by chromatography, the major constituents being: sabinene (30.62%), limonene (21.43%), karyophylene (21%), ß - pinene (9.62%) and a -pinene (5.31%). The essential oil showed CL50 8.48 µg/mL compared to Artemia salina Leach. The bacteria Listeria innocua (15.60 mm) and Escherichia coli (5.60 mm), presented lower to greater resistance to the essential oil studied, respectively. Listeria monocytogenes and Clostridium perfringens presented lower MIC, with 30.92 µg/mL. Thus, black pepper essential oil is a promising antimicrobial, being a possibility of future application, as a natural preservative in the food industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: In this systematic review, we evaluated the link between inducers of oxidative or nitrosative stresses (OS/NS) and antifungal activity against fungi of medical relevance (including Candida spp., Cryptococcus spp., and Aspergillus spp.), through a direct action on the fungal cell or modulating phagocyte response. Moreover, the clinical implications of this biochemical event, as well as the perspectives, were examined, highlighting the search for new compounds with antifungal activity, mainly those from natural sources and, which explores the induction of OS or NS as part of the mechanism of action. Methodology: Articles from different databases and published at any time were evaluated, between April and June 2017, and using different descriptors. Results: First, a definition of OS and NS was established in which an increase in reactive oxygen or nitrogen species (ROS/RNS, quantified directly and from mitochondrial, Fenton reaction, endoplasmic reticulum or other fungal sources) should exceed the antioxidant defense capacity of the microorganism (evaluated by transcriptomic or proteomic or metabolomic profiles or enzyme activity levels). These events, by time and conditions delimited, can lead to the signaling of apoptosis or an actual damage toward biomolecules (lipid peroxidation or protein oxidation or DNA damage) and, consequently, they can cause cell death or other associated antifungal effect. Therefore, 64 articles were found, of these, only one was published before 2000 and 50 between 2007-2017, reporting the induction of OS or NS directly into the fungal cell via an increase in ROS or RNS as part of the mechanism of action of classical antifungal agents (22 publications), such as: azoles (fluconazole, itraconazole, and miconazole), polyenes (amphotericin B, [AnB]), and echinocandins (micafungin). This redox modulation has also been reported as an important therapeutic target in the search for new natural compounds with antifungal activity (32 publications), which is supported for the great variety of inducers from nature. Compounds that also induce the oxidative burst of phagocytes, including AnB, promote a combinatorial antifungal effect in vivo. In addition to the antifungal effect against planktonic cells, the relation between OS or NS and antifungal activity against fungal biofilms has also been reported. It has been established in the recent literature a clear link between OS or NS and antifungal effect, during the action of antifungal agents already used in the therapy in humans as well as for possible drug candidates. Thus, the induction of OS or NS as part of the mechanism of action proves to be an important therapeutic target with favorable perspectives on the outcomes in clinical practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of thymol and carvacrol upon production of aflatoxins by Aspergillus flavus and upon its growth. Minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC), fungitoxic spectrum and mycotoxin inhibition were assessed. Results showed thymol and carvacrol exhibited fungicidal action, as determined by MIC values of 2500 and 30 μg mL-1, respectively. Both thymol and carvacrol significantly inhibited growth of A. flavus (p<0.05) at concentrations of 600 and 15 μg mL-1, respectively. Fungal biomass, as estimated by determination of ergosterol concentration, was significantly reduced (p<0.05) at thymol concentrations of 2500 μg mL-1 and at carvacrol concentrations of 250 μg mL-1. Thymol and carvacrol exhibited antiaflatoxigenic effects at concentrations of 600 and 125 μg mL-1, respectively. While both thymol and carvacrol showed possessing antifungal activities, neither were highly antiaflatoxigenic. Carvacrol and thymol might be considered for use as potential antifungal natural compounds against A. flavus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article presents a review on the use of plants in the treatment of scars in diabetic patients. Diabetic patients have difficulty in healing due to increased blood sugar levels, which compromises tissue healing. The study reviewed articles that used plant extracts to treat chronic diabetes wounds between 1991 and 2019. Four groups of plants with positive effects on treatment were identified, including gene regulation, cell proliferation, reduction of inflammation, stimulation of angiogenesis and collagen deposition, as well as reduction of sugar levels. It is concluded that plant extracts are a promising option for the treatment of difficult healing wounds in diabetics. [Extracted from the article]

Foram estudadas nove amostras de plantas a partir da reação de complexação que ocorre entre alumínio, proveniente do cloreto de alumínio (AlCl3) e quercetina, presente no material botânico avaliado. A reação é caracterizada pela formação de uma solução amarela, evidenciada espectroscopicamente pelo deslocamento batocrômico da região de 360-370 nm para 420-430 nm. Foram investigadas quatro amostras de pétalas: azaleia branca e magenta, lírio amarelo queimado e dente-de-leão; três amostras de folhas: babosa, laranja e lima; e duas amostras de cascas de frutos: laranja e lima. Dentre as amostras analisadas, apenas as pétalas de azaleia (Rhododendron sp.) branca e magenta apresentaram concentração de quercetina suficiente para ser detectada e analisada por espectroscopia de UV-Vis pela formação do complexo quercetina-alumínio. A interação entre o alumínio e a quercetina apresenta estequiometria 2:1, com uma constante de ligação de 3,94 ± 0,34 x 103 mol L-1.

Neste trabalho estudou-se o corante da polpa de pitaya em pó e seu comportamento higroscópico. A pitaya é um fruto nutritivo com baixo valor calórico e alto poder antioxidante devido à presença de betalaínas, pigmentos nitrogenados e hidrossolúveis semelhantes ao grupo das antocianinas e flavonóides, com estruturas químicas diferentes. Os experimentos foram realizados adicionando maltodextrina no corante de pitaya nas proporções de 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 e 100%, visando aumentar a quantidade de sólidos no corante e analisando-se também o corante em pó puro. Em todas as amostras foi realizado o processo de branqueamento e, em seguida, a liofilização por 48 horas, aumentando, assim, a estabilidade por meio da redução da atividade de água, de modo a minimizar reações químicas enzimáticas que ocorrem durante a armazenagem do material, contribuindo para o acréscimo da vida útil do produto. Portanto, por meio da construção de isotermas de adsorção e dessorção de umidade a 25 °C em diferentes concentrações de maltodextrina analisou-se a higroscopicidade do corante de pitaya, assim como, a aplicabilidade de modelos matemáticos na predição das isotermas do produto. As isotermas obtidas foram sigmoidais, classificadas como do tipo II e o modelo de GAB mostrou-se mais adequado para ser utilizado na predição das isotermas de sorção do corante.

O maracujá amarelo é fruto climatérico que apresenta alta perecibilidade quando armazenado em temperatura ambiente. Assim, objetivou-se avaliar os efeitos do revestimento do amido da entrecasca de mandioca na conservação pós-colheita de maracujás amarelos armazenados em temperatura ambiente. O amido da entrecasca da mandioca foi extraído por decantação e seco. Em seguida, foi utilizado na preparação do revestimento vegetal, através da gelatinização do amido. O experimento seguiu delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com esquema fatorial 4 x 3, com três tratamentos (controle, sem revestimento; e amido como revestimento nas concentrações de 1%, 2% e 3%) e três tempos de amostragem (0, 7 e 10 dias). Nesse período realizaram-se análises físicas (coloração da casca, perda de massa e rendimento de suco) e químicas (sólidos solúveis, pH, acidez titulável e razão SS AT-1). Os resultados demonstraram que os tratamentos foram efetivos na manutenção da aparência visual dos frutos e redução da perda de massa ao longo dos dez 10 de armazenamento. No que se refere à manutenção dos SS, todos os tratamentos foram eficientes durante o período de armazenamento, enquanto apenas os tratamentos com 2% e 3% de amido mantiveram o pH. Os revestimentos utilizados não foram efetivos na conservação da acidez dos frutos e a razão SS AT-1 aumentou a partir do 7º dia de conservação. O revestimento com 3% de amido apresentou os melhores resultados para todos os parâmetros avaliados.

A transmissão da artrite encefalite caprina pelo sêmen inviabiliza o uso de reprodutores soropositivos de alto valor genético. Como o vírus da artrite encefalite caprina (CAEV), é encontrado no sêmen na forma de RNA viral (vírus livre) ou DNA pró-viral dentro das células não espermáticas, possibilita que pesquisas com plantas com potencial antiviral sejam algo promissor para viabilizar o sêmen de reprodutores caprinos de grande valor zootécnico infectados. Diante disso, com essa revisão objetivou-se elucidar o potencial de fitocompostos, com comprovada ação antiviral, que poderiam vir a ser alvo de estudo para inativar o lentivírus caprino no sêmen. Inúmeras plantas de muitas famílias botânicas já foram estudadas para validação de efeito antiviral contra diversos vírus que acometem animais e humanos. Folhas, raízes, flores, e sementes demonstraram ao longo do tempo em sua constituição fitoquímica substâncias antivirais promissoras. De acordo com o tipo de planta, não apenas algumas partes dela, mas regiões inteiras da mesma são alvos das pesquisas por fitocompostos a ser usado como alternativa no combate as doenças virais. A base dos estudos nessa vertente são os metabólitos secundários, pois nas pesquisas têm apresentado compostos bioativos antivirais de alto potencial atuando nas diferentes fases do ciclo de desenvolvimento viral. Dessa forma, a biodiversidade da flora brasileira aliada à tendência de formar fitocompostos poderiam contribuir no avanço das pesquisas, a fim de encontrar uma alternativa de base natural, potencialmente eficaz, para eliminar os riscos de transmissão do CAEV pelo sêmen.

The use of plants in popular practices has been known since prehistory, and has now been called complementary medicine. In the last decade, there has been an increase in the use of alternative therapeutic practices supported by policies within the scope of the Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), in particular the use of medicinal plants and herbal medicines. In this sense, the present study aimed to assess the use of medicinal plants and herbal medicines by users registered in the Family Health Strategies in Rondonópolis, MT. This is a quantitative research, in which interviews were conducted by questionnaires. From the 71 people interviewed, 63% do not know the difference between herbal and medicinal plants, 58% know the different ways of using the plants, 45% drink them as tea, and the part of the plant preferred by consumers are the leaves (59%). Approximately 44% had not conducted any type of consultation before consumption and 48 people made concomitant use of synthetic drugs. Considering the results obtained, it is verified that there may be increased risks of intoxication and adverse reactions; therefore, there is the need for correct and accurate guidance regarding the use of natural products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The yellow passion fruit is a climacteric fruit that presents high perishability when stored at room temperature. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of cassava peanut starch coating on postharvest conservation of yellow passion fruit stored at room temperature. The cassava inner bark starch was extracted by decanting and drying. The starch was used in the preparation of the edible coating, through the gelatinization of the starch. The experiment was set in a completely randomized design (DIC), with a 4 x 3 factorial scheme, with three treatments (control, no coating; and starch in the concentrations 1, 2 and 3%) and three sampling times (0, 7 and 10 days). Physical analysis (peel color, weight loss and juice yield) and chemical analyzes (soluble solids, pH, titratable acidity and SS AT-1 ratio) were performed during this period. The results demonstrated that the treatments were effective in maintaining the visual appearance of the fruits and reducing the mass loss during the ten days of storage. All treatments were efficient during the storage period for SS maintenance, while only only the treatments with 2 and 3% starchmaintained the pH. The tested coatings were not effective in preserving the acidity of the fruits and the SS AT-1 ratio increased from the 7th day of conservation. The coating with 3% of starch presented the best results for all evaluated parameters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Caatinga is the property of Revista Caatinga and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

O pinhão manso (Jatropha curcas L.), pertencente a familia das Euphorbiaceae e é uma oleaginosa que possui um alto teor de óleo que se destaca como uma planta com caracteristicas favoráveis para a produção de biodiesel. Após a extração do óleo, toneladas de torta sao produzidas como coproduto. Essa torta contém alto valor nutricional, mas a presenca de éster de forbol, um composto tóxico, restringe a sua utilização como alimentação animal. Diferentes processos de destoxificação têm sido desenvolvidos em virtude da necessidade da remoção deste componente tóxico visando o aproveitamento da torta. Os compostos bioativos, como os ésteres de forbol, estão normalmente presentes em matrizes vegetais em baixas concentrações, sendo necessários processos de extração mais seletivos e efetivos para recuperação destes materiais. A utilização do fluido supercrítico é uma técnica alternativa para recuperação de compostos bioativos a partir de materiais vegetais. Neste trabalhou avaliou-se o uso do etanol como co-solvente no processo de extração supercrítica. As condições experimentais utilizadas foram: 40 ºC – 300 bar, 70 ºC – 300 bar, 50 ºC – 440 bar, 90 ºC – 440 bar, 70 ºC – 500 bar. A extração se mostrou eficiente, sendo o melhor resultado obtido na condição operacional de 70 °C e 500 bar, removendo 61% da concentração inicial de éster presente na torta após 5 horas de extração.

ABSTRACTIn this study, ethanol-water extracts of pequi fruit peel were fractionated in order to identify and quantify the major antioxidant present in it. The fractions were subjected to liquid-liquid phase extraction and silica-gel column chromatography, and antioxidant activity was monitored using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical-scavenging assay. The purity of the fractions was evaluated using thin-layer chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The substance with antioxidant property was identified through the analysis in a liquid chromatography-mass spectroscopy fragmentation and was quantified using HPLC. After the Silica-gel fractionation, it was identified a fraction with high antioxidant activity and purity, which contained gallic acid as the main compound. The gallic acid was found at the amount of 26.54 ± 1.13 mg/g of the dry mass of the pequi fruit peel. Because the quantifications were performed using crude ethanol-water extract, it was suspected that gallic acid was present in a free form. Thus, pequi fruit peel may serve as an attractive alternative of feedstock for natural antioxidant production. Moreover, the results obtained in this study emphasize the value of the pequi plant, and suggests improved opportunities for families that use this fruit`s products.

O artigo objetiva analisar o papel da Ciência da Informação nos procedimentos de registro de Indicação Geográfica (IG) e patentes no Instituto Nacional de Propriedade Industrial (INPI) a partir do estudo de caso de produtores da Cajuína do Piauí que fizeram uso da tecnologia de Base de Dados para obter registro de Indicação de Procedência (IP), além das Patentes de Invenção (PI) e/ou Modelos de Utilidade (MU) relacionadas ao produto pesquisado. Além de apresentar o histórico e as pesquisas sobre o processo de confecção do produto natural, expõe as planilhas de coleta de dados, os sistemas de busca anterioridade, os pedidos de patente de invenção e modelo de utilidade vinculados.

Leishmaniasis is a complex of diseases caused by Leishmania protozoa which treatment is restricted to a limited number of drugs that exhibit high toxicity, collateral effects and are often costly. There are a variety of tropical plants distributed in Brazil, and for many poor people the therapy for several diseases is based mainly on the use of traditional herbal remedies. In this work, the cytotoxic activity of 17 plant methanol extracts was evaluated on several Leishmania species and murine macrophages. Among them, the extract of Casearia sylvestris, Piptocarpha macropoda, Trembleya parviflora, Samanea tubulosa and Plectranthus neochilus showed a promissing leishmanicidal activity, exhibiting IC50 values below of 20 µg/mL against at least one species of Leishmania. Casearia sylvestris showed the most expressive activity against all promastigote forms of Leishmania species (IC50 values of 5.4 µg/mL, 5.0 µg/mL, 8.5 µg/mL and 7.7 µg/mL for L. amazonensis, L. braziliensis, L. chagasi and L. major, respectively), being more effective than the reference drug miltefosine. In spite of the cytotoxic effect on macrophages (CC50 value of 5.2 µg/mL), C. sylvestris exhibited a strong inhibition against intracellular amastigotes of L. braziliensis (IC50 value of 1.3 µg/mL). Further studies, including bio-guided fractionation will be conducted to identify the active compounds.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of essential oils on enterobacteria Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus isolated from poultry fecal samples in the cloaca from 49 laying hens. To analyze the antimicrobial sensibility an agar diffusion susceptibility test was performed and the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and the Minimum Bactericida Concentration (MBC) of Lippia origanoides and Lippia rotundifolia essential oils was determined. The concentrations used were 160, 80 and 40 μL/mL. The L. origanoides essential oil showed antimicrobial effect from 40 μL/mL dose against both microorganisms, with larger efficiency in E. coli. The L.rotundifolia essential oil was more efficient at the concentration of 160μL/mL. Its effect was observed in all microorganisms. These results suggest that L. origanoides oil is more effective than L. rotundifolia oil in inhibiting the growth of microorganism isolated from poultry, although it also has a satisfactory antimicrobial effect. Results indicate the potential use of these plant's essential oils in poultry feed as an alternative to conventional antimicrobial products.

The interest in sustainable products has increased along the years, since the choice of products, packaging and production processes have a great impact on the environment. These products are classified by regulatory agencies in different categories, aggregating advantages to the product and increasing the demand by consumers. However, there is no harmonization in guidelines of these certifying agencies and each cosmetic industry formulates their product and packaging in a more rational way, which causes less damage to the environment. Many cosmetic products have in their formulation natural products that perform a specific biological function, but these products should be evaluated on efficacy and toxicological aspects. The aim of this article is to approach sustainability, natural and organic cosmetics, considering the consumer and the efficacy, toxicological and regulatory aspects.

Anacardium occidentale is a native plant from Brazilian Northeast popularly known as cashew tree, having great socioeconomic importance for this region, due to the great popularity of its fruit and its medicinal properties, the example antimicrobial activity. The present study had as objective to make a bibliographical survey about the antimicrobial activity of A. occidentale against strains of bacteria and fungi. We used the databases Scielo, PubMed, Lilacs and Periódicos Capes, in which 110 articles were analyzed and only 48 were selected. From the data obtained in the literature, it was observed that the bark of the stem, leaves, flowers and the own fruit of A. occidentale present antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and fungi of the genus Candida. Thus, A. occidentale presents as a potential species for the research and development of possible herbal medicines to combat bacterial and fungal infections. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Considerando a relevância do pulgão-verde (Myzus persicae) como praga para diversas hortaliças, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito de extrato de própolis sobre o comportamento e mortalidade desse afídeo. Além disso, caracterizou-se quimicamente a própolis utilizada, a qual foi coletada em colmeias de Apis melífera no Campus Ciências Agrárias da Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco (CCA/UNIVASF) em Petrolina, PE. Para a preparação do extrato, foram utilizados 30 g de própolis bruta triturada para cada 100 mL de solução alcoólica hidratada (70%), por um período de 10 dias, obtendo-se a solução estoque. A partir desta, foram feitas diluições para as concentrações de 10, 20, 30 e 40% em água destilada. Foram realizados bioensaios de atratividade (com e sem chance de escolha) e mortalidade, utilizando discos de folhas de couve manteiga tratados com extratos nas diferentes concentrações e testemunha. Diante dos resultados, foi possível verificar que o extrato alcoólico de própolis em baixas concentrações exerce atração sobre o pulgão-verde, enquanto em concentrações acima de 20%, o mesmo extrato repele indivíduos dessa espécie. O extrato alcoólico de própolis apresenta efeito tóxico ao pulgão-verde, provocando níveis crescentes de mortalidade à medida que se aumenta a concentração do mesmo.